ASSIGNMENT Respond to at least two of your colleagues.docx
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ASSIGNMENT: Respond to at least two of your colleagues by comparing the differential diagnostic features of the disorder you selected to the diagnostic features of the disorder your colleagues were assigned. Note: Support your responses with evidence-based literature with at least two references in each colleague’s response with proper citation in APA Format. Colleagues Respond # 1 Gender Dysphoria Transgender is the term used to mean that individual sex assigned during birth based on the external genital does not fit their gender identity. These kinds of people usually experience gender dysphoria, which is one of the psychological distresses associated with the incongruence between one's gender identity and the sex they were assigned during birth. Gender dysphoria usually starts at the beginning of childhood, but in some cases, individuals may not experience it until after puberty and even much later in their stages of life. People with transgender may pursue different domains of gender affirmation, which includes: surgical affirmation, medical affirmation, legal affirmation, and social affirmation (Lindley, 2020). Not all people with transgender issues will desire to have all these domains of gender affirmation as these are highly individual and personal decisions. Medical treatment for gender dysphoria Medical treatments for this condition may include hormone therapy, such as masculinizing hormone therapy or feminizing hormone therapy. Surgery includes masculinizing surgery or feminizing surgery, which intends to change chest or breasts, internal genitalia, external genital, body contouring, and facial features. Some people used hormone therapy to seek maximum masculinization or feminization. Other people find relief from gender dysphoria by using hormones to maximize secondary sex characteristics such as facial hair and breasts. These kinds of treatments are based on individuals' goals and the evaluation of the benefits and risks of the medication use, presence of any other conditions, and consideration of individual's economic and social issues (Zucker, 2018). Most of these gender dysphoria individuals find surgery the most effective and necessary procedure that relieves their condition. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health gives the following procedure for the surgical or hormonal treatment for people with gender dysphoria. 1. Persistent and a well-documented gender dysphoria 2. The capacity to make consent and an informed decision for the treatment 3. The aged majority of a given country and when the patient is young need to follow the standard of care for the adolescents and children. Behavioral health treatment This treatment aims to improve the individual's psychological well-being, self-fulfillment, and quality of life. This kind of treatment does not aim to alter an individual's gender identity, but it aims to explore gender concerns and find ways to reduce gender dysphoria. The main goal.
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For each of the learning objectives, provide an analysis of how th
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14
Mental Health and Social Work
Shanae Hampton
Cal Baptist University
Introduction
How well a person is able to live a full life, build and maintain relationships and pursue their education, profession or other pursuits requires them to maintain their well-being ranging from physical to mental health. When assisting others to achieve good and self-motivated changes, social workers draw on their relationship-based abilities and emphasize personalization and rehabilitation. A key issue is, "What components and obstacles of an assessment are there in order to reach these outcomes?" When it comes to health promotion and public involvement, social workers are well-suited for this role since primary care is all about these things. Social workers who deal with mental health have unique challenges in assessment, which necessitates them learning and using psychiatric principles. Identifying the need for mental health care requires an understanding of assessment principles.
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Literature Review
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Gender variance is an umbrella term availed to describe the behaviours, interests, appearance, expression, or an identity of persons who do not conform to culturally defined norms expected of their natal gender. Linked terms include gender nonconforming, gender creative, transgender, and, in Aboriginal culture, two-spirited. To meet the needs of such youth, there has been a aggrandize in the number of paediatric clinics in Canada, the United States, and Europe that typically specialize in the care of gender variant children and adolescents. For most youth, the natal gender (ie, the gender assumed mainly based on the physical sex characteristics present at birth) is consistent with their gender identity (a person’s intrinsic sense of self as male, female, or an alternative gender). In a small minority, moreover, there is a discrepancy between assigned (or natal) gender and gender identity. The distress that is caused by this discrepancy is called gender dysphoria (GD) [1]
Gender dysphoria state
Idiopathic scoliosis (IS), the most general form of spinal deformity, affects otherwise healthy children and adolescents during growth (Fig: 1). It usually presents as a rib hump visible at forward bending, together with unlevelled shoulders and an asymmetrical waist [1]. According to Cobb, the diagnosis is specifically confirmed by a standing spinal radiograph showing a lateral curvature of the spine exceeding 10° [2]. A main concern in IS is the absence of reliable means by which to predict risk of progression, leading to frequent follow-ups, radiographs, and potentially unnecessary brace treatments. A furthermore understanding of the pathogenesis and genetics in IS might aid in identifying at-risk individuals, leading to an earlier diagnosis and possibly better preventive and therapeutic options [3].
Week 8 Sample Section ExampleWritten by Jennifer Oddy, Entitled.docx
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Written by Jennifer Oddy, Entitled: Distress And Coping of Mothers of Children With Muscular Dystrophy
Sampling Method, Sample, and Setting
Sampling method. The participants will be recruited by criterion purposive sampling by their doctors/nurses at the Muscular Dystrophy Association clinic at Boston Children’s Hospital.
Sample. Inclusion criteria are the following: (1) You are 21 years of age or greater; (2) are the mother of a child with muscular dystrophy; (3) your child is aged between 4 and 17 and was 10 years or younger at their first physical assessment by a primary care provider; (4) you provide roughly 75% or more of the home care for the child.
People will not be eligible for this study if they: (1) have been diagnosed with a mental health disorder (bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or have a physical addiction to drugs or alcohol); (2) if the child is currently residing in a long-term care facility.
The sample size will ideally be about 10 participants. Phenomenological studies tend to rely on very small samples, since there is one guiding principle for selecting the sample: all participants must have experienced the phenomenon and must be able to articulate what it is like to have lived the experience (Polit & Beck, 2012). Data will be collected until saturation is accomplished.
Setting. The proposed setting for this study is at the Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA) clinic at Boston Children’s Hospital located at 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA. There are two directors at the clinic, an orthopedic, and a pediatric neurologist. The team members include a social worker, physical therapist, and a genetic counselor. The number of patients at the clinic cannot be disclosed, however, Boston Children’s Hospital is considered an elite clinic and is included in the MDA network that supports clinical trials and research. The hospital offers the highest level of diagnostic and treatment services, with neurologists and other specialists being very experienced in treating children with muscular dystrophy.
Informed consent and ethical considerations
Before enrolling participants in this study, an informed consent must be signed and approved by an Institutional Review Board (IRB, Appendix A). This will be obtained from the Muscular Dystrophy Association clinic at Boston Children’s Hospital, as well as from Regis College. An application and proposal will be sent to the IRB, requesting approval for this study. Since there is minimal risk to subjects, an expedited review will be requested (Polit & Beck, 2012). There is a risk that the participant may have feelings of discomfort while discussing the experiences of caring for a child with muscular dystrophy. This will be minimized by the researcher with empathy and compassion. If the participant would like counseling, a call will be made to their primary care provider.
There are no foreseen ethical issues involved in this research study. The interviews will be ta ...
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Question 2 Help1. Not all media is created equally, so critical .docx
Question 2 Help
1. Not all media is created equally, so critical thinking is needed to digest what is presented.
2. In general, media depictions are inaccurate. This may be due to many factors—including but not limited to the following: (a) the media in the U.S.A. falls within the entertainment industry—not education or a government regulated agency, (b) shock value/sensationalism, (c) exaggerating taboo qualities, (d) stereotypes and biases within individuals who work for media corporations, (e) public preferences, and/or (f) the limited time and information sometimes available to the person in charge of the media presentation.
3. Negative representations lead to negative attitudes toward people with behavioral pathology.
4. The media both shapes public opinion and caters to public preferences. If there were no consumers for the product, there would be no sponsors and no media portrayals as they now exist. The students in this class are a part of the public and you make choices as consumers—like do other members of the public—which can encourage or discourage current practices in the media.
5. The type of media venue can greatly impact the degree and direction of the distortions or misinformation (e.g., news, dramas, comedies, biographical movies, social media, internet stories, magazines, documentaries, educational programming such as PBS).
6. Those who are educated would prefer that the focus of the media be redirected away from negative effects of psychopathology. Ideally, the media would use their resources to explore human consequences for psychopathology.
Question 3 Help
In favor of gender dysphoria being in the DSM-5. Differing thoughts on whether insurance should cover sex reassignment surgery (SRS) and hormone replacement—and whether insurance should cover reversals in the case of regret.
We were reminded that the key feature of inclusion in the DSM-5 as a psychiatric diagnosis was the presence of impairment in psychosocial functioning. Thus, looking at this criteria, if a person identified as being Transgender but is not experiencing any clinically significant distress or impairment in social, school, or other important areas of functioning, this individual would not be diagnosed with Gender Dysphoria according to the DSM-5. That being the case, the question then becomes is Gender Dysphoria the best diagnosis for such individuals or can they receive the treatment needed if this diagnosis is removed and what other diagnosis(es) in the DSM-5 would be appropriate for Transgender individuals who do show clinically significant distress or impairment in social, school, or other important areas of functioning if Gender Dysphoria is removed from the DSM?
The controversy extended to the ICD-10, and the instructor introduced another DSM-5 diagnosis for the class’ consideration that could apply to Transgender individuals who are experiencing distress that warrants intervention—not due to being Transgendered but due to homophobic discrimin ...
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14
Mental Health and Social Work
Shanae Hampton
Cal Baptist University
Introduction
How well a person is able to live a full life, build and maintain relationships and pursue their education, profession or other pursuits requires them to maintain their well-being ranging from physical to mental health. When assisting others to achieve good and self-motivated changes, social workers draw on their relationship-based abilities and emphasize personalization and rehabilitation. A key issue is, "What components and obstacles of an assessment are there in order to reach these outcomes?" When it comes to health promotion and public involvement, social workers are well-suited for this role since primary care is all about these things. Social workers who deal with mental health have unique challenges in assessment, which necessitates them learning and using psychiatric principles. Identifying the need for mental health care requires an understanding of assessment principles.
For this research, the focus is on urban youth's increase in mental health cases which is more influenced by lack of access to mental health care as a result of poverty that affects many children and families in the US. Young people are the most impacted by poverty, accounting for 33% of the total number of individuals in poverty. Children who live in "high risk neighborhoods" are more likely to lack access to the mental health supports they need to manage their symptoms. Stabilization, individual treatment, and symptom management are all important aspects of aftercare for children who have been hospitalized for behavioral difficulties by the time they are six years old (Hodgkinson, 2017).
Literature Review
Inequality based on race and class has been shown to be associated with a variety of negative health outcomes, including poor mental health. Increased financial disparity is associated with an increase in the prevalence of mental illness along a social gradient in mental health. However, psychiatric and psychological approaches have dominated ment ...
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Gender variance is an umbrella term availed to describe the behaviours, interests, appearance, expression, or an identity of persons who do not conform to culturally defined norms expected of their natal gender. Linked terms include gender nonconforming, gender creative, transgender, and, in Aboriginal culture, two-spirited. To meet the needs of such youth, there has been a aggrandize in the number of paediatric clinics in Canada, the United States, and Europe that typically specialize in the care of gender variant children and adolescents. For most youth, the natal gender (ie, the gender assumed mainly based on the physical sex characteristics present at birth) is consistent with their gender identity (a person’s intrinsic sense of self as male, female, or an alternative gender). In a small minority, moreover, there is a discrepancy between assigned (or natal) gender and gender identity. The distress that is caused by this discrepancy is called gender dysphoria (GD) [1]
Gender dysphoria state
Idiopathic scoliosis (IS), the most general form of spinal deformity, affects otherwise healthy children and adolescents during growth (Fig: 1). It usually presents as a rib hump visible at forward bending, together with unlevelled shoulders and an asymmetrical waist [1]. According to Cobb, the diagnosis is specifically confirmed by a standing spinal radiograph showing a lateral curvature of the spine exceeding 10° [2]. A main concern in IS is the absence of reliable means by which to predict risk of progression, leading to frequent follow-ups, radiographs, and potentially unnecessary brace treatments. A furthermore understanding of the pathogenesis and genetics in IS might aid in identifying at-risk individuals, leading to an earlier diagnosis and possibly better preventive and therapeutic options [3].
Week 8 Sample Section ExampleWritten by Jennifer Oddy, Entitled.docx
Week 8 Sample Section Example
Written by Jennifer Oddy, Entitled: Distress And Coping of Mothers of Children With Muscular Dystrophy
Sampling Method, Sample, and Setting
Sampling method. The participants will be recruited by criterion purposive sampling by their doctors/nurses at the Muscular Dystrophy Association clinic at Boston Children’s Hospital.
Sample. Inclusion criteria are the following: (1) You are 21 years of age or greater; (2) are the mother of a child with muscular dystrophy; (3) your child is aged between 4 and 17 and was 10 years or younger at their first physical assessment by a primary care provider; (4) you provide roughly 75% or more of the home care for the child.
People will not be eligible for this study if they: (1) have been diagnosed with a mental health disorder (bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, or have a physical addiction to drugs or alcohol); (2) if the child is currently residing in a long-term care facility.
The sample size will ideally be about 10 participants. Phenomenological studies tend to rely on very small samples, since there is one guiding principle for selecting the sample: all participants must have experienced the phenomenon and must be able to articulate what it is like to have lived the experience (Polit & Beck, 2012). Data will be collected until saturation is accomplished.
Setting. The proposed setting for this study is at the Muscular Dystrophy Association (MDA) clinic at Boston Children’s Hospital located at 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA. There are two directors at the clinic, an orthopedic, and a pediatric neurologist. The team members include a social worker, physical therapist, and a genetic counselor. The number of patients at the clinic cannot be disclosed, however, Boston Children’s Hospital is considered an elite clinic and is included in the MDA network that supports clinical trials and research. The hospital offers the highest level of diagnostic and treatment services, with neurologists and other specialists being very experienced in treating children with muscular dystrophy.
Informed consent and ethical considerations
Before enrolling participants in this study, an informed consent must be signed and approved by an Institutional Review Board (IRB, Appendix A). This will be obtained from the Muscular Dystrophy Association clinic at Boston Children’s Hospital, as well as from Regis College. An application and proposal will be sent to the IRB, requesting approval for this study. Since there is minimal risk to subjects, an expedited review will be requested (Polit & Beck, 2012). There is a risk that the participant may have feelings of discomfort while discussing the experiences of caring for a child with muscular dystrophy. This will be minimized by the researcher with empathy and compassion. If the participant would like counseling, a call will be made to their primary care provider.
There are no foreseen ethical issues involved in this research study. The interviews will be ta ...
Standards of care for gender identity disorders sixth version wpath - 2001
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Question 2 Help1. Not all media is created equally, so critical .docx
Question 2 Help
1. Not all media is created equally, so critical thinking is needed to digest what is presented.
2. In general, media depictions are inaccurate. This may be due to many factors—including but not limited to the following: (a) the media in the U.S.A. falls within the entertainment industry—not education or a government regulated agency, (b) shock value/sensationalism, (c) exaggerating taboo qualities, (d) stereotypes and biases within individuals who work for media corporations, (e) public preferences, and/or (f) the limited time and information sometimes available to the person in charge of the media presentation.
3. Negative representations lead to negative attitudes toward people with behavioral pathology.
4. The media both shapes public opinion and caters to public preferences. If there were no consumers for the product, there would be no sponsors and no media portrayals as they now exist. The students in this class are a part of the public and you make choices as consumers—like do other members of the public—which can encourage or discourage current practices in the media.
5. The type of media venue can greatly impact the degree and direction of the distortions or misinformation (e.g., news, dramas, comedies, biographical movies, social media, internet stories, magazines, documentaries, educational programming such as PBS).
6. Those who are educated would prefer that the focus of the media be redirected away from negative effects of psychopathology. Ideally, the media would use their resources to explore human consequences for psychopathology.
Question 3 Help
In favor of gender dysphoria being in the DSM-5. Differing thoughts on whether insurance should cover sex reassignment surgery (SRS) and hormone replacement—and whether insurance should cover reversals in the case of regret.
We were reminded that the key feature of inclusion in the DSM-5 as a psychiatric diagnosis was the presence of impairment in psychosocial functioning. Thus, looking at this criteria, if a person identified as being Transgender but is not experiencing any clinically significant distress or impairment in social, school, or other important areas of functioning, this individual would not be diagnosed with Gender Dysphoria according to the DSM-5. That being the case, the question then becomes is Gender Dysphoria the best diagnosis for such individuals or can they receive the treatment needed if this diagnosis is removed and what other diagnosis(es) in the DSM-5 would be appropriate for Transgender individuals who do show clinically significant distress or impairment in social, school, or other important areas of functioning if Gender Dysphoria is removed from the DSM?
The controversy extended to the ICD-10, and the instructor introduced another DSM-5 diagnosis for the class’ consideration that could apply to Transgender individuals who are experiencing distress that warrants intervention—not due to being Transgendered but due to homophobic discrimin ...
2002 learning from latino families afta research conference
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Presentation at AFTA Clinical Research Conference Ontario, Canada 2002 OctoberResearch-Based Interventions Dissociative Identity Disorder1.docx
Research-Based Interventions: Dissociative Identity Disorder 1
THIS IS AN EXAMPLE PLEASE DO NO COPY DO NOT PLAGiarism
Research-Based Interventions: Dissociative Identity Disorder
“Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by the presence of two or more identities or personality states, each with its relatively enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and the self” (Vermetten, Schmahl, Lindner, Loewenstein, & Bremner, 2006). There are many characteristics used that accompany Dissociative Disorder (DID). One method to understanding would be to know how the disorders are classified and defined. DID may be conceptualized effectively using the diathesis-stress model. There are many different intervention strategies for this disorder as well. Over time researchers have discovered the most effective treatments and interventions that can be used regarding DID. When one dissociates, the person may not have conscious awareness of what is happening (Vermetten, Schmahl, Lindner, Loewenstein, & Bremner, 2006).
Peer-reviewed Articles
One limitless, longitudinal, naturalistic, and prospective study investigated childhood maltreatment (CM) in adult intimate partner violence (IPV) victims among Dissociative Disorder (DD) patients with Dissociative Identity Disorder with CM rates of 80-95% and severe dissociative symptoms (Webermann, Brand, & Chasson, 2014). The methods of this study include 275 DD outpatient therapy patients who completed a self-reported measure of dissociation (Webermann, Brand, & Chasson, 2014). Analyses assessed associations between CM typologies, trait dissociation, and IPV (Webermann, Brand, & Chasson, 2014). The results of this study include emotional and physical child abuse associated with childhood witnessing of domestic violence, physical, and emotional IPV (Webermann, Brand, & Chasson, 2014) Two-tailed independent samples t -tests and z-tests were used in this study to represent data as well. “As an effect size, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to predict the likelihood of a participant being in an abusive adult relationship if they experienced a particular type of CM” (Webermann, Brand, & Chasson, 2014, p. 5).
A double-blind study was conducted including 15 females with DID compared to 23 without psychopathology., chosen by self-disclosure results of a questionnaire along with a structured clinical interview by psychiatrists The objective was to examine the volumetric differences between amygdala and hippocampal volumes in patients with dissociative identity disorder, a disorder that has been associated with a history of severe childhood trauma (Vermetten, Schmahl, Lindner, Loewenstein, & Bremner, 2006). These researchers used MRI to measure volumes of the amygdala and hippocampus. The results included the volume of the hippocampus being 19.2 % smaller and the amygdala being 31.6% smaller in patients with DID when compared to the other subjects without psychopath ...
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ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 1 .docx
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
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ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 2
Evidence Based Practice Grant Proposal
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Grant Proposal-Assessing the role of stigma towards mental health patients in help seeking
Study problem
There are several studies that have shown that stigmatization towards mental health patients have been present throughout history and even despite the evolution in modern medicine and advanced treatment. For example, Verhaeghe et al., (2014), captures in a publication in reference to a study that he conducted that stigmatization towards mental health patients has been there even as early is in the 18th Century. People were hesitant to interact with people termed or perceived to have mental health conditions.
Stigmatization has resulted from the belief that those with mental problem are aggressive and dangerous creating a social distance (Szeto et al., 2017). Also, mental health-related stigma has become of major concern as it creates crucial barriers to access treatment and quality care since it not only influences the behaviour of the patients but also the attitude of the providers hence impacting help-seeking. Timmermann, Uhrenfeldt and Birkelund (2014), have identified stigma as a barrier that is of significance to care or help seeking while the extent to which it still remains a barrier have not been reviewed deeply. Therefore, this study will assess the role contributed by stigma in help seeking in depth. 1. Purpose
The intention of the research study is to review the association between stigma, mental illness and help seeking in order to formulate ways in which the stigma that is around mental health is done away with to enable as many people suffering from mental health complications to seek medical help.2. Background
Mental health is crucial in every stage of life. It is defined as the state of psychological well-being whereby the individual realizes a satisfactory integration instinctual drive acceptable to both oneself and his or her social setting (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). The status of mental health influences physical health, relationships, and most importantly day-to-day life. Mental health problems arise when there is a disruption in mental well-being.
The risk factors to mental health problems are not limited and therefore everyone is entitled to the problem irrespective of gender, economic status, and ethnic group. For example, data shows that in America one out of five individuals experience mental health problems annually; with mental disorders being recognized as the leading cause of disability not only in the United States but also globally (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). Mental health disorders are seen to be complex and of many forms such as anxiety, mood, and schizophren.
Response Post #1Culture is defined as customary beliefs, soc.docx
Response Post #1
Culture is defined as customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group (Webster, 2019). Competence suggests having the capacity to function effectively as an individual and an organization within the context of cultural beliefs, behaviors, and needs presented by consumers and their communities (CDC, 2015). In healthcare, it is very important to be aware of different culture backgrounds. It helps with not only being able to communicate effectively but also knowing what diseases, sickness, etc. that the person is at greatest risk for. For example, in the treatment of depression, compared with white Americans, black and Latino patients are actually less likely to receive treatment (Ball et al., 2019).
The patient I was given is a 14 year old biracial male living with his grandmother in a high-density public housing complex. For the purpose of obtain a health history with this particular patient it is important to consider everything about this patient. The patients age, sex, ethnicity, living conditions, etc. will all need to be taken into account. This particular age group are reluctant to talk and have a definite need for confidentiality (Ball et al., 2019). It is important that adolescent patients be given the opportunity to speak to you privately about concerns or issues that they may have (Ball et al., 2019). It is meaningful that you let the patient know the limits of confidentiality and that if any information provided suggests that an adolescence safety or others safety may be at risk, that its grounds to “break” confidentiality (Ball et al., 2019). Prior to the office visit, there a previsit questionnaires and screeners that the patient can fill out and this sometimes helps allow the patient to write down concerns or have a choice of concerns (Ball et al., 2019). Then based off the answers, it can help you ask appropriate questions during the interviewing process.
Based off of the patients age, ethnicity, and living conditions I would use the HEEADSSS screening tool. This screening tool assess the home environment, education/employment, eating, activities, drugs, sexuality, suicide/depression, and safety from injury and violence (Ball et al., 2019). Questions that can be asked needs to be open ended questions such as …
Tell me about where you live?
How are you liking school?
What do you like to do, any activities in school or out of school?
Do you ever hang out with your friends outside of school? What do you like to do? Are you ever in situations that make you uncomfortable? Have you ever tried drugs or alcohol?
In order to assess for suicide/depression, there are screening tools. The screening questions may include asking about sleep disorders, appetite/eating behavior change, feelings of “boredom”, emotional outbursts and highly impulsive behavior, hopeless/helpless feeling, history of family with depression or suicide, suicidal ideation, history of psychosocial/em.
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS REPORT .docx
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS REPORT 2
Decision Tree: Personality Disorders
Frank Jones
Sam’s University
Nurs 3333: PMHNP Role IV
Dr. Joe Mark
October 20 , 2010
Running head: DECISION TREE 1
DECISION TREE 6
Decision Tree: Personality Disorders
As described by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) (2013), ‘‘personality disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment’’. There are different types of personality disorders classified into three clusters. Cluster A individuals are described as the odd or eccentric, cluster B as the dramatic, emotional, or erratic and cluster C as the anxious or fearful. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the case study of a young woman with personality disorder. This paper will explore threes decisions relating to differential diagnosis, psychotherapy and psychopharmacology based on the presented clinical manifestations.
Decision One
The clinical manifestation presented in the case study are indicative of more than one personality disorder, specifically borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Patients exhibits a fear of abandonment which aligns with BPD. The patient mentioned an interpersonal relationship involvement which she exhibited idolization for the man of her interest, and now is devaluing the man. This is also evident in BPD as outlined by diagnostic criteria set forth by the APA (2013).
My diagnosis for this patient is ASPD, because the client exhibits clinical manifestations of ASPD than BPD. One of the reasons that led me to the diagnosis of ASPD is the client’s lack of remorse. The client stole from a friend, instead of being sorry, client’s blames friend instead. Client exhibits lack of respect for social norm and failure to comply with the law as evidenced by more than one record of arrest. The client fails to upholding financial obligation and is deceitful. Client shows irresponsibility evidenced by inability to keep a job. These presentations are evident in clients with ASPD as outlined in the DSM-5.
The two personality disorders which are classified as cluster B personality disorders by the APA (2013) have clinical manifestations which overlap, thus needs to be ruled out as differential diagnoses for each other. As described on the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, BPD and ASD have similar features of impulsivity, aggression and manipulative behaviors, which client exhibits in the case study. The differing manifes ...
Stigma and Discrimination against the Mentally Ill YouthTh.docx
Stigma and Discrimination against the Mentally Ill Youth
The topic selected for the research question is Stigma and Discrimination against the Mentally Ill Youth. Stigma against mentally ill youths is prevalent in our society today. The problem of stigma against the mentally ill teenagers is that it could hinder them from accessing the medical help that they need. It is wrong to discriminate mentally ill youths, and this stigma should be avoided. The community should see the person rather than looking at the mental condition. Stigma and discrimination of people with mental illness is a prevalent problem in the society today. Stigma can pervade the lives of those suffering from mental challenges. According to research, stigma and discrimination of mentally ill youths can affect self-esteem and rob people social opportunities, which can result in people to lack happiness. Issues such as denied opportunities of employment can affect social and emotional wellbeing of the patients. Sadly, people with mental problems can make their difficulties worse if they are face stigma in the society. According to medical experts, many patients may respond slowly or make it to recover when they face stigma and discrimination because it can increase depression and other related challenges.
Abstract
Population of Interest
My population of interest is mentally ill youths. It is surprising to now that many children and youth have mental illness. Roughly, 14% of young people tend to face mental illness at some point during the development phase. Mental illness is a significant problem and we must address it head on to reduce the adverse effects and promote positive social changes in the society. Mental illness is a significant problem. Approximately 60% of mental illnesses show up before the age of 18 years. This condition has a significant impact on a child's development. Mentally ill youths are the most affected in terms of stigma and discrimination. It is essential to study this group so that we can understand why do people discriminate and stigmatize the mentally ill youths and how can this behavior be dealt with.
Equality Act of 2010
Mental health is a condition, which is considered as a disability, especially if it has a long term effect on the day-to-day life of the patient. The Equality Act 2010 may apply to this case. The act protects disabled people from facing unfair treatment. The Equality Act 2010 says that it is wrong to harass, discriminate, or victimize people because of their disability. The act also protects mentally ill people from facing discrimination at the workplace. The law further protects the patients when they want services such as housing, education, and others.
Moreover, it is essential to talk openly about the problem of stigma and discrimination against people with mental illness because it will promote education and awareness in society. Lastly, it is important to educate society about the problem because many people are not aw.
You are not Alone: Mental Health Across America
This is a policy brief I designed for my Family Policy class. The policy brief address the many issues that families face when their loved one does not have appropriate support and access to adequate help throughout their communities.
Some Tips Toward Gender Affirmative care in Mental Health Counseling
Some Tips Toward Gender Affirmative care in Mental Health CounselingChristianna Flynn, M.A., LPC Eligible
This presentation provides insight into the transgender experience in counseling. In particular, this project focused on transgender men. Find information about common topics in counseling, ethical considerations, social challenges and healthcare concerns. Awareness leads to more competent care, our ethical responsibility. The AssignmentRespond to at least two of your colleag.docx
The Assignment:
Respond
to at least
two
of your colleagues by providing one alternative therapeutic approach. Explain why you suggest this alternative and support your suggestion with evidence-based literature and/or your own experiences with clients. In APA Format, Cite and Provide at least 2 references no more five year old for each responses.
Colleagues
Respond# 1
Paranoid Personality Disorder (301.0), which comes out of general personality disorder. These individuals have a constant distrust and suspicion of others around them, thinking that everyone has a motive against them. These patients start having problems from childhood and it presents in a variety of ways. Some of them are being apprehensive and doubtful of others thinking they are going to exploit, harm, or deceive them. Constantly preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of the people closest to them. Reluctant to confide with the fear that their information will be used maliciously against them. Persistently bears grudges, perceives attacks on their character when it is not so and quick to react with ager or counterattack (A.P.A., 2013).
These individuals or personality disorders are usually treated with cognitive behavioral therapy, which is a collaborative process of empirical investigation, reality testing, and problem-solving between the therapist and the patient (Wheeler, 2014). Depending on what other underlying issues or disorders they have, other therapeutic therapies can also be introduced but for the most part, CBT is the one that is used often for personality disorders. for PPD medication is usually not given and psychotherapy is the route, but depending on what other extreme symptoms the patient may have like anxiety or depression, then medications can be given for them. Unfortunately, these individuals don’t see that they have problems and usually don’t seek medical help, which makes for a poor quality of life for these individuals. It is common for them to have other comorbidities such as substance misuse disorder, major depressive disorder, agoraphobia and OCD (Vollm et al, 2011).
The essential feature here with these patients is distrust and being suspicious of others and their surroundings, therefore in order to be able to have any kind of therapeutic or therapist relationship with them one has to first get their trust completely. Make them feel that you are completely on their side by sharing with them that you respect what they believe but you don’t share it or have the same belief, that you have nothing that can harm them, that you are genuine and are there only for them (Carroll, 2018). Once that is established, which may take some time and patience on the therapist part, then little by little we can point various things out to them to help them see that what they perceived as evil is not it and from these little examples that are clarified then we can explain to them the disorder or problem they have.
Colle.
Reply to Comment· Collapse SubdiscussionEmilia EgwimEmil.docx
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·
Collapse SubdiscussionEmilia Egwim
Emilia Egwim
8:33amDec 21 at 8:33am
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Discussion for Comprehensive Focused Soap Psychiatric Evaluation
Hello Lovelyne
Great presentation; I really enjoy reading your presentation about your patient Joey which is very informative. Autism Spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is associated with tenacious predicaments in social communication and interaction in addition with limited, continual model of behaviors. According to study by Fitzpatrick et al; indicated that aggression behavior are noted to be increased in individual with ASD than when compared with other neurodevelopmental impairments (2016). This aggressive behavioral issues has been indicated by studies to relate with obstructive consequences for children diagnosed with ASD and their care providers resulting in reduced quality of life, heightened stress levels and decreased accessibility of educational and social adaptation/acceptance. Studies indicated that establishing effective therapeutic and pharmacological intervention approach for treatment as well as preventing aggressive behavior is imperative for reaching to better outcomes for individual with ASD. The patient in this case presentation had history of ASD and endorses aggression and self-injuries behaviors which have been indicated by various studies to associated with ASD and other manifestation including hyperactive, impulsive, inattentive behavior, unusual mood or emotional reaction.
To answer your question “
Is Risperidone FDA approved for patients with Autism”
Based on various studies, Risperidone and aripiprazole are approved by FDA and recommended for treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar for adult and adolescent including children with Autism Spectrum disorder around age 5 to 16 years. The Risperidone an antipsychotic medication was recommended to treat the aggression, irritability and mood swings associated with ASD. According to study; Risperidone has been effecting in treating symptoms of aggression and irritability between the age of 5 and 6 years distinctly that is associated with ASD, however, there’s no FDA approved medication for treatment of core sign and symptoms of ASD (Alayouf et al, 2021). There have been several controversy surrounding the use of Risperidone in which several clinician trials conducted reported that the medication was effective for the agitation, aggression and irritability often observed in autism patient, but was less effective in treating the core symptoms of Autism and other argument including the undesirable side effects that are associated with the medication and most significant of which is weight gain from an increased appetite. Other several medication as well as off-label prescription has been indicated to be effective such as treatment with SSRIs, CNS stimulants, NMDA-receptor antagonists, and including other agents (LeClerc & Easley, 2015). I completely agree with th.
I need a response to this assignment 1 page3references.docx
I need a response to this assignment
1 page
3references
Psychiatric Nursing and mental health nursing are gaining popularity in the nursing field. Research by Santhini (2019) suggests that a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner has a diverse job description that focuses on the mental health dynamics of individuals that contributes to a productive life. According to the
American Psychiatric Nurses Association
(APNA), psychiatric nurses are experts in crisis intervention, mental health assessment, medication and therapy, and patient assistance (Santhini, 2019). Research further suggests that though mental health patients are being treated by psychologists, psychiatrist or mental health counselors, the role of psychiatric nurses play a vital role in the mental health or psychiatric care treatment of the patients (Santhini, 2019).
For the nurse practitioner to become a social change agent, there is no need to reinvent the wheel. Improving information, facts, statistics, and strategies will all play vital roles with patients dealing with mental health. Empowering people to change their roles in the mental health system, becoming more active participants in their treatment plan, and often pushing for improvements in the quality of services would contribute to an improvement (Corrigan & Watson, 2002). The aspect of building self-esteem, which is feelings of accomplishment on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, is a vital psychological aspect needed by the individual. This process can be approached from multiple approaches, but the basic needs must be met first. Treating the individual on a holistic level would increase the dynamics of accomplishing improvement in mental health. For example, engaging and networking with individuals with mental illness that has the functional ability to contribute to a society that includes a secure job, a family, and a positive outlook. Implement new cutting-edge technology to penetrate the negative barriers of mental illness on a platform (Corrigan & Watson, 2002).
One of the optimal nurse’s standard is to advocate for the patient. To become an active advocate of change, ethics, and morals play an essential role in the recipe. As a medical professional with credentials, the total care of the patient is the pinnacle of purpose. The vital activities of psychiatric mental health nurses include providing safe therapeutic procedures to the patients or clients on the day-to-day problems they face (Santhini, 2019). This also includes identifying drug therapy reactions and conducting psychotherapy. As an advocate for mental health, the change must focus on the provider to continue utilizing relevant evidence-based theories for effective best practices. Educating the patient to understand the illness, the process, and to combat the negative labels that are self-inflicted, public inflicted, and culturally inflicted labels (Corrigan & Watson, 2002). Conducting seminars, continuous research, and b.
Running Head ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH1ADVANCED NURSING RES.docx
Running Head: ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
1
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
4
Advanced Nursing Research (Research Study)
Student Name
Institution-Affiliated
Different Parts of a Research Study
Research topic
A systematic review of the association between stigma and or on help-seeking among mental health patients.
Research Problem
Stigma or the process of labelling, discrimination and prejudice towards individuals suffering from mental health problems is considered to have numerous adverse consequences compared to the health conditions themselves according to Thornicroft, Mehta, Clement, Evans-Lacko, Doherty, Rose & Henderson, (2016). In addition, research has found stigma to be responsible for the failure of numerous individuals suffering from mental health to seek help from both their close relatives or trusted individuals and from healthcare providers (Clement, Schauman, Graham, Maggioni, Evans-Lacko, Bezborodovs, Thornicroft, 2015).
Given an increase in mental health disorders and the challenges that such disorders pose to both individuals and society, numerous studies have been conducted to examine the association between stigma and help-seeking among mental health patients. However, research has largely focused on the attitudes that constitute stigma towards mental health patients and little on the interventions required to reduce or eradicate stigma. Moreover, since the failure to reduce stigma prevents mental health patients from seeking help and hence worsening their conditions, there is need for further studies regarding the association between stigma and help-seeking and the need to reduce stigma making the study not only relevant but significant.
Research purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the association between stigma and help-seeking among mental health patients and to identify proven strategies or actionable recommendation for reducing stigma.
Research objectives
The objective of the study will be to (1) Explore the extent to which stigma posses a barrier to help-seeking among mental health patients, (2) Identify whether stigma affects certain populations more than others and (3) propose strategies that can help reduce stigma.
Research question
The study will aim to answer the following questions (1) What is the association between stigma towards mental health patients and help-seeking? (2) To what extent does stigma constitute a barrier to the search for help among mental health patients and (3) Are there populations that are more deterred from seeking help due to stigma?
Research hypothesis
Ho: Stigma towards mental health patients deters them from seeking help
Ha: There is no association between stigma and the search for help among mental health patients.
In addition, the study hypothesizes that a reduction in stigma would result in increased help-seeking among mental health patients.
References
Clement, S., Schauman, O., Graham, T., Maggioni, F., Evans-Lacko, S., Bezborodovs, N., ... & Thornicroft, G. (2.
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Research-Based Interventions: Dissociative Identity Disorder 1
THIS IS AN EXAMPLE PLEASE DO NO COPY DO NOT PLAGiarism
Research-Based Interventions: Dissociative Identity Disorder
“Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by the presence of two or more identities or personality states, each with its relatively enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and the self” (Vermetten, Schmahl, Lindner, Loewenstein, & Bremner, 2006). There are many characteristics used that accompany Dissociative Disorder (DID). One method to understanding would be to know how the disorders are classified and defined. DID may be conceptualized effectively using the diathesis-stress model. There are many different intervention strategies for this disorder as well. Over time researchers have discovered the most effective treatments and interventions that can be used regarding DID. When one dissociates, the person may not have conscious awareness of what is happening (Vermetten, Schmahl, Lindner, Loewenstein, & Bremner, 2006).
Peer-reviewed Articles
One limitless, longitudinal, naturalistic, and prospective study investigated childhood maltreatment (CM) in adult intimate partner violence (IPV) victims among Dissociative Disorder (DD) patients with Dissociative Identity Disorder with CM rates of 80-95% and severe dissociative symptoms (Webermann, Brand, & Chasson, 2014). The methods of this study include 275 DD outpatient therapy patients who completed a self-reported measure of dissociation (Webermann, Brand, & Chasson, 2014). Analyses assessed associations between CM typologies, trait dissociation, and IPV (Webermann, Brand, & Chasson, 2014). The results of this study include emotional and physical child abuse associated with childhood witnessing of domestic violence, physical, and emotional IPV (Webermann, Brand, & Chasson, 2014) Two-tailed independent samples t -tests and z-tests were used in this study to represent data as well. “As an effect size, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to predict the likelihood of a participant being in an abusive adult relationship if they experienced a particular type of CM” (Webermann, Brand, & Chasson, 2014, p. 5).
A double-blind study was conducted including 15 females with DID compared to 23 without psychopathology., chosen by self-disclosure results of a questionnaire along with a structured clinical interview by psychiatrists The objective was to examine the volumetric differences between amygdala and hippocampal volumes in patients with dissociative identity disorder, a disorder that has been associated with a history of severe childhood trauma (Vermetten, Schmahl, Lindner, Loewenstein, & Bremner, 2006). These researchers used MRI to measure volumes of the amygdala and hippocampus. The results included the volume of the hippocampus being 19.2 % smaller and the amygdala being 31.6% smaller in patients with DID when compared to the other subjects without psychopath ...
2 days ago sherry roberts week 11 main post gender dysphoria
2 days ago sherry roberts week 11 main post gender dysphoria
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 1 .docx
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
1
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 2
Evidence Based Practice Grant Proposal
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Grant Proposal-Assessing the role of stigma towards mental health patients in help seeking
Study problem
There are several studies that have shown that stigmatization towards mental health patients have been present throughout history and even despite the evolution in modern medicine and advanced treatment. For example, Verhaeghe et al., (2014), captures in a publication in reference to a study that he conducted that stigmatization towards mental health patients has been there even as early is in the 18th Century. People were hesitant to interact with people termed or perceived to have mental health conditions.
Stigmatization has resulted from the belief that those with mental problem are aggressive and dangerous creating a social distance (Szeto et al., 2017). Also, mental health-related stigma has become of major concern as it creates crucial barriers to access treatment and quality care since it not only influences the behaviour of the patients but also the attitude of the providers hence impacting help-seeking. Timmermann, Uhrenfeldt and Birkelund (2014), have identified stigma as a barrier that is of significance to care or help seeking while the extent to which it still remains a barrier have not been reviewed deeply. Therefore, this study will assess the role contributed by stigma in help seeking in depth. 1. Purpose
The intention of the research study is to review the association between stigma, mental illness and help seeking in order to formulate ways in which the stigma that is around mental health is done away with to enable as many people suffering from mental health complications to seek medical help.2. Background
Mental health is crucial in every stage of life. It is defined as the state of psychological well-being whereby the individual realizes a satisfactory integration instinctual drive acceptable to both oneself and his or her social setting (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). The status of mental health influences physical health, relationships, and most importantly day-to-day life. Mental health problems arise when there is a disruption in mental well-being.
The risk factors to mental health problems are not limited and therefore everyone is entitled to the problem irrespective of gender, economic status, and ethnic group. For example, data shows that in America one out of five individuals experience mental health problems annually; with mental disorders being recognized as the leading cause of disability not only in the United States but also globally (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). Mental health disorders are seen to be complex and of many forms such as anxiety, mood, and schizophren.
Response Post #1Culture is defined as customary beliefs, soc.docx
Response Post #1
Culture is defined as customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group (Webster, 2019). Competence suggests having the capacity to function effectively as an individual and an organization within the context of cultural beliefs, behaviors, and needs presented by consumers and their communities (CDC, 2015). In healthcare, it is very important to be aware of different culture backgrounds. It helps with not only being able to communicate effectively but also knowing what diseases, sickness, etc. that the person is at greatest risk for. For example, in the treatment of depression, compared with white Americans, black and Latino patients are actually less likely to receive treatment (Ball et al., 2019).
The patient I was given is a 14 year old biracial male living with his grandmother in a high-density public housing complex. For the purpose of obtain a health history with this particular patient it is important to consider everything about this patient. The patients age, sex, ethnicity, living conditions, etc. will all need to be taken into account. This particular age group are reluctant to talk and have a definite need for confidentiality (Ball et al., 2019). It is important that adolescent patients be given the opportunity to speak to you privately about concerns or issues that they may have (Ball et al., 2019). It is meaningful that you let the patient know the limits of confidentiality and that if any information provided suggests that an adolescence safety or others safety may be at risk, that its grounds to “break” confidentiality (Ball et al., 2019). Prior to the office visit, there a previsit questionnaires and screeners that the patient can fill out and this sometimes helps allow the patient to write down concerns or have a choice of concerns (Ball et al., 2019). Then based off the answers, it can help you ask appropriate questions during the interviewing process.
Based off of the patients age, ethnicity, and living conditions I would use the HEEADSSS screening tool. This screening tool assess the home environment, education/employment, eating, activities, drugs, sexuality, suicide/depression, and safety from injury and violence (Ball et al., 2019). Questions that can be asked needs to be open ended questions such as …
Tell me about where you live?
How are you liking school?
What do you like to do, any activities in school or out of school?
Do you ever hang out with your friends outside of school? What do you like to do? Are you ever in situations that make you uncomfortable? Have you ever tried drugs or alcohol?
In order to assess for suicide/depression, there are screening tools. The screening questions may include asking about sleep disorders, appetite/eating behavior change, feelings of “boredom”, emotional outbursts and highly impulsive behavior, hopeless/helpless feeling, history of family with depression or suicide, suicidal ideation, history of psychosocial/em.
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS REPORT .docx
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS REPORT 2
Decision Tree: Personality Disorders
Frank Jones
Sam’s University
Nurs 3333: PMHNP Role IV
Dr. Joe Mark
October 20 , 2010
Running head: DECISION TREE 1
DECISION TREE 6
Decision Tree: Personality Disorders
As described by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) (2013), ‘‘personality disorder is an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment’’. There are different types of personality disorders classified into three clusters. Cluster A individuals are described as the odd or eccentric, cluster B as the dramatic, emotional, or erratic and cluster C as the anxious or fearful. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the case study of a young woman with personality disorder. This paper will explore threes decisions relating to differential diagnosis, psychotherapy and psychopharmacology based on the presented clinical manifestations.
Decision One
The clinical manifestation presented in the case study are indicative of more than one personality disorder, specifically borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Patients exhibits a fear of abandonment which aligns with BPD. The patient mentioned an interpersonal relationship involvement which she exhibited idolization for the man of her interest, and now is devaluing the man. This is also evident in BPD as outlined by diagnostic criteria set forth by the APA (2013).
My diagnosis for this patient is ASPD, because the client exhibits clinical manifestations of ASPD than BPD. One of the reasons that led me to the diagnosis of ASPD is the client’s lack of remorse. The client stole from a friend, instead of being sorry, client’s blames friend instead. Client exhibits lack of respect for social norm and failure to comply with the law as evidenced by more than one record of arrest. The client fails to upholding financial obligation and is deceitful. Client shows irresponsibility evidenced by inability to keep a job. These presentations are evident in clients with ASPD as outlined in the DSM-5.
The two personality disorders which are classified as cluster B personality disorders by the APA (2013) have clinical manifestations which overlap, thus needs to be ruled out as differential diagnoses for each other. As described on the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, BPD and ASD have similar features of impulsivity, aggression and manipulative behaviors, which client exhibits in the case study. The differing manifes ...
Stigma and Discrimination against the Mentally Ill YouthTh.docx
Stigma and Discrimination against the Mentally Ill Youth
The topic selected for the research question is Stigma and Discrimination against the Mentally Ill Youth. Stigma against mentally ill youths is prevalent in our society today. The problem of stigma against the mentally ill teenagers is that it could hinder them from accessing the medical help that they need. It is wrong to discriminate mentally ill youths, and this stigma should be avoided. The community should see the person rather than looking at the mental condition. Stigma and discrimination of people with mental illness is a prevalent problem in the society today. Stigma can pervade the lives of those suffering from mental challenges. According to research, stigma and discrimination of mentally ill youths can affect self-esteem and rob people social opportunities, which can result in people to lack happiness. Issues such as denied opportunities of employment can affect social and emotional wellbeing of the patients. Sadly, people with mental problems can make their difficulties worse if they are face stigma in the society. According to medical experts, many patients may respond slowly or make it to recover when they face stigma and discrimination because it can increase depression and other related challenges.
Abstract
Population of Interest
My population of interest is mentally ill youths. It is surprising to now that many children and youth have mental illness. Roughly, 14% of young people tend to face mental illness at some point during the development phase. Mental illness is a significant problem and we must address it head on to reduce the adverse effects and promote positive social changes in the society. Mental illness is a significant problem. Approximately 60% of mental illnesses show up before the age of 18 years. This condition has a significant impact on a child's development. Mentally ill youths are the most affected in terms of stigma and discrimination. It is essential to study this group so that we can understand why do people discriminate and stigmatize the mentally ill youths and how can this behavior be dealt with.
Equality Act of 2010
Mental health is a condition, which is considered as a disability, especially if it has a long term effect on the day-to-day life of the patient. The Equality Act 2010 may apply to this case. The act protects disabled people from facing unfair treatment. The Equality Act 2010 says that it is wrong to harass, discriminate, or victimize people because of their disability. The act also protects mentally ill people from facing discrimination at the workplace. The law further protects the patients when they want services such as housing, education, and others.
Moreover, it is essential to talk openly about the problem of stigma and discrimination against people with mental illness because it will promote education and awareness in society. Lastly, it is important to educate society about the problem because many people are not aw.
You are not Alone: Mental Health Across America
This is a policy brief I designed for my Family Policy class. The policy brief address the many issues that families face when their loved one does not have appropriate support and access to adequate help throughout their communities.
Some Tips Toward Gender Affirmative care in Mental Health Counseling
Some Tips Toward Gender Affirmative care in Mental Health CounselingChristianna Flynn, M.A., LPC Eligible
This presentation provides insight into the transgender experience in counseling. In particular, this project focused on transgender men. Find information about common topics in counseling, ethical considerations, social challenges and healthcare concerns. Awareness leads to more competent care, our ethical responsibility. The AssignmentRespond to at least two of your colleag.docx
The Assignment:
Respond
to at least
two
of your colleagues by providing one alternative therapeutic approach. Explain why you suggest this alternative and support your suggestion with evidence-based literature and/or your own experiences with clients. In APA Format, Cite and Provide at least 2 references no more five year old for each responses.
Colleagues
Respond# 1
Paranoid Personality Disorder (301.0), which comes out of general personality disorder. These individuals have a constant distrust and suspicion of others around them, thinking that everyone has a motive against them. These patients start having problems from childhood and it presents in a variety of ways. Some of them are being apprehensive and doubtful of others thinking they are going to exploit, harm, or deceive them. Constantly preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of the people closest to them. Reluctant to confide with the fear that their information will be used maliciously against them. Persistently bears grudges, perceives attacks on their character when it is not so and quick to react with ager or counterattack (A.P.A., 2013).
These individuals or personality disorders are usually treated with cognitive behavioral therapy, which is a collaborative process of empirical investigation, reality testing, and problem-solving between the therapist and the patient (Wheeler, 2014). Depending on what other underlying issues or disorders they have, other therapeutic therapies can also be introduced but for the most part, CBT is the one that is used often for personality disorders. for PPD medication is usually not given and psychotherapy is the route, but depending on what other extreme symptoms the patient may have like anxiety or depression, then medications can be given for them. Unfortunately, these individuals don’t see that they have problems and usually don’t seek medical help, which makes for a poor quality of life for these individuals. It is common for them to have other comorbidities such as substance misuse disorder, major depressive disorder, agoraphobia and OCD (Vollm et al, 2011).
The essential feature here with these patients is distrust and being suspicious of others and their surroundings, therefore in order to be able to have any kind of therapeutic or therapist relationship with them one has to first get their trust completely. Make them feel that you are completely on their side by sharing with them that you respect what they believe but you don’t share it or have the same belief, that you have nothing that can harm them, that you are genuine and are there only for them (Carroll, 2018). Once that is established, which may take some time and patience on the therapist part, then little by little we can point various things out to them to help them see that what they perceived as evil is not it and from these little examples that are clarified then we can explain to them the disorder or problem they have.
Colle.
Reply to Comment· Collapse SubdiscussionEmilia EgwimEmil.docx
Reply to Comment
·
Collapse SubdiscussionEmilia Egwim
Emilia Egwim
8:33amDec 21 at 8:33am
Manage Discussion Entry
Discussion for Comprehensive Focused Soap Psychiatric Evaluation
Hello Lovelyne
Great presentation; I really enjoy reading your presentation about your patient Joey which is very informative. Autism Spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is associated with tenacious predicaments in social communication and interaction in addition with limited, continual model of behaviors. According to study by Fitzpatrick et al; indicated that aggression behavior are noted to be increased in individual with ASD than when compared with other neurodevelopmental impairments (2016). This aggressive behavioral issues has been indicated by studies to relate with obstructive consequences for children diagnosed with ASD and their care providers resulting in reduced quality of life, heightened stress levels and decreased accessibility of educational and social adaptation/acceptance. Studies indicated that establishing effective therapeutic and pharmacological intervention approach for treatment as well as preventing aggressive behavior is imperative for reaching to better outcomes for individual with ASD. The patient in this case presentation had history of ASD and endorses aggression and self-injuries behaviors which have been indicated by various studies to associated with ASD and other manifestation including hyperactive, impulsive, inattentive behavior, unusual mood or emotional reaction.
To answer your question “
Is Risperidone FDA approved for patients with Autism”
Based on various studies, Risperidone and aripiprazole are approved by FDA and recommended for treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar for adult and adolescent including children with Autism Spectrum disorder around age 5 to 16 years. The Risperidone an antipsychotic medication was recommended to treat the aggression, irritability and mood swings associated with ASD. According to study; Risperidone has been effecting in treating symptoms of aggression and irritability between the age of 5 and 6 years distinctly that is associated with ASD, however, there’s no FDA approved medication for treatment of core sign and symptoms of ASD (Alayouf et al, 2021). There have been several controversy surrounding the use of Risperidone in which several clinician trials conducted reported that the medication was effective for the agitation, aggression and irritability often observed in autism patient, but was less effective in treating the core symptoms of Autism and other argument including the undesirable side effects that are associated with the medication and most significant of which is weight gain from an increased appetite. Other several medication as well as off-label prescription has been indicated to be effective such as treatment with SSRIs, CNS stimulants, NMDA-receptor antagonists, and including other agents (LeClerc & Easley, 2015). I completely agree with th.
I need a response to this assignment 1 page3references.docx
I need a response to this assignment
1 page
3references
Psychiatric Nursing and mental health nursing are gaining popularity in the nursing field. Research by Santhini (2019) suggests that a psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner has a diverse job description that focuses on the mental health dynamics of individuals that contributes to a productive life. According to the
American Psychiatric Nurses Association
(APNA), psychiatric nurses are experts in crisis intervention, mental health assessment, medication and therapy, and patient assistance (Santhini, 2019). Research further suggests that though mental health patients are being treated by psychologists, psychiatrist or mental health counselors, the role of psychiatric nurses play a vital role in the mental health or psychiatric care treatment of the patients (Santhini, 2019).
For the nurse practitioner to become a social change agent, there is no need to reinvent the wheel. Improving information, facts, statistics, and strategies will all play vital roles with patients dealing with mental health. Empowering people to change their roles in the mental health system, becoming more active participants in their treatment plan, and often pushing for improvements in the quality of services would contribute to an improvement (Corrigan & Watson, 2002). The aspect of building self-esteem, which is feelings of accomplishment on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, is a vital psychological aspect needed by the individual. This process can be approached from multiple approaches, but the basic needs must be met first. Treating the individual on a holistic level would increase the dynamics of accomplishing improvement in mental health. For example, engaging and networking with individuals with mental illness that has the functional ability to contribute to a society that includes a secure job, a family, and a positive outlook. Implement new cutting-edge technology to penetrate the negative barriers of mental illness on a platform (Corrigan & Watson, 2002).
One of the optimal nurse’s standard is to advocate for the patient. To become an active advocate of change, ethics, and morals play an essential role in the recipe. As a medical professional with credentials, the total care of the patient is the pinnacle of purpose. The vital activities of psychiatric mental health nurses include providing safe therapeutic procedures to the patients or clients on the day-to-day problems they face (Santhini, 2019). This also includes identifying drug therapy reactions and conducting psychotherapy. As an advocate for mental health, the change must focus on the provider to continue utilizing relevant evidence-based theories for effective best practices. Educating the patient to understand the illness, the process, and to combat the negative labels that are self-inflicted, public inflicted, and culturally inflicted labels (Corrigan & Watson, 2002). Conducting seminars, continuous research, and b.
Running Head ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH1ADVANCED NURSING RES.docx
Running Head: ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
1
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
4
Advanced Nursing Research (Research Study)
Student Name
Institution-Affiliated
Different Parts of a Research Study
Research topic
A systematic review of the association between stigma and or on help-seeking among mental health patients.
Research Problem
Stigma or the process of labelling, discrimination and prejudice towards individuals suffering from mental health problems is considered to have numerous adverse consequences compared to the health conditions themselves according to Thornicroft, Mehta, Clement, Evans-Lacko, Doherty, Rose & Henderson, (2016). In addition, research has found stigma to be responsible for the failure of numerous individuals suffering from mental health to seek help from both their close relatives or trusted individuals and from healthcare providers (Clement, Schauman, Graham, Maggioni, Evans-Lacko, Bezborodovs, Thornicroft, 2015).
Given an increase in mental health disorders and the challenges that such disorders pose to both individuals and society, numerous studies have been conducted to examine the association between stigma and help-seeking among mental health patients. However, research has largely focused on the attitudes that constitute stigma towards mental health patients and little on the interventions required to reduce or eradicate stigma. Moreover, since the failure to reduce stigma prevents mental health patients from seeking help and hence worsening their conditions, there is need for further studies regarding the association between stigma and help-seeking and the need to reduce stigma making the study not only relevant but significant.
Research purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the association between stigma and help-seeking among mental health patients and to identify proven strategies or actionable recommendation for reducing stigma.
Research objectives
The objective of the study will be to (1) Explore the extent to which stigma posses a barrier to help-seeking among mental health patients, (2) Identify whether stigma affects certain populations more than others and (3) propose strategies that can help reduce stigma.
Research question
The study will aim to answer the following questions (1) What is the association between stigma towards mental health patients and help-seeking? (2) To what extent does stigma constitute a barrier to the search for help among mental health patients and (3) Are there populations that are more deterred from seeking help due to stigma?
Research hypothesis
Ho: Stigma towards mental health patients deters them from seeking help
Ha: There is no association between stigma and the search for help among mental health patients.
In addition, the study hypothesizes that a reduction in stigma would result in increased help-seeking among mental health patients.
References
Clement, S., Schauman, O., Graham, T., Maggioni, F., Evans-Lacko, S., Bezborodovs, N., ... & Thornicroft, G. (2.
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ASSIGNMENT Respond to at least two of your colleagues.docx
- 1. ASSIGNMENT: Respond to at least two of your colleagues by comparing the differential diagnostic features of the disorder you selected to the diagnostic features of the disorder your colleagues were assigned. Note: Support your responses with evidence-based literature with at least two references in each colleague’s response with proper citation in APA Format. Colleagues Respond # 1 Gender Dysphoria Transgender is the term used to mean that individual sex assigned during birth based on the external genital does not fit their gender identity. These kinds of people usually experience gender dysphoria, which is one of the psychological distresses associated with the incongruence between one's gender identity and the sex they were assigned during birth. Gender dysphoria usually starts at the beginning of childhood, but in some cases, individuals may not experience it until after puberty and even much later in their stages of life. People with transgender may pursue different domains of gender affirmation, which includes:
- 2. surgical affirmation, medical affirmation, legal affirmation, and social affirmation (Lindley, 2020). Not all people with transgender issues will desire to have all these domains of gender affirmation as these are highly individual and personal decisions. Medical treatment for gender dysphoria Medical treatments for this condition may include hormone therapy, such as masculinizing hormone therapy or feminizing hormone therapy. Surgery includes masculinizing surgery or feminizing surgery, which intends to change chest or breasts, internal genitalia, external genital, body contouring, and facial features. Some people used hormone therapy to seek maximum masculinization or feminization. Other people find relief from gender dysphoria by using hormones to maximize secondary sex characteristics such as facial hair and breasts. These kinds of treatments are based on individuals' goals and the evaluation of the benefits and risks of the medication use, presence of any other conditions, and consideration of individual's economic and social issues (Zucker, 2018). Most of these gender dysphoria individuals find surgery the most effective and necessary procedure that relieves their condition. The World Professional Association for Transgender Health gives the following procedure for the surgical or hormonal treatment for people with gender dysphoria. 1. Persistent and a well-documented gender dysphoria 2. The capacity to make consent and an informed decision for the treatment 3. The aged majority of a given country and when the patient is
- 3. young need to follow the standard of care for the adolescents and children. Behavioral health treatment This treatment aims to improve the individual's psychological well-being, self-fulfillment, and quality of life. This kind of treatment does not aim to alter an individual's gender identity, but it aims to explore gender concerns and find ways to reduce gender dysphoria. The main goal here is to help the gender- nonconforming and transgender individuals become more comfortable with the situation as gender identity expressions enable success in their education, work, and relationships. This therapy can also address any other mental health concerns (Kaltiala-Heino, 2018). The therapy can be individual, family, group, or couple, which will help the individual explore and integrate on their gender identity and accept themselves. It will address the emotional and mental impact of the minority stress and build on a support network. To achieve these entire, one needs to develop a plan to address legal and social concerns related to the transition and coming out to the loved ones, close contacts, colleagues, and friends. This will make one more comfortable by expressing their gender identity. It will also explore healthy sexuality and make the right decision on medical treatment options and ensure an increased quality of life and well-being. Therapy might be needful and helpful during many stages in everyone's life. The pre-treatment of behavioral health evaluation is done by a doctor who is an expert and has experience in intersex and transgender health when needed for surgical and hormonal treatment of gender dysphoria. Colleagues
- 4. Respond # 2 Diagnostic Criteria for Gender Dysphoria According to the DSM V, Gender Dysphoria occurs when an individual believes that their gender identity does not correspond to the biological sex (APA, 2013). These individuals prefer to be identified as the gender they personally identify with, not with the gender assigned at birth. Within their family and socially, they wish to be identified as either male or female depending upon their self-identification. They experience personal distressed when they are viewed as the gender they were born with and they have a desire to have the body of the opposite sex (Sadock, Sadock & Ruiz, 2014). Those with gender dysphoria often opt to have gender reassignment surgery and receive hormonal treatments (Kaltiala-Heino, 2018). At around age 2 or 3 gender identity is established (Sadock et. al., 2014). The criterion for Gender Dysphoria includes two of the following for at least 6 months: an incongruence between experienced gender and assigned gender, a desire to get rid of or prevent the development of primary and/or sex characteristics, a strong desire to have the sex characteristics of the other gender, a strong desire to be the other gender, a strong desire to be treated like the other gender, and a belief that one has the feelings and beliefs of the other gender and secondly, distress or impairment in school, social settings and daily functioning (APA, 2013). Gender dysphoria may occur in children, adolescents and adults. Psychotherapy and Psychopharmacologic Treatment for Gender Dysphoria For this disorder treatment options include psychotherapy, hormone therapy and gender reassignment surgery. For children and adults, individual, group and family therapy is beneficial.
- 5. With adults, hormonal and surgical options can be explored. Since physicians who perform gender reassignment surgery require a letter from a mental health provider, individuals would participate in treatment so that they could get a psychiatric clearance for surgery. Nguyen et. al., (2018) suggest that prescribing gender affirming hormone therapy helps alleviate the mental distress related to gender dysphoria by reducing the symptoms of anxiety and depression Otherwise, these individuals would avoid mental health treatment. There is now an informed consent model in some clinics so that they could receive hormone therapy without a mental health professional’s involvement. This is unfortunate since many adults and children with gender dysphoria have underlying psychiatric diagnoses such as anxiety , social anxiety , depression, risk of suicide, substance abuse and other self-harm behaviors (Sadock et.al., 2014). Mental health professionals do have an essential role in promoting the wellness of patients with gender dysphoria. Johnson, Shipherd and Walton (2020) emphasize the many services such as advocacy, coordination of care, and referrals for medical care and surgery. Because of stigma and social anxiety, patients with this diagnosis may not seek help. Gabbard (2014) emphasized the importance of psychoeducation for spouses, parents and family members. A psychotherapist knowledgeable about gender dysphoria can be an invaluable resource. Those who offer conversion therapy are not abiding by the position statements by the American Psychiatric Association or the guidelines established by the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Sadock et. al., 2014). Additionally, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be helpful for transgender or gender non-conforming (TGNC) patients by targeting social anxiety. Differential Diagnosis for Gender Dysphoria
- 6. The patient must experience distress with their gender identity. Those with psychosis who have delusional thoughts that they are the opposite gender may experience distress, however, once the psychosis is treated, the distress regarding gender diminishes. Body dysmorphic disorder is a differential diagnosis in that some people may want to change gender body parts but they believe it is abnormal but they do not question their assigned birth gender.. Another differential diagnosis is transvestic disorder in which the individual identifies with their birth gender but is aroused by wearing the opposite gender’s clothing.