Android is an open-source, Linux-based operating system designed for mobile devices, developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance. It offers a unified approach to application development, supports a wide range of features, and has a continually evolving version history with significant updates enhancing performance, user interface, and security. As of October 2023, the latest version is Android 14, which emphasizes customization and efficiency improvements.

1. Android
Programming
Android - Overview

2. What is Android?
 Android is an open source and Linux-
based Operating System for mobile
devices such as smartphones and tablet
computers.
 Android was developed by the Open
Handset Alliance, led by Google, and
other companies.

3. What is Android?
 Android offers a unified approach to
application development for mobile
devices which means developers need
only develop for Android, and their
applications should be able to run on
different devices powered by Android.

4. What is Android?
 The first beta version of the Android
Software Development Kit (SDK) was
released by Google in 2007 where as the
first commercial version, Android 1.0, was
released in September 2008.

5. What is Android?
 On June 27, 2012, at the Google I/O
conference, Google announced the next
Android version, 4.1 Jelly Bean.
 Jelly Bean is an incremental update, with the
primary aim of improving the user interface,
both in terms of functionality and
performance.

6. What is Android?
 The source code for Android is available
under free and open source software
licenses.
 Google publishes most of the code under the
Apache License version 2.0 and the rest, Linux
kernel changes, under the GNU General
Public License version 2.

7. Why Android ?

8. Features of Android
 Android is a powerful operating system
competing with Apple 4GS and supports
great features.
 Few of them are listed below
 Beautiful UI
 Connectivity
 Storage
 Media support

9. Features of Android
 Messaging
 Web browser
 Multi-touch
 Multi-tasking
 Resizable widgets
 Multi-Language
 GCM
 Wi-Fi Direct
 Android Beam

10. Android Applications
 Android applications are usually
developed in the Java/Kotlin language
using the Android Software Development
Kit.
 Once developed, Android applications
can be packaged easily and sold out
either through a store such as Google
Play, SlideME, Opera Mobile
Store, Mobango, F-droid and the Amazon
Appstore.

11. Android Applications
 Android powers hundreds of millions of
mobile devices in more than 190 countries
around the world.
 It's the largest installed base of any mobile
platform and growing fast.
 Every day more than 1 million new
Android devices are activated worldwide.

12. Categories of Android
applications
 There are many android applications in
the market. The top categories are:

13. History of Android
 The code names of android ranges from
A to N currently, such as Aestro, Blender,
Cupcake, Donut, Eclair, Froyo,
Gingerbread, Honeycomb, Ice Cream
Sandwitch, Jelly Bean, KitKat, Lollipop and
Marshmallow.

14. History of Android
 Over the years, Google has released
several versions of the Android operating
system, each with new features,
improvements, and security
enhancements.
 Here are the major versions of Android
and their key features:

15. Android Versions

16. Android Versions
 Android 1.0 (2008): This was the first commercial
version of Android, released in 2008. It featured a
 Simple user interface
 Support for basic features such as phone calls,
text messaging, and email.

17. Android Versions
 Android 1.5 Cupcake (2009): This version
introduced a number of new features, including
 A virtual keyboard
 Home screen widgets
 Support for video recording.

18. Android Versions
 Android 1.6 Donut (2009): This version
introduced a number of improvements, including
Support for:
 Larger screen sizes
 Improved search functionality
 Better camera support.

19. Android Versions
 Android 2.0/2.1 Eclair (2009): This version
introduced a number of new features, including:
 Google maps navigation
 Live wallpapers
 Support for multiple google accounts.

20. Android Versions
 Android 2.2 Froyo (2010): This version
introduced a number of performance
improvements, including support for:
 Faster web browsing
 Better app management
 The ability to install apps to an SD card.

21. Android Versions
 Android 2.3 Gingerbread (2010): This version
introduced a number of new features, including
support for
 Near field communication (NFC)
 A redesigned virtual keyboard
 Improved power management

22. Android Versions
 Android 3.0 Honeycomb (2011): This version
was designed specifically for tablet devices and
introduced a number of new features, including
 A redesigned user interface
 Support for multi-tasking
 A new virtual keyboard

23. Android Versions
 Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich (2011): This
version introduced a number of new features,
including
 A new virtual assistant (google now)
 A redesigned user interface
 Support for wireless printing

24. Android Versions
 Android 4.1 Jelly Bean (2012): This version
introduced a number of performance
improvements, including support for
 Google now
 Improved notifications
 The ability to swipe between home screens.

25. Android Versions
 Android 4.4 KitKat (2013): This version
introduced a number of new features, including
 A redesigned user interface
 Support for google cloud print
 The ability to use your device as a TV remote
control

26. Android Versions
 Android 5.0 Lollipop (2014): This version
introduced a number of new features, including
 A redesigned user interface
 Support for multiple user accounts
 Improved battery life

27. Android Versions
 Android 6.0 Marshmallow (2015): This version
introduced a number of new features, including support
for
 Google now on tap
 Improved battery life
 The ability to grant or deny app permissions on a
per-app basis

28. Android Versions
 Android 7.0 Nougat (2016): This version
introduced a number of new features, including
support for:
 Split-screen multitasking
 Improved notifications
 The ability to quickly switch between apps.

29. Android Versions
 Android 8.0 Oreo (2017): This version introduced
a number of new features, including support for:
 picture-in-picture mode
 Improved battery life
 The ability to snooze notifications

30. Android Versions
 Android 9.0 Pie (2018): This version introduced a
number of new features, including:
 A new gesture-based navigation system,
 Improved battery life
 The ability to use your phone as a digital
wellbeing tool.

31. Android Versions
 Android 10 Android Q(2019): This version
introduced a number of new features, including support
for:
 A system-wide dark mode
 Improved privacy controls
 The ability to share your wi-fi network with others

32. Android Versions
 Android 11 Red velvet Cake(2020): is a version of the
Android operating system released by Google in
September 2020. It was the eleventh major release and
the successor to Android 10. This version introduced a
number of new features, including:
 Built-in screen recording
 Pin conversation to the top of app and screen

33. Android Versions
 Android 12 Snow Cone (2021): Released Oct. 4,
2021. This version introduced a number of new
features,
 Including improved privacy controls
 A new material design
 The ability to schedule when apps can access your
microphone and camera.

34.  Android 12L(2022): Released March 7, 2022.The
L stands for larger screens. This update aimed to
improve the user interface and optimize for the
larger screen of a tablet, foldable or Chromebook.
 This update added a dual-panel notification
center for tablets and foldables.

35. Android Versions
 Android 13 Tiramisu(2022): Released in Aug. 15,
2022. This version introduced a number of new
features, including
 Improved performance
 Enhanced security features
 The ability to easily manage and organize your apps
and notifications.

36. Android Versions
 Android 14 Upside Down Cake(2023): Released on
Oct. 4, 2023. This version introduced a number of new
features, including
 More customization options for the lock screen and
wallpapers.
 OS efficiency was improved to decrease the strain
on a phone’s battery.
 For accessibility, google added larger scalable fonts
for vision-impaired users