Astrocytoma glioblastoma cells
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This study examined the accumulation of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. In vitro experiments demonstrated that human macrophages actively take up fluorescent-labeled SPIO particles over 24 hours in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In vivo studies in mice and rabbit models of atherosclerosis found SPIO particles in macrophage-rich areas of plaques, with a strong correlation between iron staining and foam cell density. Cytokine treatment increased SPIO uptake in plaques. The results suggest MRI using SPIO has potential for noninvasively assessing monocyte recruitment in vulnerable plaques.Ricenano
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●What is ECG or EKG?
●ECG Leads
●Normal waves of ECG.
●Dimensions of ECG.
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Lead 2- Between right arm(-ve) and left leg(+ve)
Lead 3- Between left arm(-ve)
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Cause: Atrial depolarisation
Duration: 0.1 sec
QRS Complex:
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‘R’ wave is followed by a small negative wave, the ‘S’ wave.
Cause:Ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
Duration: 0.08- 0.10 sec
T Wave:
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Duration:0.18 (0.12 to 0.2) sec
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and ventricular repolarization,
i.e. it signifies the
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Duration:0.4-0.42sec
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Duration: 0.08 sec
R-R Interval:
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Duration: 0.8 sec
Dimension of ECG:
How to find heart rhytm of the heart?
Regular rhytm:
Irregular rhytm:
More than or less than 4
How to find heart rate using ECG?
If heart Rhytm is Regular :
Heart rate =
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= 300/4
=75 beats/mins
How to find heart rate using ECG?
If heart Rhytm is irregular:
Heart rate = 10×No.of QRS complex in 6 sec 5large box = 1sec
5×6=30
10×7 = 70 Beats/min
Abnormalities of ECG:
Cardiac Arrythmias:
1.Tachycardia
Heart Rate more than 100 beats/min
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