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Amreesh gpf-latency-clustering
- 1. Insights into Africa’s country-levellatencies 1 GPF 13.0, Seattle Amreesh Phokeer AFRINIC
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- 3. Which countries arebetter inter-connected, which ones are not? • Key clusters of connectivity in the region • How are inter-country latencies impacted by topology and interconnection strategies? 3 Source: AXIS Project
- 4. Circuitous routes andhigh end-to-end latencies across the continent 4
- 5. Vantage Points 5 850 softwareprobes 319 Ases 52 countries 50% of the countries had at least 20% of their ASes probed.
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- 7. • Ping fromeach probe: • select random African Speedtest server as target • launch 10 consecutive pings (one second apart) to their randomly chosen Speedtest server • return the minimum delay (RTT) observed at that time period • Traceroute from each probe: • launch a Traceroute to randomly selected Speedtest server • for each router hop • determine the ASN using the RIPE Routing Information Service • attach the geolocation using MaxMind GeoLite2-City 7
- 8. Data Collection 8 4 timesa day Pings and traceroute 3 months 42 200 RTT samples 31 500 traces captured 319 ASNs
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- 10. 10 Under 30ms • Mauritius •Reunion • Cote D’Ivoire Mean in-country Under 40ms • South Africa • Egypt • Benin
- 11. 11 Zambia <-> Malawi Zambia<-> Zimbabwe Mauritius <-> Reunion
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- 15. Unusual Cases inLatency Clusters 15 • Senegal, Liberia and Benin on the West coast, in Northern cluster • Madagascar, Seychelles, islands of the Indian Ocean, clustered alongside countries in the North • Somalia, on the East coast, is clustered with countries on the West coast.
- 16. Unusual Cases inLatency Clusters 16 • Senegal, Liberia and Benin on the West coast, in Northern cluster • Madagascar, Seychelles, islands of the Indian Ocean, clustered alongside countries in the North • Somalia, on the East coast, is clustered with countries on the West coast.
- 17. 17 • Senegal, Liberiaand Benin on the West coast, in Northern cluster • Madagascar, Seychelles, islands of the Indian Ocean, clustered alongside countries in the North • Somalia, on the East coast, is clustered with countries on the West coast.
- 18. Ethiopia Upstream 100% Overseas AngolaUpstream 50% Overseas* *16% Southern -> Europe 18 EU 354ms 144ms N.America
- 19. inter-cluster median RTTs Southernand Eastern • Lowest inter-cluster delay ~ 92ms • Lowest intra-cluster RTTs individually 19 Inter-cluster delays are mostly exceeding 200ms Western cluster has the highest intra-cluster RTTs
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- 21. Africa’s upstream providers 21 37.8%of traceroute paths transit (1st AS hop) outside of Africa 6.6% through SA and 4.5% through Mauritius (WIOCC)
- 22. Africa’s Top 10Upstream Providers 22
- 23. Africa’s Top 10upstream providers 23 France Telecom (Orange) accounts for 17% for French speaking countries in West Africa
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- 25. Same cluster 203ms OtherAfrican Cluster 243ms Overseas 268ms Northern ⤇ North America: 71ms Southern ⤇ North America: 227ms 25CDF of RTTs grouped by location of upstream providers RTT to the first AS hop
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- 27. WHERE IS OURLOCAL CONTENT? 27
- 28. Where is Africanlocal content? 28 1400+ News websites 36 countries
- 29. Africa’s upstream providers 29 37.8%of traceroute paths transit (1st AS hop) outside of Africa 6.6% through SA and 4.5% through Mauritius (WIOCC)
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