Auteurism is a film theory originating in France in the late 1940s that considers the director to be the "author" of a film if their creative influence is so great that it shapes the overall storytelling, including elements like camera placement, lighting, and scene length rather than just the plot. The theory was popularized by American critic Andrew Sarris and grew out of earlier work by French critics André Bazin and Alexandrè Astruc analyzing how a director's style can imprint a film with their personal vision.