The positive relationship between entrepreneurship and economic development through employment generation and poverty reduction has been well established in academic research. This is the rationale why governments across different countries try to comprehend the dynamics of entrepreneurship. There is growing interest in decoding the context in which entrepreneurship thrives. Research on œEntrepreneurial Ecosystem has gained momentum since it provides the necessary framework in which entrepreneurship develops. The objective of this study is to analyze the various components of entrepreneurial ecosystem and Total early stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA) in selected Asian countries. The research is based on secondary data related to entrepreneurial ecosystem and total early stage entrepreneurial activity, provided by Global entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). The findings of the research indicate that there is need to improve the entrepreneurial ecosystem in Asian countries. Asian countries exhibit insufficient provisions of access to finance for entrepreneurs. Government policies and programs, taxes and bureaucratic regime are also insufficient for nurturing entrepreneurial environment. Entrepreneurship education and training both at basic school level and post school level are not sufficient for creating a conducive environment for entrepreneurs. Markets, infrastructural provisions and social and cultural norms are also not found to be sufficient for entrepreneurship to thrive in Asian context. Total early stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA) is also quite low for Asian countries. The findings of the study can be of instrumental value for academicians and policy makers interested in entrepreneurship development in Asia. Neha Tiwari"An Empirical Analysis of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem in Selected Asian Countries" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-2 , February 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd9436.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-environment/9436/an-empirical-analysis-of-entrepreneurial-ecosystem-in-selected-asian-countries/neha-tiwari
This document discusses a research thesis analyzing the relationship between social and economic development in Pakistan at the district level. It provides background on the concepts of social and economic development. The thesis uses data from Pakistan's Household Income and Expenditure Survey to examine relationships between economic ranks, literacy rates, and enrollment rates as indicators of social and economic development. It describes the methodology, results for different provinces, and graphical representations of the findings. The conclusion discusses that social and economic development is needed in Pakistan to improve standards of living through education, incomes, skills, and employment.
This document analyzes government programs in Nigeria and Ghana aimed at reducing unemployment through entrepreneurship. It finds that while the goals of the programs in both countries are similar, there are differences in implementation. The programs have faced challenges such as inadequate funding, lack of training, and lack of support from governments, leading to failures in reducing unemployment. The paper recommends clearer policies led by a specialized ministry, including entrepreneurship in education, and long-term support for private sector job growth to better address unemployment.
This document discusses conducting a PEST analysis to evaluate the environmental suitability for developing entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. It provides background on entrepreneurship in Bangladesh historically and currently. It outlines the scope of the study, reviews relevant literature on factors influencing entrepreneurship development. This includes discussing economic and non-economic factors, the social and economic background of Bangladesh, conditions for women entrepreneurs, and problems associated with entrepreneurship development. The document proposes using PEST analysis to evaluate the political, economic, social, and technological environment in Bangladesh to identify opportunities and challenges for growing entrepreneurship.
An Investigation of the Impact of Social Capital for the Entrepreneurial Inte...ijtsrd
It is reported that individuals have less willingness to start their own business. Lack of entrepreneurial intentions impact adversely for the economic development of the country as entrepreneurship is a major source of employment generation and economic development. Thus, scholars emphasize on investigating the factors stimulating the interest of undergraduates to become an entrepreneur. Among the factors, social capital of individuals plays a vital role. On the above backdrop, present study was undertaken to understand the impact of social capital affecting the entrepreneurial intentions of the undergraduates involved in Business Administration and Entrepreneurship courses in Sri Lankan Universities. Findings of the study suggests that the number of social ties, trustworthy relationships and the social norms shared among the undergraduates within their community affect their willingness to start a new business. Thus, the study provides significant insights for the university administrators highlighting importance of facilitating a platform for the undergraduates to network with the fellow undergraduates. R H G W P K Henegedara | D G M P M Gamage "An Investigation of the Impact of Social Capital for the Entrepreneurial Intentions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25227.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-administration/25227/an-investigation-of-the-impact-of-social-capital-for-the-entrepreneurial-intentions/r-h-g-w-p-k-henegedara
11.human capital development and economic growth in nigeriaAlexander Decker
1) The document discusses human capital development and economic growth in Nigeria. It analyzes the relationship between investments in education, health, and skills training (proxies for human capital) and GDP (a proxy for economic growth).
2) The analysis finds a strong positive relationship between human capital development and economic growth in Nigeria. However, Nigeria still struggles with high illiteracy, unskilled workers, and uneven distribution of skilled labor.
3) To promote continued economic growth, the document recommends that Nigeria evolve more effective strategies for developing skills and capabilities across its population. It also calls for improved institutions to align training with the needs of different economic sectors.
Variable regulation in Indian states and labour migrations within India: Some...Prashanth N S
This document discusses variable regulations across Indian states and internal labor migration. It provides background on India's federal structure and population. It then focuses on Kerala, highlighting its land reforms, education, healthcare programs and high social indicators despite low economic growth, termed the "Kerala Model." However, Kerala also experiences unskilled labor inflows and skilled labor outflows due to strict land and labor laws. Overall, the document examines differences in state regulations, policies and their impacts on investment, growth and migration patterns within India.
11.measuring impact of demographic and environmental factors on small busines...Alexander Decker
This study examined the impact of demographic and environmental factors on small business performance in Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. Data was collected through surveys of 60 small business owners. Regression analysis found that investment, entrepreneurial experience, business profile, and culture had a statistically significant positive relationship with business profits. Higher levels of education also positively impacted profits. The study concluded that providing opportunities for small business owners to develop business skills could help promote business success in the region.
This document discusses a research thesis analyzing the relationship between social and economic development in Pakistan at the district level. It provides background on the concepts of social and economic development. The thesis uses data from Pakistan's Household Income and Expenditure Survey to examine relationships between economic ranks, literacy rates, and enrollment rates as indicators of social and economic development. It describes the methodology, results for different provinces, and graphical representations of the findings. The conclusion discusses that social and economic development is needed in Pakistan to improve standards of living through education, incomes, skills, and employment.
This document analyzes government programs in Nigeria and Ghana aimed at reducing unemployment through entrepreneurship. It finds that while the goals of the programs in both countries are similar, there are differences in implementation. The programs have faced challenges such as inadequate funding, lack of training, and lack of support from governments, leading to failures in reducing unemployment. The paper recommends clearer policies led by a specialized ministry, including entrepreneurship in education, and long-term support for private sector job growth to better address unemployment.
This document discusses conducting a PEST analysis to evaluate the environmental suitability for developing entrepreneurship in Bangladesh. It provides background on entrepreneurship in Bangladesh historically and currently. It outlines the scope of the study, reviews relevant literature on factors influencing entrepreneurship development. This includes discussing economic and non-economic factors, the social and economic background of Bangladesh, conditions for women entrepreneurs, and problems associated with entrepreneurship development. The document proposes using PEST analysis to evaluate the political, economic, social, and technological environment in Bangladesh to identify opportunities and challenges for growing entrepreneurship.
An Investigation of the Impact of Social Capital for the Entrepreneurial Inte...ijtsrd
It is reported that individuals have less willingness to start their own business. Lack of entrepreneurial intentions impact adversely for the economic development of the country as entrepreneurship is a major source of employment generation and economic development. Thus, scholars emphasize on investigating the factors stimulating the interest of undergraduates to become an entrepreneur. Among the factors, social capital of individuals plays a vital role. On the above backdrop, present study was undertaken to understand the impact of social capital affecting the entrepreneurial intentions of the undergraduates involved in Business Administration and Entrepreneurship courses in Sri Lankan Universities. Findings of the study suggests that the number of social ties, trustworthy relationships and the social norms shared among the undergraduates within their community affect their willingness to start a new business. Thus, the study provides significant insights for the university administrators highlighting importance of facilitating a platform for the undergraduates to network with the fellow undergraduates. R H G W P K Henegedara | D G M P M Gamage "An Investigation of the Impact of Social Capital for the Entrepreneurial Intentions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25227.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-administration/25227/an-investigation-of-the-impact-of-social-capital-for-the-entrepreneurial-intentions/r-h-g-w-p-k-henegedara
11.human capital development and economic growth in nigeriaAlexander Decker
1) The document discusses human capital development and economic growth in Nigeria. It analyzes the relationship between investments in education, health, and skills training (proxies for human capital) and GDP (a proxy for economic growth).
2) The analysis finds a strong positive relationship between human capital development and economic growth in Nigeria. However, Nigeria still struggles with high illiteracy, unskilled workers, and uneven distribution of skilled labor.
3) To promote continued economic growth, the document recommends that Nigeria evolve more effective strategies for developing skills and capabilities across its population. It also calls for improved institutions to align training with the needs of different economic sectors.
Variable regulation in Indian states and labour migrations within India: Some...Prashanth N S
This document discusses variable regulations across Indian states and internal labor migration. It provides background on India's federal structure and population. It then focuses on Kerala, highlighting its land reforms, education, healthcare programs and high social indicators despite low economic growth, termed the "Kerala Model." However, Kerala also experiences unskilled labor inflows and skilled labor outflows due to strict land and labor laws. Overall, the document examines differences in state regulations, policies and their impacts on investment, growth and migration patterns within India.
11.measuring impact of demographic and environmental factors on small busines...Alexander Decker
This study examined the impact of demographic and environmental factors on small business performance in Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. Data was collected through surveys of 60 small business owners. Regression analysis found that investment, entrepreneurial experience, business profile, and culture had a statistically significant positive relationship with business profits. Higher levels of education also positively impacted profits. The study concluded that providing opportunities for small business owners to develop business skills could help promote business success in the region.
Human capital development in technical vocational education (tve) for sustain...Alexander Decker
This document discusses human capital development in technical vocational education for sustainable national development in Nigeria. It makes three key points:
1. Technical vocational education plays an important role in human capital development by developing skills that increase productivity and employability, which supports sustainable economic growth and national development.
2. For technical vocational education to effectively contribute to human capital development, institutions must be well-equipped with infrastructure, workshop facilities, and qualified teachers to ensure graduates acquire skills for gainful employment.
3. Nigeria has faced challenges in technical vocational education like insufficient facilities and teachers, but it remains an important way to reduce unemployment and poverty through skills training.
Nigerian Women Entrepreneurs: Challenges, Incentives and Achievements IndicatorsIOSR Journals
Women entrepreneurship in Nigeria is the focus of this study. Some women entrepreneurs in Lagos state, Delta State and Federal Capital Territory (Abuja) of Nigeria has been selected for the purpose of this study. The study identifies challenges encountered by women entrepreneurs during business establishment and business life cycle and issues arising between work and family were examined. The study also considered the likely incentives for these entrepreneurs for starting their own businesses and factors which account for their success in business. There are similarities between the challenges faced by women entrepreneur in Nigeria which is a developing country, when compared their counterparts in European countries. However, issues between work and family in Nigeria for women entrepreneur are less significant and these likely to account for their being able to start their own businesses and level of achievements in business
The economic prosperity of a nation depends on the quality of its workforce. The present study attempts to describe the work force participation rates in India. This study illustrates the spatial and temporal change in the work force participation of persons (males and females) in India, highlighting important differences due to sex, age, place of residence. A striking feature has been a rising trend in the rural female work force participation rates after liberalization (1991) but declining trend in the last decade (2011). This work force distribution also presents data regarding number of main and marginal workers. The time series data on work force distribution by category of workers like cultivators, agricultural laborers, workers in rural Household industries, etc. also presents a picture of structural change occurring in the economy. The temporal analysis of total workers of India explains that the work participation rate has registered continuous increase in the last three decades.
A Study on Prospect and Problem of Human Resources Management in the Banking ...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Modern banks play an important part in promoting
economic development of a country. Banks provide necessary
funds for executing various programs underway in the process
of economic development. Thus, this study aims at proper
utilization of the human resources to use banking sector for the
all round of well fair services for the citizen of Bangladesh by
considering the various kinds of prospects and problems.
Impediments and Inducements to Youth Entrepreneurship Development in Sylhet R...IOSRJBM
The purpose of this paper is to explore and identify the key impediments and constraints that obstruct young people from starting and running a new venture and at the same time, inducements and stimuli that trigger youths to entrepreneurial activities. Data were collected from 80 young entrepreneurs of Sylhet, Bangladesh through a questionnaire gleaned from the literature review following a convenience and purposive sampling technique. Findings revealed, insufficient personal savings, high interest rate, and negative attitude of financial institutions to young entrepreneurs due to high default rate are the major impediments to obtaining start-up fund, being their own boss and earning more money are the prime inducements to engage in business. Parents and teachers influenced most to start business while financial risk reported as the most critical demotivator. Managing fund and fierce competition are main problems in running the business successfully. Lack of vocational education and training and inappropriate and inadequate curriculum and study programs are the key educational constraints, unsupportive tax regulations, complex business registration procedure are the leading administrative and regulatory barriers, dearth of information on available business support services and lack of training and business counseling are the major impediments of business support services. The implications of the study bear far-reaching ramifications to the concerned stakeholders for facilitating and encouraging youth entrepreneurship development by addressing the start-up constraints and problems
The document discusses globalization and its impacts. It notes that globalization has lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty in China and India as they experienced high economic growth rates attributed to increasing globalization. However, there is growing opposition in developed countries to globalization. It then discusses specific impacts of China's globalization on developed countries, including cheaper Chinese exports putting pressure on domestic producers, China gaining technological innovations from developed countries to produce cheaper similar products, and China manipulating its currency to enhance international competitiveness.
An Eclectic Theory of Entrepreneurship: Three level analysis for developing E...Dr.Nasir Ahmad
The study was intended to recommend guidelines for developing entrepreneurship
policy in Pakistan. For this purpose An Eclectic Theory of Entrepreneurship was used as
theoretical frame work to analyze empirical research studies and available reports at
three different levels. At micro level, low literacy rate was found to be foremost
requirement for developing entrepreneurship. Lack of knowledge based economic
system was found to be the center of problem at meso level. At macro level, core of the
problem is that policy makers need to understand the spirit of entrepreneurship to plan
economic policy accordingly. It was recommended that efforts may be made to: raise
education level and entrepreneurial orientation of the people; reshaping to knowledge
based economic system; and entrepreneurship may be designated as major pillar of
economic policy
This document summarizes a study on the occupational vulnerability of women workers in India's informal sector. It finds that the informal sector employs about 86% of India's workforce and 91% of its women workers. Women in the informal sector face multiple vulnerabilities, including irregular work, low wages, lack of bargaining power, and need to balance work and unpaid domestic duties. The document then categorizes common occupations for women in the informal sector, such as rag picking, domestic work, vending, construction work, and garment work. It describes a survey conducted in the Indian state of Odisha to understand the living and working conditions of women in various informal occupations.
The document discusses Pakistan's economy and economic institutions. It defines key economic concepts like production, distribution and consumption. It also outlines Pakistan's economic systems of capitalism and socialism. It then describes modes of subsistence like pastoralism, horticulture and agriculture. It identifies issues facing Pakistan's economy like fiscal and monetary policy challenges, power crisis, low exports and high imports. It concludes by suggesting reforms like increasing exports, improving governance, education and developing human capital.
This document summarizes a study on entrepreneurial motivation among small business owners in Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The study examined motivation across several dimensions, including entrepreneurial core, work core, social core, individual core, and economic core. A sample of 30 entrepreneurs was surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The results showed that over 60% of entrepreneurs had high motivation in entrepreneurial core and individual core. Motivation was lower in social core and work core. Motivation varied across age groups, with older entrepreneurs generally showing higher motivation in economic core. First generation entrepreneurs showed higher motivation in entrepreneurial and individual cores compared to other dimensions. Motivation also differed between genders, with female entrepreneurs showing higher motivation in
Economic Institution Issues in PakistanAYESHA JAVED
The document discusses key concepts related to economics including the definition of an economy as the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It also defines different economic systems like capitalism, which is based on private ownership and free market competition, and socialism, where resources and means of production are owned by society and controlled by the government. The document then discusses Pakistan's economic institutions like agriculture, industry, and issues it faces including fiscal and monetary policy challenges, power crisis, law and order issues, low exports and high imports, and lack of tourism. It emphasizes that GDP is an important indicator of an economy and that Pakistan has potential for growth if the government and people work to improve areas like governance, education, technology, and natural resources
Human resource management has evolved over time from a technical function focused on administrative tasks to a more strategic role aligned with organizational goals and performance. In the past, personnel administration focused mainly on hiring, evaluating, training, and compensating employees but did not consider how these practices impacted the organization as a whole. However, increasing competitive pressures in the late 20th century led organizations to place more emphasis on strategic planning and aligning human resource practices to promote effectiveness. Today, human resource management involves recruitment, training, performance management, compensation, and ensuring employee health, safety and welfare to fulfill organizational objectives.
Human resource facilitates economic development. It refers to a country's population in terms of size, skills, education levels, and productivity. Countries should engage in manpower planning to develop their human resources. Proper utilization of human resources leads to increased production, development of skills, and improved quality of life. Models like the Coale-Hoover model indicate that economic growth depends on growth in labor force and amount of capital available per laborer. Countries with higher per capita GDP and literacy rates tend to be more productive. India and China are expected to have the largest working-age populations and together produce 40% of the world's graduates by 2020, positioning them to be the top two economies based on GDP by 2050.
Human capital refers to the skills, knowledge, and health that enable people to be productive. Developing human capital through education and training is important for economic growth. While Pakistan has made some investments in education and seen gains in literacy and human development, it spends less than comparable countries on health and education. Improving human capital will require greater investment, better education quality, and addressing issues like population growth and unequal access to opportunities.
Self- Help Groups, a model for Economic Growth in Nagalandpaperpublications3
Abstract: The Economic status of a nation or a state is largely associated by the presence of industries, companies and manufacturing units. The state of Nagaland though surprisingly devoid of the presence of such industries and companies has been making steady progress over the years in its economic status but at a slow phase. The introduction of the Self- help Group scheme in the state in 1999-2000 has been a blessing to the people in many respects. The present paper dwells on the immense contribution made by the SHGs towards the growth of the state’s economy. It brings out to light the role of SHGs in strengthening the economic position of the state, employment opportunities generated and the number of people seriously engaged in the SHGs. The paper attempts to examine the huge potentiality SHGs have in the absence of industries and companies by making a case study of three districts of Nagaland viz. Peren, Kohima and Dimapur districts. It also brings out the SHGs –Bank linkage programmes in the state. For this purpose the paper is divided into three sections. Section I deals with introductory remarks and outlines, the significance of self help groups for employment generation with the infusion of low capital. It also provided an input to analyse the data relating to self help groups from an all India perspective Vis a Vis to self help groups in north eastern states. Section II draws attention of the economic profile of the state and also focus on the sample size for the study emphasising on the impact of self help groups and their contribution to socio- economic development. Section III analyses the findings of the study and provides concluding remarks and suggestions.
Keywords: Bank-linkage, Economic empowerment, income generation, low capital, potentiality. Self help groups, sustainability.
Human Resources and Economic DevelopmentAyesha Arshad
INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN RESOURCES & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
INDICATORS OF HUMAN RESOURCES
IMPORTANCE OF HR DEVELOPMENT
COMPONENTS OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL/ NON-ECONOMIC FACTORS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH
Motivational factors and performance of women entrepreneurs in somaliaAlexander Decker
This document discusses motivational factors and performance of women entrepreneurs in Somalia. It finds that the major motivational factors for Somali women entrepreneurs are self-recognition and economic necessity. The performance of women-owned businesses in Somalia tends to be somewhat low compared to men due to factors like independence and social recognition. There is a moderate correlation found between motivational factors and performance, but the relationship is not strong because women are not highly motivated by financial performance.
Mediating Role of Training on the relationship between MicroFinance Factors a...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A Study on Impact of Startup Ecosystem on Student Innovationsijtsrd
This document discusses startup ecosystems in India and their role in promoting student innovation. It provides background on the growth of startups in India and initiatives by universities like IIMs, IITs, and other institutes to create startup incubation centers and environments. These incubation centers provide resources, funding, and networking opportunities to help students commercialize innovations and launch new companies. The document examines several successful startup incubation programs and stories of companies launched from these university programs. It analyzes the role of these startup ecosystems in fostering entrepreneurship among students and helping translate student innovation into new businesses.
Assessing Regional Innovative Entrepreneurship Ecosystems - Global Entrepren...enterpriseresearchcentre
This document discusses assessing Scotland's innovative entrepreneurship ecosystem using the Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index (GEDI) methodology. It describes applying GEDI at the regional level for the first time, with input from a panel of Scottish experts. The assessment identified eight bottlenecks in the ecosystem and five underlying causes. An outline process is proposed for regional assessments of innovative entrepreneurial ecosystems.
The focus of this research was to establish the effect of entrepreneurship Ecosystem in inculcating
entrepreneurial propensity for community development. Promotion of entrepreneurship in Kenya has existed
ever since independence. The Government has shown tremendous support to entrepreneurship growth. The
Government have channelled financial support through funding such as Women Enterprise fund, Youth
Enterprise Fund and Uwezo Fund
Role of Finance and Organizational Climate on Entrepreneurial Development amo...ijtsrd
Entrepreneurship is a key driver of economic growth and economic development. It is also a medium through which unemployment can be reduced and innovation can be promoted. It is a fact to say that entrepreneurship is a panacea for poverty reduction and eradication which is one of the cardinal eight point agenda of Millennium Development Goals. Entrepreneurship is seen as a key vehicle for employment creation, creation of economic wealth, and an essential means of enhancing the innovation dynamics in the local, regional and national economies Chris 2010 . Entrepreneurship provides a satisfying and rewarding working life, provides a flexible lifestyle and considerable business autonomy. It is becoming an increasingly important career option for unemployed people, secondary school and university graduates. At the national level, entrepreneurial activity contributes to economic growth and economic development Chris 2010 . Many researchers have written extensively on entrepreneurship and its effectiveness to the development of any given economy. Akanni 2008 further opined that the experiences of developed economies in relation to the roles played by entrepreneurship buttresses the fact that the significance of entrepreneurship cannot be overemphasize particularly among developing countries. In order to highlight its importance in relation to the growth and development of a given economy, entrepreneurship has been variously referred to as "source of economic growth". This is because entrepreneurial activities have been found to be capable of making positive impact on the economy of a nation and the quality of life of the people Adejumo, 2000 . Ojo Adeshina Akinwumi | Abifarin Olusola Michael | Dr. Okoklie Emmanuel Azuka "Role of Finance and Organizational Climate on Entrepreneurial Development among Selected Residents" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30297.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/30297/role-of-finance-and-organizational-climate-on-entrepreneurial-development-among-selected-residents/ojo-adeshina-akinwumi
Human capital development in technical vocational education (tve) for sustain...Alexander Decker
This document discusses human capital development in technical vocational education for sustainable national development in Nigeria. It makes three key points:
1. Technical vocational education plays an important role in human capital development by developing skills that increase productivity and employability, which supports sustainable economic growth and national development.
2. For technical vocational education to effectively contribute to human capital development, institutions must be well-equipped with infrastructure, workshop facilities, and qualified teachers to ensure graduates acquire skills for gainful employment.
3. Nigeria has faced challenges in technical vocational education like insufficient facilities and teachers, but it remains an important way to reduce unemployment and poverty through skills training.
Nigerian Women Entrepreneurs: Challenges, Incentives and Achievements IndicatorsIOSR Journals
Women entrepreneurship in Nigeria is the focus of this study. Some women entrepreneurs in Lagos state, Delta State and Federal Capital Territory (Abuja) of Nigeria has been selected for the purpose of this study. The study identifies challenges encountered by women entrepreneurs during business establishment and business life cycle and issues arising between work and family were examined. The study also considered the likely incentives for these entrepreneurs for starting their own businesses and factors which account for their success in business. There are similarities between the challenges faced by women entrepreneur in Nigeria which is a developing country, when compared their counterparts in European countries. However, issues between work and family in Nigeria for women entrepreneur are less significant and these likely to account for their being able to start their own businesses and level of achievements in business
The economic prosperity of a nation depends on the quality of its workforce. The present study attempts to describe the work force participation rates in India. This study illustrates the spatial and temporal change in the work force participation of persons (males and females) in India, highlighting important differences due to sex, age, place of residence. A striking feature has been a rising trend in the rural female work force participation rates after liberalization (1991) but declining trend in the last decade (2011). This work force distribution also presents data regarding number of main and marginal workers. The time series data on work force distribution by category of workers like cultivators, agricultural laborers, workers in rural Household industries, etc. also presents a picture of structural change occurring in the economy. The temporal analysis of total workers of India explains that the work participation rate has registered continuous increase in the last three decades.
A Study on Prospect and Problem of Human Resources Management in the Banking ...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Modern banks play an important part in promoting
economic development of a country. Banks provide necessary
funds for executing various programs underway in the process
of economic development. Thus, this study aims at proper
utilization of the human resources to use banking sector for the
all round of well fair services for the citizen of Bangladesh by
considering the various kinds of prospects and problems.
Impediments and Inducements to Youth Entrepreneurship Development in Sylhet R...IOSRJBM
The purpose of this paper is to explore and identify the key impediments and constraints that obstruct young people from starting and running a new venture and at the same time, inducements and stimuli that trigger youths to entrepreneurial activities. Data were collected from 80 young entrepreneurs of Sylhet, Bangladesh through a questionnaire gleaned from the literature review following a convenience and purposive sampling technique. Findings revealed, insufficient personal savings, high interest rate, and negative attitude of financial institutions to young entrepreneurs due to high default rate are the major impediments to obtaining start-up fund, being their own boss and earning more money are the prime inducements to engage in business. Parents and teachers influenced most to start business while financial risk reported as the most critical demotivator. Managing fund and fierce competition are main problems in running the business successfully. Lack of vocational education and training and inappropriate and inadequate curriculum and study programs are the key educational constraints, unsupportive tax regulations, complex business registration procedure are the leading administrative and regulatory barriers, dearth of information on available business support services and lack of training and business counseling are the major impediments of business support services. The implications of the study bear far-reaching ramifications to the concerned stakeholders for facilitating and encouraging youth entrepreneurship development by addressing the start-up constraints and problems
The document discusses globalization and its impacts. It notes that globalization has lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty in China and India as they experienced high economic growth rates attributed to increasing globalization. However, there is growing opposition in developed countries to globalization. It then discusses specific impacts of China's globalization on developed countries, including cheaper Chinese exports putting pressure on domestic producers, China gaining technological innovations from developed countries to produce cheaper similar products, and China manipulating its currency to enhance international competitiveness.
An Eclectic Theory of Entrepreneurship: Three level analysis for developing E...Dr.Nasir Ahmad
The study was intended to recommend guidelines for developing entrepreneurship
policy in Pakistan. For this purpose An Eclectic Theory of Entrepreneurship was used as
theoretical frame work to analyze empirical research studies and available reports at
three different levels. At micro level, low literacy rate was found to be foremost
requirement for developing entrepreneurship. Lack of knowledge based economic
system was found to be the center of problem at meso level. At macro level, core of the
problem is that policy makers need to understand the spirit of entrepreneurship to plan
economic policy accordingly. It was recommended that efforts may be made to: raise
education level and entrepreneurial orientation of the people; reshaping to knowledge
based economic system; and entrepreneurship may be designated as major pillar of
economic policy
This document summarizes a study on the occupational vulnerability of women workers in India's informal sector. It finds that the informal sector employs about 86% of India's workforce and 91% of its women workers. Women in the informal sector face multiple vulnerabilities, including irregular work, low wages, lack of bargaining power, and need to balance work and unpaid domestic duties. The document then categorizes common occupations for women in the informal sector, such as rag picking, domestic work, vending, construction work, and garment work. It describes a survey conducted in the Indian state of Odisha to understand the living and working conditions of women in various informal occupations.
The document discusses Pakistan's economy and economic institutions. It defines key economic concepts like production, distribution and consumption. It also outlines Pakistan's economic systems of capitalism and socialism. It then describes modes of subsistence like pastoralism, horticulture and agriculture. It identifies issues facing Pakistan's economy like fiscal and monetary policy challenges, power crisis, low exports and high imports. It concludes by suggesting reforms like increasing exports, improving governance, education and developing human capital.
This document summarizes a study on entrepreneurial motivation among small business owners in Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh, India. The study examined motivation across several dimensions, including entrepreneurial core, work core, social core, individual core, and economic core. A sample of 30 entrepreneurs was surveyed using a structured questionnaire. The results showed that over 60% of entrepreneurs had high motivation in entrepreneurial core and individual core. Motivation was lower in social core and work core. Motivation varied across age groups, with older entrepreneurs generally showing higher motivation in economic core. First generation entrepreneurs showed higher motivation in entrepreneurial and individual cores compared to other dimensions. Motivation also differed between genders, with female entrepreneurs showing higher motivation in
Economic Institution Issues in PakistanAYESHA JAVED
The document discusses key concepts related to economics including the definition of an economy as the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It also defines different economic systems like capitalism, which is based on private ownership and free market competition, and socialism, where resources and means of production are owned by society and controlled by the government. The document then discusses Pakistan's economic institutions like agriculture, industry, and issues it faces including fiscal and monetary policy challenges, power crisis, law and order issues, low exports and high imports, and lack of tourism. It emphasizes that GDP is an important indicator of an economy and that Pakistan has potential for growth if the government and people work to improve areas like governance, education, technology, and natural resources
Human resource management has evolved over time from a technical function focused on administrative tasks to a more strategic role aligned with organizational goals and performance. In the past, personnel administration focused mainly on hiring, evaluating, training, and compensating employees but did not consider how these practices impacted the organization as a whole. However, increasing competitive pressures in the late 20th century led organizations to place more emphasis on strategic planning and aligning human resource practices to promote effectiveness. Today, human resource management involves recruitment, training, performance management, compensation, and ensuring employee health, safety and welfare to fulfill organizational objectives.
Human resource facilitates economic development. It refers to a country's population in terms of size, skills, education levels, and productivity. Countries should engage in manpower planning to develop their human resources. Proper utilization of human resources leads to increased production, development of skills, and improved quality of life. Models like the Coale-Hoover model indicate that economic growth depends on growth in labor force and amount of capital available per laborer. Countries with higher per capita GDP and literacy rates tend to be more productive. India and China are expected to have the largest working-age populations and together produce 40% of the world's graduates by 2020, positioning them to be the top two economies based on GDP by 2050.
Human capital refers to the skills, knowledge, and health that enable people to be productive. Developing human capital through education and training is important for economic growth. While Pakistan has made some investments in education and seen gains in literacy and human development, it spends less than comparable countries on health and education. Improving human capital will require greater investment, better education quality, and addressing issues like population growth and unequal access to opportunities.
Self- Help Groups, a model for Economic Growth in Nagalandpaperpublications3
Abstract: The Economic status of a nation or a state is largely associated by the presence of industries, companies and manufacturing units. The state of Nagaland though surprisingly devoid of the presence of such industries and companies has been making steady progress over the years in its economic status but at a slow phase. The introduction of the Self- help Group scheme in the state in 1999-2000 has been a blessing to the people in many respects. The present paper dwells on the immense contribution made by the SHGs towards the growth of the state’s economy. It brings out to light the role of SHGs in strengthening the economic position of the state, employment opportunities generated and the number of people seriously engaged in the SHGs. The paper attempts to examine the huge potentiality SHGs have in the absence of industries and companies by making a case study of three districts of Nagaland viz. Peren, Kohima and Dimapur districts. It also brings out the SHGs –Bank linkage programmes in the state. For this purpose the paper is divided into three sections. Section I deals with introductory remarks and outlines, the significance of self help groups for employment generation with the infusion of low capital. It also provided an input to analyse the data relating to self help groups from an all India perspective Vis a Vis to self help groups in north eastern states. Section II draws attention of the economic profile of the state and also focus on the sample size for the study emphasising on the impact of self help groups and their contribution to socio- economic development. Section III analyses the findings of the study and provides concluding remarks and suggestions.
Keywords: Bank-linkage, Economic empowerment, income generation, low capital, potentiality. Self help groups, sustainability.
Human Resources and Economic DevelopmentAyesha Arshad
INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN RESOURCES & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
INDICATORS OF HUMAN RESOURCES
IMPORTANCE OF HR DEVELOPMENT
COMPONENTS OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL/ NON-ECONOMIC FACTORS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH
Motivational factors and performance of women entrepreneurs in somaliaAlexander Decker
This document discusses motivational factors and performance of women entrepreneurs in Somalia. It finds that the major motivational factors for Somali women entrepreneurs are self-recognition and economic necessity. The performance of women-owned businesses in Somalia tends to be somewhat low compared to men due to factors like independence and social recognition. There is a moderate correlation found between motivational factors and performance, but the relationship is not strong because women are not highly motivated by financial performance.
Mediating Role of Training on the relationship between MicroFinance Factors a...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A Study on Impact of Startup Ecosystem on Student Innovationsijtsrd
This document discusses startup ecosystems in India and their role in promoting student innovation. It provides background on the growth of startups in India and initiatives by universities like IIMs, IITs, and other institutes to create startup incubation centers and environments. These incubation centers provide resources, funding, and networking opportunities to help students commercialize innovations and launch new companies. The document examines several successful startup incubation programs and stories of companies launched from these university programs. It analyzes the role of these startup ecosystems in fostering entrepreneurship among students and helping translate student innovation into new businesses.
Assessing Regional Innovative Entrepreneurship Ecosystems - Global Entrepren...enterpriseresearchcentre
This document discusses assessing Scotland's innovative entrepreneurship ecosystem using the Global Entrepreneurship and Development Index (GEDI) methodology. It describes applying GEDI at the regional level for the first time, with input from a panel of Scottish experts. The assessment identified eight bottlenecks in the ecosystem and five underlying causes. An outline process is proposed for regional assessments of innovative entrepreneurial ecosystems.
The focus of this research was to establish the effect of entrepreneurship Ecosystem in inculcating
entrepreneurial propensity for community development. Promotion of entrepreneurship in Kenya has existed
ever since independence. The Government has shown tremendous support to entrepreneurship growth. The
Government have channelled financial support through funding such as Women Enterprise fund, Youth
Enterprise Fund and Uwezo Fund
Role of Finance and Organizational Climate on Entrepreneurial Development amo...ijtsrd
Entrepreneurship is a key driver of economic growth and economic development. It is also a medium through which unemployment can be reduced and innovation can be promoted. It is a fact to say that entrepreneurship is a panacea for poverty reduction and eradication which is one of the cardinal eight point agenda of Millennium Development Goals. Entrepreneurship is seen as a key vehicle for employment creation, creation of economic wealth, and an essential means of enhancing the innovation dynamics in the local, regional and national economies Chris 2010 . Entrepreneurship provides a satisfying and rewarding working life, provides a flexible lifestyle and considerable business autonomy. It is becoming an increasingly important career option for unemployed people, secondary school and university graduates. At the national level, entrepreneurial activity contributes to economic growth and economic development Chris 2010 . Many researchers have written extensively on entrepreneurship and its effectiveness to the development of any given economy. Akanni 2008 further opined that the experiences of developed economies in relation to the roles played by entrepreneurship buttresses the fact that the significance of entrepreneurship cannot be overemphasize particularly among developing countries. In order to highlight its importance in relation to the growth and development of a given economy, entrepreneurship has been variously referred to as "source of economic growth". This is because entrepreneurial activities have been found to be capable of making positive impact on the economy of a nation and the quality of life of the people Adejumo, 2000 . Ojo Adeshina Akinwumi | Abifarin Olusola Michael | Dr. Okoklie Emmanuel Azuka "Role of Finance and Organizational Climate on Entrepreneurial Development among Selected Residents" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-4 , June 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30297.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/30297/role-of-finance-and-organizational-climate-on-entrepreneurial-development-among-selected-residents/ojo-adeshina-akinwumi
This document summarizes a paper on the role of entrepreneurship in economic development, with a focus on necessity entrepreneurship versus opportunity entrepreneurship. It discusses how necessity entrepreneurship, which arises due to lack of options, likely has little or no positive effect on economic growth, while opportunity entrepreneurship, which exploits new business opportunities, likely has a positive effect. It also summarizes findings from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor project that show developing countries tend to have higher levels of necessity entrepreneurship and lower levels of opportunity entrepreneurship compared to developed countries.
Entrepreneurship A Key to Sustainable Development a Study of North Estern Reg...ijtsrd
Entrepreneurship is considered as a key to sustainable development where entrepreneurs serves as the employers of labour in most part of the country, the study take a brief analysis of the impact of entrepreneurship on sustainable development in north eastern region of Nigeria, a survey research method was adopted to secure the reliable result of the study, 1,667 sampled respondent were successfully participated in the exercise which was determined by taro yamani formula, the analysis was made with the help of statistical package of social science SPSS through which the simple regression analysis was the technique used. Entrepreneurship plays a vital role to make sustainable development possible in north eastern region of the country at 5 level of significant P 0.05 R2=0.782, about 78.2 effect of independent variable Entrepreneurship was explained in the dependent variable sustainable development which opined that there are much entrepreneurship activities in the region for sustainability of the residents as it promotes the strength of the small and medium scale enterprises and many individuals became self reliable and the core employers of labour, the study revealed that entrepreneurship plays an energetic role in the region Adamawa, Borno, Bauchi, Gombe Taraba and Yobe, through which many people were economically developed as a result of entrepreneurship activities. the study recommends that the residents of the region and the nation in general should embark into entrepreneurship to enable a sound sustainable development, Government should intensify the activities of microfinance institutions to enable the residents access their start up capital through, as some of them lag behind entrepreneurial opportunities as a result of capital shortages. Mukhtar Musa Yahaya | Naima Bashir Ado | Usman Muhammad Al-Mansur "Entrepreneurship: A Key to Sustainable Development a Study of North-Estern Region of Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-4, August 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd59693.pdf Paper Url:https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/other/59693/entrepreneurship-a-key-to-sustainable-development-a-study-of-northestern-region-of-nigeria/mukhtar-musa-yahaya
This document discusses community-based entrepreneurial activities. It defines community-based enterprises as entrepreneurial initiatives that enhance the quality of life and economic development of a particular region. The key characteristic is that assets belong to or are dedicated to the community, ensuring the enterprise is accountable to the community. Several studies are reviewed that examine how community-based entrepreneurship can empower marginalized groups and promote social upliftment by utilizing local cultural values and resources. However, challenges include a lack of community orientation in modern society and limited capacity. The document concludes that community entrepreneurship models may be appropriate for investing in essential infrastructure and services that require collaborative community efforts.
This document discusses community-based entrepreneurial activities. It defines community-based enterprises as entrepreneurial initiatives that enhance the quality of life and economic development of a particular region. The key characteristic is that assets belong to or are dedicated to the community, ensuring the enterprise is accountable to the community. Several studies are reviewed that examine how community-based entrepreneurship can empower marginalized groups and promote social upliftment by utilizing local cultural values and resources. However, challenges include a lack of community orientation in modern society and limited capacity. The document concludes that community entrepreneurship models may be appropriate for investing in essential infrastructure and services that require collaborative community efforts.
Presentation in International Academic Conferencemahendar101
This document discusses a presentation on the role of entrepreneurship in Taiwan's future economic development. It covers an introduction on Taiwan's economic success since 1992, a literature review on topics like entrepreneurship and economic development, and a proposed research methodology. The presentation aims to explore how factors like non-technical innovation, human resource productivity, and government policies regarding small and medium enterprises can contribute to entrepreneurship and Taiwan's future economic growth. It outlines research questions and objectives and proposes using a conceptual framework and transaction cost theory to analyze the relationship between entrepreneurship factors and economic development.
ABSTRACT
This paper examined the impact of human and financial capital on the performance of women entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The study used quantitative method. The analyse data results indicated that on the negative value, human capital has an impact on the business performance while financial capital on the positive value makes a major impact on business performance. The overall contribution is that women entrepreneurs have a vital role in a country’s economic growth and development.
Keywords: Women Entrepreneurs, Human Capital, Financial Capital, SMEs
An Examination of Effectuation Dimension as Financing Practice of Small and M...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Assessing the Impact of Human Capital, Energy Consumption and Environment on ...ijtsrd
This paper investigates the impact of human capital development life expectancy and labor productivity , energy usage, and environmental factors carbon dioxide emissions on the per capita economic sustainable development in Malaysia. We employed the adjusted net savings per capita World Bank to represent the economically sustainable development path in Malaysia. With the assumptions of possible structural breaks along the years of between 1971, and 2013, the Zivot Andrews unit root test was performed on all of the variables concerned. Following the bounds test method, we proposed the auto regressive distributed lag ARDL model for the per capita sustainable development path in Malaysia based on the impact of human capital development and environmental factors. We found that life expectancy, carbon emissions and energy usage have mixed significant effects on adjusted net savings per capita in both the short run and long run in Malaysia. Faridah Pardi | Mohammad Yuzaimi Yasin | Sutina Junos "Assessing the Impact of Human Capital, Energy Consumption and Environment on Sustainable Development Model of Malaysia" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33586.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/development-economics/33586/assessing-the-impact-of-human-capital-energy-consumption-and-environment-on-sustainable-development-model-of-malaysia/faridah-pardi
This document summarizes a research paper that investigated the motivations, success factors, problems, and business-related stress of Chinese entrepreneurs running small- and medium-sized enterprises. It conducted surveys of 196 entrepreneurs in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou. The study found that the most common motivations for business ownership were increasing income, being their own boss, and proving they could succeed. Reputation for honesty, good customer service, and good management skills were seen as important for success. Unreliable employees, intense competition, and lack of management training were the biggest problems. The study used statistical analysis to examine differences between male and female entrepreneurs and the impact of various factors on perceived success.
THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIANAJHSSR Journal
: Entrepreneurial industries was selected one from each Geo political zone in Nigeria with
population of 387 on the whole descriptive survey design was used and correlation coefficient was used in
determining the relationship between these variable and economic development in Nigeria. Entrepreneurship, all
over the world is acclaimed as a significant factor in economic development. Entrepreneurship does not only
increase per capital income it also increases factor utilization. It is also a veritable change agent of the structure
of business and society. As a change agent it acts as a catalyst for the generation of new ideas, products,
methods of production and the distribution of the products so produced. The jobs created, the new technologies
developed, the improved production method, the increase in output both in terms of quantity and quality are all
the ingredients for economic growth and development. The paper has explored the roles of entrepreneurship at
different sectors of the economy. In carrying out the research this paper is of the view that because of the
capacity of entrepreneurship to generate increased output, its ability to create jobs through formation of new
enterprises, to facilitate transfer of technology or adoption of technology, to invigorate large scale enterprises, to
harness resources, that might otherwise be latent and to stimulate growth in those sectors which supply it with
input; because it is able to encourage and sustain economic dynamism that enables a country to adjust
successfully in a rapidly changing global economy, entrepreneurial development is a sine qua non in the
development of any country especially, a developing country. Conclusion were made and the study
recommended that more job opportunity will be created policies strengthened, environment should be improved
for financing and investment welcomed.
CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS ON COMMUNITY-BASED ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITIESRAVICHANDIRANG
Entrepreneurial activities are the backbone to the industrial and socio-economic development of the country which concentrates to promote employment, productivity and flow of capital from one hand to another. Community-based entrepreneurial activities are the indigenous business model in the country which resulted that each community or caste has a unique entrepreneurial talent which shows their convention and commitment in a particular employment activity. With this aspects, community based entrepreneurial activities are the best model to explore their conventional entrepreneurial competence in to a sustainable livelihood.
This document discusses community-based entrepreneurial activities. It defines community-based enterprises as entrepreneurial initiatives that enhance the quality of life and economic development of a particular region. The key characteristic of community-based enterprises is that assets belong or are dedicated to the community, ensuring the enterprise is accountable to the community and profits are reinvested for community benefit. Several studies discussed find that community-based entrepreneurship can empower marginalized groups and lift communities out of poverty by promoting collective action. However, challenges include a lack of community orientation in modern societies and difficulties providing support to local small and medium-sized enterprises.
Entrepreneurial activities are the backbone to the industrial and socio-economic
development of the country which concentrates to promote employment, productivity and
flow of capital from one hand to another. Community-based entrepreneurial activities are
the indigenous business model in the country which resulted that each community or caste
has a unique entrepreneurial talent which shows their convention and commitment in a
particular employment activity. With this aspects, community based entrepreneurial
activities are the best model to explore their conventional entrepreneurial competence in to
a sustainable livelihood.
This document discusses community-based entrepreneurial activities. It defines community-based enterprises as entrepreneurial initiatives that enhance the quality of life and economic development of a particular region. The key characteristic of community-based enterprises is that assets belong or are dedicated to the community, ensuring the enterprise is accountable to the community and profits are reinvested for community benefit. Several studies discussed find that community-based entrepreneurship can empower marginalized groups and lift communities out of poverty by promoting collective action. However, challenges include a lack of community orientation in modern societies and difficulties providing support to local small and medium-sized enterprises.
Similar to An Empirical Analysis of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem in Selected Asian Countries (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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An Empirical Analysis of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem in Selected Asian Countries
1. @ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com
ISSN No: 2456
International
Research
An Empirical Analysis
in Selected Asian Countries
Research Scholar, Department
University
ABSTRACT
The positive relationship between entrepreneurship
and economic development through employment
generation and poverty reduction has been well
established in academic research. This is the rationale
why governments across different countries try to
comprehend the dynamics of entrepreneurship. There
is growing interest in decoding the context in which
entrepreneurship thrives. Research on
“Entrepreneurial Ecosystem” has gained momentum
since it provides the necessary framework in which
entrepreneurship develops. The objective of this study
is to analyze the various components of
entrepreneurial ecosystem and Total early stage
entrepreneurial activity (TEA) in selected Asian
countries. The research is based on secondary data
related to entrepreneurial ecosystem and total early
stage entrepreneurial activity, provided by Global
entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). The findings of the
research indicate that there is need to improve the
entrepreneurial ecosystem in Asian countries. Asian
countries exhibit insufficient provisions of access to
finance for entrepreneurs. Government policies and
programs, taxes and bureaucratic regime are also
insufficient for nurturing entrepreneurial environment.
Entrepreneurship education and training both at basic
school level and post school level are not sufficient
for creating a conducive environment for
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 2 | Jan-Feb 2018
ISSN No: 2456 - 6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume
International Journal of Trend in Scientific
Research and Development (IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
An Empirical Analysis of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
n Selected Asian Countries
Neha Tiwari
Research Scholar, Department of Business Administration
University of Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
The positive relationship between entrepreneurship
and economic development through employment
generation and poverty reduction has been well
established in academic research. This is the rationale
why governments across different countries try to
nd the dynamics of entrepreneurship. There
is growing interest in decoding the context in which
entrepreneurship thrives. Research on
“Entrepreneurial Ecosystem” has gained momentum
since it provides the necessary framework in which
ps. The objective of this study
is to analyze the various components of
entrepreneurial ecosystem and Total early stage
entrepreneurial activity (TEA) in selected Asian
countries. The research is based on secondary data
and total early
stage entrepreneurial activity, provided by Global
entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM). The findings of the
research indicate that there is need to improve the
entrepreneurial ecosystem in Asian countries. Asian
rovisions of access to
finance for entrepreneurs. Government policies and
programs, taxes and bureaucratic regime are also
insufficient for nurturing entrepreneurial environment.
Entrepreneurship education and training both at basic
chool level are not sufficient
for creating a conducive environment for
entrepreneurs. Markets, infrastructural provisions and
social and cultural norms are also not found to be
sufficient for entrepreneurship to thrive in Asian
context. Total early stage
(TEA) is also quite low for Asian countries. The
findings of the study can be of instrumental value for
academicians and policy makers interested in
entrepreneurship development in Asia.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial
ecosystem, Total early stage entrepreneurial activity
(TEA), Global entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)
JEL CLASSIFICATION: L26
I. INTRODUCTION
Entrepreneurship has an instrumental role in
economic development of any country
promoting growth and prosperity (OECD, 2000,
Schramm 2006a, and Baumol et al, 2007).
Entrepreneurs lead to creation of markets and
organizations (Spulber, 2008). This argument propels
governments to focus on entrepreneurship
development as a way of accelerating economic
growth. The research pertaining to entrepreneurship in
Asian countries has been summarized in Table I.
Feb 2018 Page: 633
6470 | www.ijtsrd.com | Volume - 2 | Issue – 2
Scientific
(IJTSRD)
International Open Access Journal
f Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
entrepreneurs. Markets, infrastructural provisions and
social and cultural norms are also not found to be
sufficient for entrepreneurship to thrive in Asian
context. Total early stage entrepreneurial activity
(TEA) is also quite low for Asian countries. The
findings of the study can be of instrumental value for
academicians and policy makers interested in
entrepreneurship development in Asia.
Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial
ecosystem, Total early stage entrepreneurial activity
entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)
JEL CLASSIFICATION: L26
Entrepreneurship has an instrumental role in
economic development of any country through
promoting growth and prosperity (OECD, 2000,
Schramm 2006a, and Baumol et al, 2007).
Entrepreneurs lead to creation of markets and
organizations (Spulber, 2008). This argument propels
governments to focus on entrepreneurship
f accelerating economic
growth. The research pertaining to entrepreneurship in
Asian countries has been summarized in Table I.
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Table I: Research studies on entrepreneurship in Asia
Researcher Area of research
Ang & Hong, 2000; Chung & Busenitz, 2001 Factors affecting entrepreneurship
Patra, 2002; Tan, 1999; Yu, 1998 Profile of ventures
Cook, 2001; Tashiro, 1999 Access to finance
Lee & Chan, 1998; Imai & Kawagoe, 2000; Government policies
Gomez & Hsin-Huang, 2001; Zapalska & Edwards, 2001;
Sorenson, 2000; Cummings, 1996; Lam & Paltiel, 1994;
Redding, 1990
Cultural influence
Source: Review of Literature
Asia has an increasingly important role to play in the
global context. Asia accounts for 40 percent of global
economy and has consistently registered a growth rate
of approximately 6 percent over the last 25 years. But
there are surmounting challenges confronted by Asian
countries. Asia is home to two-third of world’s poor
populationi
. Problems of income inequality are also
on the rise.ii
The answer to such problems may be
found in promoting entrepreneurship and self
employment.
2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.1. Entrepreneurial Ecosystem
Context is widely studied in entrepreneurial domain
(Ucbasaran et al., 2001; Welter, 2011; Zahra et al.,
2014; Autio et al., 2014). The concept of
entrepreneurial ecosystem started emerging in 1980’s
and 1990’s, when the role of social, cultural and
political factors was recognized as instrumental in
entrepreneurship (Dodd & Anderson, 2007).
Research studies established the dominant role of
regional and economic factors on entrepreneurial
activity (Pennings 1982, Dubini 1989, Van de Ven
1993 and Bahrami and Evans 1995). The aspects
defining entrepreneurial ecosystem have been
summarized in Table II
Table II: Literature review on entrepreneurial ecosystem
Researcher Definition
Herrington, M., & Kew, P.
(2017). GEM 2016/17 global
report.
Consist of entrepreneurial framework conditions that provide necessary
support for creation and growth of new firms.
Zeger Van de Wiele (2017) “Entrepreneurial ecosystem refers to intertwined elements within a specific
region ,individual and combined interaction between those elements will
entrepreneurship in that region”.
Stam, E., & Spigel, B. (2016).. “A set of interdependent actors and factors coordinated in such a way that
they enable productive entrepreneurship within a particular territory”.
Mason, C., & Brown, R. (2014). “A set of interconnected entrepreneurial actors, organizations, institutions
and processes which formally and informally interact to connect, mediate
and govern the performance within the local entrepreneurial environment”.
Foster, G., Shimizu, C.,
Ciesinski, S., Davila, A.,
Hassan, S., Jia, N., & Morris, R.
(2013, September).
Eight pillar of entrepreneurial ecosystem are: Accessible markets, Human
Capital Workforce, Funding and Finance, Mentors Advisors Support
Systems, Regulatory Framework and Infrastructure, Education and Training,
Major Universities as Catalysts, Cultural Support
Vogel (2013, p. 446) “An interactive community of different and interdependent factors and actors
within a geographic region, which develop over time and whose actors and
factors coexist and interact to entrepreneurship”.
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Isenberg, D. (2011). Six domains within the entrepreneurial system: a conducive culture, enabling
policies and leadership, availability of appropriate finance, quality human
capital, venture friendly markets for products, and a range of institutional
supports
Source: Review of Literature
Different dimensions of entrepreneurial ecosystem
considered in this study are (Herrington, M., & Kew,
P. (2017). GEM 2016/17 global report):
1. Entrepreneurial Finance: Availability of both
equity and debt finance to entrepreneurs.
2. Government Policy: Support offered through
public policies to entrepreneurs. The two sub
components are:
a) Taxes and regulatory support available to
entrepreneurs.
b) Consideration of entrepreneurship as a
relevant economic issue.
3. Government Entrepreneurship Programs
assisting small and medium enterprises.
4. Entrepreneurship Education has two sub
components
a) Entrepreneurship Education at basic
school level.
b) Entrepreneurship Education at post-
secondary levels
5. R&D Transfer. This is related to how easily
outcomes of research and development are
transferred to small and medium enterprises.
6. Commercial and Legal Infrastructure.
7. Entry Regulation: Sub components are:
a) Market Dynamics: longitudinal changes in
markets
b) Market Openness: free entry of new firms to
enter existing markets.
8. Physical Infrastructure: pertains to availability
of basic infrastructure for startups.
9. Cultural and Social Norms: This is related to the
extent to which the prevalent social and cultural
norms favor or hinder entrepreneurship.
2.2 Entrepreneurial ecosystem in selected Asian
countries
Numerous research studies have cited insufficiency of
entrepreneurial framework conditions in Asian
countries. In china lack of formal financing (Cong,
2009), weaker property rights, high government
interference (Young et al., 2008) and cumbersome
approvals by governments (Reynolds, 1982) often
constrain entrepreneurship. In Georgia institutional,
systemic and social constraints hinder
entrepreneurship development (Rudaz, P, 2012).
Simplifying tax regime, improving access to finance
for Small & Medium Enterprises , promoting Foreign
Direct Investments and Research & Development
transfer , increasing focus on skill development and
improvement in ease of doing business is desired for
entrepreneurship development in Georgia (Kuriakose,
S. (Ed.), 2013.). Access to formal finance is a
challenge for entrepreneurs in Hong Kong but ease of
doing business is fairly high with promising
infrastructure and tax regime conducive for
entrepreneur (Chua, B. L., 2003).
In India, Social, technological, financial and policy
challenges discourage entrepreneurs( Santhi, N., &
Kumar, S. R. ,2011) Lack of promising infrastructure
is a hurdle for entrepreneurs to grow and governments
are keenly promoting entrepreneurship through
“Make in India”, “Start up India”, “ASPIRE”
Schemes (Sunita, S., & Srija, A., 2016). The policy
imperatives for entrepreneurship development in
Indian context include boosting infrastructure,
devising a comprehensive framework for promotion
of entrepreneurship, facilitating access to credits,
markets and resources (Shah, H., 2013).
In Indonesia, cultural norms do not favor
entrepreneurship but government is keen on
promoting entrepreneurshipiii
. According to “Report
on entrepreneurship initiatives in APO economies”
unsupportive tax regime and government policy
hinder entrepreneurial activity in Indonesia and policy
addressing these constraints is desired. In Lebanon,
culture is supportive of entrepreneurs and government
identifies Small & Medium Enterprises as drivers of
growth (Ahmed et al., 2012). In Malaysia policy
towards entrepreneurs need to be more proactive.
Coordination between government, private sector and
entrepreneurs is desirable (Ariff, M., & Abubakar, S.
Y. , 2002). State led initiatives in Malaysia are active
in promoting entrepreneurship (Abdullah, S., &
Muhammad, A., 2008).
Access to finance, risk aversion, fear of failure,
market and knowledge barriers, stress avoidance, and
reluctant attitude towards change are dominant
challenges encountered by entrepreneurs of Qatar
(Boumediene Kebaili, et al, 2015). According to
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“Qatar National Development Strategy 2011-16” the
government is aggressively focusing to create a
conducive environment for entrepreneurs.
In Saudi Arabia there is need to focus on
entrepreneurial education to sustain a culture
supportive for entrepreneurship (Yusuf, N., &
Albanawi, N. I., 2016). Government of Saudi Arabia
is keen on promoting entrepreneurship. The country is
making its environment favorable for entrepreneurs to
grow (Kayed and Hassan, 2013). Entrepreneurship is
now fuelling economic growth in Saudi Arabia (Faria,
et al, 2010). In Taiwan there is a need of better
entrepreneurship education, systematic campaigns to
increase awareness about entrepreneurship, need of
entrepreneurship skills and need of infrastructural
development (Tseng, C., 2012). In Thailand lack of
financial support, government policies and
inappropriate educational system hinder
entrepreneurship development (GEM Thailand 2013
report, Paulson, A. L., 2008). In Turkey, government
reforms, business legislations and societal views
about entrepreneurship needs to be changed (Tracy,
M., 2013).
According to the Report on “The Role of Government
in Supporting Entrepreneurship & SME Development
“by Mohammed Bin Rashid Establishment For SME
Development DUBAI SME 2011, U.A.E Federal
government is keen on promoting entrepreneurship
through lowering cost of doing business and creating
a policy environment that is conducive to
entrepreneurship development. U.A.E is in leading
country in global competitiveness as per world
economic forum (Schwab, 2013). Major barriers to
entrepreneurship are: access to finance, lack of
entrepreneurial skills and cumbersome administrative
procedures (El-Sokari et al., 2013, pp.47-48). The
entrepreneurs expect government of U.A.E to chart
measures which help in fighting bureaucracy and
cutting red tape; ensuring business confidentiality and
trade secrets; aligning student curricula in the
education system with the needs of business
(Edelman, 2014).
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research is exploratory and quantitative in
approach. The major objectives of the research are
To analyze the various components of
entrepreneurial ecosystem in selected Asian
countries
To analyze Total early stage entrepreneurial
activity (TEA) in selected Asian countries
The study is based on secondary sources of data. The
data is retrieved from Global entrepreneurship
monitor (GEM) data pertaining to Entrepreneurial
framework conditions .The Global entrepreneurship
monitor (GEM) compiles data about Entrepreneurial
framework conditions through national expert
surveyiv
. The data is collected through a scale where 1
denotes highly insufficient and 9 denotes highly
sufficient. Total early stage entrepreneurial activity
(TEA) data is compiled from Global entrepreneurship
monitor (GEM), Global report 2016-17.
4. DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
The data pertaining to dimensions of entrepreneurial
ecosystem has been retrieved from Global
entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) database on
entrepreneurial framework conditions. The data is
collected through a national expert survey on a scale
of 1 to 9. 1 denotes highly insufficient and 9 denotes
highly sufficient. The data related to Total Early Stage
entrepreneurial activity is retrieved from Global
entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Global Report
2016-17. The data has been compiled in Table III.
4.1 Country wise performance on components of
entrepreneurial ecosystem
The analysis brought forth following key findings:
Entrepreneurial Finance: Access to finance is most
sufficiently available in India among the Selected
Asian countries with mean value of 3.43. Access to
finance is most insufficiently available to
entrepreneurs in Iran with mean of 1.75.
Government support and policies: Government
support and policies are most satisfactory in South
Korea with mean of 3.56 and least satisfactory in Iran
with mean value of 2.
Taxes and bureaucracy: The taxes and bureaucratic
environment is most sufficient for entrepreneurs in
Hong Kong with mean of 4.18 and least sufficient in
Iran with value of 1.62.
Government programs for entrepreneurs: United
Arab Emirates has most sufficient provisions of
Government programs for entrepreneurs with mean
value of 3.34 and Iran has most insufficient provisions
with mean of 1.36.
Basic school entrepreneurial education and
training: Qatar has most sufficient provisions of
entrepreneurial education and training at basic level of
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schooling with mean value of 2.7 and Saudi Arabia
has most insufficient provisions with mean of 1.44.
Post school entrepreneurial education and
training: Qatar has most sufficient provisions of
education and training at post school level with mean
of 3.46 and Iran has least sufficient provisions in this
dimension with mean of 1.83.
Research and development (R & D) transfer: India
has most sufficient provisions of R& D transfer
having mean vale of 2.49 each. Iran has least
satisfactory provisions in this aspect with mean of
1.81.
Commercial and professional infrastructure:
United Arab Emirates has most sufficient availability
of commercial and professional infrastructure with
mean of 3.29 while Iran least sufficient provisions in
this dimension with mean of 1.85.
Internal market dynamics: China and South Korea
have most sufficient internal market dynamics for
entrepreneurs with mean of 4.24 each while Israel has
least sufficient internal market dynamics with mean of
2.42.
Internal market openness: Georgia has most
sufficient internal market openness for entrepreneurs
with mean of 3.01 and Iran has least sufficient
provisions of internal market openness with mean of
1.63.
Physical and services infrastructure: Hong Kong
has most sufficient provisions of physical and services
infrastructure for entrepreneurs with mean of 4.8 and
Lebanon has most insufficient physical and services
infrastructure with mean of 2.24.
Cultural and social norms: Israel has most
supportive social and cultural norms favoring
entrepreneurship with mean of 4.29 and Iran has most
unsupportive social and cultural norms for
entrepreneurs with mean of 2.1.
Total early stage entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) in
the year 2016 was found to be highest in Lebanon
with value of 21.2 and Malaysia had least TEA with
value of 4.7.
Table III
Data on Entrepreneurial Framework and T.E.A (Total early stage entrepreneurial activity)
Econom
y
Year Financing
for
entreprene
urs
Governmen
tal support
and policies
Taxes and
bureaucra
cy
Governmen
tal
programs
Basic school
entrepreneur
ial education
and training
Post school
entrepreneur
ial education
and training
China 2016 3.32 3.14 2.89 2.66 2.04 3.17
Georgia 2016 2.43 3.32 3.87 3.22 2.19 2.95
Hong
Kong
2016 2.92 3.24 4.18 3.15 1.82 2.81
India 2016 3.43 3.34 2.61 2.82 2.4 3.01
Indonesia 2016 2.77 2.77 2.27 2.46 2.48 3.45
Iran 2016 1.75 2 1.62 1.36 1.46 1.83
Israel 2016 2.73 2.1 1.97 2.37 1.92 2.91
Jordan 2016 2.44 2.13 2.1 2.22 1.47 1.85
Kazakhst
an
2016 2.9 3.11 2.66 2.81 1.94 2.59
Lebanon 2016 3.05 2.08 2.34 2.35 2.61 3.11
Malaysia 2016 3.2 2.98 2.57 2.99 2.44 3.11
Qatar 2016 2.67 3.25 2.84 3.23 2.7 3.46
Saudi
Arabia
2016 2.39 2.41 2.48 2.12 1.44 2.26
South
Korea
2016 2.45 3.56 2.79 3.21 1.99 2.42
Taiwan 2016 2.84 2.63 2.7 3.01 2.4 2.64
Thailand 2016 2.83 2.47 2.34 2.19 1.9 2.9
Turkey 2016 2.8 2.68 1.82 2.26 1.68 2.9
U.A.E. 2016 2.66 3.51 3.3 3.34 2.68 2.84
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Econom
y
R&D
transf
er
Commercia
l and
professiona
l
infrastruct
ure
Internal
market
dynamics
Internal
market
openness
Physical
and services
infrastructu
re
Cultural and
social norms
TEA
China 2.49 2.58 4.24 2.66 4.33 3.47 10.3
Georgia 2.07 2.83 3.21 3.01 4.19 3.37 8.6
Hong
Kong
2.45 3.14 2.99 2.78 4.8 2.87 9.4
India 2.87 3.11 3.76 2.98 3.89 3.11 10.6
Indonesia 2.49 2.4 3.99 2.35 3.14 3.24 14.1
Iran 1.81 1.85 3 1.63 3.79 2.1 12.8
Israel 2.63 3.13 2.42 2.12 3.69 4.29 11.3
Jordan 2.28 2.86 3.11 2.27 3.8 2.52 8.2
Kazakhst
an
1.95 3.15 2.8 2.46 3.57 3.05 10.2
Lebanon 2.41 3.2 2.65 2.28 2.24 3.67 21.2
Malaysia 2.77 3.11 3.89 2.78 3.89 3.19 4.7
Qatar 2.62 3.08 2.65 2.36 3.87 3.23 7.8
Saudi
Arabia
1.85 2.37 2.9 2.38 3.99 2.72 11.4
South
Korea
2.54 2.6 4.24 2.3 3.97 2.97 6.7
Taiwan 2.79 2.78 3.68 2.95 3.81 3.11 8.2
Thailand 2.38 2.97 3.63 2.54 3.94 3.09 17.2
Turkey 2.63 3.22 3.7 2.43 3.49 2.89 16.1
U.A.E 2.55 3.29 3.44 3 4.25 3.69 5.7
Source: GEM GLOBAL Report 2016-17
Table IV
Descriptive Statistics
Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation
Financing for entrepreneurs 1.75 3.43 2.7544 .38966
Government support and policies 2.00 3.56 2.8178 .52472
Taxes and bureaucracy 1.62 4.18 2.6306 .65301
Governmental programs 1.36 3.34 2.6539 .52573
Basic school entrepreneurial education and
training
1.44 2.70 2.0867 .42092
Post school entrepreneurial education and training 1.83 3.46 2.7894 .46239
R&D transfer 1.81 2.87 2.4211 .31565
Commercial and professional infrastructure 1.85 3.29 2.8706 .38149
Internal market dynamics 2.42 4.24 3.3500 .56624
Internal market openness 1.63 3.01 2.5156 .36204
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Physical and services infrastructure 2.24 4.80 3.8139 .52961
Cultural and social norms 2.10 4.29 3.1433 .47941
TEA 4.70 21.20 10.8056 4.21977
Source: Primary data analysis
4.2 Cumulative Analysis of entrepreneurial
ecosystem of Asian Region
The data was analyzed through descriptive
statistics for assessing the entrepreneurial
ecosystem of Asian Region. The details of
descriptive analysis have been summarized in
Table IV. As per the descriptive statistics
following findings can be deciphered:
Asia ranks poorly in terms of financing provisions
for entrepreneurs with mean of 2.7544.
It is evident that government policies and
programs are insufficient (Mean=2.8178) in Asia
for entrepreneurship.
Asia offers insufficient provisions on dimensions
of taxes and bureaucratic environment (Mean=
2.6306).
Asia has insufficient provisions of government
programs for entrepreneurs (Mean=2.6539).
Entrepreneurial education and training is
insufficient (Mean=2.0867) at basic school level
in Asian countries.
Entrepreneurial education and training at post
school level is also insufficient in Asia
(Mean=2.7894).
There are insufficient mechanisms of R&D
transfer for entrepreneurs in Asia (Mean=2.4211).
Asia offers insufficient commercial and
professional infrastructure for entrepreneurs
(Mean=2.8706).
Asia has insufficient provisions of Internal market
dynamics for entrepreneurs (Mean=3.3500).
Asia has insufficient provisions of Internal market
openness for entrepreneurs (Mean=2.5156).
Asia offers insufficient Physical and services
infrastructure for entrepreneurs (Mean=3.8139).
Asia offers insufficient provisions of social and
cultural norms for entrepreneurs (Mean=3.1433).
The mean TEA for Asia is 10.8056 percent.
5. CONCLUSIONS & RESEARCH
IMPLICATIONS
It is evident from the results of analysis that the
selected Asian countries in the study have insufficient
framework conditions for nurturing entrepreneurship.
The selected Asian countries have very limited total
entrepreneurial stage activity. The limited
entrepreneurial Activity can be attributed to
insufficient entrepreneurial framework conditions.
Lack of access to entrepreneurial finance, lack of
market openness and inhibitory market dynamics and
tax regime can hinder full participation of
entrepreneurs in economic development.
Cumbersome tax regime and insufficient government
provisions for entrepreneurs can also thwart the
development of entrepreneurship. Lack of
infrastructure is another obstacle encountered by
entrepreneurs in Asian countries. Cultural and social
norms discouraging entrepreneurial mindset is another
hindrance for potential and existing entrepreneurs of
Asia. The findings of the research are instrumental for
policy makers across Asian countries. The policy
makers must devise strategies to create a conducive
environment for entrepreneurship to develop.
Many Asian countries have now realized that
entrepreneurship is vital to their economc
development and are taking concrete measures to
strengthen entrepreneurial ecosystem.. Government
policies focus on privatization to nurture productivity
and entrepreneurship (Doshi, 1994). United Nations
Development Program (UNDP) and OECD have
supported government efforts to promote
entrepreneurial activity in Asia (UNDP, 2002). Most
of the Asian countries are adopting market oriented
policies that promote entrepreneurial activity in Asia
(Dana, 1999). Entrepreneurs have undoubtedly played
a key role in economic development of China (ADB,
2002). There have been positive effects of various
government programs on promoting entrepreneurial
activity (Anderson, 2002; Graham & Manning, 2000;
Mariotti, 1999; Owuala, 1999; Fadahunsi, 1991). The
success of microfinance in the context of Bangladesh
has been established (Qadir, 1999). Hong Kong is
established to be more entrepreneurial (Yu, 2000)
Entrepreneurship is poised to grow since countries are
taking concrete measures to create a conducive
environment for women entrepreneurship. South
Korea has invested $ 30 Billion in establishing media
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valley to promote technology startups. Singapore is
investing aggressively on infrastructure to promote
startups. Hong Kong is aggressively focusing on
deregulation and creating new markets. Malaysia is
also keen on promoting investments in multimedia
projects to promote new ventures. Indonesia is
investing tremendously on education, agribusiness
and labor intensive manufacturing. Thailand is
focusing on improving education and lowering
barriers to investments to fuel entrepreneurial growth
(Richardson, J. 2004). Similar efforts are desirable in
all Asian countries to realize the full potential of
existing and prospective entrepreneurs.
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