Example 12.8 We apply the Conditional function on E, F, and G buffers. If the leftmost hexadecimal digits of these buffers are 0x9, 0xA, and 0xF respectively, what is the leftmost digit of the result? Solution The digits in binary are 1001, 1010, and 1111. a. The first bits are 1, 1, and 1. Since E1 = 1, the result is F1, which is 1. We can also use the definition of the Condition function to prove the result: b. The second bits are 0, 0, and 1. Since E2 is 0, the result is G2, which is 1. c. The third bits are 0, 1, and 1. Since E3 is 0, the result is G3, which is 1. d. The fourth bits are 1, 0, and 1. Since E4 is 1, the result is F4, which is 0. The result is 1110, or 0xE in hexadecimal. Analysis With a message digest of 512 bits, SHA-512 expected to be resistant to all attacks, including collision attacks. It has been claimed that this version’s improved design makes it more efficient and more secure than the previous versions. However, more research and testing are needed to confirm this claim.

1. Green University of Bangladesh
Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE)
Faculty of Sciences and Engineering
Semester: (Summer, Year:2022), B.Sc. in CSE (Day)
Course Title: Computer and Cyber Security
Course Code: CSE-411 Section:191-D1
Assignment Name: Internet of things (IOT)
Student Details
Name ID
1. Mufizul Islam 191002086
2 Shahidul Islam 191002355
3 Mollick Alepnar 191002041
Submission Date : 12-09-2022
Course Teacher’s Name : Md. Jahidul Islam
[For Teachers use only: Don’t Write Anything inside this box]
Assignment Status
Marks: ………………………………… Signature:.....................
Comments:.............................................. Date:..............................

2. 1. INTRODUCTION
The internet of things, or IoT, is a system of interrelated computing
devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people
that are provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to
transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or
human-to-computer interaction.
A thing in the internet of things can be a person with a heart monitor
implant, a farm animal with a biochip transponder, an automobile that
has built-in sensors to alert the driver when tire pressure is low or any
other natural or man-made object that can be assigned an Internet
Protocol (IP) address and is able to transfer data over a network.
Increasingly, organizations in a variety of industries are using IoT to
operate more efficiently, better understand customers to deliver
enhanced customer service, improve decision-making and increase the
value of the business.
2.How does IoT work?
An IoT ecosystem consists of web-enabled smart devices that use
embedded systems, such as processors, sensors and communication
hardware, to collect, send and act on data they acquire from their
environments. IoT devices share the sensor data they collect by
connecting to an IoT gateway or other edge device where data is either
sent to the cloud to be analyzed or analyzed locally. Sometimes, these

3. devices communicate with other related devices and act on the
information they get from one another. The devices do most of the work
without human intervention, although people can interact with the devices
for instance, to set them up, give them instructions or access the data.
The connectivity, networking and communication protocols used with
these web-enabled devices largely depend on the specific IoT
applications deployed.
IoT can also make use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine
learning to aid in making data collecting processes easier and more
dynamic.
Figar No 01(IOT)

4. 2. The most important applications of the Internet of Things
(IoT)
The applications of IoT technologies are multiple, because it is adjustable
to almost any technology that is capable of providing relevant information
about its own operation, about the performance of an activity and even
about the environmental conditions that we need to monitor and control
at a distance
1. Wearables.
Virtual glasses, fitness bands to monitor for example calorie expenditure
and heart beats, or GPS tracking belts, are just some examples of wearable
devices that we have been using for some time now. Companies such as
Google, Apple, Samsung and others have developed and introduced the
Internet of Things and the application thereof into our daily lives.
3. Health.
The use of wearables or sensors connected to patients, allows doctors to
monitor a patient's condition outside the hospital and in real-time.
Through continuously monitoring certain metrics and automatic alerts
on their vital signs, the Internet of Things helps to improve the care for
patients and the prevention of lethal events in high-risk patients.
Another use is the integration of IoT technology into hospital beds,
giving way to smart beds, equipped with special sensors to observe vital
signs, blood pressure, oximeter and body temperature, among others.

5. 4. Traffic monitoring.
The Internet of things can be very useful in the management of vehicular
traffic in large cities, contributing to the concept of smart cities.
When we use our mobile phones as sensors, which collect and share data
from our vehicles through applications such as Waze or Google Maps, we
are using the Internet of Things to inform us and at the same time
contribute to traffic monitoring, showing the conditions of the different
routes, and feeding and improving the information on the different routes
to the same destination, distance, estimated time of arrival.
5. Hospitality.
The application of the IoT to the hotel industry brings with it interesting
improvements in the quality of the service. With the implementation of
electronic keys, which are sent directly to the mobile devices of each
guest, it is possible to automate various interactions.
Thus, the location of the guests, the sending of offers or information on
activities of interest, the realization of orders to the room or room service,
the automatic charge of accounts to the room or the request of personal
hygiene supplies, are activities that can be easily managed through
integrated applications using the Internet of Things technology.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Iot

6. Advantage
Communication
Since IoT has communication between devices, in
which physical devices are able to stay connected and
hence the total transparency is available with lesser
inefficiencies and greater quality.
Automation and Control
Without human involvement, machines are automating
and controlling vast amount of information, which
leads faster and timely output.
Monitoring saves money and time
Fig 02 Advantages and Disadvantages of Iot

7. 6.CONCLUSION
In this survey paper, we analyzed IoT domain by considering
its architecture and applications and advantage and
disadvantage. We observed that still IoT is not much used in
the field of agriculture. So, we find its very much necessary
to improve the applications of IoT in this field and educate
the same to the agriculturist, this will in turn reduces the
dependency on man power and also will improve the yield
which leads increase in the economy
1. REFERENCES
[1] Tuhin Borgohain, Uday Kumar, Sugata Sanyal,”Survey of Security and Privacy Issues
of Internet of Things” Int. J. Advanced Networking and Applications Volume: 6 Issue:
4 Pages: 2372-2378 (2015) ISSN: 0975-0290
[2] Debasis Bandyopadhyay , Jaydip Sen ,” Internet of Things - Applications and
Challenges in Technology and Standardization”, Wireless Pers Commum,9April 2011.
[[3] https://www.hapi.com/product/hapifork
[4] http://animalsciences.missouri.edu/reprod/Estrus/ /HDcattleshp/sld008.html