Android Development: Approach for Agile Teams

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Developing completely native Android apps can make changes to UI difficult. This presentation talks about the hybrid approach to combine native tools, HTML5, Javascript and CSS to build good looking apps and demonstrate an approach to use custom JS bridge to reduce the apk file size with better performance.

Technology

Android Development :
Approach For Agile Teams
Anay Kamat
Consultant/Co-Founder
PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Android
• A great mobile platform
• Easy to learn SDK
• Lot of apps
• But…

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

How many iOS based devices do you know?

Now count the number of Android devices..

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

And then there are client
expectations!
• Android as a silver bullet
• Mobiles devices have smaller screens, thus
app development should be simple
• Static & Dynamic apps.. WHAT??
• UI has to be fancy or should match the theme
of their web app.

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Development Anti-Patterns
• Most consider Android to be something like
iOS clone
– Often forget the existence of concepts like
“Intent”
• Most of the code is for fancy UI including
layouts and images for different screens and
orientations
• XML for purpose other than data transfer or
data markup

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Android is not iOS clone
• Android supports collaboration between apps
• Android port of iOS app should be same as the
original iOS app… WHY??

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Layout design with XML is good
But..
– XML was not created for that purpose
– Too verbose
– Does not directly interact with logical behavior
• Compare “rake” with “ant”
– Difficult to refactor

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Fancy UI
• Consider Windows and OSX applications
– They use standard UI libraries provided by the OS
– Feature rich
– Makes it easier to use new application due to
familiar UI concepts
• Fancy UI for mobile app
– Requires more development efforts
– Adds learning curve for the user

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

All this adds to development
complexity
• Difficult to be Agile while developing
completely native application
• Alternative: Hybrid Approach
– Native code (Java): To power business logic and
backend services
– HTML &Javascript: For UI
– This makes refactoring easy for both UI and
backend.

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Java
• Tried and trusted
• Object oriented
• Powers lot of enterprise applications
• But makes it difficult to write event based
code
– For e.g GUI Applications

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Javascript
• Has some OO features
• Great functional language
• Good for developing event based UI apps

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

HTML & CSS
• Already in widespread use for building fancy
web UIs
• HTML5 takes it even further

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

But what about performance?
• Works great unless you are building games
involving heavy graphics

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Example
• Lets take a look at a sample hybrid application
developed using Forge (Trigger.io)
– https://github.com/trigger-corp/forge-template-
list-and-detail

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Observation
• Can help to quickly build hybrid apps with
Fancy UI
• But the file size of final APK is 2.9 MB
• What if we don’t make use of frameworks like
Forge/PhoneGap?
– Use the same HTML/CSS and JS
– Write your own JS bridge

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Observation
• Took around 4 hours to develop underlying
native bridge
• APK file size : 93 KB (WOW)

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Final approach
• Develop your great application using tools like
Forge/PhoneGap
– This ensures quick turnaround
– Existing talent and agile practices could be used
• Optimize it further (if required) using custom
native bridge

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

What’s next?
• Continuous integration
• Automated function tests

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Thank You

About me
– Consultant/Co-Founder at PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
– Creator of Programming Language for students
• https://github.com/kamatanay/MayaLanguage
– Twitter: @kamatanay
– Email:anay@presentsoft.co.in
– Company Home Page: http://www.prsentsoft.co.in
– Personal Home Page: http://www.anaykamat.com

Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

Are you looking to build new capabilities or extend capabilities of existing business software to enhance productivity and profitability. Key performance metrics are: 1. application scope management 2. project status and dependencies 3. prompt action for defect containment and defect resolution 4. schedule variance and budget variance analysis Follow a well-defined and mature application development process based on business case analysis. Who Manages a Project? Highly-trained Project Managers at CodeMyMobile manage the complete application development lifecycle with a focus on efficiency. Our experienced project managers lead planning, coordination, communication and control of activities pertaining to technology initiatives, ensuring that project outcomes are in line with our customers’ business objectives and comply with overall time, cost and quality success criteria. Responsibilities of the Project Manager:  Manage the project goals, scope and project teams to ensure overall project success, including customer satisfaction.  Develop and proactively manage project plans, including scheduling, identification of risks, contingency plans, issues management, and allocation of available resources. Project Control & Risk Management:  Monitor progress against the overall project plan, leading the team toward successful milestone completion.  Identify, communicate and manage project issues and risks, notifying and/or escalating appropriately to the customer or internally.

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Android Development: Approach for Agile Teams

4. And then there are client expectations! • Android as a silver bullet • Mobiles devices have smaller screens, thus app development should be simple • Static & Dynamic apps.. WHAT?? • UI has to be fancy or should match the theme of their web app. Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

5. Development Anti-Patterns • Most consider Android to be something like iOS clone – Often forget the existence of concepts like “Intent” • Most of the code is for fancy UI including layouts and images for different screens and orientations • XML for purpose other than data transfer or data markup Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

6. Android is not iOS clone • Android supports collaboration between apps • Android port of iOS app should be same as the original iOS app… WHY?? Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

7. Layout design with XML is good But.. – XML was not created for that purpose – Too verbose – Does not directly interact with logical behavior • Compare “rake” with “ant” – Difficult to refactor Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

8. Fancy UI • Consider Windows and OSX applications – They use standard UI libraries provided by the OS – Feature rich – Makes it easier to use new application due to familiar UI concepts • Fancy UI for mobile app – Requires more development efforts – Adds learning curve for the user Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

10. All this adds to development complexity • Difficult to be Agile while developing completely native application • Alternative: Hybrid Approach – Native code (Java): To power business logic and backend services – HTML &Javascript: For UI – This makes refactoring easy for both UI and backend. Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

11. Java • Tried and trusted • Object oriented • Powers lot of enterprise applications • But makes it difficult to write event based code – For e.g GUI Applications Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

15. Example • Lets take a look at a sample hybrid application developed using Forge (Trigger.io) – https://github.com/trigger-corp/forge-template- list-and-detail Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

20. Observation • Can help to quickly build hybrid apps with Fancy UI • But the file size of final APK is 2.9 MB • What if we don’t make use of frameworks like Forge/PhoneGap? – Use the same HTML/CSS and JS – Write your own JS bridge Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

26. Final approach • Develop your great application using tools like Forge/PhoneGap – This ensures quick turnaround – Existing talent and agile practices could be used • Optimize it further (if required) using custom native bridge Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

28. Thank You About me – Consultant/Co-Founder at PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd. – Creator of Programming Language for students • https://github.com/kamatanay/MayaLanguage – Twitter: @kamatanay – Email:anay@presentsoft.co.in – Company Home Page: http://www.prsentsoft.co.in – Personal Home Page: http://www.anaykamat.com Copyright © 2007-2012 PresentSoft Technologies Pvt. Ltd., All Rights Reserved.

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