ASSOCIATIONS OF GENETIC FACTORS TO HIV/AIDS BEHAVIORS
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
1 like•178 views
This document discusses the intersection between genetics, behaviors, and environments as they relate to HIV/AIDS. It notes that genetic predispositions are associated with illnesses, risk factors, and biological conditions. These genetic predispositions interact with behaviors and environments in complex ways. Future scientific investigation will aim to prove independent effects of these intersections on human health and determine whether behaviors linked to HIV/AIDS are based on genetic predispositions or environmental factors.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Biogeography Critique #1
The document summarizes a study that examines how climate change will impact forest disturbances in the United States through 2100. It used two general circulation models with different climate change scenarios to predict increases in the frequency, severity, and variability of disturbances like fires, droughts, insect outbreaks, introduced species, hurricanes, and ice storms. The results indicated that all of these disturbances would negatively impact forests through loss of vegetation, disrupted processes, reduced carbon storage, and decreased diversity. While the study lacked empirical data, it made a compelling case through advanced models and informed arguments that more research is needed to predict and prepare for these exacerbated disturbances under climate change.
Autism Spectrum Disorders And Thimerosal In Vaccines
a poster presentation describing the studies evaluating the effects of mercury in vaccines causing autism
Ethical principals
This document provides an overview of ethical principles related to mandatory vaccines. It discusses the differences between legal and ethical considerations, precedents set by past mandatory vaccine laws for diseases like smallpox and tuberculosis, and the 1905 Supreme Court case Jacobson v. Massachusetts that upheld mandatory vaccination. It also examines tensions between a physician's duty to care for patients and provide a safe working environment free from hostility or harassment, as well as issues of coercion. The document references a 2021 study regarding ethical issues surrounding mandatory COVID-19 vaccination of healthcare workers.
Northcutt Publications
Joanne L. Northcutt, Ph.D. provides her resume and contact information. She has 17 scholarly publications in peer-reviewed journals related to pediatric health outcomes, quality of life measures, clinical trials of medications for conditions like ADHD and cancer, and adherence to treatment regimens for illnesses such as HIV/AIDS. Her research focuses on developing and validating methods and tools for assessing health-related quality of life in children and adolescents.
Impact of Aerosols on Respiratory Health of Dairy Workers and Residents Livin...
The full proceedings paper is at: http://www.extension.org/72843
Recent studies of large modern dairies have found that respiratory disease remains an important problem for dairy workers, contributing to lost time and high turnover. Exposure to high levels of organic dusts generated during milking, moving cows, feeding and other tasks has been associated with increased inflammation and decreased lung function resulting in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma-like diseases. Much research into the cause of respiratory disease in agriculture has focused on the role of endotoxins - a chemical component of Gram-negative bacteria. Recent research suggests that other components of these dusts such as Gram-positive bacteria and fungi are also important. Many new workers adapt to these exposures, and new evidence suggests that individual behavior and genetic factors play a key role in explaining why some workers are more susceptible. In addition several new studies of communities living in the vicinity of dairies and other livestock operations have shown that low level exposure to bioaerosols containing endotoxins and other microbial components at a very young age may be protective against the development of asthma later in life, possibly through priming of the immune system. Dairy producers are faced with interpreting complex research that may appear to show conflicting results. This presentation will review and discuss research into the impact of aerosols on respiratory health of dairy workers and residents living near dairies - the findings and implications for dairy producers.
Azar Abadi-NWC-Retreat-3-4-19
Azar Abadi is a postdoctoral research associate at the University of Nebraska Medical Center working under advisor Dr. Jesse Bell. Her research focuses on understanding how climate change impacts human health through extreme weather events. Some current projects include analyzing the relationship between drought severity and mortality in Nebraska from 1980 to 2014, using extreme weather event attribution to determine climate change's impacts on health, and developing a heat stress indicator for the United States.
Coursera energy 2014 (1)
This document is a statement of accomplishment from Coursera.org stating that Andy Varoshiotis completed the online course "Energy, the Environment, and Our Future" from Pennsylvania State University with distinction. The course explored how energy impacts climate change and the development of sustainable energy systems that can strengthen the economy while being environmentally friendly. It was taught by Dr. Richard B. Alley and Dr. Seth Blumsack of Pennsylvania State University.
2014-0826 Davos
5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice 24-28 August 2014 in Davos, Switzerland
Recommended
Biogeography Critique #1
The document summarizes a study that examines how climate change will impact forest disturbances in the United States through 2100. It used two general circulation models with different climate change scenarios to predict increases in the frequency, severity, and variability of disturbances like fires, droughts, insect outbreaks, introduced species, hurricanes, and ice storms. The results indicated that all of these disturbances would negatively impact forests through loss of vegetation, disrupted processes, reduced carbon storage, and decreased diversity. While the study lacked empirical data, it made a compelling case through advanced models and informed arguments that more research is needed to predict and prepare for these exacerbated disturbances under climate change.
Autism Spectrum Disorders And Thimerosal In Vaccines
a poster presentation describing the studies evaluating the effects of mercury in vaccines causing autism
Ethical principals
This document provides an overview of ethical principles related to mandatory vaccines. It discusses the differences between legal and ethical considerations, precedents set by past mandatory vaccine laws for diseases like smallpox and tuberculosis, and the 1905 Supreme Court case Jacobson v. Massachusetts that upheld mandatory vaccination. It also examines tensions between a physician's duty to care for patients and provide a safe working environment free from hostility or harassment, as well as issues of coercion. The document references a 2021 study regarding ethical issues surrounding mandatory COVID-19 vaccination of healthcare workers.
Northcutt Publications
Joanne L. Northcutt, Ph.D. provides her resume and contact information. She has 17 scholarly publications in peer-reviewed journals related to pediatric health outcomes, quality of life measures, clinical trials of medications for conditions like ADHD and cancer, and adherence to treatment regimens for illnesses such as HIV/AIDS. Her research focuses on developing and validating methods and tools for assessing health-related quality of life in children and adolescents.
Impact of Aerosols on Respiratory Health of Dairy Workers and Residents Livin...
The full proceedings paper is at: http://www.extension.org/72843
Recent studies of large modern dairies have found that respiratory disease remains an important problem for dairy workers, contributing to lost time and high turnover. Exposure to high levels of organic dusts generated during milking, moving cows, feeding and other tasks has been associated with increased inflammation and decreased lung function resulting in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma-like diseases. Much research into the cause of respiratory disease in agriculture has focused on the role of endotoxins - a chemical component of Gram-negative bacteria. Recent research suggests that other components of these dusts such as Gram-positive bacteria and fungi are also important. Many new workers adapt to these exposures, and new evidence suggests that individual behavior and genetic factors play a key role in explaining why some workers are more susceptible. In addition several new studies of communities living in the vicinity of dairies and other livestock operations have shown that low level exposure to bioaerosols containing endotoxins and other microbial components at a very young age may be protective against the development of asthma later in life, possibly through priming of the immune system. Dairy producers are faced with interpreting complex research that may appear to show conflicting results. This presentation will review and discuss research into the impact of aerosols on respiratory health of dairy workers and residents living near dairies - the findings and implications for dairy producers.
Azar Abadi-NWC-Retreat-3-4-19
Azar Abadi is a postdoctoral research associate at the University of Nebraska Medical Center working under advisor Dr. Jesse Bell. Her research focuses on understanding how climate change impacts human health through extreme weather events. Some current projects include analyzing the relationship between drought severity and mortality in Nebraska from 1980 to 2014, using extreme weather event attribution to determine climate change's impacts on health, and developing a heat stress indicator for the United States.
Coursera energy 2014 (1)
This document is a statement of accomplishment from Coursera.org stating that Andy Varoshiotis completed the online course "Energy, the Environment, and Our Future" from Pennsylvania State University with distinction. The course explored how energy impacts climate change and the development of sustainable energy systems that can strengthen the economy while being environmentally friendly. It was taught by Dr. Richard B. Alley and Dr. Seth Blumsack of Pennsylvania State University.
2014-0826 Davos
5th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2014 Integrative Risk Management - The role of science, technology & practice 24-28 August 2014 in Davos, Switzerland
Final Senior Presentation
This document reviews the debate around whether adaptation occurs through the accumulation of many alleles of small effect or through large mutations. It discusses early theories of micro-mutationism proposed by Darwin and macro-mutationism proposed by Huxley. Later, Fisher argued adaptation requires "conformity of parts" best achieved through small mutations. However, the document finds little evidence supporting the claim that adaptation always involves small effect genes. Some adaptations involve major genes, and more genetic studies of adaptation are needed.
Validation of the important other climate questionnaire_ assessing autonomy...
This document summarizes a study that validated a questionnaire assessing how supportive important others are of behavior changes. The questionnaire was given to 483 participants at baseline and 1 month later. Test-retest correlations showed the mean support score did not significantly change, but the mean difference score increased significantly. The study was funded by the National Institute of Mental Health and National Cancer Institute and was conducted by researchers from the University of Rochester and University of South Florida.
Gene environment interaction
GENE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
Subtle differences in one person’s genes can cause them to respond differently to the same environmental exposure as another person. As a result, some people may develop a disease after being exposed to something in the environment while others may not.
As scientists learn more about the connection between genes and the environment, they pursue new approaches for preventing and treating disease that consider individual genetic codes.
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between women's household responsibilities and shorter commute lengths using national household survey data from the US and UK. The researcher found that women living with school-aged children and a partner had shorter commutes than other women and men in similar households, supporting the hypothesis that household responsibilities influence commute length. Additionally, US women with preschool-aged children and a partner had shorter commutes than similar British women, indicating US women adjust their home-work separation more to balance roles, while British women in that situation were more likely to be unemployed or work part-time.
PCSGA Sep 2009: Pacific Oysters & Ecosystem Health
This 3 sentence summary provides the key points about using Pacific oysters to monitor Puget Sound ecosystem health:
Pacific oysters are proposed as useful indicators because they are widely distributed and sessile, accumulating contaminants based on their local environment. A study called PROPS is using biomarkers like gene expression, stress responses, and epigenetic changes in oysters from sites of varying pollution levels to evaluate the indirect biological effects of stressors and characterize impacts on shellfish. Preliminary results suggest noradrenaline responses and epigenetic variability can provide information on ecosystem health across oyster populations in Puget Sound.
Ecological models of health behavior
This document describes a study that tested an ecological theory-based health intervention called Health is Power (HIP) for African American and Hispanic/Latina women. The study was aimed at increasing physical activity and improving dietary habits using a multi-level intervention approach. Women were randomized into physical activity or fruit/vegetable groups and participated in six intervention sessions over six months. The intervention targeted both individual and environmental influences based on the Ecological Model of Physical Activity and incorporated group dynamics and social support strategies. Results suggested interventions using social ecological models can effectively initiate and maintain health behavior changes by addressing multiple levels of influence.
Know Your Behavior: 6 Critical Attributes of Behavior
This document provides an overview of key concepts in applied behavior analysis (ABA). It defines behavior as the interaction between an organism and its environment, and discusses how behavior is determined by environmental stimuli and events according to the principles of causation and the reciprocal relationship between behavior and the environment. The document also distinguishes between public and private events, introduces the "dead person's test" to determine if an action qualifies as a behavior, and outlines the six critical attributes that characterize behaviors according to ABA, including that they are biological phenomena that involve movement, occur in living organisms, are observable and measurable, and interact with the environment.
Farmer Confidence in Badger Vaccination - Bovine TB
Dr Damian Maye presented a paper at the International M.bovis conference in Cardiff about farmer confidence in badger vaccination to control the spread of bTB from badgers to cattle
Ecological model
The document discusses the ecological model of health behavior. It provides a history of ecological models emerging from various disciplines that converged to form the foundations of health promotion. The core concepts are described as behavior being influenced by multiple levels, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community and public policy levels. Applications to tobacco control and diabetes management are outlined at each level. Strengths include a focus on multiple influences and environmental/policy interventions, while weaknesses involve lack of specificity about influences and interaction across levels.
Assignment ecosystem case study
The document provides instructions for a Year 9 science assignment on the Mud Creek ecosystem case study. Students are asked to answer one of two questions about changes to the ecosystem by urbanization and a proposed development. They must state their opinion, support it using data from class activities, and write in an essay format. Tables provide focus questions to guide their answers and analysis of the ecosystem.
Assignment (altered) ecosystem case study
Upper Mud Creek has been negatively affected by urbanization, showing it is less healthy than the control site, Mud Tributary. While Lower Mud Creek shows some improvement over Upper Mud Creek, it is still not as healthy as the untouched Mud Tributary site downstream. The differences in health between the three sites can be explained by the increasing effects of urbanization upstream, though Lower Mud Creek shows some recovery as the urban influences decrease downstream. In conclusion, the Mud Creek ecosystem only partially recovers from the effects of urbanization as it travels further downstream.
Asthma_PM_Poster_Spiker_FIN
- The document examines the association between annual PM2.5 levels and adult asthma prevalence in Kent County, Michigan from 2005-2012 using BRFSS data.
- A 10μg/m3 increase in same-year PM2.5 was associated with a 35% increase in asthma prevalence, though this finding was only suggestive.
- A one-year lag analysis found a non-significant negative association between PM2.5 and subsequent asthma prevalence.
Studying the elusive in larger scale
This document discusses the need for a high-throughput method to discover environmental influences on phenotypes, analogous to genome-wide association studies for genes. It notes that current estimates from twin studies attribute on average 49% of phenotypic variation to genetic factors, leaving 51% unexplained. Developing methods to systematically measure and analyze the "exposome" of environmental exposures each person experiences could help discover environmental factors influencing health and disease.
Practitioner Review: What have we learnt about the causes of ADHD?
This summary provides an overview of the key findings from a review on what we have learned about the causes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
The review finds that no single risk factor explains ADHD, and both inherited and non-inherited factors contribute to its development in an interdependent way. ADHD shows high heritability in twin studies, and adoption studies demonstrate an important inherited contribution, though they do not rule out prenatal and early life environmental influences. Having a close family member with ADHD, rare genetic variants, some candidate genes, extreme early adversity, prenatal exposure to lead, and low birth weight/prematurity have been most consistently associated with ADHD risk. However, none are definitively
3 understanding and applying epidemiology hb lead-conf
This document summarizes a presentation on epidemiology and lead studies. It describes different epidemiological study designs including observational and interventional studies. It provides examples of descriptive epidemiological studies like ecological and cross-sectional studies as well as analytical studies like case-control and cohort studies. It discusses the strengths and limitations of these different study designs. It also summarizes decades of research on the relationship between lead exposure and IQ in children, including key studies, reviews, and perspectives from "plaintiff" and "defense" studies.
SchneiderTBAMooreRev07
This document summarizes key points from David S. Moore's book "The Dependent Gene" about the nature vs nurture debate. It discusses how genes and the environment form an interactional system, challenging the idea of genetic determinism. While genes influence traits, environmental factors are also always involved. The definition of a gene is complex, as gene expression depends on cellular and epigenetic factors. Epigenetic inheritance allows environmentally induced trait changes to sometimes be passed down generations in a Lamarckian fashion. Overall the document argues that considering genes alone is an oversimplification and that both genetic and environmental factors must be considered together to understand traits.
Repurposing large datasets to dissect exposomic (and genomic) contributions i...
This document discusses the need for a new paradigm to discover environmental influences on health and disease through high-throughput exposome-wide association studies (EWAS) in a similar manner to genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for genetic influences. It notes that while GWAS have identified many genetic variants associated with traits, they only explain a small portion of heritability, suggesting an important role for environmental factors. The document advocates for developing methods to robustly characterize exposures through the exposome and relate them to health outcomes at a large scale through EWAS. This would help discover major environmental causes of diseases and help explain the "missing heritability".
Genetic factors and periodontal disease
Genetic basis of periodontal disease, Host susceptibility, linkage of genetic susceptibility with periodontal disease
Human Genetics and Craniofacial Development
This document discusses the evolution of human genetic studies of craniofacial disorders such as orofacial clefts. It describes how studies have progressed from descriptive family studies and Mendelian genetics in the early 20th century to modern genome-wide association studies and genomic sequencing. Key developments include the ability to collect and analyze DNA from families to study linkage, perform candidate gene studies and genome-wide linkage analyses. The advent of widespread genomic sequencing in 2000 enabled unbiased genome-wide association studies to identify risk loci rather than genes. One example described used a GWAS to identify multiple gene loci associated with the age of emergence of primary teeth.
Building a search engine for exposures in disease
This document proposes building a search engine to discover environmental and phenotypic factors associated with disease and health, analogous to genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for genes. It notes that while over 2400 GWAS have identified genetic variants associated with traits, little is known about environmental influences, which could account for up to 50% of phenotypic variability. The author argues that high-throughput methods are needed to measure the "exposome" of environmental exposures people experience and relate it to health outcomes, in order to discover major environmental causes of disease.
Gene environment interaction
This document discusses gene-environment interactions and their role in phenotypic expression and disease development. It explains that all traits are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, and that variations in genetic makeup are associated with most diseases. Common diseases like diabetes and heart disease are caused by a complex interplay between multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. The effects of genes depend on the environment, and the environment's effects depend on an individual's genes. Several examples are provided to illustrate how changes in environment can influence the phenotype of genetic traits and alter disease risk.
Twin study
Twin studies compare the similarity of identical twins and fraternal twins to determine the relative genetic and environmental influences on traits. Identical twins share all of their genes while fraternal twins share about half, so greater similarity between identical twins suggests a genetic influence. A twin study compares concordance rates, or how often both twins share a characteristic, between identical and fraternal twins to suggest if a trait is genetically caused. While useful, twin studies have limitations like assuming equal environments and interactions between only genes and environment rather than other factors.
More Related Content
What's hot
Final Senior Presentation
This document reviews the debate around whether adaptation occurs through the accumulation of many alleles of small effect or through large mutations. It discusses early theories of micro-mutationism proposed by Darwin and macro-mutationism proposed by Huxley. Later, Fisher argued adaptation requires "conformity of parts" best achieved through small mutations. However, the document finds little evidence supporting the claim that adaptation always involves small effect genes. Some adaptations involve major genes, and more genetic studies of adaptation are needed.
Validation of the important other climate questionnaire_ assessing autonomy...
This document summarizes a study that validated a questionnaire assessing how supportive important others are of behavior changes. The questionnaire was given to 483 participants at baseline and 1 month later. Test-retest correlations showed the mean support score did not significantly change, but the mean difference score increased significantly. The study was funded by the National Institute of Mental Health and National Cancer Institute and was conducted by researchers from the University of Rochester and University of South Florida.
Gene environment interaction
GENE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION
Subtle differences in one person’s genes can cause them to respond differently to the same environmental exposure as another person. As a result, some people may develop a disease after being exposed to something in the environment while others may not.
As scientists learn more about the connection between genes and the environment, they pursue new approaches for preventing and treating disease that consider individual genetic codes.
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between women's household responsibilities and shorter commute lengths using national household survey data from the US and UK. The researcher found that women living with school-aged children and a partner had shorter commutes than other women and men in similar households, supporting the hypothesis that household responsibilities influence commute length. Additionally, US women with preschool-aged children and a partner had shorter commutes than similar British women, indicating US women adjust their home-work separation more to balance roles, while British women in that situation were more likely to be unemployed or work part-time.
PCSGA Sep 2009: Pacific Oysters & Ecosystem Health
This 3 sentence summary provides the key points about using Pacific oysters to monitor Puget Sound ecosystem health:
Pacific oysters are proposed as useful indicators because they are widely distributed and sessile, accumulating contaminants based on their local environment. A study called PROPS is using biomarkers like gene expression, stress responses, and epigenetic changes in oysters from sites of varying pollution levels to evaluate the indirect biological effects of stressors and characterize impacts on shellfish. Preliminary results suggest noradrenaline responses and epigenetic variability can provide information on ecosystem health across oyster populations in Puget Sound.
Ecological models of health behavior
This document describes a study that tested an ecological theory-based health intervention called Health is Power (HIP) for African American and Hispanic/Latina women. The study was aimed at increasing physical activity and improving dietary habits using a multi-level intervention approach. Women were randomized into physical activity or fruit/vegetable groups and participated in six intervention sessions over six months. The intervention targeted both individual and environmental influences based on the Ecological Model of Physical Activity and incorporated group dynamics and social support strategies. Results suggested interventions using social ecological models can effectively initiate and maintain health behavior changes by addressing multiple levels of influence.
Know Your Behavior: 6 Critical Attributes of Behavior
This document provides an overview of key concepts in applied behavior analysis (ABA). It defines behavior as the interaction between an organism and its environment, and discusses how behavior is determined by environmental stimuli and events according to the principles of causation and the reciprocal relationship between behavior and the environment. The document also distinguishes between public and private events, introduces the "dead person's test" to determine if an action qualifies as a behavior, and outlines the six critical attributes that characterize behaviors according to ABA, including that they are biological phenomena that involve movement, occur in living organisms, are observable and measurable, and interact with the environment.
Farmer Confidence in Badger Vaccination - Bovine TB
Dr Damian Maye presented a paper at the International M.bovis conference in Cardiff about farmer confidence in badger vaccination to control the spread of bTB from badgers to cattle
Ecological model
The document discusses the ecological model of health behavior. It provides a history of ecological models emerging from various disciplines that converged to form the foundations of health promotion. The core concepts are described as behavior being influenced by multiple levels, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community and public policy levels. Applications to tobacco control and diabetes management are outlined at each level. Strengths include a focus on multiple influences and environmental/policy interventions, while weaknesses involve lack of specificity about influences and interaction across levels.
Assignment ecosystem case study
The document provides instructions for a Year 9 science assignment on the Mud Creek ecosystem case study. Students are asked to answer one of two questions about changes to the ecosystem by urbanization and a proposed development. They must state their opinion, support it using data from class activities, and write in an essay format. Tables provide focus questions to guide their answers and analysis of the ecosystem.
Assignment (altered) ecosystem case study
Upper Mud Creek has been negatively affected by urbanization, showing it is less healthy than the control site, Mud Tributary. While Lower Mud Creek shows some improvement over Upper Mud Creek, it is still not as healthy as the untouched Mud Tributary site downstream. The differences in health between the three sites can be explained by the increasing effects of urbanization upstream, though Lower Mud Creek shows some recovery as the urban influences decrease downstream. In conclusion, the Mud Creek ecosystem only partially recovers from the effects of urbanization as it travels further downstream.
Asthma_PM_Poster_Spiker_FIN
- The document examines the association between annual PM2.5 levels and adult asthma prevalence in Kent County, Michigan from 2005-2012 using BRFSS data.
- A 10μg/m3 increase in same-year PM2.5 was associated with a 35% increase in asthma prevalence, though this finding was only suggestive.
- A one-year lag analysis found a non-significant negative association between PM2.5 and subsequent asthma prevalence.
What's hot (12)
Validation of the important other climate questionnaire_ assessing autonomy...
Validation of the important other climate questionnaire_ assessing autonomy...
PCSGA Sep 2009: Pacific Oysters & Ecosystem Health
PCSGA Sep 2009: Pacific Oysters & Ecosystem Health
Know Your Behavior: 6 Critical Attributes of Behavior
Know Your Behavior: 6 Critical Attributes of Behavior
Farmer Confidence in Badger Vaccination - Bovine TB
Farmer Confidence in Badger Vaccination - Bovine TB
Similar to ASSOCIATIONS OF GENETIC FACTORS TO HIV/AIDS BEHAVIORS
Studying the elusive in larger scale
This document discusses the need for a high-throughput method to discover environmental influences on phenotypes, analogous to genome-wide association studies for genes. It notes that current estimates from twin studies attribute on average 49% of phenotypic variation to genetic factors, leaving 51% unexplained. Developing methods to systematically measure and analyze the "exposome" of environmental exposures each person experiences could help discover environmental factors influencing health and disease.
Practitioner Review: What have we learnt about the causes of ADHD?
This summary provides an overview of the key findings from a review on what we have learned about the causes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
The review finds that no single risk factor explains ADHD, and both inherited and non-inherited factors contribute to its development in an interdependent way. ADHD shows high heritability in twin studies, and adoption studies demonstrate an important inherited contribution, though they do not rule out prenatal and early life environmental influences. Having a close family member with ADHD, rare genetic variants, some candidate genes, extreme early adversity, prenatal exposure to lead, and low birth weight/prematurity have been most consistently associated with ADHD risk. However, none are definitively
3 understanding and applying epidemiology hb lead-conf
This document summarizes a presentation on epidemiology and lead studies. It describes different epidemiological study designs including observational and interventional studies. It provides examples of descriptive epidemiological studies like ecological and cross-sectional studies as well as analytical studies like case-control and cohort studies. It discusses the strengths and limitations of these different study designs. It also summarizes decades of research on the relationship between lead exposure and IQ in children, including key studies, reviews, and perspectives from "plaintiff" and "defense" studies.
SchneiderTBAMooreRev07
This document summarizes key points from David S. Moore's book "The Dependent Gene" about the nature vs nurture debate. It discusses how genes and the environment form an interactional system, challenging the idea of genetic determinism. While genes influence traits, environmental factors are also always involved. The definition of a gene is complex, as gene expression depends on cellular and epigenetic factors. Epigenetic inheritance allows environmentally induced trait changes to sometimes be passed down generations in a Lamarckian fashion. Overall the document argues that considering genes alone is an oversimplification and that both genetic and environmental factors must be considered together to understand traits.
Repurposing large datasets to dissect exposomic (and genomic) contributions i...
This document discusses the need for a new paradigm to discover environmental influences on health and disease through high-throughput exposome-wide association studies (EWAS) in a similar manner to genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for genetic influences. It notes that while GWAS have identified many genetic variants associated with traits, they only explain a small portion of heritability, suggesting an important role for environmental factors. The document advocates for developing methods to robustly characterize exposures through the exposome and relate them to health outcomes at a large scale through EWAS. This would help discover major environmental causes of diseases and help explain the "missing heritability".
Genetic factors and periodontal disease
Genetic basis of periodontal disease, Host susceptibility, linkage of genetic susceptibility with periodontal disease
Human Genetics and Craniofacial Development
This document discusses the evolution of human genetic studies of craniofacial disorders such as orofacial clefts. It describes how studies have progressed from descriptive family studies and Mendelian genetics in the early 20th century to modern genome-wide association studies and genomic sequencing. Key developments include the ability to collect and analyze DNA from families to study linkage, perform candidate gene studies and genome-wide linkage analyses. The advent of widespread genomic sequencing in 2000 enabled unbiased genome-wide association studies to identify risk loci rather than genes. One example described used a GWAS to identify multiple gene loci associated with the age of emergence of primary teeth.
Building a search engine for exposures in disease
This document proposes building a search engine to discover environmental and phenotypic factors associated with disease and health, analogous to genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for genes. It notes that while over 2400 GWAS have identified genetic variants associated with traits, little is known about environmental influences, which could account for up to 50% of phenotypic variability. The author argues that high-throughput methods are needed to measure the "exposome" of environmental exposures people experience and relate it to health outcomes, in order to discover major environmental causes of disease.
Gene environment interaction
This document discusses gene-environment interactions and their role in phenotypic expression and disease development. It explains that all traits are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, and that variations in genetic makeup are associated with most diseases. Common diseases like diabetes and heart disease are caused by a complex interplay between multiple genetic and environmental risk factors. The effects of genes depend on the environment, and the environment's effects depend on an individual's genes. Several examples are provided to illustrate how changes in environment can influence the phenotype of genetic traits and alter disease risk.
Twin study
Twin studies compare the similarity of identical twins and fraternal twins to determine the relative genetic and environmental influences on traits. Identical twins share all of their genes while fraternal twins share about half, so greater similarity between identical twins suggests a genetic influence. A twin study compares concordance rates, or how often both twins share a characteristic, between identical and fraternal twins to suggest if a trait is genetically caused. While useful, twin studies have limitations like assuming equal environments and interactions between only genes and environment rather than other factors.
Environmental Correlates to Behavioral Health Outcomes in Alzheimer’s Special...
Environmental Correlates to Behavioral Health Outcomes in Alzheimer’s Special...School Vegetable Gardening - Victory Gardens
Environmental Correlates to Behavioral Health Outcomes in Alzheimer’s Special Care Units
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~Applied computational genomics
Genetic epidemiology studies the distribution and risk factors of diseases based on genetic and environmental causes. It employs study designs like family, twin, adoption, and migration studies to identify the joint contribution of genes and environment to complex diseases. Family studies examine disease patterns within families to infer genetic patterns. Twin studies estimate genetic and environmental influences on diseases by comparing identical and fraternal twin pairs. Adoption studies compare disease risk between biological and adoptive relatives to identify genetic and environmental sources. Migration studies examine disease rate changes between immigrants and their ancestral populations to identify cultural and environmental risk factors.
Genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder. ADHD is the commonly studied and
diagnosed as psychiatric disorder. Here we shall see the relation between extraversion and ADHD, neuroticism,
biological relation, Environmental factors and with diagnosis of ADHD. It is known that Genetics is one of the factors
that may contribute to, or exacerbate ADHD. Recent research probing towards the environmental and Genetic factors
causing ADHD differences is the main source for investigation
geneticfactorsandperiodontaldisease-170426182246.pptx
This document discusses genetics and periodontal disease. It begins by introducing the topic and noting that while bacteria cause periodontal disease, genetic factors influence disease severity and response to treatment. Studies of twins have found that 48-59% of clinical severity is explained by genetics. The document then discusses various genetic concepts like polymorphisms, genes, alleles, and heritability estimates for different forms of periodontal disease ranging from 40-80%. It also discusses various candidate genes that may be associated with periodontal disease risk and study designs like linkage analysis for identifying disease-associated DNA variants.
Obesity Research Paper
The document analyzes research on the nature vs nurture debate around obesity. It summarizes studies finding both genetic/biological and environmental factors influence obesity. The authors treated a client using diet/exercise modifications based on evidence that lifestyle changes can decrease weight. Their client achieved a 30% weight loss in 3 months, supporting the influence of external factors. Overall, the authors found evidence that environmental/behavioral interventions have greater impact on obesity than medical approaches.
Genetics & malocclusion-2/ oral surgery courses
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Genetics final
This document discusses genetics research in psychiatry. It covers several key areas:
1) The four main paradigms in psychiatric genetics research: genetic epidemiology, advanced genetic epidemiology, gene finding, and molecular genetics.
2) Common study designs used in genetic research on mental disorders including population, family, twin, adoption, linkage, and association studies.
3) Key concepts like heritability estimates for several mental disorders from twin studies, genetic models of inheritance, and endophenotypes.
4) The use of endophenotypes to bridge symptoms and underlying genetic factors. Criteria for what constitutes a valid endophenotype are outlined.
5) Other areas briefly
GENETICS & MALOCCLUSION - II /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
GENETIC, NEUROLOGICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIETAL FACTORS.pptx
How does genetics influence human Behaviour?
Genes do not specify behavior directly, but rather encode molecular products that build and govern the functioning of the brain through which behavior is expressed.
Similar to ASSOCIATIONS OF GENETIC FACTORS TO HIV/AIDS BEHAVIORS (20)
Practitioner Review: What have we learnt about the causes of ADHD?
Practitioner Review: What have we learnt about the causes of ADHD?
3 understanding and applying epidemiology hb lead-conf
3 understanding and applying epidemiology hb lead-conf
Repurposing large datasets to dissect exposomic (and genomic) contributions i...
Repurposing large datasets to dissect exposomic (and genomic) contributions i...
Environmental Correlates to Behavioral Health Outcomes in Alzheimer’s Special...
Environmental Correlates to Behavioral Health Outcomes in Alzheimer’s Special...
Genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd)
Genetics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd)
geneticfactorsandperiodontaldisease-170426182246.pptx
geneticfactorsandperiodontaldisease-170426182246.pptx
GENETICS & MALOCCLUSION - II /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
GENETICS & MALOCCLUSION - II /orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy
GENETIC, NEUROLOGICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIETAL FACTORS.pptx
GENETIC, NEUROLOGICAL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIETAL FACTORS.pptx
Recently uploaded
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Swisschem Dermacare has mentioned the List of The Best Antifungal Soap In India 2022. All of these soaps are trusted by various Dermatology Experts.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Katzung, Verified Chapters 1 - 66, Complete Newest Version.Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Ketone bodies and metabolism-biochemistry
This slide consists of all the topics of ketone . This can be used for exam purpose for writing about Diabetic keto acidosis etc . Thank you
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.com
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa CentralClinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Recently uploaded (20)
Vestibulocochlear Nerve by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Vestibulocochlear Nerve by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...
TEST BANK For Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 14th Edition by Bertram G. Kat...
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Role of Mukta Pishti in the Management of Hyperthyroidism
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
Clinic ^%[+27633867063*Abortion Pills For Sale In Tembisa Central
ASSOCIATIONS OF GENETIC FACTORS TO HIV/AIDS BEHAVIORS
- 1. By Philip Danquah, MSW, ASW
- 2. Aim: A short discussion of the intersection between genetics, HIV/AIDS behaviors, and environments Genetics refer to the study of heredity or the variations of inherited characteristics. (Oxford Dictionary, 2016) Theme: Application of inherited characteristics to HIV/AIDS behaviors Genetic predispositions are associated with Various illnesses Risk factors Biological conditions These associations signal complex interactions of genes with behavior and the environment. (Green & Kreuter, 2005)
- 3. Genetic Interactions gene - gene gene - human behavior gene - environment Potential interactions of gene with behavior and environment Genetic predisposition interacts with predisposing factors such as attitudes, beliefs, values, and perceptions that are related to the behavioral change process ** These interactions are still under scientific investigations (Green & Kreuter, 2005) Assumption The genetic interactions lead to intersections of health determinants, behaviors, and environments.
- 4. Future study o Future scientific investigations will prove such independent effects on human health.
- 5. Conclusion The gene- environment interactions will be determined by the behaviors which are possibly linked to genetics. When behaviors linked to genetics are identified, this will prove that behaviors which are highly associated with HIV/AIDS are based on either human genetic predispositions or the environment. Environment Behaviors Genetics
- 6. References Green . L. W. and Kreuter, M.W.(2005). Health Program Planning: An educational and Ecological Approach. (4th edition). Boston, MA: McGraw Hill Higher Education Oxford Dictionary( 2016). Genetics Retrieved from. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/us/definition/american_english/genet ics?q=Genetics