Atom structure
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The document discusses the history and structure of the atom. It describes how early scientists like Dalton proposed the first atomic theory with atoms as indivisible particles. Experiments by Thomson, Rutherford and Bohr then led to the discovery that atoms have a tiny, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons, with Bohr proposing his model of electron shells and quantum theory to explain atomic structure and spectra. Bohr's model revolutionized understanding of atoms and remains influential today.
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1) In the late 19th century, Marie Curie discovered radioactivity through her research on uranium and later isolated the elements polonium and radium.
2) There are three types of radiation that can be emitted from radioactive elements: alpha, beta, and gamma rays, which were later used for applications like cancer treatment.
3) In the 1930s, scientists like James Chadwick discovered the neutron, and researchers like Fermi, Meitner, Hahn and Strassmann discovered that bombarding uranium with neutrons could split the atom, a process known as nuclear fission.
Rutherford theory
1. Rutherford continued Lenard's experiment by firing positively charged particles at a gold foil.
2. He discovered that most particles passed through the foil, but some were deflected or bounced back, indicating a small, dense nucleus at the atom's center.
3. This led Rutherford to propose his nuclear model of the atom, where electrons orbit a tiny, massive nucleus - overturning Thomson's "plum pudding" model. However, his theory did not explain how electrons can orbit the nucleus without radiating energy.
RUTHERFORD ALPHA PARTICLE SCATTERING EXPERIMENT AND HIS MODEL OF AN ATOM
This Presention is based on the Ruherfod Experiment Alpha scattering Experiment And his Model Of an Atom
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This document summarizes an investigatory project on developing a facial scrub called Skinnex. It discusses why research is important, the scientific method, characteristics of good research, and types of research. It provides details on the ingredients used in Skinnex, which are baking soda, oatmeal, grapes, and water. An interview method was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the product by asking questions about its application and effects.
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1) In the late 19th century, Marie Curie discovered radioactivity through her research on uranium and later isolated the elements polonium and radium.
2) There are three types of radiation that can be emitted from radioactive elements: alpha, beta, and gamma rays, which were later used for applications like cancer treatment.
3) In the 1930s, scientists like James Chadwick discovered the neutron, and researchers like Fermi, Meitner, Hahn and Strassmann discovered that bombarding uranium with neutrons could split the atom, a process known as nuclear fission.
Rutherford theory
1. Rutherford continued Lenard's experiment by firing positively charged particles at a gold foil.
2. He discovered that most particles passed through the foil, but some were deflected or bounced back, indicating a small, dense nucleus at the atom's center.
3. This led Rutherford to propose his nuclear model of the atom, where electrons orbit a tiny, massive nucleus - overturning Thomson's "plum pudding" model. However, his theory did not explain how electrons can orbit the nucleus without radiating energy.
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Struture of an atom
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This document appears to be a student's chemistry project report on studying the digestion of starch by salivary amylase and the effects of temperature and pH on this process. It includes sections on objectives, introduction, materials, procedures, observations, and conclusions for 3 experiments. The first experiment examines the digestion of starch by saliva over time. The second analyzes the impact of temperature. The third evaluates the impact of pH. The report was guided by a teacher and examines the student's investigation on how salivary amylase breaks down starch at different temperatures and pH levels.
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this is a project for class 12 boards for chemistry subject on analysis of honey.it will be very helpful for students who are searching for chemistry project
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Atoms are the basic building blocks of all matter. John Dalton proposed that atoms are indivisible and identical for each element. Rutherford discovered that atoms have a small, dense nucleus at the center surrounded by electrons. Niels Bohr modeled atoms with electrons orbiting the nucleus in fixed energy levels or shells. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, while electrons orbit outside. The number of protons determines the element, and protons and neutrons together equal the mass number.
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2) It outlines the discovery of subatomic particles like electrons, protons, and neutrons through experiments by Thomson, Rutherford, and Chadwick.
3) It explains how atoms are distinguished based on their number of protons (atomic number) and total nuclear particles (mass number), including definitions of isotopes.
4) It provides an overview of how Mendeleev organized the periodic table and how this has been refined, including the organization of groups and periods.
Chemistry project work
The document is a student project on drugs and addiction. It contains 3 sections:
1) It defines drugs and describes their medical and non-medical uses which can lead to dependence.
2) It classifies common drugs like sedatives, opiates, stimulants and hallucinogens and provides examples of each with their effects.
3) It discusses how drug addiction begins and the social impacts of smoking, drinking and drug use. It also outlines the sources and effects of tobacco, alcohol and their harmful components.
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- The document is a chemistry project submitted by a student named Tarun Malhotra analyzing samples of brass and bronze through qualitative analysis.
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chemistry project for class 12 on analysis of honey
chemistry project for class 12 on analysis of honey
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