KEYNOTE ADDRESS: Achieving the Maputo Declaration Target and Prioritizing Public Agricultural Expenditures, presented by Godfrey Bahiigwa, ReSAKSS Africawide Coordinator, IFPRI at the 2013 ReSAKSS annual ReSAKSS conference
By Gert-Jan Stads, ASTI program coordinator, International Food Policy Research Institute.
Presented at the Development Partners Business Meeting on CAADP
Brussels | 5–6 February 2013
2020 ReSAKSS Conference - Plenary Session II—Enabling Environment for Transfo...AKADEMIYA2063
Presentation on "Aligning Macroeconomic Policies for Agricultural Transformation in Africa" Dr. Abebe Shimeles, Director of Research at African Economic Research Consortium (AERC)
Ayala upse forum the state of the economy-29_jan2015_finalnedaph
The Philippine economy has experienced a resurgence in growth since 2010, with average growth of 6.3% from 2010-2014. This is the highest 5-year average growth in over 40 years. Private consumption and the services sector have driven growth, though investment and industry are becoming larger drivers. While growth has been strong, poverty and employment remain challenges. Deepening reforms are needed to sustain growth and make it more inclusive, such as increasing infrastructure spending, investing in human capital, improving disaster preparedness, and addressing conflicts.
The Philippine Economy: Progress, Challenges, Strategies by Secretary Arsenio...nedaphils
Socioeconomic Planning Secretary and NEDA Director General Arsenio M. Balisacan's statement during the press briefing in Malacañang on February 17, 2014 on the Philippine economy and poverty reduction roadmap.
Investment Grade Philippines: Seizing Opportunities to Achieve Inclusive GrowthArangkada Philippines
The document summarizes the macroeconomic performance and outlook of the Philippines. It notes that the Philippine economy sustained robust growth in the first half of 2013, supported by sound macroeconomic fundamentals including low and stable inflation, a favorable interest rate environment, a sound banking system, and sustainable fiscal and external positions. It discusses key drivers of growth as well as risks, and emphasizes the need to improve social outcomes like employment generation and poverty reduction to achieve inclusive growth. Priority sectors for supporting inclusive growth are also highlighted.
ASTI collects primary data for low- and middle-income countries through national institutional surveys and in recent years has collected detailed quantitative data on a large number of South Asian and sub-Saharan African countries. In efforts to fill some of the geographical gaps for other regions, ASTI has been collaborating with the GFAR, AARINENA, APAARI, CACAARI, FORAGRO and a network of national partners to collect additional data for the development of an accurate assessment of public agricultural R&D spending at the global level.
Visit the conference site for more information: http://www.egfar.org/gcard-2012
KEYNOTE ADDRESS: Achieving the Maputo Declaration Target and Prioritizing Public Agricultural Expenditures, presented by Godfrey Bahiigwa, ReSAKSS Africawide Coordinator, IFPRI at the 2013 ReSAKSS annual ReSAKSS conference
By Gert-Jan Stads, ASTI program coordinator, International Food Policy Research Institute.
Presented at the Development Partners Business Meeting on CAADP
Brussels | 5–6 February 2013
2020 ReSAKSS Conference - Plenary Session II—Enabling Environment for Transfo...AKADEMIYA2063
Presentation on "Aligning Macroeconomic Policies for Agricultural Transformation in Africa" Dr. Abebe Shimeles, Director of Research at African Economic Research Consortium (AERC)
Ayala upse forum the state of the economy-29_jan2015_finalnedaph
The Philippine economy has experienced a resurgence in growth since 2010, with average growth of 6.3% from 2010-2014. This is the highest 5-year average growth in over 40 years. Private consumption and the services sector have driven growth, though investment and industry are becoming larger drivers. While growth has been strong, poverty and employment remain challenges. Deepening reforms are needed to sustain growth and make it more inclusive, such as increasing infrastructure spending, investing in human capital, improving disaster preparedness, and addressing conflicts.
The Philippine Economy: Progress, Challenges, Strategies by Secretary Arsenio...nedaphils
Socioeconomic Planning Secretary and NEDA Director General Arsenio M. Balisacan's statement during the press briefing in Malacañang on February 17, 2014 on the Philippine economy and poverty reduction roadmap.
Investment Grade Philippines: Seizing Opportunities to Achieve Inclusive GrowthArangkada Philippines
The document summarizes the macroeconomic performance and outlook of the Philippines. It notes that the Philippine economy sustained robust growth in the first half of 2013, supported by sound macroeconomic fundamentals including low and stable inflation, a favorable interest rate environment, a sound banking system, and sustainable fiscal and external positions. It discusses key drivers of growth as well as risks, and emphasizes the need to improve social outcomes like employment generation and poverty reduction to achieve inclusive growth. Priority sectors for supporting inclusive growth are also highlighted.
ASTI collects primary data for low- and middle-income countries through national institutional surveys and in recent years has collected detailed quantitative data on a large number of South Asian and sub-Saharan African countries. In efforts to fill some of the geographical gaps for other regions, ASTI has been collaborating with the GFAR, AARINENA, APAARI, CACAARI, FORAGRO and a network of national partners to collect additional data for the development of an accurate assessment of public agricultural R&D spending at the global level.
Visit the conference site for more information: http://www.egfar.org/gcard-2012
The Philippine economy is expected to continue strong growth in the coming years, driven by robust consumer spending, increased investment, and sustained government spending. Inflation will remain low and interest rates are expected to stay at current levels, supporting economic activity. The current account surplus and prudent fiscal management have improved the country's credit ratings and investment environment.
This document analyzes the effect of public investments on maize and cereal productivity using cross-country panel data. It finds that maize yields in Africa continue to lag other regions. The study uses data on government expenditures, agricultural production, trade, prices, GDP and more to estimate seemingly unrelated regression models examining the impact of sector-specific public spending on crop performance over time. Descriptive results show cereal yields increasing over decades but varying by region, and total government expenditures shifting toward social services while agricultural spending declines. Econometric analysis controls for factors like improved seeds, prices, education and infrastructure to identify the effects of different types of public spending on technology, human capital and market functions.
Jeske van Seters
Deputy Programme Manager Food Security, ECDPM
Ten Years After the Maputo Declaration on Agriculture and
Food Security in Africa: Dialogue on Progress in West Africa
11- 14 September 2013, Monrovia - Liberia
Vietnam faces challenges in rural development as it transitions to middle-income status. Agricultural productivity and competitiveness remains low despite high growth. Poverty persists in remote, upland areas and among ethnic groups. The government has issued Resolution No. 26 to reform agriculture and maintain growth, but lacks plans to operationalize its vision. IFAD and IFPRI propose conducting analyses to inform policy, including poverty impact assessments, rural development modeling, and indices to promote pro-poor agricultural investment. They also offer to support Vietnam in developing climate change adaptation and mitigation plans through vulnerability assessments and models to introduce climate-smart agricultural practices.
Inter-temporal Trends and Patterns in Agricultural Investment spending in Southern Africa, presented by Greenwell Matchaya (ReSAKSS-SA Project Coordinator) at
The 2013 Southern Africa Regional Dialogue on Agriculture,
05-06 November 2013
By Gert-Jan Stads, ASTI Program Coordinator, International Food Policy Research Institute. Presentation given at ASTI seminar at CIAT, Cali, Colombia, August 27, 2012
The COVID-19 pandemic has given the biggest blow to the world economy after the great depression
1930s.Around 60% of the world population is either under severe or partial lockdown without having medical
solution to the coronavirus and affected the industrial sector severely.The impact is severe on
trade,manufacturing and MSMEs.Manufacturing sector may shrink from 5.5%to 20%,exports from 13.7% to
20.8%,imports from 17.3% to25%and MSMEs net value added (NVA) from 2.1%to5.7% in 2020
"ReSAKSS Regional Analysis on Agricultural Expenditures and Agricultural Policy Bias: Southern Africa", presentation by Babatunde Omilola and Melissa Lambert. April, 2009.
"ReSAKSS Regional Analysis on Agricultural Expenditures and Agricultural Policy Bias: West Africa", presentation by Babatunde Omilola and Melissa Lambert. April, 2009.
South africa macro economic_presentationmalay1aero
The document provides an overview of the macroeconomic environment and key indicators of South Africa. It discusses South Africa's GDP, which contracted 1.3% in the second quarter of 2015, as well as consumer inflation rates and unemployment levels. Several sectors are highlighted as driving the economy, including finance, mining, and manufacturing. Opportunities for investment are also listed across sectors such as IT, textiles, and agro-processing. Fiscal and monetary policies, including government spending, taxation rates, and trade data, are reviewed. Doing business in South Africa is examined, finding some regulatory differences between major cities.
This document discusses agriculture's role in inclusive growth in Uganda. It makes the following key points:
1) Agriculture is critical for poverty reduction and inclusive growth in developing countries like Uganda. Successful countries have raised agricultural productivity and transitioned farmers from subsistence to commercial agriculture.
2) Uganda has had mixed success promoting smallholder commercialization. Exports of high-value crops did well but staple foods faced challenges due to transaction costs. More public goods are needed to improve conditions.
3) National accounts likely underestimated recent agricultural growth. Poverty declined significantly while inflation remained lower than neighbors reporting higher agricultural growth. More targeted interventions are still needed but the focus on private goods over facilitating the private sector is
By Hans P. Binswanger-Mkhize, Derek Byerlee, Alex McCalla, Michael Morris and John Staatz. Presented at the ASTI-FARA conference Agricultural R&D: Investing in Africa's Future: Analyzing Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities - Accra, Ghana, December 5-7, 2011. http://www.asti.cgiar.org/2011conf
Homi Kharas
FAO IFPRI Special Event
Discussion on the Key Findings of FAO's 2017 "State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World" Report
OCT 5, 2017 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
Political risk outlook investment pack - August 2014Damian Karmelich
The Political Monitor August political risk outlook investment pack includes the Australian Political Risk Index, political risk spreads, country risk analysis for China, India and Indonesia, an examination of geo-political events on oil prices and a review of political risk across Africa.
Universal coverage of essential health services in sub Saharan Africa: projec...HFG Project
The first decade of the new millennium brought high-level advocacy to mobilize more funding for health coupled with unprecedented economic growth in some African countries. Given the region’s healthy economic outlook, will countries have adequate domestic resources for basic health services by 2020? USAID’s Health Finance and Governance project looked into sub-Saharan Africa’s health financing outlook by projecting domestic health spending per capita to 2020 and comparing it to an internationally-accepted target ($60 per capita) for universal coverage of a package of essential health services. The analysis modeled two assumptions: 1) domestic health spending continuing to increase in line with current economic growth and 2) countries moving aggressively towards fulfilling their Abuja commitment (15% of the government expenditure). Under the economic growth assumption alone, the projections indicate that a little over half of the countries will be spending over USD 60 per capita by 2020. In this presentation, Dr. Carlos Avila discussed the results of the analysis and reaffirmed the need for complementary actions to improve equity and efficiency in addition to resource mobilization.
“IFPRI Egypt Webinars” is a special edition of the IFPRI Egypt Seminar Series funded by USAID. This webinar took place under the title of “COVID-19 and social protection: from effective crisis protection to self-reliance”
This document summarizes findings from a study on trends in public agricultural research and development (R&D) spending in Africa south of the Sahara between 1981-2011. Key findings include: 1) Total public agricultural R&D spending increased over 35% from 2000-2011 but remains below recommended levels. 2) Growth has been uneven, with a handful of countries like Nigeria, Uganda, and Ethiopia driving increases. 3) Many countries spend far less than 1% of agricultural GDP on R&D. 4) Funding is volatile and fragmented across many small agencies. The conclusion calls for more stable, sufficient funding and building research capacity to achieve future growth targets.
Tracking Investments in CAADP’s Pillar IV Public agricultural R&D spending tr...IFPRI Africa
Tracking Investments in CAADP’s Pillar IV
Public agricultural R&D spending trends inAfrica South of the Sahara
Nienke Beintema and Gert-Jan Stads
International Food Policy Research Institute
The Philippine economy is expected to continue strong growth in the coming years, driven by robust consumer spending, increased investment, and sustained government spending. Inflation will remain low and interest rates are expected to stay at current levels, supporting economic activity. The current account surplus and prudent fiscal management have improved the country's credit ratings and investment environment.
This document analyzes the effect of public investments on maize and cereal productivity using cross-country panel data. It finds that maize yields in Africa continue to lag other regions. The study uses data on government expenditures, agricultural production, trade, prices, GDP and more to estimate seemingly unrelated regression models examining the impact of sector-specific public spending on crop performance over time. Descriptive results show cereal yields increasing over decades but varying by region, and total government expenditures shifting toward social services while agricultural spending declines. Econometric analysis controls for factors like improved seeds, prices, education and infrastructure to identify the effects of different types of public spending on technology, human capital and market functions.
Jeske van Seters
Deputy Programme Manager Food Security, ECDPM
Ten Years After the Maputo Declaration on Agriculture and
Food Security in Africa: Dialogue on Progress in West Africa
11- 14 September 2013, Monrovia - Liberia
Vietnam faces challenges in rural development as it transitions to middle-income status. Agricultural productivity and competitiveness remains low despite high growth. Poverty persists in remote, upland areas and among ethnic groups. The government has issued Resolution No. 26 to reform agriculture and maintain growth, but lacks plans to operationalize its vision. IFAD and IFPRI propose conducting analyses to inform policy, including poverty impact assessments, rural development modeling, and indices to promote pro-poor agricultural investment. They also offer to support Vietnam in developing climate change adaptation and mitigation plans through vulnerability assessments and models to introduce climate-smart agricultural practices.
Inter-temporal Trends and Patterns in Agricultural Investment spending in Southern Africa, presented by Greenwell Matchaya (ReSAKSS-SA Project Coordinator) at
The 2013 Southern Africa Regional Dialogue on Agriculture,
05-06 November 2013
By Gert-Jan Stads, ASTI Program Coordinator, International Food Policy Research Institute. Presentation given at ASTI seminar at CIAT, Cali, Colombia, August 27, 2012
The COVID-19 pandemic has given the biggest blow to the world economy after the great depression
1930s.Around 60% of the world population is either under severe or partial lockdown without having medical
solution to the coronavirus and affected the industrial sector severely.The impact is severe on
trade,manufacturing and MSMEs.Manufacturing sector may shrink from 5.5%to 20%,exports from 13.7% to
20.8%,imports from 17.3% to25%and MSMEs net value added (NVA) from 2.1%to5.7% in 2020
"ReSAKSS Regional Analysis on Agricultural Expenditures and Agricultural Policy Bias: Southern Africa", presentation by Babatunde Omilola and Melissa Lambert. April, 2009.
"ReSAKSS Regional Analysis on Agricultural Expenditures and Agricultural Policy Bias: West Africa", presentation by Babatunde Omilola and Melissa Lambert. April, 2009.
South africa macro economic_presentationmalay1aero
The document provides an overview of the macroeconomic environment and key indicators of South Africa. It discusses South Africa's GDP, which contracted 1.3% in the second quarter of 2015, as well as consumer inflation rates and unemployment levels. Several sectors are highlighted as driving the economy, including finance, mining, and manufacturing. Opportunities for investment are also listed across sectors such as IT, textiles, and agro-processing. Fiscal and monetary policies, including government spending, taxation rates, and trade data, are reviewed. Doing business in South Africa is examined, finding some regulatory differences between major cities.
This document discusses agriculture's role in inclusive growth in Uganda. It makes the following key points:
1) Agriculture is critical for poverty reduction and inclusive growth in developing countries like Uganda. Successful countries have raised agricultural productivity and transitioned farmers from subsistence to commercial agriculture.
2) Uganda has had mixed success promoting smallholder commercialization. Exports of high-value crops did well but staple foods faced challenges due to transaction costs. More public goods are needed to improve conditions.
3) National accounts likely underestimated recent agricultural growth. Poverty declined significantly while inflation remained lower than neighbors reporting higher agricultural growth. More targeted interventions are still needed but the focus on private goods over facilitating the private sector is
By Hans P. Binswanger-Mkhize, Derek Byerlee, Alex McCalla, Michael Morris and John Staatz. Presented at the ASTI-FARA conference Agricultural R&D: Investing in Africa's Future: Analyzing Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities - Accra, Ghana, December 5-7, 2011. http://www.asti.cgiar.org/2011conf
Homi Kharas
FAO IFPRI Special Event
Discussion on the Key Findings of FAO's 2017 "State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World" Report
OCT 5, 2017 - 12:15 PM TO 01:45 PM EDT
Political risk outlook investment pack - August 2014Damian Karmelich
The Political Monitor August political risk outlook investment pack includes the Australian Political Risk Index, political risk spreads, country risk analysis for China, India and Indonesia, an examination of geo-political events on oil prices and a review of political risk across Africa.
Universal coverage of essential health services in sub Saharan Africa: projec...HFG Project
The first decade of the new millennium brought high-level advocacy to mobilize more funding for health coupled with unprecedented economic growth in some African countries. Given the region’s healthy economic outlook, will countries have adequate domestic resources for basic health services by 2020? USAID’s Health Finance and Governance project looked into sub-Saharan Africa’s health financing outlook by projecting domestic health spending per capita to 2020 and comparing it to an internationally-accepted target ($60 per capita) for universal coverage of a package of essential health services. The analysis modeled two assumptions: 1) domestic health spending continuing to increase in line with current economic growth and 2) countries moving aggressively towards fulfilling their Abuja commitment (15% of the government expenditure). Under the economic growth assumption alone, the projections indicate that a little over half of the countries will be spending over USD 60 per capita by 2020. In this presentation, Dr. Carlos Avila discussed the results of the analysis and reaffirmed the need for complementary actions to improve equity and efficiency in addition to resource mobilization.
“IFPRI Egypt Webinars” is a special edition of the IFPRI Egypt Seminar Series funded by USAID. This webinar took place under the title of “COVID-19 and social protection: from effective crisis protection to self-reliance”
This document summarizes findings from a study on trends in public agricultural research and development (R&D) spending in Africa south of the Sahara between 1981-2011. Key findings include: 1) Total public agricultural R&D spending increased over 35% from 2000-2011 but remains below recommended levels. 2) Growth has been uneven, with a handful of countries like Nigeria, Uganda, and Ethiopia driving increases. 3) Many countries spend far less than 1% of agricultural GDP on R&D. 4) Funding is volatile and fragmented across many small agencies. The conclusion calls for more stable, sufficient funding and building research capacity to achieve future growth targets.
Tracking Investments in CAADP’s Pillar IV Public agricultural R&D spending tr...IFPRI Africa
Tracking Investments in CAADP’s Pillar IV
Public agricultural R&D spending trends inAfrica South of the Sahara
Nienke Beintema and Gert-Jan Stads
International Food Policy Research Institute
Comprehensive Overview of Investment and Human Capacities in African Agricult...Hillary Hanson
- Agricultural research spending in Sub-Saharan Africa grew by 9% from 2011-2014 while the number of researchers grew by 15%, but spending growth was still four times slower than growth in overall agricultural spending.
- Conventional targets of investing 1% of agricultural GDP in research do not account for differences in country characteristics, and the ASTI has developed an intensity index to establish more tailored investment targets based on factors like income level and agricultural diversity.
- There remains a large investment gap of 39% between actual research spending in Sub-Saharan Africa and estimated attainable levels based on the intensity index.
Complying with the Maputo Declaration target: Trends in public agricultural e...IFPRI Africa
Complying with the Maputo Declaration target: Trends in public agricultural expenditures and implications for pursuit of optimal allocation of public agricultural spending - Godfrey Bahiigwa and Sam Benin, IFPRI
"Agricultural R&D Trends and Challenges in Mozambique", Antonieta Nhamusso, Workshop on Transformation of Agri-food Systems and Commercialization of Smallholder Agriculture in Mozambique: Evidence, Challenges and Implications Maputo, Mozambique, December 9, 2013
By Gert-Jan Stads, Senior Program Manager of Agricultural Science and Techonlogy Indicators (ASTI) at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). Presented at the U.S. Department of Agriculture - Economic Research Service (USDA-ERS) West Asia and North Africa (WANA) Region Seminar.
What determines public budgets for agricultural growth in the developing world?IFPRI-PIM
Webinar by Tewodaj Mogues, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) on Sept 26, 2017. See abstract here: https://pim.cgiar.org/2017/09/18/webinar-what-determines-public-budgets-for-agricultural-growth-in-the-developing-world/ Fourth webinar in PIM's 2017 series (https://pim.cgiar.org/2017/05/11/pim-monthly-webinars-may-october-2017/)
- African economies have seen strong GDP growth in recent decades, but agricultural productivity has lagged behind other regions. This is partly due to low levels of public spending on agriculture.
- Public investment in agriculture, agricultural research and development, rural infrastructure, and education have large positive impacts on agricultural growth, poverty reduction, and total factor productivity.
- The CAADP framework aims to increase agricultural spending to 10% of national budgets and achieve 6% annual agricultural growth. Several countries have increased agricultural spending, and global support for agriculture is also growing. Increased public spending can enhance agricultural and rural finance.
The WAAPP is presented as a model for sustainable investment in agricultural research for development in West Africa. It is a large-scale, government-funded project with strong regional coordination. It addresses challenges to agricultural productivity through agricultural research, capacity building, and disseminating technologies. The WAAPP has reached over 500,000 beneficiaries and developed 65 technologies, covering 230,000 hectares with improved technologies. It promotes regional cooperation and knowledge exchange.
Presentation of "Benchmarking Agricultural R&D Capabilities Across Countries", specially in Sub-Sahara Africa countries to the Meeting in Support of Scientific & Technical Partnerships in Africa at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in Washington, DC on September 29-30, 2014. Presented by Nienke Beintema, Program Head of the Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators (ASTI) initiative, which is led by IFPRI.
East Africa's Information Communication Technology OutlookKonstantin Makarov
This document provides an economic outlook for East Africa, focusing on key ICT trends. It finds that foreign direct investment is increasing in East Africa, particularly in consumer-facing sectors rather than extractives. ICT is emerging as a major growth catalyst for Africa's economies as cellphone innovations help link technology and commerce. The document then analyzes the economic and ICT outlooks of several East African countries - Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, and Ethiopia - finding both opportunities and challenges for digital economic growth across the region.
"Sustaining CAADP Momentum: Growth and Investment Analysis" presented by Godfrey Bahiigwa at 10th CAADP PP Meeting Durban, South Africa March 19-21, 2014
The document summarizes Nigeria's agricultural extension and advisory system. It finds that while Nigeria has significant agricultural potential due to its large population and arable land, small-scale farmers remain poorly served by the extension system. The system suffers from inadequate funding, staffing, and coordination between different levels of government. The document recommends strengthening policies and investment to improve the sustainability and impact of extension services, including greater participation of farmers and the private sector.
This document discusses Africa's economic growth acceleration since 2000 and business opportunities on the continent. Some key points:
- Africa's GDP grew at an average of 4.7% annually from 2000-2010, making it the third fastest growing region in the world. This was driven by commodity booms, greater stability, widespread reforms, and urbanization.
- Four sectors - infrastructure, agriculture, resources, and consumer facing - could represent combined revenues of $2.6 trillion by 2020, presenting significant business opportunities. Demand for food and agricultural production is also projected to greatly increase through 2030.
This document summarizes an analysis conducted by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization on estimating required investments in agricultural extension services to achieve zero hunger and climate change adaptation goals. It describes the methodology used, which involves developing a country-specific formula to calculate the needed number of extension agents based on socioeconomic indicators. Sample results are provided for several countries showing current spending, estimated required investments under baseline and climate change scenarios, and the gap. Regional averages are also estimated. The document discusses limitations and makes recommendations to improve data quality and test more efficient investment approaches.
This document summarizes an analysis conducted by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization on estimating required investments in agricultural extension services to achieve zero hunger and climate change adaptation goals. It describes the methodology used, which involves developing a country-specific formula to calculate the needed number of extension agents based on socioeconomic indicators. Sample results are provided for several countries showing current spending, estimated required investments under baseline and climate change scenarios, and the gap. Regional averages are also estimated. The document discusses limitations and makes recommendations to improve data quality and test more efficient investment approaches.
Over 70% of draught animals were lost in areas affected by Cyclone Nargis, putting many families at risk of food insecurity and lower crop yields. With funding from PricewaterhouseCoopers through FAO, the project will donate 353 pairs of buffaloes or cattle to directly assist 353 families and allow 2,471 additional families to borrow animals. This will allow over 2,824 families to immediately resume food production and livelihoods through the provision of livestock and the preparation of 350-450 hectares of land for planting. Technical guidance was also provided to farmers on animal husbandry and cultivation.
Proyecciónde la Emisión, reservaCarbono, y economía Baja emisióny desarrolloIFPRI-EPTD
El documento describe el uso de modelos basados en procesos como DNDC para simular la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero y el secuestro de carbono en el suelo a escala regional y nacional. Se requieren datos sobre sistemas de cultivo dominantes, manejo de cultivos, datos climáticos y características del suelo como entrada para el modelo DNDC. El modelo simula el ciclo del carbono y los nutrientes en el suelo, el crecimiento de los cultivos y los procesos hidrológicos para estimar la producción de cultivos
IFPRI Low Emissions Development Strategies (LEDS) ColombiaIFPRI-EPTD
The document describes an analysis of land use and emissions scenarios for Colombia using integrated modeling tools. It presents the baseline results which project increases in areas of palm, plantain, sugarcane and pasture between 2008-2030, and decreases in forest area. The modeling framework combines IMPACT for agricultural commodity projections, a land use model to estimate land conversions, and DNDC to estimate carbon stocks and GHG emissions from these changes.
Biosight: Quantitative Methods for Policy Analysis: Multi Market ModelsIFPRI-EPTD
This document provides an overview and examples of multi-market models. It begins by explaining that multi-market models can model interactions between markets at the macro-level. Examples of specific multi-market models are then presented, including a water trade model between regions, a model of the alfalfa market in California, and a multi-good, multi-region trade model. Key concepts in multi-market models like partial equilibrium, price relationships determining trade, and modeling effects of trade policies are also discussed. Code examples from GAMS are provided to illustrate dual water trade problems and the multi-region trade model.
Biosight: Quantitative Methods for Policy Analysis: Stochastic Dynamic Progra...IFPRI-EPTD
This document discusses stochastic dynamic programming and its applications. It covers Bellman's principle of optimality, solving stochastic dynamic programming problems using value function iteration, and applying these concepts to agroforestry and livestock herd dynamics models. It also discusses estimating intertemporal preferences using dynamic models that relax the assumption of time-additive separability and allow for risk aversion. Examples are provided of solving a resource management problem numerically using value iteration over continuous state and control variables.
Biosight: Quantitative Methods for Policy Analysis : Dynamic ModelsIFPRI-EPTD
The document discusses dynamic programming and function approximation techniques. It introduces Bellman's principle of optimality and value function iteration. It uses a "cake eating" example to illustrate these concepts and show how to derive a closed-form solution. The document then discusses using Chebyshev polynomials and collocation to approximate value functions when analytical solutions are not possible. This allows dynamic programming problems to be solved numerically.
Biosight: Quantitative Methods for Policy Analysis - Introduction to GAMS, Li...IFPRI-EPTD
This document summarizes key topics covered on Day 1 of training, including an introduction to GAMS, linear programming, and positive mathematical programming (PMP). It provides examples of specifying linear programming problems for profit maximization and calculating dual values. It then discusses limitations of linear programming and introduces the PMP method to calibrate models to observed data through the introduction of nonlinear cost functions. The stages of PMP calibration are outlined using single-crop and two-crop examples.
Biosight: Quantitative Methods for Policy Analysis using GAMSIFPRI-EPTD
The document summarizes a workshop on quantitative methods in agricultural and resource economics to be held from April 28th to May 2nd 2014 at the ICRAF Campus in Nairobi. The workshop aims to (1) provide an overview of quantitative models that can address problems in agricultural economics, (2) equip participants with tools to adapt these models to their own research, and (3) help participants strengthen their quantitative skills and understanding of the economic foundations of these methods. The workshop will cover models at micro and macro levels, including static and dynamic approaches.
Low Emissions Development Strategies (Colombia Feb 20, 2014)IFPRI-EPTD
FROM GLOBAL TO LOCAL:MODELING LOW EMISSIONS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES IN COLOMBIA
Globally, agriculture is responsible for 10 – 14% of GHG emissions and largest source of no-CO2 GHG emissions. Countries can choose among technologies with different emission characteristics and we believe it's less costly to avoid high-emissions lock-in than replace them, so EFFORT TO ENCOURAGE LEDS is key.
Low Emissions Development Strategies (LEDS) Training Sept 9, 2013IFPRI-EPTD
Globally, agriculture is responsible for 10 – 14% of GHG emissions and largest source of no-CO2 GHG emissions. Countries can choose among a portfolio of growth-inducing technologies with different emission characteristics. We believe that is less costly to avoid high-emissions lock-in than replace high-emissions technologies. There's a need to encourage Low Emission Development Strategies.
Future African Competitiveness: Foresight for better agricultural futuresIFPRI-EPTD
This document discusses key drivers that will determine the future competitiveness of African agriculture on global markets. Population growth, urbanization, increasing livestock production and external/internal demand will shape African agriculture. Important supply-side drivers include gains in crop productivity, input prices, farming technology, and climate change impacts. There is uncertainty around how urbanization, agribusiness development, and climate change will affect African agriculture. Building foresight analysis capabilities can help African countries and institutions better plan for the future of the agriculture sector.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
Azure Interview Questions and Answers PDF By ScholarHat
Asti @ caadp pp
1. The current state of agricultural R&D investment
and capacity: A valuable benchmark to gauge
future S3A progress
Gert-Jan Stads and Nienke Beintema
International Food Policy Research Institute
Presentation at the Science Agenda parallel session at the 10th CAADP PP
Durban | March 19, 2014
2. S3A Context
• “S3A is based on the belief that science is too important to
be continually outsourced to international investors”
• “African countries must make domestic investments in
science for agriculture”
• “Every country requires a basic science capacity as an
essential part of an agricultural led social and economic
transformation”
Knowledge on the current status of agricultural R&D
investment and capacity is needed to monitor S3A
progress in the future
5. Increase in researcher quantity, not quality
• Recent capacity growth mostly driven by increasing
numbers of MSc and BSc researchers
• 10 out of 24 countries reported declines in the absolute
number of PhD holders during 2008–2011
26-country sample
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
TotalFTEresearchers
PhD MSc BSc
MSc holders
PhD holders
BSc holders
6. PhDs approaching retirement age in many countries
• In 17 of 36 countries, more than half the PhD holders are older
than 50; problem more pronounced in West Africa
• In contrast, growing numbers of young scientists elsewhere
• Urgent need to recruit and train next generation of scientists
2011 (36-country sample)
0
20
40
60
80
100
CapeVerde(19)
GuineaBissau(0)
Burundi(24)
Mauritania(16)
Mozambique(26)
Rwanda(22)
Zimbabwe(22)
BurkinaFaso(105)
Malawi(32)
Gabon(9)
Senegal(79)
Ethiopia(170)
Uganda(110)
Mauritius(21)
Botswana(24)
Gambia(6)
Sudan(330)
Tanzania(164)
CAR(2)
Nigeria-NARIs(287)
Kenya(368)
Chad(21)
Benin(84)
Ghana(228)
Namibia(12)
CongoDR(56)
Madagascar(78)
Togo(36)
Liberia(5)
CongoRep(33)
SierraLeone(14)
Eritrea(13)
Swaziland(12)
Lesotho(4)
Mali(100)
Guinea(42)
ShareofPHDholders(%)
9. Spending growth: not everywhere and not fast enough
Target (UN expert group): 5% annual spending growth over
the next decade
• 2000–2011 marked by spending decline or stagnation in
about half of the 30 countries with time series data
• Since 2008, however, more and more countries have
experienced positive growth.
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
Eritrea
Guinea
Gabon
Togo
Zambia
Gambia,The
SouthAfrica
BurkinaFaso
Côted'Ivoire
Madagascar
Ethiopia
Mauritius
Mali
Senegal
Botswana
Mauritania
Malawi
Namibia
Kenya
Sudan
Ghana
Nigeria
Burundi
Benin
Congo,Rep.
Uganda
Tanzania
Average
Annualgrowthrate(%)
Main drivers of region-wide
growth in spending, 2000–2011
+2.7%
10. Governments fund salaries, donors the rest
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Ghana
Ethiopia
Tanzania
Uganda
Mali
Burkina Faso
Salaries
Operating and program costs
Capital investments
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Ghana
Ethiopia
Tanzania
Uganda
Mali
Burkina Faso
Government
Donors and development banks
Commodity levies
Own resources
Other
Cost categories Funding sources
2011
11. Donors are a major source of funding volatility
• Annual agricultural R&D
spending in SSA has been
considerably more volatile than
in other developing regions
• Donor/development bank
funding is generally short-term
and ad-hoc (and 3 times more
volatile than government
funding)
• Therefore, volatility is more
pronounced in donor-dependent
low-income countries
Tanzania
Burkina Faso
0
20
40
60
80
100
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
0
10
20
30
40
1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011
12. Concluding remarks
• Encouraging signs that many African countries are
moving in the right direction (albeit slowly):
– Increasing government and donor funding
– Recruitment bans being lifted; improved salaries and
benefit packages; retirement age increases
– Importance of agricultural R&D is increasingly recognized
(S3A, CAADP, G8, G20, UN post-2015 Development
Agenda, WAAPP/EAAPP)
• Nonetheless, much more is needed to tackle the
various challenges facing African agricultural R&D
• ASTI indicators provide a valuable benchmark for
monitoring future S3A progress