- The first inhabitants of Australia were Aboriginal people who arrived around 40,000 years ago from Southeast Asia. - In 1901, the six colonies of Australia became a federation called the Commonwealth of Australia. - Australia has a diverse population of immigrants from over 200 countries and is considered a multicultural society. However, the majority of Australians are of English and Irish descent.

1. Group members:
(125) Anusha Jain
(129) Garima Madhok
(144) Jinan Navlakha
(150) Palak Agarwal
(164) Saurabh Arya
(176) Yajur Gupta

2. Sovereign: Queen Elizabeth II (1952)
Governor-General: Quentin Bryce (2008)
Prime Minister: Julia Gillard (2010)
Land area: 2,941,283 sq mi (7,617,931 sq km)
Population (2010 est.): 21,515,754
Capital(2003 est.):Canberra, 327,700
Largest cities: Sydney, 4,250,100;
Melbourne, 3,610,800; Brisbane,
1,545,700; Perth, 1,375,200; Adelaide,
1,087,600
Monetary unit: Australian dollar

3. Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the
Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian
continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the
Indian and Pacific Oceans.
The first inhabitants of Australia were the Aborigines, who migrated
there at least 40,000 years ago from Southeast Asia.
On 1 January 1901, the six colonies became a federation and the
Commonwealth of Australia was formed.
A prosperous developed country, Australia is the world's thirteenth
largest economy.
Democracy. Symbolic executive power is vested in the British monarch,
who is represented throughout Australia by the governor-general.

4. • The first settlers, the aborigines, are thought to have
arrived around 50,000 years ago.
• The first documented and undisputed European sighting
of and landing on Australia was in March 1606, by the
Dutch navigator Willem Janszoon.
• Most Australians are immigrants or the descendants of
immigrants, having a multicultural background, who
arrived during the past two centuries from more than
200 countries.
• Being a multicultural country, Australia consists of
various cultures such as English & Welsh(70%), Irish(24%),
Scottish(5%)

5.  All rights were taken away from
the Aboriginals and attempts
made to 'Europeanise' them.
 Aborigines became victims of bias
and prejudice of Australians.
Whites were unwilling or unable to
understand the Aboriginal system.
Since white people arrived in Australia it has always been difficult for
them to understand Aboriginal culture.
Also because of the customs and culture of immigrants people become
prejudicial towards them.

6. Australia is a society of people from a
rich variety of cultural, ethnic,
linguistic and religious backgrounds.
Aboriginal people traditionally
adhered to animist spiritual
frameworks.
 They had a rich culture, whose traditions were centrally concerned
with the celebration of three basic types of religious ritual-rites of
fertility, initiation and death.
 Indigenous Australia's oral tradition and religious values are based
upon reverence for the land and a belief in this Dreamtime.

7.  The culture of Australia is essentially a Western culture,
influenced by the unique environment and geography of the
Australian continent.
 The visual arts have a long history in Australia and examples of
ancient Aboriginal rock artworks can be found throughout the
continent.
 English is the official spoken language, other languages include
Chinese, Italian, Vietnamese and Greek. Australia has a sign
language known as Auslan

8. The arts in Australia —
film, music, painting, theatre, dance and crafts — have
achieved international recognition.
The most famous feature of their music is the didgeridoo.

9. Australians see themselves as believing in democracy,
justice, caring for others, equality, a less selfish society,
loyalty and freedom of self-determination .
Their self image focuses on the conquering of fear, sport,
strength of character and achievement, and physical
prowess.

10. Believe in fair go attitude
"Underdog" identity
Australians respect women, other people's
beliefs, democracy
Easy Going

11. The ties between Australia and
India started immediately following
European settlement in 1788.
 Australia mainly exports mined and agricultural goods
to India, while India's chief exports are pearls, precious
and semi-precious stones, textiles and clothing.
 Over 97,000 Indian students enrolled in Australia in
2008, representing an education export of $2 billion.

12.  Friendly rivalry with the New Zealanders.
 Australia shares one of the closest international relations
with UK
 It shares diplomatic relations with Indonesia
 It has close political and trade ties with East Timor
 Australia has cordial relations with Papua New Guinea
 Relations with the Solomon Islands are strained

13. Men wear a conservative
dark business suit and tie.
‡
Women may wear a dress,
or skirt and blouse, for business.
‡
Informal clothing is appropriate
when not attending business functions.
Casual pants are fine for both men and women.
‡

14.  Punctuality is an essential part of Australian business
practice.
 Schedule business appointments approximately one
month in advance.
 Tend to initiate a first name basis with their fellow
business associates quickly.
 It is customary to shake hands at the beginning and end
of a meeting.

15.  It is essential to establish personal relationships with
those you are conducting business with.
 Will negotiate major issues in an open and direct
manner.
 Gift giving is not a common practice in business.
 Exchanging business cards is common among
professional workers.

16.  The stock of foreign investment in
Australia at 31 December 2007 totaled
$1.6 trillion.
 The stock of Australian investment
abroad was worth $884 billion.
 Australia’s two-way trade in goods
and services was valued at $454
billion in 2007.
 Australia’s exports of goods and
services grew by 3.8 per cent to $218
billion in 2007, about 20 per cent of
Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

17.  Egalitarianism - it creates a society that avoids
differentiation between individuals.
 Openness - Australians on the whole, receptive to
new ideas and encourage lively discussion or
debate
 Individualism - Importance is given to personal
privacy and the segregation of the public and
private life of individuals.

18. Do’s
 DO partake in some initial “small talk” before a business
meeting begins.
 DO keep a certain amount of distance when in conversation
with your Australian counterparts.
 DO maintain good, direct eye contact with your Australian
colleagues during all business meetings and conversations as
this helps to establish trust.

19. Don’ts
DON’T over exaggerate or boast about your company’s
abilities or build up business information.
DON’T discuss aspects of your personal life during business
negotiations. Privacy is an important element of everyday
life in Australia.
DON’T use aggressive sales techniques whilst negotiating