Answer questions 1 and 2 in at least 100 words each and 1 reference each. 1- Access the "Buddhism and Hinduism Beliefs Systems Chart." Complete the chart and post to the Discussion Forum as an attachment. State the most surprising findings about Buddhism and Hinduism you discovered and why it is surprising. Access at least three other classmates' charts and comment on their findings. 2- After reading "The Appeal to Americans of Hinduism and Buddhism" on pages 281 – 282 of Religion in America, how do you respond to the reasons given for interest in Asian religions? Part 2 Hinduism and Buddhism Beliefs Systems Chart Assignment Description: Part I: Hinduism and Buddhism Beliefs Systems Chart 1) Research the distinctive beliefs and practices of Hinduism and Buddhism and complete the chart below. Use bullet points. HinduismBuddhism Beliefs · Their religion existed since dawn of humanity · Human religion · Vedas, sacred writings · Bhagavad-Gita · God as creator · Every living thing is a manifestation of the sacred · No beginning or end · Karma · Reincarnation · Real self · Believes everything changes · Rebirth · 4 noble truths · Life is marked with suffering · We know the cause of our suffering and can end our suffering · Path of 8 right practices Lifestyle · Don’t eat meat or eat very sparingly · Caste structure · No premarital sex · No alcohol, tobacco, tea, or coffee · Do not kill · Do not steal · Refrain from wrongful sexual behavior · Do not lie · Avoid use of intoxicants Rituals · Ceremonial cleansing · Ceremonial cleansings · Fruit offerings, incense, or flowers to deities · Daily devotions · God and goddess festival days · Birth rituals · Weddings · Funerals · Chant name of Krishna daily · Shrine or altar in home · Meditation · Concentration · Insight · Mindfulness Organization · Temples · Zen · Tantras · mantras Part II: Comparative Analysis Write a 200-300-word comparative analysis of Hinduism and Buddhism. Policy Proposal/Advocacy Project – (25% of total grade. The assignment is worth 100 points). Learning outcome 1: Identify how human service administrators can effectively advocate for their clients and their agency and why this is necessary. Learning outcome 2: Determine appropriate action steps to create a policy proposal. Learning outcome 6: Create a policy/advocacy project addressing the cost effectiveness and efficacy for a chosen population. NOTE: The advocacy project will be submitted as a PowerPoint presentation with audio. Imagine you are an agency director faced with potential threats to your organization. You may utilize the human service issues from your research paper as the problem basis. Chapters 6, 7, and 8 provide the framework for this assignment. You’ve learned about policy practice and advocacy. Now, you must activate a plan to protect your organization!!! Utilize the six-step policy analysis framework, determine the steps necessary to address the identified human service issue. Iden.

1. Answer questions 1 and 2 in at least 100 words each and 1
reference each.
1- Access the "Buddhism and Hinduism Beliefs Systems Chart."
Complete the chart and post to the Discussion Forum as an
attachment. State the most surprising findings about Buddhism
and Hinduism you discovered and why it is surprising. Access
at least three other classmates' charts and comment on their
findings.
2- After reading "The Appeal to Americans of Hinduism and
Buddhism" on pages 281 – 282 of Religion in America, how do
you respond to the reasons given for interest in Asian religions?
Part 2
Hinduism and Buddhism Beliefs Systems Chart
Assignment Description:
Part I: Hinduism and Buddhism Beliefs Systems Chart
1) Research the distinctive beliefs and practices of Hinduism
and Buddhism and complete the chart below. Use bullet points.
HinduismBuddhism
Beliefs
· Their religion existed since dawn of humanity
· Human religion
· Vedas, sacred writings
· Bhagavad-Gita
· God as creator
· Every living thing is a manifestation of the sacred
· No beginning or end
· Karma
· Reincarnation
· Real self

2. · Believes everything changes
· Rebirth
· 4 noble truths
· Life is marked with suffering
· We know the cause of our suffering and can end our suffering
· Path of 8 right practices
Lifestyle
· Don’t eat meat or eat very sparingly
· Caste structure
· No premarital sex
· No alcohol, tobacco, tea, or coffee
· Do not kill
· Do not steal
· Refrain from wrongful sexual behavior
· Do not lie
· Avoid use of intoxicants
Rituals
· Ceremonial cleansing
· Ceremonial cleansings
· Fruit offerings, incense, or flowers to deities
· Daily devotions
· God and goddess festival days
· Birth rituals
· Weddings
· Funerals
· Chant name of Krishna daily

3. · Shrine or altar in home
· Meditation
· Concentration
· Insight
· Mindfulness
Organization
· Temples
· Zen
· Tantras
· mantras
Part II: Comparative Analysis
Write a 200-300-word comparative analysis of Hinduism and
Buddhism.
Policy Proposal/Advocacy Project – (25% of total grade. The
assignment is worth 100 points).
Learning outcome 1: Identify how human service administrators
can effectively advocate for
their clients and their agency and why this is necessary.
Learning outcome 2: Determine appropriate action steps to
create a policy proposal.
Learning outcome 6: Create a policy/advocacy project
addressing the cost effectiveness and
efficacy for a chosen population.
NOTE: The advocacy project will be submitted as a PowerPoint
presentation with audio.
Imagine you are an agency director faced with potential threats
to your
organization. You may utilize the human service issues from

4. your research
paper as the problem basis. Chapters 6, 7, and 8 provide the
framework for
this assignment. You’ve learned about policy practice and
advocacy. Now,
you must activate a plan to protect your organization!!!
Utilize the six-step policy analysis framework, determine the
steps necessary to address the identified human service issue.
Identify the stakeholders and why they are essential to the
policy development process. Don’t forget staff, community
leaders, and administration.
Create the mission statement.
Discuss types of services/programs
Funding
Discuss presenting and defending strategies
Project Due: Sunday APRIL 28, 2019 @ 6pm!!!
Running Head: HUMAN SERVICES POLICY1
HUMAN SERVICES POLICY 12
Human Services Policy
Ashlynn Brown
Saint Leo University

5. Abstract
Placement and rise in the population of children in the foster
care centers is a clear indication that most families are in
trouble and the foster system of the society is in trouble. Foster
is purposely designed to offer temporary services to some
children and other family members and hence enhance family
reconstitution. Children often maintain being under foster care
for longer periods than they are expected and hence they end up
aging. This has resulted in a drastic rise in the population of
children in the foster center. Regarding this dramatic rise in the
number of children in these foster centers, this paper is going to
examine the policy that can be used in reducing the number of
these children. The policy discussed is “Intercountry Adoption
Universal Accreditation Act 2012 Policy”. The history of this
policy, individuals who advocated for the policy and those who
advocated against the policy will be discussed as well in the
paper. The paper further discusses alternative strategies that can
be used in case this policy fails. The paper also sought to
explain the political ideology of this policy and the perceptions
of the human, the government and the non-government programs
towards the policy. The alternative strategies are the elimination
of the out of home placement, reducing the span of sojourn in
the foster care and minimizing the racial disproportionality and
their disparate outcomes.
Keywords: Foster Care, Universal Accreditation Act
Human Services Policy
Introduction

6. Foster care, commonly referred to as out-of-home care can be
defined as the temporary services offered by nations to children
who are unable to stay with their relatives. It is a complex
service that services children who have experienced neglect
from or abuse from their birth parents and families (Seltzer et
al., 2018). Children under foster Care stay with their relatives
or unconnected foster parents or even the family members who
have plans of adopting them. Foster Care centers also exist in
the form of family groups or even residential treatment centers
(Brown & Roby, 2016). Because foster care centers are
designed to offer temporary services to particular groups, it is
expected that members joining them are expected to return to
their parents the soonest possible. If not returning to their
parents, the children are provided with new homes and families
through adoption or placement with relatives.
However, some children remain in the foster care for longer
periods until they age out of childhood, become adolescents and
eventually adulthood. They end up living on their own. The
population of young people and children in out-of-home care
has drastically grown over the recent decade. The challenges
associated with obtaining permanency have been remained
difficult to achieve. As foster care faces increasing novel
demands, new policies as well as practices which will ensure
that children and young people present in the centers, their
caregivers and families receive quality care (Dworsky, 2015).
This can be further be facilitated by the reduction of the number
of children available in the out-of-home care centers. This paper
is going to discuss ways through which the number of children
and the adolescents in the foster care can be reduced and ways
of supporting foster youth transition into adulthood through the
implementation of “Intercountry Adoption Universal
Accreditation Act 2012 Policy.”
Historical overview of “Intercountry Adoption Universal
Accreditation Act 2012 Policy.”
The number of children adopted by the United States accounts
for more than half of the total number of intercountry adoptions

7. in every year. Intercountry adoption developed its institutional
inducements in the times of the Korean War. This was later
expanded to the Vietnam War. The war was at its peak in the
1990s. During this time, China began permitting adoption of the
young girls who were left due to the draconian one-child policy.
A cultural preference for son also increased the number of girls
who were abandoned. By the year 2004, over 45000 children
were adopted across the borders.
During this era, there were no state regulation and policies that
were readily available to govern the adoption. Adoption was
majorly informal and was facilitated by locally available charity
groups. Scarce or no resources were obtainable at that time to
manage the mobility of the children between the states. Due to
the inadequacy of the resources, fraud and corruption paved its
way in when children were exchanged with money. Corruption
and fraud became notorious to the point that children
themselves were defrauded. This raised a serious concern and
Schuster Institute has been working consistently to expose the
problems since 2008. They have been pointing out possible
solutions towards these challenges regarding the adoption of the
children. This discussion prompted high-level stakeholders
whom their collaboration led to the passage of this policy Act
and put the solutions from the Schuster Institute into effect.
The issues that galvanized the policy included corruption and
fraud of the children were being adopted. This act went in effect
in the year in July 14th 20114. This is however not applicable if
the exception applies.
Goals of this policy
The main goal of the Universal Accreditation Act 2012 is to
successfully apply similar rules of safeguards that currently
exist in the in place of convention adoption to non-convention
adoption. The other common goal of this policy is to ensure that
UAA furthers the above through collaboration with approved
Adoption Service Providers and the US parents who wish to
practice adoption internally. The goal of UAA that emerged
recently was that of tumbling the population of children and

8. young youths in foster care centers.
The Shuster Institute was the first one to show their concern on
the adoption of the children and the challenges that were linked
to it. They also tried to establish certain solutions through
which these challenges can be solved. In this process, high-level
stakeholders were prompted. They further advocated for these
issues and ended up implementing the solution Schuster
Institute have formulated. The following is a summary of what
few members who advocated for this policy said (Berger et al.,
2015).
Then-U.S. Senator Richard Lugar: the US is the state that
adopts the highest number of children, who have extreme
medical conditions, and they require costly medical attention.
He added that this policy will give the American families
certainty that whatever they are doing is in line with the
accredited American adoption service provider. “I am pleased to
be joined by Senators Mary Landrieu and Jim Inhofe, two of the
Senate’s leaders in this field, as well the Chairman of the
Foreign Relations Committee, John Kerry.”
U.S. Senator Mary L. Landrieu. She was the founding chair of
the Congressional Coalition on Adoption. Mary in her speech
quoted that successful accreditation of international
accreditation through proper implementation of the UAA policy.
She further stated that this policy will offer additional
protection towards the adopting family and the child being
adopted. Her message was in line with the fact that the
legislative policy is the right strategy that can be used to solve
the existing problems on adoption.
Other advocates include “U.S. Representative Albio Sires (D-
NJ) and Then-U.S. Senator John Kerry (D-MA), Chairman of
the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 2012.”
The individuals who were against this policy were the parents
who belonged to the U.S Department of Health and Human
Services. These parents more often mentioned a resistance
towards this policy because they lacked information on where
they can get full information on where to get the services from

9. as well as the cost associated with these services. This made
them remain reluctant towards supporting this policy.
The political ideology of this policy
Depending on the state being questioned, adoption may turn out
to be a political issue. This later divides the political issue into
different political blocs of the country into pro and anti-camps.
Some members of parliament in various states are known to be
anti-adoption advocates. Such members tend to bring in
legislation that restricts this policy. These restrictions are
further enhanced by the rhetoric speeches from the
parliamentarians. Contrary to some states like the US have
introduced moratoria we regard to the families and that become
non-compliant to this policy.
Intercountry adoption can become an extremely sensitive issue
among the parties present in the host country. This party
comprises of the general public and the government. Some host
countries view intercountry adoption as a mechanism of
lessening the burdens in their country upon the existing
overtaxed system. On the other hand, some states treat it as
pride in which they have the potential of taking care of the
children. This makes them respond negatively to the claims that
they should adopt the Hague Adoption Convention (Engel,
Phillips & Della, 2015).
The ideological views of this policy by a human organization,
governmental and non-governmental programs serve to support
it. Although the interpretation may vary from one state to
another, they have a common ideology of supporting the policy
about the solutions implemented by pioneers of the policy.
Outcomes of this policy
After the implementation of this policy on 14th June 2014, the
child corruption and fraud rates have been greatly minimized.
The collaboration of this policy with The Hague adoption has
yielded better results in ensuring that the adoption of the
children follows the right protocol and the interests of the
children being exchanged are also put into consideration. The
policy has also successfully collaborated with Adoption Service

10. Providers to meet the policy goals. The most notable and
expected outcome of this policy was the reduction in the
population of children present in the foster care centers (Seltzer
et al., 2018). This was achieved a proper understanding of the
policies and the following of the right channel when adopting
the children. This understanding helped increase the adoption
rate and hence reducing the population of children in the foster
care centers.
Recent research has revealed that the original goalmouths of
plummeting the population of children and enhancing the
transition of youths present into early adulthood. This is clearly
supported by the increased number adopted by the American
Nations.in addition, safeguards of the non-convention
adoptions.
Alternative strategies in case the current policy fails
If this policy could give failed to reduce the population in the
foster care centers, three alternative strategies can as well be
used to ensure that the goals are met. These strategies are the
elimination of the out of home placement, reducing the span of
stay in the out-of-home care and minimizing the racial
disproportionality and their disparate outcomes.
The chief strategy in minimizing the population of children in
the out-of-home care centers is preventing the children from
entering the care centers as much as possible. Providing the
family with enough support and resources, most children will be
safe with their families and as well as the communities in which
their family belong to (Hanson & Lang, 2016). The main goal of
the family support is to strengthen the families that are under
crisis or those family that have been involved in the child
welfare system. Preservation methods can also assist in ensuring
that the families remain intact and safe when children return
from foster care. Federal state laws are required to make
reasonable efforts towards ensuring that children and the youths
are kept within their families. This effort is achieved by
reducing the risks and harm that they might encounter. To
ensure that this strategy remains considerate, children will be

11. only allowed to join foster care after a successful attempt of
containing the situation has failed. In summary, for this strategy
to remain successful, two types of services are involved. These
are family preservatives and family support (Head & Alford,
2015).
The second strategy that will be implemented to save the
situation is minimizing the span of stay in out-of-home care.
Reduction in the period spent in foster care implies a reduction
in the number of children who will be present there. This
strategy can be made effective in two major ways. These are
strengthening of the courts and strengthening of the child
welfare practice. Strengthening the courts can be achieved
through reduction of court delays, implementation of new court
models and also enhancing the legal representation of the
children and their families. Besides, the participation of the
youths in the court hearings that affect them is also vital in
strengthening the courts. The major role of the court towards
children welfare is a determination of whether the reasonable
efforts that need to be incorporated have been implemented so
that the need of the children to enter the foster care centers is
reduced (Head & Alford, 2015). The courts also decide if the
reunification services are needed or not. Strengthening child
welfare, on the other hand, involved strengthening the kinship
guardianship and care, strengthening adoption and enhancing
the actions that serve to promote the timely and safe
reunification. These three practices can serve to decrease the
population of children in out-of-home care.
The last strategy that can be used is the reduction of racial
disproportionality for color children in foster care centers.
Research revealed that black children who are still native
Americans tend to remain in the foster centers more often.
When these black children meet with the native white American
children, disparities between them arise when their time to exit
comes. This later leads to congestion in the care centers of one
racial over the others (Fong & McRoy, 2015). A strategy like
this one that can be used to address the racial disproportionality

12. in the foster care center can be promising towards containing
this challenge and hence achieving the safe reduction of the
number of children present in these centers. Implementation of
this policy also involves the implementation of practices that
minimize the number of children of color admitted fostering
care centers. Another practice involved is ensuring permanent
placement of the color children admitted to the foster care
centers.
Stakeholders and steps for developing effective social policy
The stakeholders convoluted in the advancement of a social
policy include a wide group of patients, the public, researchers,
advocacy groups and the state and policymakers. The following
are the four steps that can be used towards developing effective
social policy.
Identification of the need: an effective social policy can be
developed as a result of need anticipation or need a response.
Activities need to be fully assessed so that the report on the so
that the policy will fully meet the needs.
Gather information: this involves putting together all the
requirements of establishing a rule. Guidance and help on the
way forward are also handled in this case.
Draft the policy: this step ensures that the length and the
wording are to standard.
Consult relevant stakeholders: relevant stakeholders who can
impact the policy need to be consulted and their views put into
consideration.
Finalize and implement the policy: finalization involves
checking if the needs anticipated have been addressed in the
policy then later put it in practice.
Importance and requirement of advocacy
Advocacy is a very significant aspect of the human profession.
It is also a vital requirement of ethical codes as well as the
accreditation human standards. Advocacy through ethical codes
leads to the advancement of professional competencies. They
provide a framework that guides the practitioners in carrying
out interventions. This also reduces the struggle that

13. participants undergo. The most basic requirement for advocacy
practitioners is relevant education in a field of study (Farrer et
al., 2015). The most relevant education is the human service
degree with a specialization in addiction studies.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the reduction of the population of children in
out-of-home care through the implementation of the
“Intercountry Adoption Universal Accreditation Act 2012
Policy” is possible. This policy that was initiated by the
Schuster Institute stood out to be useful after the problem
analysis and possible solution from this institute prompted high-
level stakeholders. Its implementation was fueled by corruption
and fraud of the children across the borders during the Vietnam
wars.
References
Berger, L. M., Cancian, M., Han, E., Noyes, J., & Rios-Salas,
V. (2015). Children’s academic achievement and foster
care. Pediatrics, 135(1), e109-e116.
Brown, T. W., & Roby, J. (2016). Exploitation of Intercountry
Adoption: Toward Common Understanding and
Action. Adoption Quarterly, 19(2), 63-80.
Dworsky, A. (2015). Child welfare services involvement among
the children of young parents in foster care. Child abuse &
neglect, 45, 68-79.
Engel, M. H., Phillips, N. K., & Della Cava, F. A. (2015). Inter-

14. Country Adoption of Children Born in the United
States. Sociology Between the Gaps: Forgotten and Neglected
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Farrer, L., Marinetti, C., Cavaco, Y. K., & Costongs, C. (2015).
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Quarterly, 93(2), 392-437.
Fong, R., & McRoy, R. G. (Eds.). (2016). Transracial and
intercountry adoptions: Cultural guidance for professionals.
Columbia University Press.
Hanson, R. F., & Lang, J. (2016). A critical look at trauma-
informed care among agencies and systems serving maltreated
youth and their families. Child Maltreatment, 21(2), 95-100.
Head, B. W., & Alford, J. (2015). Wicked problems:
Implications for public policy and management. Administration
& Society, 47(6), 711-739.
Seltzer, R. R., Johnson, S., Boss, R., & Minkovitz, C. (2018).
Foster Care for Children with Medical Complexity: Rarely a
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