Osteoarthritis
Jan. 27, 2016•0 likes•9,662 views
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Complete Presentation Piece about Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is a joint disease that mostly affects cartilage. Cartilage is the slippery tissue that covers the ends of bones in a joint. Healthy cartilage allows bones to glide over each other. It also helps absorb shock of movement. In osteoarthritis, the top layer of cartilage breaks down and wears away. This allows bones under the cartilage to rub together. The rubbing causes pain, swelling, and loss of motion of the joint. Over time, the joint may lose its normal shape. Also, bone spurs may grow on the edges of the joint. Bits of bone or cartilage can break off and float inside the joint space, which causes more pain and damage. People with osteoarthritis often have joint pain and reduced motion. Unlike some other forms of arthritis, osteoarthritis affects only joints and not internal organs. Rheumatoid arthritis - the second most common form of arthritis - affects other parts of the body besides the joints. Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis. Who Gets Osteoarthritis? What Causes Osteoarthritis? How Is Osteoarthritis Diagnosed? How Is Osteoarthritis Treated? How Can Self-Care and a "Good-Health Attitude" Help? What Research Is Being Done on Osteoarthritis? Who Gets Osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis occurs most often in older people. Younger people sometimes get osteoarthritis primarily from joint injuries. What Causes Osteoarthritis? Osteoarthritis usually happens gradually over time. Some risk factors that might lead to it include: Being overweight Getting older Joint injury Joints that are not properly formed A genetic defect in joint cartilage Stresses on the joints from certain jobs and playing sports. How Is Osteoarthritis Diagnosed? Osteoarthritis can occur in any joint. It occurs most often in the hands, knees, hips, and spine. Warning signs of osteoarthritis are: Stiffness in a joint after getting out of bed or sitting for a long time Swelling or tenderness in one or more joints A crunching feeling or the sound of bone rubbing on bone. http://www.niams.nih.gov/health_info/Osteoarthritis/osteoarthritis_ff.asp
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Osteoarthritis
- 3. Osteo - came from the Greek word osteon meaning BONE arth- came from the Greek word arthron meaning JOINT itis - meaning inflammation of something specified.
- 4. Osteoarthritis(OA) - It is a joint disease characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage. - It is developed by repeated overuse which involves hips, knees, neck, lower back or small joints of the hands. - “Wear and tear”
- 5. Risk Factors include: 1. Age 2. Sex 3. Obesity 4. Genetics 5. Daily trauma
- 6. What happens when you have Osteoarthritis?
- 7. - Your cartilage breaks down. As damage happens, the cartilage starts to wear away. - The damage makes movement painful. You may hear a grating sound when the roughened cartilage of the bones rub together.
- 10. - Deep, aching pain - Trouble dressing, combing hair, gripping things, bending over, squatting, or climbing stairs depending on which joints are involved. - A joint that is warm to the touch - Morning stiffness for less than an hour
- 11. - Pain when walking - Stiffness after resting - Joint swells and becomes harder to move - A joint that does not have full motion
- 16. Surgery may be an option if: 1. You have very bad pain. 2. You have lost a lot of cartilage. 3. You have tried medicine and other treatments, but they haven't helped.
- 19. 2. Calf Stretch
- 20. 3. Straight Leg Raise
- 21. 4. Seated Hip March
- 23. 6. Step Ups
- 24. 7. Walking
Editor's Notes
- Good Morning Everyone. I am here to present to you about a degenerative disease which is the most common form of arthritis. Today, I’m going to talk about Osteoarthritis. Why did I choose Osteoarthritis? It is the most common degenerative joint disease. To raise awareness, OA is estimated to affect 630 million people worldwide – 15% of all the people on the globe. Osteoarthritis is already one of the ten most disabling diseases in developed countries. OA of the knee joint is found in 70% of the population over 60 years of age. In the philippines, its prevalence in individuals 20 years and older is 0.5% and it increases to 11% in those 50 age and above. Arthritis is the leading cause of disability in people over the age of 55. There are many different forms of arthritis, each of which has a different cause. The most common form of arthritis, osteoarthritis (also known as degenerative joint disease), occurs following trauma to the joint, following an infection of the joint or simply as a result of aging. Furthermore, there is emerging evidence that abnormal anatomy may contribute to early development of osteoarthritis. Other forms of arthritis are rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis, which are autoimmune diseases in which the body is attacking itself. Septic arthritis is caused by joint infection. Gouty arthritis is caused by deposition of uric acid crystals in the joint that results in subsequent inflammation. Additionally, there is a less common form of gout that is caused by the formation of rhomboidal-shaped crystals of calcium pyrophosphate. This form of gout is known as pseudogout.
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful, degenerative joint disease that often involves the hips, knees, neck, lower back, or small joints of the hands. OA usually develops in joints that are injured by repeated overuse from performing a particular task or playing a favorite sport or from carrying around excess body weight. More people have this condition than any other form of arthritis. It’s the “wear and tear” that happens when your joints are overused. It usually happens with age, but it can also result from joint injuries or obesity (which puts extra stress on your joints). Joints that bear weight -- such as your knees, hips, feet, and spine - are the most common places it affects. It often comes on gradually over months or years. It causes pain in the affected joint. But people who have it don’t feel sick or have the fatigue that comes with some ` of arthritis.
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful, degenerative joint disease that often involves the hips, knees, neck, lower back, or small joints of the hands. OA usually develops in joints that are injured by repeated overuse from performing a particular task or playing a favorite sport or from carrying around excess body weight. More people have this condition than any other form of arthritis. It’s the “wear and tear” that happens when your joints are overused. It usually happens with age, but it can also result from joint injuries or obesity (which puts extra stress on your joints). Joints that bear weight -- such as your knees, hips, feet, and spine - are the most common places it affects. It often comes on gradually over months or years. It causes pain in the affected joint. But people who have it don’t feel sick or have the fatigue that comes with some other types of arthritis. Both men and women are affected but more common in older women above 50 yrs particularly in postmenopausal stage.
- Your cartilage gradually breaks down. Cartilage is a slippery material that covers the ends of bones. It’s your body’s shock absorber. As damage happens, the cartilage starts to wear away, and it doesn't work as well as it once did to cushion the joint. An example might be what happens as a result of the stress on knees from being overweight. That stress can damage knee cartilage, making it wear out faster than usual. The damage makes movement painful. You may hear a grating sound when the roughened cartilage on the surface of the bones rub together. You may get painful spurs or bumps on the end of the bones, especially on the fingers and feet. The joint lining can get inflamed, but it’s not a major part of osteoarthritis.
- Articular Cartilage is a smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints. Healthy cartilage in our joints makes it easier to move. It allows the bones to glide over each other with very little friction. Articular cartilage can be damaged by injury or normal wear and tear.
- Or causes
- In most cases, people can manage their osteoarthritis symptoms with medicine and lifestyle changes. But surgery may be an option if: You have very bad pain. You have lost a lot of cartilage. You have tried medicine and other treatments, but they haven't helped. Your overall health is good.
- Stretching keeps you flexible and improves your range of motion, or how far you can move your joints in certain directions. It also helps you lower your odds of pain and injuries. Always warm up with a 5-minute walk first. Lie down when you're ready to stretch your hamstring. Loop a bed sheet around your right foot. Use the sheet to help pull the straight leg up. Hold for 20 seconds, then lower the leg. Repeat twice. Then, switch legs.
- Hold onto a chair for balance. Bend your right leg. Step back with your left leg, and slowly straighten it behind you. Press your left heel toward the floor. You should feel the stretch in the calf of your back leg. Hold for 20 seconds. Repeat twice, then switch legs. For more of a stretch, lean forward and bend the right knee deeper -- but don’t let it go past your toes.
- Build muscle strength to help support weak joints. Lie on the floor, upper body supported by your elbows. Bend your left knee, foot on the floor. Keep the right leg straight, toes pointed up. Tighten your thigh muscles and raise your right leg. Pause, as shown, for 3 seconds. Keep your thigh muscles tight and slowly lower your leg to the ground. Touch and raise again. Do two sets of 10 repetitions. Switch legs after each set
- Strengthen your hips and thigh muscles. It can help with daily activities like walking or standing up. Sit up straight in a chair. Kick your left foot back slightly, but keep your toes on the floor. Lift your right foot off the floor, knee bent. Hold the right leg in the air 3 seconds. Slowly lower your foot to the ground. Do two sets of 10 repetitions. Switch legs after each set. Too hard? Use your hands to help lift your leg
- This move helps strengthen the inside of your legs to help support your knees. Lie on your back, both knees bent. Place a pillow between the knees. Squeeze your knees together, squishing the pillow between them. Hold for 5 seconds. Relax. Do two sets of 10 repetitions. Switch legs after each set. Too tough? You can also do this exercise while seated.
- Do this to strengthen your legs for climbing steps. Stand in front of stairs, and hold onto the banister for balance. Then place your left foot on a step. Tighten your left thigh muscle and step up, touching your right foot onto the step. Keep your muscles tight as you slowly lower your right foot. Touch the floor and lift again. Do two sets of 10 repetitions. Switch legs after each set
- Even if you have stiff or sore knees, walking may be a great exercise. Start slow, stand tall, and keep at it. You can ease joint pain, strengthen your leg muscles, improve your posture, and improve your flexibility. It's also good for your heart. If you're not active now, check in with your doctor before you start a new exercise program.
- Although you can’t do anything about the genes you inherit from your parents, you can and should take extra care in minimizing your other risk factors – primarily excess weight and joint injuries. By maintaining a healthy body weight you avoid putting additional stress on your joints. This stress can wear away at cartilage more quickly than usual and lead to osteoarthritis in weight-bearing joints such as the knees. Injuries from routine falls or severe bangs and bumps during athletic activities can cause major damage to the cartilage. These injuries can cause cartilage tears, or they can permanently alter the way your joints move so that they wear down cartilage more than usual. You can avoid injuries that may lead to osteoarthritis by taking care of your body. Warming up and stretching before athletic activity and exercise can help you prevent serious injury. If you do injure yourself, see your doctor to receive proper treatment. Injuries left untreated may heal improperly, which could lead to further damage later on.