This document provides specifications for various ETA centrifugal pump models including:
- Impeller diameters ranging from 260-500 mm
- Impeller outlet widths ranging from 9-97.5 mm
- Rotation speeds ranging from 1425-1460 RPM
The pumps are suitable for use in ETA C and D applications and specifications are given for single and double stage models.
Pemanfaatan pasir pantai sebagai sumber silika untuk pembuatan adsorben logam...Emma Riani
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang pemanfaatan pasir pantai sebagai sumber silika untuk pembuatan adsorben logam emas melalui teknik imprinted ionic. Ia menjelaskan tentang latar belakang permasalahan limbah elektronik, sintesis silika dari pasir pantai, dan pembuatan material imprinted ionic Au(III) dengan menggunakan prekusor natrium silikat dari pasir pantai.
Makalah ini membahas konversi biomassa khususnya metanol menjadi dimetil eter sebagai pengganti LPG. Proses produksinya melibatkan beberapa tahap seperti sintesis dari metanol, pemisahan, dan destilasi untuk menghasilkan dimetil eter murni. Beberapa negara telah menggunakan dimetil eter sebagai pengganti LPG karena sifatnya yang hampir sama dengan LPG.
Saturated Sodium chloride brine can be produced by desalination of seawater.Such high purity brine will become the raw material for the production of Caustic soda and Soda ash.This slide show explains how.
IB Chemistry Order Reaction, Rate Law and Half lifeLawrence kok
This document provides a tutorial on chemical reaction rates and kinetics concepts including:
- Rate laws and how reaction order is determined experimentally using initial rates or concentration vs. time methods
- Examples of determining the order of reactions with respect to various reactants by varying their concentrations while keeping others fixed
- Graphical representations of zero, first, and second-order concentration profiles over time
- Calculating rate constants from initial rate data and rate laws
- Using half-life to determine first-order behavior with respect to a reactant
02 - Group 3 - P&ID - Piping and Instrumentation DiagramsShakeel Vakkil
This document contains mass balance data for multiple process units including a desulfurization unit, hydrogenolysis reactor, partial oxidation reactor, and water gas shift reactor. It provides molecular weights, flow rates, percentages, and other data for input and output streams of each unit. The key components include N2, H2S, CH4S, CH4, C2H6, CO, H2O, CO2, and H2. Mass balances are shown to calculate output based on inputs and process conditions like temperature, pressure, and density.
This document provides specifications for various ETA centrifugal pump models including:
- Impeller diameters ranging from 260-500 mm
- Impeller outlet widths ranging from 9-97.5 mm
- Rotation speeds ranging from 1425-1460 RPM
The pumps are suitable for use in ETA C and D applications and specifications are given for single and double stage models.
Pemanfaatan pasir pantai sebagai sumber silika untuk pembuatan adsorben logam...Emma Riani
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang pemanfaatan pasir pantai sebagai sumber silika untuk pembuatan adsorben logam emas melalui teknik imprinted ionic. Ia menjelaskan tentang latar belakang permasalahan limbah elektronik, sintesis silika dari pasir pantai, dan pembuatan material imprinted ionic Au(III) dengan menggunakan prekusor natrium silikat dari pasir pantai.
Makalah ini membahas konversi biomassa khususnya metanol menjadi dimetil eter sebagai pengganti LPG. Proses produksinya melibatkan beberapa tahap seperti sintesis dari metanol, pemisahan, dan destilasi untuk menghasilkan dimetil eter murni. Beberapa negara telah menggunakan dimetil eter sebagai pengganti LPG karena sifatnya yang hampir sama dengan LPG.
Saturated Sodium chloride brine can be produced by desalination of seawater.Such high purity brine will become the raw material for the production of Caustic soda and Soda ash.This slide show explains how.
IB Chemistry Order Reaction, Rate Law and Half lifeLawrence kok
This document provides a tutorial on chemical reaction rates and kinetics concepts including:
- Rate laws and how reaction order is determined experimentally using initial rates or concentration vs. time methods
- Examples of determining the order of reactions with respect to various reactants by varying their concentrations while keeping others fixed
- Graphical representations of zero, first, and second-order concentration profiles over time
- Calculating rate constants from initial rate data and rate laws
- Using half-life to determine first-order behavior with respect to a reactant
02 - Group 3 - P&ID - Piping and Instrumentation DiagramsShakeel Vakkil
This document contains mass balance data for multiple process units including a desulfurization unit, hydrogenolysis reactor, partial oxidation reactor, and water gas shift reactor. It provides molecular weights, flow rates, percentages, and other data for input and output streams of each unit. The key components include N2, H2S, CH4S, CH4, C2H6, CO, H2O, CO2, and H2. Mass balances are shown to calculate output based on inputs and process conditions like temperature, pressure, and density.
Kubota b6100 e p tractor parts catalogue manualufjjsjefkkeskmd
The document provides instructions for parts books, including definitions of column headings used on parts pages. It defines common abbreviations used like REF.No, Part No, Description, etc. It also notes country codes that may be included, with symbols for different countries. The example page shown lists part numbers and descriptions for a tractor model B6100E-P.
Makalah ini membahas tentang instrumen kimia HPLC dan cara kerjanya. Instrumen HPLC terdiri atas wadah fase gerak, pompa, injektor, kolom, dan detektor. Cara kerjanya adalah dengan memisahkan analit berdasarkan kepolarannya menggunakan tekanan tinggi pada fase gerak, sehingga terbentuk puncak-puncak yang terpisah pada detektor.
The document summarizes two experiments comparing cellular respiration and fermentation. The first experiment finds that an Elodea plant had a higher cellular respiration rate than a snail per mL. The second experiment tested how different variables like yeast, glucose, and sodium fluoride affected fermentation in yeast, finding that yeast and glucose increased carbon dioxide production while sodium fluoride decreased it. Both experiments demonstrate the differences between cellular respiration and fermentation.
1. The student investigated the effect of increasing concentrations of the enzyme inhibitor copper(II)sulfate (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mol/dm3) on the activity of the enzyme catalase, measured by the amount of oxygen released during the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide using a data logger.
2. It was hypothesized that there would be a negative correlation between the amount of oxygen released and the concentration of copper(II)sulfate, as the inhibitor would decrease the reaction rate.
3. The results showed that the mean amount of oxygen released decreased with increasing concentrations of copper(II)sulfate at 120, 90, and 60 seconds
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang bahan kimia penjernih air yang disebut koagulan. Koagulan merupakan zat kimia yang menyebabkan destabilisasi muatan partikel di dalam air untuk memudahkan pengendapannya. Koagulan yang umum digunakan antara lain aluminium sulfat, besi sulfat, dan sodium aluminat. Dokumen ini juga menjelaskan reaksi kimia dan kondisi pH optimal penggunaan berbagai jenis koagulan.
GE / Texaco Gasifier Feed to a Lurgi Methanol Plant and its Effect on Methano...Gerard B. Hawkins
GE / Texaco Gasifier Feed to a Lurgi Methanol Plant and its Effect on Methanol Production
CONTENTS
0 Methanol Synthesis Introduction
1 Executive Summary
2 Design Basis
2.1.1 Train I Design Basis
2.1.2 Train II Design Basis
2.1.3 Train III Design Basis
2.2 Design Philosophy
2.2.1 Operability Review
2.3 Assumptions
2.4 Train IV Flowsheet
2.4.1 CO2 Removal
3 Discussion
3.1 Natural Gas Consumption Figures
3.1.1 Base Case
3.1.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.1.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.2 Methanol Production Figures
3.2.1 Base Case
3.2.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.2.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.3 85% Natural Gas Availability
3.4 100% Natural Gas Availability
3.5 CO2 Emissions
3.5.1 Base Case
3.5.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.5.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.6 Specific Consumption Figures
3.6.1 Base Case
3.6.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification and CO2 Import
3.6.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification and No CO2 Import
3.7 Train IV Synthesis Gas Composition
4 Further Work
5 Conclusion
APPENDIX
Important Stream Data – Material Balance Stream Data
Texaco Gasifier with HP Steam Raising Boiler
CHARACTERISTICS OF COAL
Material Balance Considerations
This document provides information about water treatment for boiler feed applications. It discusses the key components of ion exchange water treatment systems used for boiler feed, including cation exchange, anion exchange, and mixed bed demineralization. It also covers parameters to monitor in blowdown water from boilers like pH, total hardness, alkalinity, chlorides, and conductivity. Common water treatment chemicals like trisodium phosphate that are used in boiler feed to control pH and minimize scaling and corrosion are also mentioned. Overall, the document outlines best practices for water treatment to ensure efficient and reliable boiler operation.
This document discusses vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) calculations for various binary and ternary systems using the software HYSYS. It provides examples of calculating bubble point pressures, dew point pressures, and compositions for systems such as methanol/methyl acetate at different temperatures and compositions. It also assigns homework problems calculating VLE properties for systems like ethyl ethanoate/n-heptane and methane/ethylene/ethane using assumptions like Raoult's law.
This document summarizes the design of a water gas shift reactor system. It includes sections on the design objectives, specifications for the feed composition, catalyst properties, and dimensions of the high- and low-temperature shift reactors. It also describes the governing equations, assumptions, and methodology for simulating the reactor system performance. The simulation results show the conversion levels achieved in each reactor, their volumes, and the predicted pressure drops across the reactors. Features of the design are also discussed, along with overall conclusions.
Kromatografi kertas digunakan untuk memisahkan ion logam Ag(I) dan Pb(II). Kertas kromatografi dibagi menjadi empat kolom dan ditetesi dengan cuplikan dan larutan standar logam. Kertas dikeringkan lalu dicelupkan dalam larutan pengembang. Hasilnya diperiksa dengan pereaksi pengenal yang menghasilkan warna merah untuk Ag(I) dan kuning untuk Pb(II). Nilai Rf dihitung untuk
Dokumen ini membahas proses pemrosesan termal udara, termasuk pemanasan sensibel, pendinginan sensibel, pendinginan dan dehumidifikasi, humidifikasi, evaporative cooling, dan pencampuran udara. Metode-metode ini digunakan untuk mengubah sifat-sifat udara seperti temperatur dan kelembaban sesuai kebutuhan.
Kubota b6100 e p tractor parts catalogue manualufjjsjefkkeskmd
The document provides instructions for parts books, including definitions of column headings used on parts pages. It defines common abbreviations used like REF.No, Part No, Description, etc. It also notes country codes that may be included, with symbols for different countries. The example page shown lists part numbers and descriptions for a tractor model B6100E-P.
Makalah ini membahas tentang instrumen kimia HPLC dan cara kerjanya. Instrumen HPLC terdiri atas wadah fase gerak, pompa, injektor, kolom, dan detektor. Cara kerjanya adalah dengan memisahkan analit berdasarkan kepolarannya menggunakan tekanan tinggi pada fase gerak, sehingga terbentuk puncak-puncak yang terpisah pada detektor.
The document summarizes two experiments comparing cellular respiration and fermentation. The first experiment finds that an Elodea plant had a higher cellular respiration rate than a snail per mL. The second experiment tested how different variables like yeast, glucose, and sodium fluoride affected fermentation in yeast, finding that yeast and glucose increased carbon dioxide production while sodium fluoride decreased it. Both experiments demonstrate the differences between cellular respiration and fermentation.
1. The student investigated the effect of increasing concentrations of the enzyme inhibitor copper(II)sulfate (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mol/dm3) on the activity of the enzyme catalase, measured by the amount of oxygen released during the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide using a data logger.
2. It was hypothesized that there would be a negative correlation between the amount of oxygen released and the concentration of copper(II)sulfate, as the inhibitor would decrease the reaction rate.
3. The results showed that the mean amount of oxygen released decreased with increasing concentrations of copper(II)sulfate at 120, 90, and 60 seconds
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang bahan kimia penjernih air yang disebut koagulan. Koagulan merupakan zat kimia yang menyebabkan destabilisasi muatan partikel di dalam air untuk memudahkan pengendapannya. Koagulan yang umum digunakan antara lain aluminium sulfat, besi sulfat, dan sodium aluminat. Dokumen ini juga menjelaskan reaksi kimia dan kondisi pH optimal penggunaan berbagai jenis koagulan.
GE / Texaco Gasifier Feed to a Lurgi Methanol Plant and its Effect on Methano...Gerard B. Hawkins
GE / Texaco Gasifier Feed to a Lurgi Methanol Plant and its Effect on Methanol Production
CONTENTS
0 Methanol Synthesis Introduction
1 Executive Summary
2 Design Basis
2.1.1 Train I Design Basis
2.1.2 Train II Design Basis
2.1.3 Train III Design Basis
2.2 Design Philosophy
2.2.1 Operability Review
2.3 Assumptions
2.4 Train IV Flowsheet
2.4.1 CO2 Removal
3 Discussion
3.1 Natural Gas Consumption Figures
3.1.1 Base Case
3.1.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.1.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.2 Methanol Production Figures
3.2.1 Base Case
3.2.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.2.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.3 85% Natural Gas Availability
3.4 100% Natural Gas Availability
3.5 CO2 Emissions
3.5.1 Base Case
3.5.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification in Service
3.5.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification in Service – No CO2 Export
3.6 Specific Consumption Figures
3.6.1 Base Case
3.6.2 Case 1 – Coal Gasification and CO2 Import
3.6.3 Case 2 – Coal Gasification and No CO2 Import
3.7 Train IV Synthesis Gas Composition
4 Further Work
5 Conclusion
APPENDIX
Important Stream Data – Material Balance Stream Data
Texaco Gasifier with HP Steam Raising Boiler
CHARACTERISTICS OF COAL
Material Balance Considerations
This document provides information about water treatment for boiler feed applications. It discusses the key components of ion exchange water treatment systems used for boiler feed, including cation exchange, anion exchange, and mixed bed demineralization. It also covers parameters to monitor in blowdown water from boilers like pH, total hardness, alkalinity, chlorides, and conductivity. Common water treatment chemicals like trisodium phosphate that are used in boiler feed to control pH and minimize scaling and corrosion are also mentioned. Overall, the document outlines best practices for water treatment to ensure efficient and reliable boiler operation.
This document discusses vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) calculations for various binary and ternary systems using the software HYSYS. It provides examples of calculating bubble point pressures, dew point pressures, and compositions for systems such as methanol/methyl acetate at different temperatures and compositions. It also assigns homework problems calculating VLE properties for systems like ethyl ethanoate/n-heptane and methane/ethylene/ethane using assumptions like Raoult's law.
This document summarizes the design of a water gas shift reactor system. It includes sections on the design objectives, specifications for the feed composition, catalyst properties, and dimensions of the high- and low-temperature shift reactors. It also describes the governing equations, assumptions, and methodology for simulating the reactor system performance. The simulation results show the conversion levels achieved in each reactor, their volumes, and the predicted pressure drops across the reactors. Features of the design are also discussed, along with overall conclusions.
Kromatografi kertas digunakan untuk memisahkan ion logam Ag(I) dan Pb(II). Kertas kromatografi dibagi menjadi empat kolom dan ditetesi dengan cuplikan dan larutan standar logam. Kertas dikeringkan lalu dicelupkan dalam larutan pengembang. Hasilnya diperiksa dengan pereaksi pengenal yang menghasilkan warna merah untuk Ag(I) dan kuning untuk Pb(II). Nilai Rf dihitung untuk
Dokumen ini membahas proses pemrosesan termal udara, termasuk pemanasan sensibel, pendinginan sensibel, pendinginan dan dehumidifikasi, humidifikasi, evaporative cooling, dan pencampuran udara. Metode-metode ini digunakan untuk mengubah sifat-sifat udara seperti temperatur dan kelembaban sesuai kebutuhan.
1. Table A–1 Molar mass, gas constant, and
critical-point properties
Table A–2 Ideal-gas specific heats of various
common gases
Table A–3 Properties of common liquids, solids,
and foods
Table A–4 Saturated water—Temperature table
Table A–5 Saturated water—Pressure table
Table A–6 Superheated water
Table A–7 Compressed liquid water
Table A–8 Saturated ice–water vapor
Figure A–9 T-s diagram for water
Figure A–10 Mollier diagram for water
Table A–11 Saturated refrigerant-134a—
Temperature table
Table A–12 Saturated refrigerant-134a—
Pressure table
Table A–13 Superheated refrigerant-134a
Figure A–14 P-h diagram for refrigerant-134a
Figure A–15 Nelson–Obert generalized
compressibility chart
Table A–16 Properties of the atmosphere at high
altitude
Table A–17 Ideal-gas properties of air
Table A–18 Ideal-gas properties of nitrogen, N2
Table A–19 Ideal-gas properties of oxygen, O2
Table A–20 Ideal-gas properties of carbon dioxide,
CO2
Table A–21 Ideal-gas properties of carbon
monoxide, CO
Table A–22 Ideal-gas properties of hydrogen, H2
Table A–23 Ideal-gas properties of water vapor, H2O
Table A–24 Ideal-gas properties of monatomic
oxygen, O
Table A–25 Ideal-gas properties of hydroxyl, OH
Table A–26 Enthalpy of formation, Gibbs function
of formation, and absolute entropy at
25°C, 1 atm
Table A–27 Properties of some common fuels and
hydrocarbons
Table A–28 Natural logarithms of the equilibrium
constant Kp
Figure A–29 Generalized enthalpy departure chart
Figure A–30 Generalized entropy departure chart
Figure A–31 Psychrometric chart at 1 atm total
pressure
Table A–32 One-dimensional isentropic
compressible-flow functions
for an ideal gas with k 1.4
Table A–33 One-dimensional normal-shock
functions for an ideal gas with k 1.4
Table A–34 Rayleigh flow functions for an ideal
gas with k 1.4
PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS
(SI UNITS)
907
APPENDIX
1
cen2932x_ch18-ap01_p907-956.qxd 12/18/09 10:05 AM Page 907
2. TABLE A –1
Molar mass, gas constant, and critical-point properties
Gas
Critical-point properties
Molar mass, constant, Temperature, Pressure, Volume,
Substance Formula M kg/kmol R kJ/kg·K* K MPa m3/kmol
Air — 28.97 0.2870 132.5 3.77 0.0883
Ammonia NH3 17.03 0.4882 405.5 11.28 0.0724
Argon Ar 39.948 0.2081 151 4.86 0.0749
Benzene C6H6 78.115 0.1064 562 4.92 0.2603
Bromine Br2 159.808 0.0520 584 10.34 0.1355
n-Butane C4H10 58.124 0.1430 425.2 3.80 0.2547
Carbon dioxide CO2 44.01 0.1889 304.2 7.39 0.0943
Carbon monoxide CO 28.011 0.2968 133 3.50 0.0930
Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 153.82 0.05405 556.4 4.56 0.2759
Chlorine Cl2 70.906 0.1173 417 7.71 0.1242
Chloroform CHCl3 119.38 0.06964 536.6 5.47 0.2403
Dichlorodifluoromethane (R-12) CCl2F2 120.91 0.06876 384.7 4.01 0.2179
Dichlorofluoromethane (R-21) CHCl2F 102.92 0.08078 451.7 5.17 0.1973
Ethane C2H6 30.070 0.2765 305.5 4.48 0.1480
Ethyl alcohol C2H5OH 46.07 0.1805 516 6.38 0.1673
Ethylene C2H4 28.054 0.2964 282.4 5.12 0.1242
Helium He 4.003 2.0769 5.3 0.23 0.0578
n-Hexane C6H14 86.179 0.09647 507.9 3.03 0.3677
Hydrogen (normal) H2 2.016 4.1240 33.3 1.30 0.0649
Krypton Kr 83.80 0.09921 209.4 5.50 0.0924
Methane CH4 16.043 0.5182 191.1 4.64 0.0993
Methyl alcohol CH3OH 32.042 0.2595 513.2 7.95 0.1180
Methyl chloride CH3Cl 50.488 0.1647 416.3 6.68 0.1430
Neon Ne 20.183 0.4119 44.5 2.73 0.0417
Nitrogen N2 28.013 0.2968 126.2 3.39 0.0899
Nitrous oxide N2O 44.013 0.1889 309.7 7.27 0.0961
Oxygen O2 31.999 0.2598 154.8 5.08 0.0780
Propane C3H8 44.097 0.1885 370 4.26 0.1998
Propylene C3H6 42.081 0.1976 365 4.62 0.1810
Sulfur dioxide SO2 64.063 0.1298 430.7 7.88 0.1217
Tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) CF3CH2F 102.03 0.08149 374.2 4.059 0.1993
Trichlorofluoromethane (R-11) CCl3F 137.37 0.06052 471.2 4.38 0.2478
Water H2O 18.015 0.4615 647.1 22.06 0.0560
Xenon Xe 131.30 0.06332 289.8 5.88 0.1186
*The unit kJ/kg·K is equivalent to kPa·m3/kg·K. The gas constant is calculated from R Ru /M, where Ru 8.31447 kJ/kmol·K and M is the molar
mass.
Source: K. A. Kobe and R. E. Lynn, Jr., Chemical Review 52 (1953), pp. 117–236; and ASHRAE, Handbook of Fundamentals (Atlanta, GA: American
Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1993), pp. 16.4 and 36.1.
908
PROPERTY TABLES AND CHARTS
cen2932x_ch18-ap01_p907-956.qxd 12/18/09 10:05 AM Page 908