The document provides a history of communication technologies from early methods like speech and symbols to modern devices. It covers symbolic communication through cave paintings and petroglyphs, the development of writing systems in Egypt and China, and distance communication methods such as smoke signals. Key inventions discussed include the printing press, telegraph, telephone, radio, television, and early computers developed by pioneers like Konrad Zuse. The technologies discussed enabled new forms of communication over increasing distances through history.

1. HISTORY OF COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY
Group Members:
Rui Da Silva
Taslima Tanha
Michael Leung
Tarrene Griffiths
Xi Zhang

2. HISTORY OF COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
Telegraph
Printing Press
Telephone
Early Communication
Radio Television
Computer

3. EARLY COMMUNICATION
The methods:
Speech and Symbols

4. OVERVIEW
 Speech
 Symbols
 Paintings & Pictures
 Writing
 Distance Communication

5. SPEECH
 Singing
 Telling Story
Example:
Minstrels & Harp
Oral history handed down
from one generation of
story-tellers to another.

6. SYMBOLIC COMMUNICATION
Cave Painting:
 Oldest know form of human
art work
 Pre-historic paintings on
cave walls and ceilings
 Interpreted as being hunting
magic, meant to increase the
number of animals
Cave drawing at Lascaux in France, 15,000
BC. It shows the scenario of people’s life in
that time.

7. SYMBOLIC COMMUNICATION
Petroglyph:
 Creation of pictures on
rocks by picking, incising
and carving
 The oldest petroglyph is
between 10,000 to
12,000 years old
 Interpreted as early
forms of pre-writing

8. PAINT
Mosaic
The Standard of Ur, dates from around 2600 - 2400 BC, representations of a
Sumerian army

9. WRITING
Pictograms
Egyptian Pictograms

10. WRITING
Reading Egyptian Pictograms
Rosetta Stone ( 190 BC) and Jean-François Champollion

11. WRITING
Egyptian Paper
How to make a Egyptian pager

12. WRITING
Sumerian cuneiform
script
On the clay token/board, 2800-2600 BC.

13. WRITING
Chinese script:
Inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells, 1500 BC.

14. WRITING
Chinese script:
Bamboo carving & silk paper, 1100 BC

15. WRITING
Before the Printing Press & Paper in Europe :
Vellum Book and Hand Writing

16. DISTANCE COMMUNICATIONS
 Horns
Waving Flags
Smoke Signals

17. DISTANCE COMMUNICATIONS
Smoke signals

20. PRINTING PRESS

21. PRINTING PRESS
 The earliest dated printing
book is the “Diamond Sutra”
 It was printed in China in 868
CE
 Printed using wood blocks
made from Mulberry Wood

22. PRINTING PRESS
 First movable type printing press invented in 1450
 By a German craftsman named Johannes
Gutenberg
 It was developed from the technology of screw-type
wine press

23. PRINTING PRESS
 Gutenberg was the first to use
press to print the Bible
 He brought down the price of
printing materials
 By the end of the 15th century it
had spread to over 236 cities
First Bible printed by Johannes
Gutenberg

24. PRINTING PRESS
 Gutenberg printing press remained the standard
until the 20th century
 Two ideas altered the design of the printing press
radically:
 First, the use of steam power for running the machinery
 Second, the replacement of the printing flatbed with the
rotary motion of cylinders

25. THE TELEGRAPH
A non verbal way of sending and receiving messages

26. VISUAL TELEGRAPHS
 Smoke Signals
 Flag Signals
 Light Signals

27. SMOKE SIGNALS
 Used by Native
Americans
 Warning
 Distress call

28. SMOKE SIGNALS
 Used by the Chinese
Military on The Great
Wall
 As an intruder alert
 Single smoke signal =
100 enemies
 Two smoke signal = 500
enemies
 Three smoke signal =
1000 or more

29. SMOKE SIGNALS
 Smoke signals are still used today
 For persons in need of help

30. FLAG SIGNALS
 Non-electrical telegraph
 Flag-based telegraph invented 1794
 By Claude Chappe

31. FLAG SIGNALS
 The telegraph used a semaphore system
 Alphabetic signaling
 Receiver had to have full view of flag
 To interpret message being sent

32. SEMAPHORE SYSTEM

33. AUDIO TELEGRAPHS
 Drum Signals
 Abeng
 Electric Telegraphs
 Morse Telegraph

34. DRUM SIGNALS
 Used by Nigerian Tribes to communicate
 For rituals, storytelling and celebrations

35. AUDIO SIGNALS
 Talking Drums
 Speaks in the language
of the tribe
 Talking Drum were
also used as an alarm
 To warn slaves when
the slave master was
approaching

36. ABENG
 Maroon tribe used the abeng
 Horn instrument used to communicate

37.  William Sturgeon discovered electromagnets in 1825
ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH

38. ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH
 First invention of the
electric telegraph in
1831
 By Joseph Henry
 Possibility of using
electromagnets to
communicate
 Wasn’t good enough

39. MORSE TELEGRAPH
 In 1835 Samuel Morse improves Henry’s telegraph
 Telegraph used pulse instead of a bell
The Morse Telegraph

40. THE TELEGRAPH
 Prints dots and dashes
on paper
 Representing alphabets
and numbers from 0-9
 Creating long and short
pulses
 Encoded by sender,
decoded by receiver

41. MORSE TELEGRAPH
 First message sent by Morse Telegraph, 1844
 In Morse code
 “.-- …. .- - …. .- - …. --. --- -.. .-- .-. --- ..- --. - ….”
 “What hath God wrought?”

43. THE TELEPHONE

44. TELEPHONE
 An improvement of the telegraph
 Telegraph limited
 Communication was not simultaneous
 Inventors thought why not make a new telegraph

45. TELEPHONE
 Alexander Bell knew how
sound was transmitted
 Possibility of multiple
messages sent at the
same time
 Harmonic telegraph

46. TELEPHONE
 Bell had another great idea
 Create a device that could transmit speech
 Simultaneously

47. TELEPHONE
 March 10, 1876 that device was created
 Now known as the telephone

48. TELEPHONE
 Tele means at a distance
 Phone means sound
 Hence, the name Telephone
 First message send over the telephone
 “Mr. Watson, come here. I want to see you.”
 The Telephone one of the greatest inventions

49. DID YOU KNOW?
 Alexander Bell was not the only inventor of the
telephone.
 Elisha Gray invented the telephone the same time
Alexander did
 Alexander was the first to patent his invention

50. RADIO
A form of audio communication signals.

51. OVERVIEW
 Developed from two inventions
 the telegraph and the telephone
 An apparatus for receiving or transmitting radio
broadcasts
 There are varying disputed claims about who
invented radio
 At the beginning was called "wireless telegraphy".

52. RADIO WAVES
 A type of electromagnetic radiation
 Wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum
longer than infrared light.
 They travel at the speed of light.
 The capacity to transmit music, speech, pictures
and other data invisibly through the air.

53. RADIO HISTORY
 In 1887, Heinrich Hertz
demonstrated Maxwell’s
electromagnetic waves
 First predicted by mathematical
work done in 1865 by James Clerk
Maxwell

54. WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY
 First Wireless Transmission
 1901, Italian inventor Guglielmo
Marconi
oThe first voice transmission
ooccurred on December 24th, 1906
oThe transmission included reading
from the Bible, playing the violin, and a
phonograph recording of "Largo."
Canadian engineer
Reginald Fessenden

55. RADIO AS COMMUNICATION
 a reliable and versatile way to communicate with
the rest of the world.
 Broadcast consists of local / world news, music,
verbal shows, and etc.
 Radio is free for everyone
 As long as there is a signal

56. TELEVISION
A form of advanced electrical/electronic signals

57. OVERVIEW
 The history of television records the work of
numerous engineers and inventors in several
countries over many decades.
 The fundamental principles of television were
initially explored using electromechanical methods
to scan, transmit and reproduce an image.

58. MECHANICAL TELEVISION
 Paul Nipkow developed a
rotating-disc technology in
1884
 Transmits pictures over
wire called the Nipkow
disk
 Discovered the
television's scanning
principle
 light intensities of small
portions of an image are
successively analyzed and
transmitted

59. MECHANICAL (CONT)
 Charles Jenkins invented
a mechanical television
system called radiovision
 Claimed to have
transmitted the earliest
moving silhouette images
on June 14, 1923.

60. CATHODE RAY TUBE
 Electronic television is
based on the development
of the cathode ray tube
 which is the picture tube
found in modern TV sets.
German scientist, Karl Braun invented
the cathode ray tube oscilloscope (CRT)
in 1897.

61. TELEVISION AS COMMUNICATION
 Reaches a large audience
 Diversified to fit many different audiences
 Carries many channels and networks which can
allow the viewer a choice
 Efficient and can quickly spread information
 a very effective tool in spreading information and
entertainment to a large and diversified audience.

62. HISTORY OF THE COMPUTER(S)

63. INVENTIONS OF KONRAD ZUSE
FIRST INVENTION OF Z SERIES: Z1
 In1936, Zuse made a mechanical calculator called the Z1
 The first binary computer.
 used it to explore several ground-breaking technologies in
calculator development
 floating-point arithmetic, high-capacity memory and
modules or relays operating on the yes/no principle.

64. 2ND INVENTION OF Z SERIES: Z2
 In 1939, Konrad Zuse completed the Z2, the first
fully functioning electro-mechanical computer.

65. 3RD INVENTION OF Z SERIES: Z3
 His 3rd invention Z3
 constructed with recycled materials
 It was the world's first electronic
 fully programmable digital computer
 based on a binary floating-point number and
switching system
 Old movie films were used to store data and
programs

66. THE LAST INVENTION OF THE Z SERIES
 Z4 was completed and in 1955.
 It had a mechanical memory with a capacity of
1,024 words.
 The Z4 had punches and various facilities to enable
flexible programming
 including address translation and conditional branching.

67. FIRST ‘MODERN’ ELECTRIC COMPUTER
 The Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) first to
use modern digital switching techniques
 Vacuum tubes as switches
 Introduced the concepts of binary arithmetic and
logic circuits