Where Do They
ComeFrom?
• Application systems are built to meet
business or organizational needs
• Common across businesses:
• Hiring
• Invoicing
• Accounting
• Sector-specific functions:
• Phone companies call metering,
→
billing, network management
• This shared functionality leads to
reusable architectures
Why Are TheyUsed?
01
04
02
05
03
06
Starting Point for
Design
Checklist For
Consistency
Organize Team
Development
Component
Reusability
Shared Vocabulary Common Practice
5.
Example:Transaction Processing Systems
CoreConcept Designed For
• A transaction is
treated as an atomic
unit
• All operations must
complete successfully
• Or none are applied →
ensures database
consistency
Designed to handle user
requests for data retrieval
or database updates
• Withdrawing money
from an ATM
• Check balance
• Deduct amount
• Dispense cash
• Only then update the
database
Example
6.
Technical View
User VsTechnical Transactions
• Atomic unit of work
• Multiple DB read/write
operations
• Must be completed fully or
roll back
• Coherent of actions
sequence
• For e.g. “Find all flights from
London to Paris”.
• May not require DB
permanent change.
User View