The presentation discusses the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in transforming library services, highlighting its applications in automation, user experience enhancement, and operational efficiency. It outlines the historical context of AI, key terminologies, prevalent AI tools, and the challenges faced in implementation, such as funding and technical proficiency. Moreover, it emphasizes the necessity for AI literacy among library professionals to better guide users in navigating AI-powered resources.

1. Welcome
To
The Presentation

2. Artificial Intelligence(AI)
For Smart Library
By
Kazi Nashid Morsheda

3. CONTENTS:
 What is AI
 Some general terminologies of AI
 Examples of AI
 Tools of AI
 Why AI is required in Library service
 AI in Library
 Application of AI in Library service
 About AI-Powered Library Automation Software
 AI websites useful for library and information Science professionals
 Importance of AI Literacy in library aspect
 Difficulties in implementing AI in libraries
 Limitations of AI

4. WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)
 The American scientist John McCarthy coined the term Artificial Intelligence(AI) in
1955, was defined as “The Science and Engineering of Making Intelligent Machines.” and
he is considered the father of AI. He is one of the founders of AI, together with Alan
Turing, Marvin Minsky, Allen Newell, and Herbert Simon.
 Artificial Intelligence is described as a wide range of technologies that use machines
generally computer to stimulate human intelligence having decision making and problem
solving capabilities.
 It refers to computer systems that can perform the complex tasks that are historically only
done by the human intelligence.
 According to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Artificial
intelligence is “a technical and scientific field devoted to the engineered system that
generates outputs such as content, forecasts, recommendations or decisions for a given set

5. SOME GENERAL TERMINOLOGY OF AI
AI is a branch of computer science that uses computational models to perform
tasks. Below are some key terms to know for developing competency in AI
technology:

6. EXAMPLES OF AI:
Today, the term “AI” describes a wide range of technologies that power many of the services and goods
we use every day like:
- Creation of generative chatbots
-Self-driving car
-In social networking
-Flight tracking facility
-Online banking and E-payment
-Ride sharing like uber
- Cyber security
- Customer relationship management
- Voice assistants
-Face detection or Picture recognition for face unlocking in cellphones
-Selections displayed in the Netflix queue or Recommending TV shows and so on

7. TOOLS OF AI
There are unlimited numbers of AI tools for different subjects, both free and
with charges. Among them some most used AI tools are:
• Chatbot AI: Chat GPT, Google bard, Bing AI, Microsoft Copilot etc.
• AI tools for research works: Paper digest, SciSpace, Scholarcy etc.
• AI as writing assistant:Trinka AI, GrammarlyGo, ArticleForge, Jasper
etc.
• AI to generate Art & image: MidJourney, DALL-E 3, DEEP AI,
MyEdit, NightCafe, DreamStudio,etc.
• AI PowerPoint generator tool: SlidesAI
• AI for education: Brainly(homework help), CourseHero( Tutoring),
Turnitin(AI detection) etc.
• Python AI Library tool: TensorFlow, NumPy, Keras, SciPy, Seaborn,
Scikit-learn, Plotly, Matplotlib etc.

8. WHY AI IS REQUIRED IN LIBRARY SERVICE
In this era of information flooding and excessive demand of information sources of the users,
library service has become so challenging.
The challenges associated with data handling, budget constraints, staff shortages,
cataloguing, quick access to resources, etc. have become very critical to address, which
demands for advanced automation tools instead of legacy software systems or manual
approaches.
Also library management authority needs to keep a record of every book and book like
materials associated with borrowing, renewal, submission, availability etc. In addition,
operations such as maintenance, answering user queries, collection, fines resulting in more
work pressure.
Only AI and automation can ease these challenges as it is capable of minimizing the
intervention of human capabilities to a decent extent. The need for AI-based library systems
arises to automate tasks, improve accuracy and better user experiences.
Thus it saves time and cost and simplifies the library functions. And also helps the
librarian to get involve into more productive works.

9. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE(AI) IN LIBRARY
 The ultimate promise of AI in libraries is to develop computer systems or machines that
think, behave and in fact rival to human intelligence.
 The use of Artificial Intelligence can make a library more smarter in providing services.
AI driven data analytics tools enable the libraries to know user behavior, resource
utilization and community needs. These information can lead in strategic decisions,
helping the libraries improving their services to meet the evolving demands.
AI Language Models(LM) can enhance library information
retrieval, text summarization and support user assistant chatbots
by understanding human language.
Computer vision is a ML, used for interpreting visual data
which can be applied in digitizing library materials or for
advanced image based search.
AI in library will impact on library’s Expert System(ES) and
their effects on information access.

10. APPLICATION OF AI IN LIBRARY SERVICES
The use of AI based library systems effects on library software reuse, digital video
libraries, multilingual access to library resources , digital library search engines and thus
can convert a library into a smart and intelligent library.
AI’s potential applications and benefits in
library operations are now seen in AI
chatbots, library service management using
RFID, wireless techniques and even robots
in libraries.
One of the significant impacts of AI on
information technology is the ability to
automate repetitive and time consuming
tasks.

11. CONT…
Some effective application of AI in libraries are:
 Subject Indexing: AI can extract keywords, topics, and other data from text and images
of books to automatically assign subject headings, classify the materials for more precise
indexing. Ex:Annif 1.1 is being used by Finland, Germany, Switzerland National
Libraries.
 AI-based cataloguing:
. For example, artificial intelligence is
optimizing the cataloguing process of the
Library of Congress by creating
standardized catalogue records and
automatically generating bibliographic data.

12. CONT…
 Self-service: Now-a-days most of the users expect a self-service portal from their service providers.
Libraries can attract and retain people by offering them self-service facilities like chatbots, virtual
assistants, automated checkout & return options etc. For instance, Carnegie Mellon University library
uses Ask Andy, an AI-powered chatbot, to address user questions instantly
 Reservation Management: AI-driven tlibrary software acquires critical information about the borrowed
resources from systems like QR and RFID readers to automate the reservation process. Through this,
patrons can reserve resources online, gain real-time information on the availability of resources, can borrow
them and receive alerts for overdue as well.
 Inventory and Stock Management:
The AI tools using the insights from RFID tags and
sensors can identify rarely used resources, locate the
inventory and stock levels in the libraries, optimize
shelf space, etc. It also forecast resource consumption,
book demand, stock shortages, etc., to help librarians
maintain a sufficient number of copies of resources.

13. CONT…
 Electronic Resource Management: While library automation systems help libraries
digitize resources, AI can assist the same without any errors. This enables better customer
experience in borrowing error free digital materials from large stack. Librarians benefit
from this in easily tracking resource access, fine collection, due date, reservations etc.
 Automated Check-In/Check-Out: beside AI-based library automation software
features like RFID, self-service portals etc. some tools like Gigabyte Smart Library
System also facilitates AI facial recognition to automate the book check-out process.
 Scanning and Bar-Coding: AI-powered scanning and barcoding systems use complex
machine learning models to process and interpret the information from the barcodes
accurately. Ex: analysing the borrow/submission and renewal patterns, alert about double
entries, identify causes of interruption, generate customized barcodes etc. with better
accuracy and speed.

14. CONT…
 Document Processing: Artificial intelligence tools like scanning, optical character reading, image
processing, etc. can easily automate the information retrieval, data validation, and document analysis
processes in libraries, from invoices to research papers. Intelligent document processing through AI is
beneficial in quick document classification, content summarization, document sorting, error reduction, etc.
 Virtual Learning: Artificial intelligence tools can be used in libraries to
 recommend relevant learning resources to users,
 generate feedback surveys and assessment forms,
 integrate virtual assistants 7/24 etc.
Thus provides better virtual tutoring and the learning experience of users. For instance, Penn Library
leverages AI and automation to help students learn more effectively and increase student engagement.
 Personalization: AI-driven library automation tools can analyse the learning history and preferences of the
patrons to determine their interests and provide relevant reading recommendations. Ex: Seattle Public
Library uses the “Your Next 5 Books” recommendation tool that collects some information from the
users and suggests 5 relevant books to read.

15. ABOUT AI-POWERED LIBRARY AUTOMATION SOFTWARE
AI-powered library automation systems differ from existing ones in terms of facilitating
advanced deep learning, machine learning, machine vision etc. technologies to automate,
innovate, and optimize library operations. Some of the major benefits of implementing AI
based library automation software are:
Reduces operating costs
Automates manual tasks
Improves search and retrieval processes
Streamlined workflow
Provides personalized recommendations
Offers 24/7 support
Eliminate data errors
Personalizes library services as per user intent
Increases resource accessibility
Secure data analysis and management
Better user experience
Proactive maintenance
Informed decision-making
Increased efficiency

16. CONT…
Some top AI based library automation softwares are:

17. AI WEBSITES USEFUL FOR LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE PROFESSIONALS
AI powered platforms and innovative tools perform efficiently in research, analysis, information
retrieval, organization and library management. Some AI powered useful websites in this regard
are:
Research and analysis Information Retrieval and
organization
Library Management and
Operations
Scite: Identifies citations for academic
articles helping researchers in evaluating
scholarly impact.
(https://scite.ai/)
Factual: It helps librarians to find and
organize information from various
sources.
(https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=mgWVBMWfpoA)
OCLC Research: Explores the use of
AI in libraries, including chatbots,
recommendation systems and
personalization
(https://www.oclc/research/
home.html)
OpenAI codex: It’s a potential
automating coding tasks that generates
code from natural language descriptions
for library software development.
(https://openai.com/blog/openai-codex)
Luminoso: Uses AI to analyze and
categorize large volume of text, aiding
librarians in classifying and organizing
library collections.
(https://luminoso.com/)
Deepomatic: Provides AI-powered
image and video analysis tools,
potentially aiding libraries in
digitizing and managing multimedia
collections (https://deepomatic.com/)

18. CONT….
Research and analysis Information Retrieval and organization Library Management and Operations
Semantic Scholar: Uses AI to identify
and rank relevant research papers.
(https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper)
Grover: A research assistant which can
summarize documents and answer questions in
natural language, assisting librarians in
providing reference services.
(https://grover.allenai.org)
Paperpile: An AI-powered research paper
management tool, helping researchers and
librarians organize and access their research
materials (https://paperpile.com/)
CORD-19: A massive dataset of COVID-
19 research papers powered by AI.
(https://github.com/allenai/cord19)
Meta: Semantic Search: understand the
meaning of queries and search for relevant
information (https://www.parent-meta-releases-
ai-modern-sam-can-identify-objects-photos)
SciFeed: An Ai-powered news aggregator
for scientific research, keeping librarians
informed about the latest discoveries and
trends
(https://www.science.org/content/page/email
-alerts-and-rss-feeds)
SciGraph: A knowledge graph of
scientific entities and relationships that
assists librarians in connecting to research
topics.
(https://listoffreeware.com/best-free-
scientific-graph-software-windows/)
Qtext: An AI powered platform that analyzes
and summarizes text data, helping librarians
identify key information in documents and
collections.
(https://www.zerogpt.com/)

19. IMPORTANCE OF AI LITERACY IN LIBRARY ASPECT
Library professionals can enhance user trust by supporting AI literacy and can
make people information literate, technologically sound and culturally well-
balanced. A higher educated and well-trained librarian operates intelligent library
systems with the combination of ICTs and other smart technologies to make
people skilled human capital.
Librarians will take the lead in teaching the users how to use artificial intelligence
(AI) tools, which they can use to do tasks including analyzing digital collections,
finding subjects, and improving search accuracy and retrieval.
To begin evaluating AI, users must first understand it or became AI literate. AI
literacy consists of knowing, understanding, using and evaluating AI as well as
considering the ethical issues. An AI literate individual can understand
fundamental AI concepts like ML, NLP, NN etc.

20. CONT…
To equip students, researchers and faculty members with the necessary skills to navigate
this complex landscape, libraries need to prioritize
-developing training resources
-organizing AI literacy workshop that enable user to properly assess AI driven tools and
resources.
One particularly useful resource is known as the ROBOT test. It was developed by the two
librarians Amanda Wheatly and Sandy Hervieux at McGrill University.
ROBOT, an acronym for Reliability, Objective, Bias, Ownership, Type which are key
criteria for assessing information about AI tools.
Being AI Literate does not mean users need to understand the advanced mechanics of AI.
Rather it means actively learning about the technologies involved and thus they can
critically approach any texts they read that concern AI.

21. DIFFICULTIES IN IMPLEMENTING AI IN LIBRARIES
The widespread deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) in library operations has various
obstacles. Major obstacles consist of:
 Lack of Technical Proficiency
 Inadequate funding
 High maintenance costs
 Unreliable Power Source like inconsistent supply of electricity, particularly in poor nations.
 Difficult implementation since professional AI system development is hard and requires a lot
of work.
 Limited Natural Language Capabilities: AI systems in libraries often have constrained natural
language processing abilities, limiting their range of functions.
 AI development requires a higher level of specialized knowledge than standard library
automation systems, so hiring new staff members with AI experience is necessary.
 Less interest of Library community(librarian, officers and staffs) about AI implementation and
also having fear to loose their position.

22. LIMITATIONS OF AI
• AI is based on machines specially computer, so without machine it can’t be operated.
• It requires internet connection to get up-to-date information by AI, so without internet
connection AI can’t perform properly.
• Accuracy problem: AI based technologies typically engage with people by asking
questions, taking user answers as input, and then justifying the decisions made it
provides output. So AI can be wrong in multiple ways:
-It can give a wrong or misleading answer
-It can omit information by mistake
-It can interpret users queries in an unexpected way
-It can mix truth and fiction
• Lack of human touch and personalized assistance: With AI, the absence of face-to-
face interactions with librarians may hinder the ability to address complex queries or
provide tailored guidance.

23. Thank You

24. REFERENCES:
https://testbook.com/
https://www.iso.org/artificial-intelligence
https://www.iotforall.com/
https://www.fool.com/terms/a/artificial-intelligence/
https://www.trinka.ai/
Bairagi M. and Lihitker S. (2024). Empowering libraries: AI- driven tools & techniques for digital transformation
& sustainable innovation.UPA International E- Journal, 10(1).
Subaveerapandiyan A. (2023). Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in libraries & its impact on library
operations review. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 7828.
Michael I. and Alex-Nmecha, Juliet C. (2020). Artificial intelligence in libraries. Managing and adopting library
information services for future users. 120-144. (abstract only).f
https://mitechnews.com

25. CONT….
https://www.libcognizance.com
https://www.goodfirms.co/library-automation-software/
https://www.ibm.com/topics/artificial-intelligence
https://www.coursera.org/articles/what-is-artificial-intelligence
https://www.simplilearn.com
https://www.webology.org
More NS (2024) Intelligent library management system. Trends Comput Sci Inf Technol 9(1): 001-009. DOI:
10.17352/tcsit.000074
https://www.kansalliskirjasto.fi/en/news/automatic-subject-indexing-tool-annif-ready-wider-production-use
https://sjcd.libguides.com/c.php?g=1358464&p=10036323
Chhetri, Parbat, "Analyzing the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of AI in Libraries“ (2023).
Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). 7808. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/7808
Hervieux, S. & Wheatley, A. (2020). The ROBOT test [Evaluation tool]. The LibrAIry.
https://thelibrairy.wordpress.com/2020/03/11/the-robot-test