The document discusses the transition from project-based to product-driven approaches in software development, highlighting the limitations of traditional monolithic architectures and the advantages of microservices. It outlines key differences between projects and products, emphasizing continuous improvement, cross-functional teams, and a culture of adaptability. Additionally, it touches on the importance of agile methodologies and organizational culture in fostering a product-driven mindset.

1. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.

2. Project to Product
Hongjin Kim | Sr. Engagement Manager

3. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Load
Balancer
Database
(RDBMS)
Webserver
Data Access Service
• On-premises
• Tightly coupled application components
• Load balancer
• Relational Database (RDBMS)
App Service
Visualization Service
Monolithic Application – Traditional Example

4. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Hard to Scale Can’t Handle
Component Failures
Slow Deployment
Process
Limited options
Monolithic Application – Limitations

5. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
• Cloud
• Loosely coupled application components
• Multiple, independent services
• Multiple Databases with NoSQL and RDBMS
Microservice Architecture Application

6. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
- Time to Market
- Time to Repair
- Enabled Hyper-scaling
- Technologically Independent
Drivers to switch to Microservices

7. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Amazon.com
● Adaptive
Home Page
Experiences
Two kinds of products:
Services
● Search
● Cart
● Account
● Item
● Advertising
● Promotions
● Digital Asset
● Others...
Navigation
Promotions
Customer
Profile
Promotion Content Cartridge
Recommendations
Adaptive
Home
Page
Search
Cart
Digital Asset Digital Asset Digital Asset Digital Asset Digital Asset
Cart
Account
Account
Search
Promotions
Advertising
Item Item Item Item Item Item
Promo Promo Promo Promo Promo
Item Item Item Item Item
Digital
Asset
Digital
Asset
Digital Asset
Digital
Asset
Digital
Asset
Digital
Asset
Digital Asset

8. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Amazon.com
Adaptive
Home Page
Search
Account Cart
Item Digital Asset
Advertising Promotions
Navigation
Promotions
Customer
Profile
Promotion Content Cartridge
Recommendations
Adaptive
Home
Page
Search
Cart
Digital Asset Digital Asset Digital Asset Digital Asset Digital Asset
Cart
Account
Account
Search
Promotions
Advertising
Item Item Item Item Item Item
Promo Promo Promo Promo Promo
Item Item Item Item Item
Digital
Asset
Digital
Asset
Digital Asset
Digital
Asset
Digital
Asset
Digital
Asset
Digital Asset

9. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Activity-based vs. Outcome-based Teams
Business
Strategy
Governance
&
Prioritization
Design
&
Architecture
Software
Engineering
QA
&
Testing
Infrastructure
&
Operations
Security
Traditional Enterprises
activity-based teams
Business
Strategy
Governance
&
Prioritization
Design
&
Architecture
Software
Engineering
QA
&
Testing
Infrastructure
&
Operations
Security
Modern Enterprises
outcome-based teams
Product Team

10. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Project Product
Short-lived / Time-bound
Large batch delivery
(the program)
Silo based temporary team
Goal focused & Output oriented
(Requirement / Cost / Schedule)
Minimize or not allow change
Focus on plan

11. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Project
Short-lived / Time-bound
Large batch delivery
(the program)
Silo based temporary team
Goal focused & Output oriented
(Requirement / Cost / Schedule)
Minimize or not allow change
Focus on plan

12. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Project
Short-lived / Time-bound
Large batch delivery
(the program)
Silo based temporary team
Goal focused & Output oriented
(Requirement / Cost / Schedule)
Minimize or not allow change
Focus on plan
Requirements
Gathering
Analysis
Design
Development
Testing
Implementation
Gate Approach
Cost of Change

13. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Project
Short-lived / Time-bound
Large batch delivery
(the program)
Silo based temporary team
Goal focused & Output oriented
(Requirement / Cost / Schedule)
Minimize or not allow change
Focus on plan
Requirements
Gathering
Analysis
Design
Development
Testing
Implementation
Cost of Change Gate Approach
Business Agility

14. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Project
Short-lived / Time-bound
Large batch delivery
(the program)
Silo based temporary team
Goal focused & Output oriented
(Requirement / Cost / Schedule)
Minimize or not allow change
Focus on plan
Requirements
Gathering
Analysis
Design
Development
Testing
Implementation
Cost of Change Gate Approach

15. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Project
Short-lived / Time-bound
Large batch delivery
(the program)
Silo based temporary team
Goal focused & Output oriented
(Requirement / Cost / Schedule)
Minimize or not allow change
Focus on plan
Requirements
Gathering
Analysis
Design
Development
Testing
Implementation
Cost of Change Gate Approach
FIX
EVERYTHING
UP-FRONT
FOLLOW
THE
PLAN

16. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Project
Short-lived / Time-bound
Large batch delivery
(the program)
Silo based temporary team
Goal focused & Output oriented
(Requirement / Cost / Schedule)
Minimize or not allow change
Focus on plan
Requirements
Gathering
Analysis
Design
Development
Testing
Implementation
Gate Approach
COMMAND
& CONTROL
ASSEMBLY
LINE
MENTALITY
BUSINESS
MANAGEMENT

17. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Project
Short-lived / Time-bound
Large batch delivery
(the program)
Silo based temporary team
Goal focused & Output oriented
(Requirement / Cost / Schedule)
Minimize or not allow change
Focus on plan
Requirements
Gathering
Analysis
Design
Development
Testing
Implementation
Gate Approach
COMMAND
& CONTROL
ASSEMBLY
LINE
MENTALITY

18. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Project
Short-lived / Time-bound
Large batch delivery
(the program)
Silo based temporary team
Goal focused & Output oriented
(Requirement / Cost / Schedule)
Minimize or not allow change
Focus on plan
MANAGEMENT
& GOVERNANCE
OVER
“Waterfall
Development”
PMO
Governed by
PM
Managed by
Generate PUSH Culture
MOTIVATION
AUTONOMY
MASTERY
PURPOSE
Maximize
Predictability
False
Predictability
Conflict
of
Interest
Scope,
Cost,
Schedule
vs.
Quality

19. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Project
Short-lived / Time-bound
Large batch delivery
(the program)
Silo based temporary team
Goal focused & Output oriented
(Requirement / Cost / Schedule)
Minimize or not allow change
Focus on plan

20. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Project Product
Short-lived / Time-bound
Large batch delivery
(the program)
Silo based temporary team
Goal focused & Output oriented
(Requirement / Cost / Schedule)
Minimize or not allow change
Focus on plan
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features

21. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features

22. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
Incremental Approach
MVP
IDEA
(Product,
Feature,
Initiative,
etc.)
HYPOTHESIS Proove Hypothesis

23. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
MVP
IDEA
(Product,
Feature,
Initiative,
etc.)
HYPOTHESIS Proove Hypothesis
PROBLEM UNDERSTANDING SOLUTION EXPLORATION
RESEARCH SYNTHESIZE EXPLORE REFINE
GENERAL
PROBLEM
AREA
SPECIFIC
PROBLEMS
SPECIFIC
SOLUTION
Iterative
Set Based
Design

24. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
MVP
IDEA
(Product,
Feature,
Initiative,
etc.)
HYPOTHESIS Proove Hypothesis
Set Based
Design
Time
Learning Points
Multiple
design
options

25. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
MVP
IDEA
(Product,
Feature,
Initiative,
etc.)
HYPOTHESIS Proove Hypothesis
DE-CENTRALIZED
DECISION MAKING
Short
Feedback Loop

26. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
MVP
IDEA
(Product,
Feature,
Initiative,
etc.)
HYPOTHESIS Proove Hypothesis
Short
Feedback Loop
FLOW Distribution
Features
Debts
Defects
Risks

27. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
Cost of Change
MVP
IDEA
(Product,
Feature,
Initiative,
etc.)
HYPOTHESIS Proove Hypothesis
DECISION
POINT
Feature
Toggle

28. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
Incremental Approach
MVP
IDEA
(Product,
Feature,
Initiative,
etc.)
HYPOTHESIS Proove Hypothesis
FLOW Distribution
Features
Debts
Defects
Risks

29. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
New Way of Working
New Way of Thinking
DevOps
Design Thinking
System Thinking
User Centricity Design
AGILE MINDSET &
PHILOSOPHY
as
SCRUM,
KANBAN,
SPOTIFY
MODEL,
SAFe®,
XP,
etc.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY EQUAL VOICE
Generate PULL Culture

30. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
New Way of Working
New Way of Thinking
DevOps
Design Thinking
System Thinking
User Centricity Design
AGILE MINDSET &
PHILOSOPHY
as
SCRUM,
KANBAN,
SPOTIFY
MODEL,
SAFe®,
XP,
etc.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY EQUAL VOICE
Generate PULL Culture

31. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
ORGANIZATION
CULTURE

32. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
ORGANIZATION
CULTURE
Sub-optimization
Silo that generates
Cost of delay
Hierarchy
that generates
Waste
Centralized
decision making
Waste

33. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
ORGANIZATION
CULTURE
Fixed mindset over Growth mindset
Plan over Planning
Top-down over Bottom-up
Management over Autonomous
Push over Pull
Process over Product
Red-List over Green-List
Restricted over Transparent
Predict and Control over Emergent
Centralized over Distributed
Suboptimization over Optimization as a whole

34. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
ORGANIZATION
CULTURE
LEADER
Change
BE THE CHANGE YOU WANT
TO SEE IN THE WORLD.
“WHY AGILE?”

35. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Becoming Product-Driven | Product vs. Project: What’s Different
Product
Long-lived / Everlasting
Small batch delivery
(continuous improvement)
Cross-functional fixed team
Business value & Outcome oriented
Embrace change
Focus on features
ORGANIZATION
CULTURE
LEADER
Change
BE THE CHANGE YOU WANT
TO SEE IN THE WORLD.
“AGILE BUBBLE”

36. © 2021, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates.
Agile Journey – How AWS can help
1
2
3
4
Build Agile Leadership
with VAST Cycle
1
Guide oraganization to
build Cross-Functional
and Self-Organizing
team by using Value
Stream Mapping
2
Lead Agile
Development (up-stream
& down-stream) to build
Continuous Learning
Culture
3
Enable Team and
People with various
Agile Practices,
including (but not
limited to)
4
VULNERABILITY
AUTHENTIC
RELATIONSHIP
SAFE
TRUST
∏
SCRUM Framework
KANBAN Method
SAFe®
“AGILE BUBBLE”
False
Predictability
Scope,
Cost,
Schedule
vs.
Quality

37. 감사합니다.