2 days ago sherry roberts week 11 main post gender dysphoria

1. 2 days ago
Sherry Roberts
Week 11 Main post Gender Dysphoria
COLLAPSE
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Week 11 Main post gender dysphoria
Gender Dysphoria.
Gender Dysphoria is described as psychological distress related
to one’s biological gender assignment and one’s gender identity
(APA, 2020). Transgender is in the category of gender
dysphoria. The diagnostic criteria for gender dysphoria,
accordinbg to the DSM-5, states:
“A marked incongruence between one’s experienced/expressed
gender and assigned gender, of at least 6 months’ duration, as
manifested by at least two of the following:
A marked incongruence between one’s experienced/expressed
gender and primary and/or secondary sex characteristics (or in
young adolescents, the anticipated secondary sex
characteristics).
A strong desire to be rid of one’s primary and/or secondary sex
characteristics because of a marked incongruence with one’s
experienced/expressed gender (or in young adolescents, a desire
to prevent the development of the anticipated secondary sex
characteristics).
A strong desire for the primary and/or secondary sex
characteristics of the other gender.
A strong desire to be of the other gender (or some alternative
gender different from one’s assigned gender).
A strong desire to be treated as the other gender (or some
alternative gender different from one’s assigned gender).
A strong conviction that one has the typical feelings and
reactions of the other gender (or some alternative gender
different from one’s assigned gende

2. The condition is associated with clinically significant distress
or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas
of functioning” (Lawrence A.A. 2014).
Psychotherapy and Psychopharmocolgy
Individual psychotherapy is one of the best therapy modalities
for gender dysphoria. This therapy is meant to not change or
cure a patient’s perceptions of their gender but to help them
cope and accept with positive feelings about themselves (Wylie,
K., Eden, K., & Watson, E. 2012). The psychological distress
that results from these internal and external conflicts can lead to
dysphoria, depression and a host of other conditions commonly
experienced by transgender or gender nonconforming
individuals. Antidepressants such as Zoloft would be an
appropriate medication to prescribe (Borrow K. 2021).
References
Barrow, K. (2021). Psychotherapy with Transgender and Gender
Nonconforming Clients. Psychotherapy.net. Retrieved January
6, 2021, from
Lawrence, A. A. (2014). DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria for Gender
Dysphoria in Adolescents and Adults. Psychiatry Online.
Retrieved January 6, 2021, from https://psychiatryonline-
org.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/doi/full/10.1176/appi.books.978158
5625048.gg39
What Is Gender Dysphoria? (2020). APA. Retrieved January 6,
2021, from https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-
families/gender-dysphoria/what-is-gender-dysphoria
Wylie, K., Eden, K., & Watson, E. (2012). Gender dysphoria:
treatment and outcomes. Advances in Psychiatric
Treatment, 1(18), 12–16. Retrieved January 6, 2021,
from https://doi.org/doi:10.1192/apt.bp.110.008 557
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15 days ago

3. Marianne Alfaro
Week 11- Voyeurism
COLLAPSE
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Week 11: Paraphilic Disorders -Voyeurism
Paraphilic disorders are paraphilias that cause distress
or cause problems functioning in the person with the paraphilia
or that harm or may harm another person(Gabbard, 2014).
Paraphilic disorders can seriously impair the capacity for
affectionate, shared sexual activity (Gabbard, 2014).Partners of
people with a paraphilic disorder may feel like an object or as if
they are unimportant or unnecessary in the sexual relationship.
Voyeurism involves becoming sexually aroused by
watching an unsuspecting person who is disrobing, naked, or
engaged in sexual activity (Voyeurism, 2007).Voyeuristic
disorder involves acting on voyeuristic urges or fantasies or
being distressed by or unable to function because of those urges
and fantasies( Voyeurism, 2007). Voyeuristic disorder is one of
the most common paraphilias. Voyeurism usually begins during
adolescence or early adulthood(Voyeurism, 2007).According to
the American Psychiatric Association (2013), the diagnostic
criteria for paraphilic disorders are A. Over a period of at least
six months, recurrent and intense sexual arousal from observing
an unsuspecting person who is naked, in the process of
disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity, as manifested by
fantasies, urges, or behaviors’. The individual has acted on
these sexual urges with a nonconsenting person, or the sexual
urges or fantasies cause clinically significant distress, or
impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of
functioning, C. The individual experiencing the arousal and/or
acting on the urges is at least 18 years of age(American
Psychiatric Association (2013).
Psychosexual evaluation and treatment
The etiology of paraphilias is unknown, but it is
probably a learned behavior and are lifelong conditions.

4. Treatment is focused on decreasing the arousal to the deviant
sexual behavior, rather than extinguishing the sexual orientation
(McManus et al., 2013). Cognitive behavioral therapy such as
aversion and reconditioning have been the mainstay of treatment
for sex offenders and for the paraphilias for the past three
decades(McManus et al., 2013). Its main treatment approach
involves decreasing inappropriate sexual arousal through a
variety of techniques, including covert sensitization, satiation,
fading, and systematic desensitization(McManus et al., 2013).
This approach also aims to enhance appropriate sexual arousal
to adult partners through techniques such as orgasmic
reconditioning or fading.Phamacological treatments can include
SSRI’s and at times drugs that reduce testosterone levels and
thus reduce the sex drive may be used. These drugs
include leuprolide and medroxyprogesterone acetate(McManus
et al., 2013). People must give their informed consent to the use
of these drugs, and doctors regularly must do blood tests to
monitor the drug’s effects on liver function.
Reference
American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and
statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington,
DC: Author.
Gabbard, G.O. (2014). Gabbard’s treatment of psychiatric
disorders (5th ed.).Washington, DC: American Psychiatric
Publications
McManus, M. A., Hargreaves, P., Rainbow, L., & Alison, L. J.
(2013). Paraphilias: definition, diagnosis and treatment.
F1000prime reports, 5, 36. https://doi.org/10.12703/P5-36
Stahl, S. M. (2014b). The prescriber’s guide (5th ed.). New

5. York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Voyeurism. (2007). International Journal of Sexual Health
19(1):47-56
Retrieved from : DOI: 10.1300/J514v19n01_06
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SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
3
Sexual Dysfunction Diagnostic Criteria
Student Name
University Affiliation
Sexual dysfunction: Male Erectile Disorder
DSM-5 classifies Erectile Dysfunction as a sexual dysfunction
disorder with a significant inability to respond or experience
sexual pleasure, is a sexual disorder affecting men, is the
decreased erectile turgidity for 75% of sexual activity for at
least 6 months or failure to obtain and sustain an erection
sufficient. It culminates in a condition where the man loses
sexual interest and fails to retain their erection for an extended
period. The primary causal of Impotence in men is because of
massive stress. The brain coordinates in releasing the sexual
desire and urge. It means that once a patient is stressed out,
their sexual capacity reduces thus termed as impotence (Irwin,
2019). Male erectile disorder is asserted in the absence of
distress and other psychological stressors for the patient
(Segraves, 2010). Before diagnosing Sexual Dysfunction, other
issues from a nonsexual mental illness, among other stressors,
should be first be addressed. Other factors to be considered for
the diagnosis of male erectile dysfunction include the history of
sexual/emotional abuse, communication problems, partner
violence, cultural or religious factors (Edward, 2020). The

6. disease is preventable, and doctors can minimize the damage
suppose the patient agrees to speak about their condition. The
first diagnostic step for the doctor is to listen to the patient and
record all the signs and symptoms experienced. After an
explanation, the doctor determines whether the condition is
chronic and needs more than administering drugs as the
treatment system. The primary used diagnosis procedure is the
physical examination where the medical professional analyzes
the genitals to discern any signs of pain or detect a sensation.
Furthermore, the doctor might prescribe a blood examination to
analyze the presence of impotence stimulators. Diagnostic
criterial for Male Erectile Disorder.
Psychotherapy and Psychopharmacologic Treatment for Male
Erectile Dysfunction.
Through the right medication, a patient might be cured of
erectile dysfunction. The most prominent treatment technique
used is psychology treatment. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
(CBT) is an efficacious therapy used in addressing Erectile
Dysfunction in patients. CBT is an actionable and proactive
therapy aimed at helping how patients think and behave. The
medical professionals believe that once the patient finds a
guidance to help them fight stress, they will succeed in beating
impotency. The patient is prescribed to periodic counselling
sessions where they guided through self-acceptance and
building a strong self-esteem (Irwin, 2019). Additionally, they
are prescribed to a dosage that would help the patient obtain
sexual sensation. They are advised on the negative and positive
effects of taking the drugs and evaluated by their competency
level to handle the side effects. According to Simopoulos
(2012), the main drugs used for the pharmacologic treatment of
male erectile dysfunction include Bromocriptine, Selegiline,
Sildenafil, and Amantadine Cyproheptadine, and Cabergoline.
Other frequently medicament include Viagra is one of the
medications incorporated to the patients which helps them in
having and maintaining their erection throughout their

7. intercourse duration. Curing erectile dysfunction can also be
facilitated through exercise, avoiding smoking/alcohol,
consuming healthy foods, and getting enough sleep. Treatments
for patients with depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia may
have drastic sexual side effects.
References
Irwin, G. M. (2019). Erectile dysfunction. Primary Care: Clinics
in Office Practice, 46(2), 249-255.
Edward K., (2020). What are the DSM-5 criteria for the
diagnosis of erectile dysfunction
(ED)?.https://www.medscape.com/answers/444220-69922/what-
are-the-dsm-5-criteria-for-diagnosis-of-erectile-dysfunction-ed
Segraves R. T. (2010). Considerations for diagnostic criteria for
erectile dysfunction in DSM V. The journal of sexual medicine,
7(2 Pt 1), 654–660. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-
6109.2009.01684.x
Simopoulos E., (2012). Male erectile dysfunction: integrating
psychopharmacology and psychotherapy.
https://www.eugenefsimopoulosmd.com/uploads/2/7/6/9/276988
59/esimopoulosghp.pdf
SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
3
Sexual Dysfunction Diagnostic Criteria
Student Name
University Affiliation
Sexual dysfunction: Male Erectile Disorder
DSM-5 classifies Erectile Dysfunction as a sexual dysfunction
disorder with a significant inability to respond or experience
sexual pleasure, is a sexual disorder affecting men, is the
decreased erectile turgidity for 75% of sexual activity for at
least 6 months or failure to obtain and sustain an erection

8. sufficient. It culminates in a condition where the man loses
sexual interest and fails to retain their erection for an extended
period. The primary causal of Impotence in men is because of
massive stress. The brain coordinates in releasing the sexual
desire and urge. It means that once a patient is stressed out,
their sexual capacity reduces thus termed as impotence (Irwin,
2019). Male erectile disorder is asserted in the absence of
distress and other psychological stressors for the patient
(Segraves, 2010). Before diagnosing Sexual Dysfunction, other
issues from a nonsexual mental illness, among other stressors,
should be first be addressed. Other factors to be considered for
the diagnosis of male erectile dysfunction include the history of
sexual/emotional abuse, communication problems, partner
violence, cultural or religious factors (Edward, 2020). The
disease is preventable, and doctors can minimize the damage
suppose the patient agrees to speak about their condition. The
first diagnostic step for the doctor is to listen to the patient and
record all the signs and symptoms experienced. After an
explanation, the doctor determines whether the condition is
chronic and needs more than administering drugs as the
treatment system. The primary used diagnosis procedure is the
physical examination where the medical professional analyzes
the genitals to discern any signs of pain or detect a sensation.
Furthermore, the doctor might prescribe a blood examination to
analyze the presence of impotence stimulators. Diagnostic
criterial for Male Erectile Disorder.
Psychotherapy and Psychopharmacologic Treatment for Male
Erectile Dysfunction.
Through the right medication, a patient might be cured of
erectile dysfunction. The most prominent treatment technique
used is psychology treatment. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
(CBT) is an efficacious therapy used in addressing Erectile
Dysfunction in patients. CBT is an actionable and proactive
therapy aimed at helping how patients think and behave. The
medical professionals believe that once the patient finds a

9. guidance to help them fight stress, they will succeed in beating
impotency. The patient is prescribed to periodic counselling
sessions where they guided through self-acceptance and
building a strong self-esteem (Irwin, 2019). Additionally, they
are prescribed to a dosage that would help the patient obtain
sexual sensation. They are advised on the negative and positive
effects of taking the drugs and evaluated by their competency
level to handle the side effects. According to Simopoulos
(2012), the main drugs used for the pharmacologic treatment of
male erectile dysfunction include Bromocriptine, Selegiline,
Sildenafil, and Amantadine Cyproheptadine, and Cabergoline.
Other frequently medicament include Viagra is one of the
medications incorporated to the patients which helps them in
having and maintaining their erection throughout their
intercourse duration. Curing erectile dysfunction can also be
facilitated through exercise, avoiding smoking/alcohol,
consuming healthy foods, and getting enough sleep. Treatments
for patients with depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia may
have drastic sexual side effects.
References
Irwin, G. M. (2019). Erectile dysfunction. Primary Care: Clinics
in Office Practice, 46(2), 249-255.
Edward K., (2020). What are the DSM-5 criteria for the
diagnosis of erectile dysfunction
(ED)?.https://www.medscape.com/answers/444220-69922/what-
are-the-dsm-5-criteria-for-diagnosis-of-erectile-dysfunction-ed
Segraves R. T. (2010). Considerations for diagnostic criteria for
erectile dysfunction in DSM V. The journal of sexual medicine,
7(2 Pt 1), 654–660. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-
6109.2009.01684.x
Simopoulos E., (2012). Male erectile dysfunction: integrating
psychopharmacology and psychotherapy.
https://www.eugenefsimopoulosmd.com/uploads/2/7/6/9/276988
59/esimopoulosghp.pdf