The document reports on the results of experiments measuring the roughness of surfaces bombarded with ions at different energies. The following key results are reported:
1) Bombarding a pristine surface with a roughness of 5.35 nm with ions at energies of 500 eV, 700 eV, 1000 eV and 1200 eV resulted in reduced surface roughnesses of 13 nm, 8 nm, 20 nm, and 24 nm respectively.
2) Exposure of samples to ion bombardment for times ranging from 15 to 60 minutes led to an increase in surface roughness over time.
3) Bombardment of samples with increasing ion fluence from 2.5x1018 cm-2 to 1.0x1019 cm-
This document discusses combining magnetron sputtering plasma and ion source plasma technologies. It shows views of a system that uses both a magnetron sputtering process and ion source, as well as a full view of the combined system and a view of the combined system connected to a power controller rack.
This document discusses components for vacuum systems, including a magnetron gun, main chamber, load lock, components from the DST Project, a turbo molecular pump, and an ion source chamber as well as referencing another project.
1) The document summarizes research on using low-energy ion beams to induce morphological transitions in binary mixtures.
2) Experiments were conducted on CoxSi1-x mixtures using argon ion irradiation. Different energies, fluences, compositions, and angles of incidence resulted in transitions between nano- to microscale patterns including dots, ripples, and hierarchical structures.
3) Compositional variations were also observed, with cobalt enrichment occurring at pattern peaks. This showed that ion irradiation can induce stoichiometric rearrangements in the bulk of binary materials.
Sputtering yield and nanopattern formation study of BNSiO2 (Borosil) at eleva...Dr. Basanta Kumar Parida
Lower sputtering yield of the discharge wall material is a crucial parameter for the performance of Hall Effect Thruster (HET) [1, 2]. In this article, we report the sputtering yield of HET wall
material BNSiO2 (borosil) at elevated temperature ~600 °C using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). We observe a linear increase in the sputtering yield with temperature and it remains stable during long duration experiments using Xe ions. Two different crystallographic orientations of borosil give a
slight variation in the yield. The higher yields for higher operating temperatures is proposed to be due to the thermal spike nature. Microscopic surface morphology shows only different grains of BNSiO2, however high resolution nanoscopic view reveals the formation of nanoripple like structures over different grains [3]. The periodicity of such features increases with ion dose (sputtering time) and temperature in the range of 70-190 nm. Local curvature dependent erosion plays crucial role in such pattern formation [4].
Reference:
1. D.M. Goebel, I. Katz, Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion, Ion and Hall Thrusters, 2008.
2. M. Ranjan, A. Sharma, A. Vaid, T. Bhatt, V. Nandalan, M.G. James, H. Revathi, S. Mukherjee, AIP
Adv. 6 (2016) 95224
3. R. M. Bradley, J.M.E. Harper, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 6 (1988) 2390
4. B. K. Parida, Sooraj K P, S. Hans, V. Pachchigar, S. Augustine, Remyamol T, M. R. Ajith, M. Ranjan;
Nucl. Inst and Methods B, 514 (2022) 1-7
This document lists the names of various Hindu goddesses and deities in Odia, including Maa Ful Sundari, Kadambabandhi, Gajamuhan, Katak Chandi, Maa Mangala, Maa Biraja, Maa Charchika, Maa Samalei Sambalpur, Baba Akhandalamani, Maa Shyamakali, Maa Baatamangala, Budhithakurani, Bhandaragharani, Bhagabati, Kalia Saanta, Sudarshana, Jagannath, Maa Kanakamani Mauli, Purunaa Patnana Thakurani, Sures
Low energy ion beam nanopatterning of CoxSi1-x Surfaces -Thesis Defense seminarDr. Basanta Kumar Parida
The document summarizes a defense seminar presentation on low energy ion beam nanopatterning of CoxSi1-x surfaces. It discusses various topics related to ion beam nanopatterning including experimental aspects, the effect of ion energy and fluence on morphology, the influence of ion species and incidence angle, and theoretical modeling. It provides details on the deposition of CoxSi1-x films, the ion irradiation experimental setup using different ion sources, and characterization techniques. Morphological transitions from ripples to dots are observed with increasing ion energy or decreasing fluence. Ion species and incidence angle are also found to influence pattern morphology.
The document reports on the results of experiments measuring the roughness of surfaces bombarded with ions at different energies. The following key results are reported:
1) Bombarding a pristine surface with a roughness of 5.35 nm with ions at energies of 500 eV, 700 eV, 1000 eV and 1200 eV resulted in reduced surface roughnesses of 13 nm, 8 nm, 20 nm, and 24 nm respectively.
2) Exposure of samples to ion bombardment for times ranging from 15 to 60 minutes led to an increase in surface roughness over time.
3) Bombardment of samples with increasing ion fluence from 2.5x1018 cm-2 to 1.0x1019 cm-
This document discusses combining magnetron sputtering plasma and ion source plasma technologies. It shows views of a system that uses both a magnetron sputtering process and ion source, as well as a full view of the combined system and a view of the combined system connected to a power controller rack.
This document discusses components for vacuum systems, including a magnetron gun, main chamber, load lock, components from the DST Project, a turbo molecular pump, and an ion source chamber as well as referencing another project.
1) The document summarizes research on using low-energy ion beams to induce morphological transitions in binary mixtures.
2) Experiments were conducted on CoxSi1-x mixtures using argon ion irradiation. Different energies, fluences, compositions, and angles of incidence resulted in transitions between nano- to microscale patterns including dots, ripples, and hierarchical structures.
3) Compositional variations were also observed, with cobalt enrichment occurring at pattern peaks. This showed that ion irradiation can induce stoichiometric rearrangements in the bulk of binary materials.
Sputtering yield and nanopattern formation study of BNSiO2 (Borosil) at eleva...Dr. Basanta Kumar Parida
Lower sputtering yield of the discharge wall material is a crucial parameter for the performance of Hall Effect Thruster (HET) [1, 2]. In this article, we report the sputtering yield of HET wall
material BNSiO2 (borosil) at elevated temperature ~600 °C using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). We observe a linear increase in the sputtering yield with temperature and it remains stable during long duration experiments using Xe ions. Two different crystallographic orientations of borosil give a
slight variation in the yield. The higher yields for higher operating temperatures is proposed to be due to the thermal spike nature. Microscopic surface morphology shows only different grains of BNSiO2, however high resolution nanoscopic view reveals the formation of nanoripple like structures over different grains [3]. The periodicity of such features increases with ion dose (sputtering time) and temperature in the range of 70-190 nm. Local curvature dependent erosion plays crucial role in such pattern formation [4].
Reference:
1. D.M. Goebel, I. Katz, Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion, Ion and Hall Thrusters, 2008.
2. M. Ranjan, A. Sharma, A. Vaid, T. Bhatt, V. Nandalan, M.G. James, H. Revathi, S. Mukherjee, AIP
Adv. 6 (2016) 95224
3. R. M. Bradley, J.M.E. Harper, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 6 (1988) 2390
4. B. K. Parida, Sooraj K P, S. Hans, V. Pachchigar, S. Augustine, Remyamol T, M. R. Ajith, M. Ranjan;
Nucl. Inst and Methods B, 514 (2022) 1-7
This document lists the names of various Hindu goddesses and deities in Odia, including Maa Ful Sundari, Kadambabandhi, Gajamuhan, Katak Chandi, Maa Mangala, Maa Biraja, Maa Charchika, Maa Samalei Sambalpur, Baba Akhandalamani, Maa Shyamakali, Maa Baatamangala, Budhithakurani, Bhandaragharani, Bhagabati, Kalia Saanta, Sudarshana, Jagannath, Maa Kanakamani Mauli, Purunaa Patnana Thakurani, Sures
Low energy ion beam nanopatterning of CoxSi1-x Surfaces -Thesis Defense seminarDr. Basanta Kumar Parida
The document summarizes a defense seminar presentation on low energy ion beam nanopatterning of CoxSi1-x surfaces. It discusses various topics related to ion beam nanopatterning including experimental aspects, the effect of ion energy and fluence on morphology, the influence of ion species and incidence angle, and theoretical modeling. It provides details on the deposition of CoxSi1-x films, the ion irradiation experimental setup using different ion sources, and characterization techniques. Morphological transitions from ripples to dots are observed with increasing ion energy or decreasing fluence. Ion species and incidence angle are also found to influence pattern morphology.
The document summarizes research on ion beam nanostructuring of CoxSi1-x binary surfaces and the role of stoichiometry and sample swinging. It discusses (1) how the initial stoichiometry affects pattern evolution, with ripples forming within a narrow stoichiometric window, (2) how substrate swinging introduces anisotropic surface modification and lateral mass transport, affecting morphology. Future work is proposed to better understand mobility effects, silicide formation roles, and potential magnetic and electrical applications of patterned binary surfaces.
Particle physics is the branch of physics that studies subatomic particles and their interactions. By 1932, the four known elementary particles were the electron, proton, photon, and neutron. Elementary particles are the fundamental building blocks of the universe and have well-documented properties including mass, charge, spin, and lifetime. Some particles decay into others of smaller mass through weak interactions. Quarks are elementary particles that combine to form composite hadrons like protons and neutrons, and have properties like charge, mass, and six flavors including up, down, strange, charm, bottom, and top. Strangeness is a quantum number denoting the presence of a strange quark and is conserved in strong and electromagnetic interactions.
The document discusses electrolytic processes and smelting used in aluminum production. Bauxite ore is first mined and processed through crushing, milling, and the Bayer process to produce alumina. The alumina is then smelted using the Hall-Heroult process where aluminum ions are reduced at the cathode using an electrolytic cell with carbon anodes and molten cryolite as the electrolyte. Heat over 900°C is required for the electrolytic reduction to produce liquid aluminum and oxygen gas. Images and videos show various stages of the aluminum production process.
The document discusses electrolytic processes and smelting. It describes how electrolysis uses DC current to drive non-spontaneous chemical reactions. Smelting involves extracting metals from ores using heat and chemical reducing agents to remove oxygen and produce the pure elemental metal. Specifically, aluminum smelting converts bauxite into alumina using the Bayer process, then uses the Hall-Heroult process to electrolytically reduce alumina at high temperatures into liquid aluminum using carbon anodes and aluminum cathodes in a molten electrolyte bath.
1) Ion beam irradiation was used to nanopattern a Co-Si binary mixture, producing nanoripples that transitioned to mounds at higher fluence. Swinging the substrate during irradiation led to the formation of cauliflower-like structures.
2) Current-voltage measurements on the patterns showed diode-like behavior. Resistance increased with pattern ordering and decreased with larger macro roughness at higher fluence.
3) Swinging speed was found to have an optimum value that roughened the surface more than no swinging or very slow/fast swinging, due to anisotropic mass transport induced by the swinging motion.
This document provides information about an Oriya dictionary published in 1841 containing an English-Oriya dictionary, grammar, and list of official terms. It was later converted to an electronic version in 2009 by an organization called Srujanika. The document also contains copyright information and notes that the electronic version is free to redistribute and modify with acknowledgement to the developers under the GNU license.
The document summarizes research on ion beam nanostructuring of CoxSi1-x binary surfaces and the role of stoichiometry and sample swinging. It discusses (1) how the initial stoichiometry affects pattern evolution, with ripples forming within a narrow stoichiometric window, (2) how substrate swinging introduces anisotropic surface modification and lateral mass transport, affecting morphology. Future work is proposed to better understand mobility effects, silicide formation roles, and potential magnetic and electrical applications of patterned binary surfaces.
Particle physics is the branch of physics that studies subatomic particles and their interactions. By 1932, the four known elementary particles were the electron, proton, photon, and neutron. Elementary particles are the fundamental building blocks of the universe and have well-documented properties including mass, charge, spin, and lifetime. Some particles decay into others of smaller mass through weak interactions. Quarks are elementary particles that combine to form composite hadrons like protons and neutrons, and have properties like charge, mass, and six flavors including up, down, strange, charm, bottom, and top. Strangeness is a quantum number denoting the presence of a strange quark and is conserved in strong and electromagnetic interactions.
The document discusses electrolytic processes and smelting used in aluminum production. Bauxite ore is first mined and processed through crushing, milling, and the Bayer process to produce alumina. The alumina is then smelted using the Hall-Heroult process where aluminum ions are reduced at the cathode using an electrolytic cell with carbon anodes and molten cryolite as the electrolyte. Heat over 900°C is required for the electrolytic reduction to produce liquid aluminum and oxygen gas. Images and videos show various stages of the aluminum production process.
The document discusses electrolytic processes and smelting. It describes how electrolysis uses DC current to drive non-spontaneous chemical reactions. Smelting involves extracting metals from ores using heat and chemical reducing agents to remove oxygen and produce the pure elemental metal. Specifically, aluminum smelting converts bauxite into alumina using the Bayer process, then uses the Hall-Heroult process to electrolytically reduce alumina at high temperatures into liquid aluminum using carbon anodes and aluminum cathodes in a molten electrolyte bath.
1) Ion beam irradiation was used to nanopattern a Co-Si binary mixture, producing nanoripples that transitioned to mounds at higher fluence. Swinging the substrate during irradiation led to the formation of cauliflower-like structures.
2) Current-voltage measurements on the patterns showed diode-like behavior. Resistance increased with pattern ordering and decreased with larger macro roughness at higher fluence.
3) Swinging speed was found to have an optimum value that roughened the surface more than no swinging or very slow/fast swinging, due to anisotropic mass transport induced by the swinging motion.
This document provides information about an Oriya dictionary published in 1841 containing an English-Oriya dictionary, grammar, and list of official terms. It was later converted to an electronic version in 2009 by an organization called Srujanika. The document also contains copyright information and notes that the electronic version is free to redistribute and modify with acknowledgement to the developers under the GNU license.
5. 9-Oct-20
5
Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
What is a Molecule?
A molecule is in general a group of two or
more atoms that are chemically bonded
together, that is, tightly held together by
attractive forces. A molecule can be defined
as the smallest particle of an element or a
compound that is capable of an independent
existence and shows all the properties of that
substance. Atoms of the same element or of
different elements can join together to form
molecules.
ଅଣୁ କ’ଣ?
ଅଣୁ ହେଉଛି ହମୌଳିକ କିମବା ହଯୌଗିକର କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ରତମ କଣିକା
ଯାୋ ସ୍ୱାଧୀନ ଭାବହର ରେିବାକୁ ସମର୍ଥ | ହମୌଳିକ ଅଣୁ
ସମଜାତୀୟ ପରମାଣୁହର ଗଠିତ , ହଯୌଗିକର ଅଣୁ ଏକାଧିକ
ଅସମଜାତୀୟ ପରମାଣୁ କୁ ହନଇ ଗଠିତ
7. 9-Oct-20
7
Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
Just like atom is having atomic mass
Molecules do have Molecular Mass
ଡ୍େପରାଇି ପରାଇମାଣୁଡ୍ରାଇ ପାରାଇମାଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ
୍ୁହାୋଏ ଡ୍େମିତି ଅଣୁଗୁଡି୍ଡ୍ରାଇ ଆଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ
୍ୁହାୋଏ
• Molecular mass of hydrogen chloride
• 𝐻𝐶𝑙-1+35.5=36.5 amu or u
• ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ୍ ଡ୍୍ଲାରାଇାଇ ଆଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ
• 𝐻𝐶𝑙-1+35.5=36.5 amu or u
• Water (H2O) molecular mass
• 2H+O-21+16=18u
• େଳରାଇ ଆଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ
• 2H+O-21+16=18u