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ASP.NET Scalability - DDD7
This document discusses techniques for writing scalable ASP.NET applications, including caching output and objects to improve performance, managing viewstate to reduce network loads, using compression, and load balancing across multiple servers. It covers caching techniques like output caching, object caching, donut caching, and Microsoft's new Velocity distributed caching platform. It also discusses paging large result sets and reducing viewstate payload.
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ASP.NET Scalability - DDD7
- 1. “This One GoesUp To 11” or How to write scalable ASP.NET Phil Pursglove phil@philippursglove.com http://diaryofadotnetdeveloper.blogspot.com http://www.philippursglove.com/ScalableASPNET
- 2. I am… • Senior .NET Developer • MCSD • VBUG East Anglia Co-ordinator • Used to write for VB Developer and SQL Server Pro
- 3. Agenda • Increasing serverperformance – Caching • Output caching • Object caching • Donut caching • Velocity – Paging • Reducing network loads – Managing ViewState – Compression • Load Balancing
- 4. What is Scalability? •“The ability to handle growing amounts of work in a graceful manner” Wikipedia • What affects scalability? • Everything you see this morning applies to .NET 2.0 and higher
- 5. Increasing Server Performance
- 6. Why Cache? • Becausethere’s a credit crunch! • Building a page is an expensive process – Database calls across servers – Web Service calls – AD lookups • Returning a stored page from a cache is much cheaper!
- 7. Caching 1: OutputCache •Caches the rendered HTML from your page – Duration is in seconds – VaryByParam allows you to cache several versions – Location means you can cache on the web server, client, downstream machines or all of these – CacheProfiles mean you have fine config- based control
- 8. Caching 2: CachingAPI • Store objects in memory and pull them out when you need them • For data objects, you have to use DataSets and DataTables, not DataReaders
- 9. Caching 2: CacheDependency •Objects in the cache can be dependent on other objects – When the dependency changes, the cached item is removed – Not very useful in .NET 1.1 • .NET 2.0 introduced SqlCacheDependency – Cached objects can be dependent on SQL tables – Enable using the ASPNET_REGSQL tool
- 10. Caching 3: Velocity •Velocity – Distributed cache • One logical cache split across several servers • PowerShell management console – CTP2 released at PDC – Doesn’t have dependencies – yet – The future: automatic caching?
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- 12. Caching 4: DonutCaching • aka Post-Cache Substitution • Inject dynamic content into a cached page before it is returned to the client – <asp:substitution> – Must use static methods with a HttpContext
- 13. Paging • Default GridViewpaging behaviour reads the entire dataset every time – For 100 000 rows this probably isn’t so good • Write your own paging mechanism • For custom paging DataGrids are better than GridViews • In SQL 2005 the ROW_NUMBER function is your friend! • LINQ – Skip
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- 15. ViewState 1 Viewstate Size in bytes HTML Table (built in-line) 52 HTML Table (built in code-behind) 52 DataList 6628 Repeater 6600 DataGrid 10592 GridView 10928
- 16. ViewState 2 • TamingViewstate – Can be disabled per-control – ZIP it up and put the zipped version on the page – Keep it on the web server
- 17. Compression • All modernbrowsers will accept compressed content – Content is compressed on the server / decompressed by the browser – Can be enabled in IIS or – Use the HttpCompress library • JavaScript Compression – JSMin (http://tinyurl.com/jscriptmin) – jQuery is pre-minified for you
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- 20. Load Balancing • SynchronisemachineKey (in machine.config) • Don’t use basic Session state – SQL Server Session State – ASP.NET State Service – Velocity ASP.NET Session state
- 21. Summary • Cache isKing! • Paging is good for your pages! • Viewstate doesn’t have to be evil!
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- 24. Resources • DotNetRocks – http://www.dotnetrocks.com/default.aspx?showNum=24 – http://www.dotnetrocks.com/default.aspx?showNum=367 • Books – Essential ASP.NET by Fritz Onion – The ASP.NET 2.0 Cookbook by Michael Gittel & Geoffrey LeBlond – The ASP.NET Anthology by Scott Allen et al • MSDN White Paper on .NET Performance & Scalability – http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms998530.aspx
- 25. Resources • Velocity – http://blogs.msdn.com/velocity – http://www.hanselman.com/blog/HanselminutesPodcast116DistributedCac hingWithMicrosoftsVelocity.aspx • Donut Caching – http://tinyurl.com/donutcaching • HttpCompress Library – http://www.blowery.org/code/HttpCompressionModule.html