Allocation of Research Resources.pptx

Allocation of Research
Resources:
Its importance in Development
MIRADOR G. LABRADOR
Lecturer/Instructor
We Innovate. We Build. We Serve.

1.The fundamental Role of Science and
Technology in International Development
2.Research and Development: Philippines Trends
and Global Comparison
3.Strengthening the S&T Capacity of Developing
Countries
4.Research, Development and Technology in the
Philippines
Topic Outline:

The
fundamental
Role of S&T in
International
Development
 S&T/ Innovation is vital because it is a stimulus to
innovations, a vehicle for technology transfers, and a
magnet for financing
 S&T system is a crucial part of economic infrastructure.
 It enhances the ability of any country to strengthen and
advance its technologies based on a sustained was
 It helps build human resource
 It conditions priorities in allocating financial resources. It
foster movement of technical knowledge across borders

The
fundamental
Role of S&T in
International
Development
 Research and Innovation are critical elements of the international
effort to address difficult development issues within much broader
challenges of effectively applying S&T to address problems in
many types of physical, political and economic environments
 Developing countries have urgent needs to use international S&T
achievements effectively while the UN has innumerable
opportunities from humanitarian, political, economic, and national
security interest through sharing its expertise in S&T

S&T as a Broad Platform for Development
The
fundamental
Role of S&T in
International
Development
 S&T activities are components, or enabling elements, within
programs directed to achieve educational, economic, social, and
political objectives.
 S&T should involve inter-connected national and international
systems of activities that encourage the acquisition and
generation of important knowledge and the application of this
knowledge to improve the quality of life and the security of
populations

The Specific Role of S&T in Countries Development
 Provide technical services that support economic and
social development – such as provision of health care,
education, agriculture extension, transportation,
communications, maintenance and upgrading of water
supplies and sanitation facilities, management of natural
resources, and energy and environmental services
 Assess the technical & economic merits of technologies
being considered for use in the country of interest and
within that context carry out research, development,
technology transfer, technology adaption, and
technology application activities
 Produce industrial goods and agricultural products
based on technologies and modern management
methods that are well suited to the local environment

The Specific Role of S&T in Countries Development
 Prepare and evaluate implementation of economic, trade,
industrial, agricultural, health, education, environmental, and other
policies that have technical dimensions or that influence the
acquisition and use of technical resources
 Participate in international trade negotiations, environmental treaty
discussion, and other types of policy dialogues involving technical
issues of political, economic and social importance
 Conduct programs that heighten public awareness of the potential
limitations of modern technologies to improve the well-being of the
public
 Develop an appropriate physical infrastructure, human resource
base, and educational and training institutions to support the
foregoing activities.

Payoffs from Investment in S&T
The
fundamental
Role of S&T in
International
Development
 Countries that invested in large S&T (e.g. Thailand, Korea,
Brazil) have demonstrated the payoffs, particularly in increased
labor productivity
 The adaptation of S&T approaches in local circumstances has
been an important factor in the economic growth
 Investment in S&T if appropriately targeted and sustained, can
provide substantial benefit to local populations
 Well-trained mangers and S&T specialist if deployed within
appropriate political, economic, and organizational framework,
the skills of the managers and specialist can contribute
significantly to local efforts to overcome poverty, to promote
sustainable development, and to realize benefit from private
investment and expanded global commerce

Payoffs from Investment in S&T
The
fundamental
Role of S&T in
International
Development
 S&T when effectively integrated into the mainstream of
development can make significant contributions to social and
economic progress
 Indeed, a nation’s level of technological achievement generally
defined in terms of its investments in integrating and applying
the new, globally available technologies
 Nations that remain behind in adopting technologies are likely to
be those that have failed to pursue policies that support
application of new technologies – such as good governance,
universal education, and market reforms – and not solely because
they are poor

R&D:
Trends and
Global
Comparison
The United States and China lead R&D performance globally, jointly accounting for half of global
R&D. The US performed $668.4 billion (28%) of global R&D followed by China with $525.7
billion (22%) of global R&D in 2019

R&D:
Trends and
Global
Comparison
 Two key indicator of national R&D performance are gross
domestic expenditures on R&D (GERD( - a measure of
country’s toral investment – and national R&D intensity (GERD-
to-GDP ratio) – a measure of country’s investment in R&D
relative to is overall economic activity
Cross-National Comparison of R&D Performance
US and China are the top R&D performing countries, followed by Japan (7%), Germany (6%), and South
Korea (4%). Each with R&D expenditures above $100 billion. The said countries accounted 2/3 of global R&D

R&D:
Trends and
Global
Comparison
Cross-National Comparison of R&D Performance
Philippine has GERD
of $1,150.00 which is
at 0.16% of its GDP
and the least among
all the ASEAN
countries

R&D:
Trends and
Global
Comparison
Trend in Total National R&D
The global concentration of R&D performance continues to shift from North America and Europe to the
East-Southeast and South Asia Regions. R&D performed in North America accounted for 40% of the
global total R&D in 2000. Europe accounted for 27% of global R&D in 2000 but declined to 22% in 2019.
In contrast , the east-southeast and south asia regions accounted for 25% of the global total R&D in 2000,
and their global shares rose to 39% in 2019

R&D:
Trends and
Global
Comparison
China accounted for 29% ($492.8 billion) of the
global increase in R&D since 200. The US
accounted for 24% (399.8 billion), and the EU-27
member countries accounted for 17% ($281.5
billion). The increase of several other major
Asian R&D performers were also noticeable;
South Korea and Japan jointly accounted for 9%
of the increase ($158.3 billion)

R&D:
Trends and
Global
Comparison
The US remains the leader
among the world’s R&D –
performing nations; its rate
of increase in R&D
expenditures has averaged
4.3% over the 2000 – 10
period and 5.6% in 201-19.
R&D expenditure in China
continue to increase at the
world’s fastest pace. The
rate of China’s R&D
performance has been
remarkably high for many
years

R&D:
Trends and
Global
Comparison
Philippine R&D Trend and Performance
The importance of R&D has been acknowledge by the country in 2015, where all sectors
increased their R&D investment. Private industry take the lead in R&D investment

R&D:
Trends and
Global
Comparison

R&D:
Trends and Global
Comparison

Thank you!
We Innovate. We Build. We Serve.

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