Android is an open source operating system used primarily for mobile devices like smartphones and tablets. It uses a modified Linux kernel and includes key applications and middleware written in C/C++. Java is used for application development. Android provides basic OS services, messaging, and allows inter-process communication. It has a large developer community and supports many hardware manufacturers.

1. Presented by:
Raziel B. Lucagbo, ACT-1

2.  operating system for mobile
◦ Smart phone
 high-end mobile phone built
on a mobile computing
platform
 were devices that mainly
combined the functions of
a personal digital
assistant (PDA) and a mobile
phone or camera phone
 Combine the functions
of portable media players,
low-end compact digital
cameras, pocket video
cameras, and GPS navigation
units.

3. ◦ tablet computers
 is a complete mobile computer, larger than a mobile
phone or personal digital assistant, integrated into a
flat touch screen and primarily operated by touching the
screen
 often uses an onscreen virtual keyboard, a passive stylus
pen, or a digital pen

4.  Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an
operating system, middleware and key applications
 provides the tools and APIs necessary to begin developing
applications on the Android platform using the Java
programming language.
 consists of a kernel based on the Linux kernel,
with middleware, libraries and APIs written in C
and application software running on an application
framework which includes Java-compatible libraries based
on Apache Harmony
 Provides basic operating system services, message
passing, and inter-process communication on the
device.

5. Android, the world's most popular
mobile platform
Android powers millions of phones,
tablets, and other devices and brings
the power of Google and the web into
your hands.
With an amazingly fast browser, cloud
sync, multi-tasking, easy ways to
connect & share and the latest Google
apps (and thousands of other apps
available on Android Market) your
Android powered device is beyond
smart.

6.  Android is a mobile operating system which is
becoming a major competitor to iPhone OS in
terms of openness.I am beginning the android
series which will be helpful for developers who
wish to develop android apps.
 Android was initially developed by Android Inc.
Later acquired by Google to form open Headset
alliance [ a group of 65 hardware, software, and
telecom companies ].Applications for android
devices are written in Java language.

7.  android v1.5-cupcake Based on Linux Kernel
2.6.27
 android v1.6-donut ,Based on Linux Kernel
2.6.29
 android v2.0-ecliar,Based on Linux Kernel
2.6.29
 Android-2.2-Froyo,Based on Linux Kernel
2.6.32
 android gingerbread,Based on Linux Kernel
2.6.33

8. v 3.0 Honeycomb
Designed especially for Tablet PC’s
Android 3.0[Honeycomb] is dedicated for tablet PCs hence the design change primarily focuses in tablet optimization with updated UI.
Honeycomb is the next version of the Android platform, designed from the ground up for devices with larger screen sizes, particularly tablets
Icecream Sandwich
The next version composing of both
gingerbread and honeycomb into unified
OS

9.  The following are lists of devices that have been released
with Google's Android operating system installed. Multiple
names for the same device are entered in the same row
where applicable.
 Smartphones
◦ Acer Inc.
HTC corp
◦ LG corp
◦ Motorola
◦ Samsung
◦ Sony Ericsson
◦ Other manufacturers
 Alcatel
 Cherry mobile


10.  Android OS is completely open
source .Developers can use the core OS
functions to develop applications Unlike
Iphone OS which is a closed system.
 Android supported by
various hardware manufacturers (OHA) hence
there is no mobilecareer dependency

11.  uses the Dalvik virtual machine with just-in-time
compilation to run Dalvik dex-code (Dalvik Executable),
which is usually translated from Java bytecode
 It has a large community of developers writing applications
("apps") that extend the functionality of the devices
 Android, Inc. was founded in Palo Alto, California, United
States in October, 2003
 Andy Rubin (co-founder of Danger)
 Rich Miner(co-founder of Wildfire Communications, Inc.)
 Nick Sears (once VP at T-Mobile)
 Chris White (headed design and interface development
at WebTV)

12.  Application framework enabling reuse and replacement of
components
 Dalvik virtual machine optimized for mobile devices
 Integrated browser based on the open source Web Kit engine
 Optimized graphics powered by a custom 2D graphics
library; 3D graphics based on the OpenGL ES 1.0
specification (hardware acceleration optional)
 SQ Lite for structured data storage
 Media support for common audio, video, and still image
formats (MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF)
 GSM Telephony (hardware dependent)
 Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and WiFi (hardware dependent)

13.  Camera, GPS, compass, and
accelerometer (hardware dependent)
 Rich development environment including a
device emulator, tools for debugging,
memory and performance profiling, and a
plugin for the Eclipse IDE

14.  The following diagram shows the major components of the
Android operating system. Each section is described in more
detail below.

15.  Android includes a set of C/C++ libraries used by various
components of the Android system. These capabilities are
exposed to developers through the Android application
framework.
 System C library - a BSD-derived implementation of the
standard C system library (libc), tuned for embedded Linux-
based devices
 Media Libraries - based on PacketVideo's OpenCORE; the
libraries support playback and recording of many popular audio
and video formats, as well as static image files, including
MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, and PNG
 Surface Manager - manages access to the display subsystem
and seamlessly composites 2D and 3D graphic layers from
multiple applications

16. ◦ LibWebCore - a modern web browser
engine which powers both the Android
browser and an embeddable web view
◦ SGL - the underlying 2D graphics engine
◦ 3D libraries - an implementation based on
OpenGL ES 1.0 APIs; the libraries use
either hardware 3D acceleration (where
available) or the included, highly optimized
3D software rasterizer
◦ FreeType - bitmap and vector font
rendering
◦ SQLite - a powerful and lightweight
relational database engine available to all
applications