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Rheumatoid Arthritis
& Osteoarthritis
Arthritis
•Broad range of conditions characterized by
inflammation of the joint(s)
•Various causes/types
Osteoarthritis (OA), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA),
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Septic arthritis,
Psoriatic arthritis, Gout, Lupus


•Major complaints




Joint pain (often with muscle and tendon aches)
Reduced activity
Visualizing The Damage

Joint space narrowing and sclerosis
of cartilage can be seen on an x-ray
or MRI

OA involves cartilage damage.
RA involves synovial inflammation.
Osteoarthritis
•Most common form of arthritis
Over 20 million Americans, F>M, 60+


•Caused by “wear and tear” on cartilage
Genetics play a role in some cases


•Can affect any joint
Usually large, weight-bearing joints & hands


•Presents as pain, stiffness, limited range of
motion
•No cure. Gradually worsens over time.
Osteoarthritis - Treatment
Assistance devices such as
canes and walkers can improve
balance and relieve fatigue.
Joint supports are also helpful
in some cases.

Physical therapy helps improve
symptoms by strengthening muscles
and connective tissue. Weight loss
also helps ease pressure on joints.

Medications such as Acetaminophen
(Tylenol®), Glucosamine, and in some
cases Naproxen or Ibuprofen can help
ease pain if taken properly.
Osteoarthritis – Topical Treatment
•Pain rubs – for minor, local pain
Capsaicin (chili pepper)


Capzasin



Salicylates (aspirin-like)


Aspercreme, Bengay



Menthol (cooling)


Icy-Hot, Biofreeze, Bengay



•Patches – for minor, local pain
Osteoarthritis – Oral Medicines
•Oral medicines – for moderate/severe pain
Tylenol (Acetaminophen) = 1st choice
Over the Counter NSAIDs




Ibuprofen (Advil®, Motrin®)
Naproxen (Aleve®)
Aspirin







Prescription NSAIDs


Indomethacin, Piroxicam, Ketoprofen, Celebrex®,
Diclofenac, Nabumetone, and MANY others




Other prescriptions
Osteoarthritis – Alternatives
•Glucosamine sulfate
Taken by mouth, twice daily, with food
A supplement that might help replenish natural
joint lubricants, decrease inflammation, and reduce
pain
Symptomatic relief only?






•Sodium hyaluronate







Injected into the knee by your doctor
Increases the viscosity of the synovial fluid
Symptomatic relief only?
Rheumatoid Arthritis
•Systemic
Exhaustion, weight loss, muscle pain
Auto-immune




•Inflammatory, Usually symmetric
•Bio-markers present in blood
•Can cause deformity
•Cause of disease is not clear
•Not life-shortening if treated appropriately
•Several treatment options are available
Rheumatoid Arthritis - Treatment
•Blood tests, Rheumatologist monitoring
•Initial: Anti-inflammatory to help with
pain/inflammation
•Next step: “Disease-modifying” drugs
Methotrexate, Leflunomide, Azathioprine, etc.
Remicade®, Enbrel®, Humira®, etc.




•Walking devices, physical therapy, rest, weight
reduction, and sometimes surgery
Advanced Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid nodules

Rheumatoid lung disease
Thank you for listening!

Any Questions?
Sources
•Images from
Arthritislegpain.us (1st image)
Emedicine.medscape.com (2nd image)
vivajoyhealthclub.wordpress.com (3rd image)
Emedicinehealth.com (4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th
images)
Walkersforseniorsonline.com (8th image)
Images.rheumatology.org (9th image)
Pulmonarylungdisease.info (10th image)
Healthdiet2.com (11th image)
















•References


Schuna AA. Rheumatoid Arthritis. In: Dipiro JT,
Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM,

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Arthritis slides kyle hackett

  • 2. Arthritis •Broad range of conditions characterized by inflammation of the joint(s) •Various causes/types Osteoarthritis (OA), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Septic arthritis, Psoriatic arthritis, Gout, Lupus  •Major complaints   Joint pain (often with muscle and tendon aches) Reduced activity
  • 3. Visualizing The Damage Joint space narrowing and sclerosis of cartilage can be seen on an x-ray or MRI OA involves cartilage damage. RA involves synovial inflammation.
  • 4. Osteoarthritis •Most common form of arthritis Over 20 million Americans, F>M, 60+  •Caused by “wear and tear” on cartilage Genetics play a role in some cases  •Can affect any joint Usually large, weight-bearing joints & hands  •Presents as pain, stiffness, limited range of motion •No cure. Gradually worsens over time.
  • 5. Osteoarthritis - Treatment Assistance devices such as canes and walkers can improve balance and relieve fatigue. Joint supports are also helpful in some cases. Physical therapy helps improve symptoms by strengthening muscles and connective tissue. Weight loss also helps ease pressure on joints. Medications such as Acetaminophen (Tylenol®), Glucosamine, and in some cases Naproxen or Ibuprofen can help ease pain if taken properly.
  • 6. Osteoarthritis – Topical Treatment •Pain rubs – for minor, local pain Capsaicin (chili pepper)  Capzasin  Salicylates (aspirin-like)  Aspercreme, Bengay  Menthol (cooling)  Icy-Hot, Biofreeze, Bengay  •Patches – for minor, local pain
  • 7. Osteoarthritis – Oral Medicines •Oral medicines – for moderate/severe pain Tylenol (Acetaminophen) = 1st choice Over the Counter NSAIDs   Ibuprofen (Advil®, Motrin®) Naproxen (Aleve®) Aspirin    Prescription NSAIDs  Indomethacin, Piroxicam, Ketoprofen, Celebrex®, Diclofenac, Nabumetone, and MANY others   Other prescriptions
  • 8. Osteoarthritis – Alternatives •Glucosamine sulfate Taken by mouth, twice daily, with food A supplement that might help replenish natural joint lubricants, decrease inflammation, and reduce pain Symptomatic relief only?    •Sodium hyaluronate    Injected into the knee by your doctor Increases the viscosity of the synovial fluid Symptomatic relief only?
  • 9. Rheumatoid Arthritis •Systemic Exhaustion, weight loss, muscle pain Auto-immune   •Inflammatory, Usually symmetric •Bio-markers present in blood •Can cause deformity •Cause of disease is not clear •Not life-shortening if treated appropriately •Several treatment options are available
  • 10. Rheumatoid Arthritis - Treatment •Blood tests, Rheumatologist monitoring •Initial: Anti-inflammatory to help with pain/inflammation •Next step: “Disease-modifying” drugs Methotrexate, Leflunomide, Azathioprine, etc. Remicade®, Enbrel®, Humira®, etc.   •Walking devices, physical therapy, rest, weight reduction, and sometimes surgery
  • 11. Advanced Rheumatoid Arthritis Rheumatoid nodules Rheumatoid lung disease
  • 12. Thank you for listening! Any Questions?
  • 13. Sources •Images from Arthritislegpain.us (1st image) Emedicine.medscape.com (2nd image) vivajoyhealthclub.wordpress.com (3rd image) Emedicinehealth.com (4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th images) Walkersforseniorsonline.com (8th image) Images.rheumatology.org (9th image) Pulmonarylungdisease.info (10th image) Healthdiet2.com (11th image)         •References  Schuna AA. Rheumatoid Arthritis. In: Dipiro JT, Talbert RL, Yee GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM,