Research

1. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
1
THE APPLICATION OF MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY (MIL) TO
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS OF MARCELO A. AÑONUEVO
NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL: CADULAWAN, CATAINGAN, MASBATE
A Research Presented to
SANNY S. MAGLENTE, Ph.D, LIB
As partial requirement for the subject
Advanced Methods of Research
JESSA C. ARGAWANON, MAEd, LPT
May 2019

2. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
2
ABSTRACT
We are now in the world stormed by the abrupt advances of technology.
Hence, it is of paramount importance to align functional skills – 21st
century skills
that should be embedded in every SHS curriculum graduates across various
subjects and tracks. These skills are desired outcomes that the graduates should
possess in order to proceed to either higher education, employment,
entrepreneurship, or middle-level skills development. Thus, this study analyzes the
application of Media and Information Literacy (MIL) to Senior High School students
of Marcelo A. Añonuevo National High School. It aims at finding out the utilities of
MIL to the learners.
INTRODUCTION
Media Literacy is the ability to read, analyze, evaluate and produce
communication in a variety of media forms. Information literacy is the ability to
recognize when information is needed and to locate, evaluate, effectively use and
communicate information in its various formats. Technology literacy, on the other
hand, refers to the ability to use digital technology, communication tools or
networks to locate, evaluate, use, and create information. Media and Information
Literacy, therefore, is a set of competencies that empowers citizens to access,
retrieve, understand, evaluate, and use, create, as well as share information and
media content in all formats, using various tools, in a critical, ethical and effective

3. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
3
way, in order to participate and engage in personal, professional and societal
activities. (Media and Information Literacy Textbook, DepEd)
The implementation of Senior High School (SHS), upholds the vision and
mission of the K to 12 program, as stated in Section 2 of Republic Act 10533, or
the Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013, that “every graduate of basic education
be an empowered individual, through a program rooted on...the competence to
engage in work and be productive, the ability to coexist in fruitful harmony with
local and global communities, the capability to engage in creative and critical
thinking, and the capacity and willingness to transform others and oneself.”
This reiterates that the combination of knowledge, skills, and reflective
thinking are extremely necessary to participate and succeed in whatever endeavor
one chooses.
METHOD
Twenty-first century skills for 21st
century learners, this what motivates the
researcher to study the application of Media and Information Literacy curriculum
to the SHS graduates. This study adopted the descriptive-qualitative research
scheme. The researcher made use of survey-questionnaire in gathering data. The
data were obtained from graduates of school year 2017-2018 and 2018-2019
through the aid of social media as learners were now in the workforce, colleges or
on vacation. The data gathered are then treated using mean, average weighted
mean and ranking.

4. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
4
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Information is power and an essential ingredient in decision-making. To
obtain timely, relevant and quality information for a study or research work, you
need to know the various sources of information available - MEDIA. Government
departments and agencies publish lots of information in print and electronic
formats. Academic institutions such as universities and colleges are major
producers of information in a society or country. A third major producer of
information in a country is the private sector. This consists of print and electronic
media organizations, commercial business outfits, publishers/vendors and
aggregators, performing /film industry that publish and or make their information
products and services accessible on the Web either free or by subscription.
Figure 1: Average Efficiency on MIL Components of SHS Students
3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4
5 5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
No Efficacy Low Efficacy Average Efficacy High Efficacy Extreme Level of Efficacy

5. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
5
Figure 1 shows that the of the ten Media and Information Literacy
components, the student-respondents believed that they are extremely efficient
only in using information from media with an average rating of 5. Meanwhile, for
identifying needed information, finding reliable information, respecting privacy,
engaging in social interaction and giving the author due credit respondents replied
they’re highly efficient in these. Whereas, in studying carefully viewed material,
using electronic mails, using digital gadgets and refraining from influences brought
by media, respondents deem they’re not that efficient yet.
Therefore, MAANHS SHS graduates’ efficiency in applying the components
is at average efficiency with 3.7 average weighted mean.
Figure 2: The Advantages vs. Disadvantages of Media and Information Literacy
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Disagree (1) Neutral (2) Agree (3)

6. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
6
Figure 2 presents that the respondents totally agree that through the help
of undergoing MIL classes, they were able to distinguish which of the statements
above do they agree. The ones in green mean that the student-respondents totally
agreed that their knowledge were widened, their learning were furthered, long-
distance communication was made possible, and they were oriented that social
media can be used in publicizing information; however, concealing settings and
privacy of personal data and accounts, more so carelessness in social media
would lead to serious dilemma thus just as important as the ones above. In contrary
nonetheless, they exclaimed that they were neutral as to whether social media is
a dependable information source, is with only very short attention span,
depreciates quality of work and has high level of inaccuracies. These later ones
they’ve learned as well from their MIL classes were also valuable to them with
average rating of two.
Thus, MIL has given the student-respondents numerous worth-learning
concepts which will surely be of great help to them as they continue to cope with
the challenges and opportunities media has placed in the world nowadays.
CONCLUSION
In this study, two notions were yielded with different conclusions, each
distinct from the rest.
Firstly, MAANHS SHS graduates’ are nearly highly efficient in applying the
components of MIL namely using information from media, identifying needed

7. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
7
information, finding reliable information, respecting privacy, engaging in social
interaction, giving the author due credit respondents, studying carefully viewed
material, using electronic mails, using digital gadgets and refraining from
influences brought by media.
Secondly, MIL has given the student-respondents numerous worth-learning
concepts like their knowledge were widened, their learning were furthered, long-
distance communication was made possible, and they were oriented that social
media can be used in publicizing information, concealing settings and privacy of
personal data and accounts, that carelessness in social media is dangerous, that
social media is not really a dependable information source, is with only very short
attention span, that it depreciates quality of work and has high level of
inaccuracies. All these challenges and opportunities of social media and all media
formats as a whole, they expect they could handle well because of their MIL class.
REFERENCES:
Carlsson, Ulla and Feilitzen (eds.):
In the Service of Young People? Studies and Reflections on Media in the
Digital Age
Commission on Higher Education and DepEd
Media and Information Literacy Teaching Guide, 2016

8. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
8
APPENDIX 1
ACTION RESEARCH SURVEY-QUESTIONNAIRE
Name: _____________________________ Age:____ Gender:_________
Please read all directions carefully before completing each section of the survey.
I. Please rate how efficient are you now in the following components of MIL using
the following scale:
1 indicates no efficacy
2 indicates a low level of efficacy
3 indicates a moderate level of efficacy
4 indicates a high level of efficacy
5 indicates an extreme level of efficacy
1. Specifically identify the needed information from a variety of information
sources.
(no efficacy) 1 2 3 4 5 (extreme efficacy)
Explain your reason(s) for choosing that level of efficacy.
________________________________________________________________
2. Find reliable information sources.
(no efficacy) 1 2 3 4 5 (extreme efficacy)
Explain your reason(s) for choosing that level of efficacy.
________________________________________________________________
3. Evaluate, review, comment on, and study viewed materials.

9. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
9
(no efficacy) 1 2 3 4 5 (extreme efficacy)
Explain your reason(s) for choosing that level of efficacy.
________________________________________________________________
4. Apply, use or utilize information from media.
(no efficacy) 1 2 3 4 5 (extreme efficacy)
Explain your reason(s) for choosing that level of efficacy.
________________________________________________________________
5. Acknowledge, respect the hardware, ownership, privacy, and use of digital
tools.
(no efficacy) 1 2 3 4 5 (extreme efficacy)
Explain your reason(s) for choosing that level of efficacy.
________________________________________________________________
6. Engage in social interaction in digital world like social media.
(no efficacy) 1 2 3 4 5 (extreme efficacy)
Explain your reason(s) for choosing that level of efficacy.
________________________________________________________________
7. Communicate using electronic mails (e-mail).
(no efficacy) 1 2 3 4 5 (extreme efficacy)
Explain your reason(s) for choosing that level of efficacy.
________________________________________________________________
8. Utilize digital technologies in taping short films/movies
(no efficacy) 1 2 3 4 5 (extreme efficacy)

10. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
10
Explain your reason(s) for choosing that level of efficacy.
________________________________________________________________
9. Refrain from influences by the message viewed in media.
(no efficacy) 1 2 3 4 5 (extreme efficacy)
Explain your reason(s) for choosing that level of efficacy.
________________________________________________________________
10. Give credit to (the original author) whom credit is due
(no efficacy) 1 2 3 4 5 (extreme efficacy)
Explain your reason(s) for choosing that level of efficacy.
________________________________________________________________
II. Please answer the following by circling the appropriate number indicating
whether you disagree, are neutral, or agree with the statement as discussed in
your MIL classes.
1 indicates you disagree with the statement
2 indicates you do not feel strongly either way
3 indicates you agree with the statement
1. Media positively impacted my socializing skills and widens my array of friends.
(disagree) 1 2 3 (agree)
Explain your choice:________________________________________________
2. Media positively impacted my learning.
(disagree) 1 2 3 (agree)

11. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
11
Explain your choice:________________________________________________
3. Media made possible long-distance communication but hinders household day
to day conversation.
(disagree) 1 2 3 (agree)
Explain your choice:________________________________________________
4. Media is an effective way to publicize information for public consciousness
(e.g. announcement).
(disagree) 1 2 3 (agree)
Explain your choice:________________________________________________
5. Social media is dependable information source.
(disagree) 1 2 3 (agree)
Explain your choice:________________________________________________
6. There is only very short attention span in digital media.
(disagree) 1 2 3 (agree)
Explain your choice:________________________________________________
7. Media users are investing less in the quality of what they do.
(disagree) 1 2 3 (agree)
Explain your choice:________________________________________________
8. There is high level of inaccuracies in digital media.
(disagree) 1 2 3 (agree)
Explain your choice:________________________________________________
9. Social media settings and passwords should be always kept private.

12. Masbate Colleges
College of Graduate Studies and Research
Rosero St., Masbate City
12
(disagree) 1 2 3 (agree)
Explain your choice:________________________________________________
10. Carelessly taking information off from the web is like picking one’s own
poison.
(disagree) 1 2 3 (agree)
Explain your choice:________________________________________________
Very truly yours,
Researcher