Scrum is an agile framework that helps teams break down complex projects into small incremental goals called sprints to promote collaboration and continuous improvement. It is commonly used for software development projects. Some key advantages of the agile scrum methodology include increased flexibility to adapt to changes, improved quality from frequent feedback loops, higher employee satisfaction, and better alignment with customer needs. To learn scrum, individuals can take online or in-person training courses to understand the fundamentals and prepare for certifications like the Certified ScrumMaster which qualifies one to guide teams through the scrum process.