The document contains C code examples for various algorithms and programs including: 1. A program to check if a year is a leap year by checking if the year is divisible by 400, 100, or 4. 2. Code to add the digits of a number by extracting the remainder of successive divisions by 10. 3. Code to convert a decimal number to binary using bitwise operators. 4. Code to store the binary conversion in a string using pointers and dynamic memory allocation. 5. Programs to check for palindrome numbers, print patterns like pyramids and triangles, calculate Fibonacci series with and without recursion, perform linear and binary search of arrays, insert elements into arrays, and sort arrays using

1. C programming codes
Prof Makhan kumbhkar
Christian Eminent
College Indore(mp)

2. Leap year
 #include <stdio.h>

 main()
 {
 int year;

 printf("Enter a year to check if it is a leap yearn");
 scanf("%d", &year);

 if ( year%400 == 0)
 printf("%d is a leap year.n", year);
 else if ( year%100 == 0)
 printf("%d is not a leap year.n", year);
 else if ( year%4 == 0 )
 printf("%d is a leap year.n", year);
 else
 printf("%d is not a leap year.n", year);

 return 0;
 }

3. add digits of number in c
 #include <stdio.h>

 main()
 {
 int n, sum = 0, remainder;

 printf("Enter an integern");
 scanf("%d",&n);

 while(n != 0)
 {
 remainder = n % 10;
 sum = sum + remainder;
 n = n / 10;
 }

 printf("Sum of digits of entered number = %dn",sum);

 return 0;
 }

4. Decimal to binary conversion
 #include <stdio.h>

 main()
 {
 int n, c, k;

 printf("Enter an integer in decimal number systemn");
 scanf("%d",&n);

 printf("%d in binary number system is:n", n);

 for ( c = 31 ; c >= 0 ; c-- )
 {
 k = n >> c;

 if ( k & 1 )
 printf("1");
 else
 printf("0");
 }

 printf("n");

 return 0;
 }

5. C code to store decimal to binary conversion in a
string
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>

 char *decimal_to_binary(int);

 main()
 {
 int n, c, k;
 char *pointer;

 printf("Enter an integer in decimal number systemn");
 scanf("%d",&n);

 pointer = decimal_to_binary(n);
 printf("Binary string of %d is: %sn", n, t);

 free(pointer);

 return 0;
 }

 char *decimal_to_binary(int n)
 {

6. C code to store decimal to binary conversion in a
string
 int c, d, count;
 char *pointer;

 count = 0;
 pointer = (char*)malloc(32+1);

 if ( pointer == NULL )
 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);

 for ( c = 31 ; c >= 0 ; c-- )
 {
 d = n >> c;

 if ( d & 1 )
 *(pointer+count) = 1 + '0';
 else
 *(pointer+count) = 0 + '0';

 count++;
 }
 *(pointer+count) = '0';

 return pointer;
 }

7. Palindrome Numbers
 Palindrome number algorithm
 1. Get the number from user.
 2. Reverse it.
 3. Compare it with the number entered by the
user.
 4. If both are same then print palindrome
number
 5. Else print not a palindrome number.

8. Palindrome number program c
 #include<stdio.h>

 main()
 {
 int n, reverse = 0, temp;

 printf("Enter a number to check if it is a palindrome or notn");
 scanf("%d",&n);

 temp = n;

 while( temp != 0 )

9. Palindrome number program c
 {
 reverse = reverse * 10;
 reverse = reverse + temp%10;
 temp = temp/10;
 }

 if ( n == reverse )
 printf("%d is a palindrome number.n", n);
 else
 printf("%d is not a palindrome number.n", n);

 return 0;
 }

10. *
***
*****
***
*
 printf("Enter number of rowsn");
 scanf("%d", &n);

 space = n - 1;

 for (k = 1; k <= n; k++)
 {
 for (c = 1; c <= space; c++)
 printf(" ");

 space--;

 for (c = 1; c <= 2*k-1; c++)
 printf("*");

 printf("n");
 }

11. Fibonacci series in c
 Fibonacci series in c programming: c program for
Fibonacci series without and with recursion. Using
the code below you can print as many number of
terms of series as desired. Numbers of Fibonacci
sequence are known as Fibonacci numbers. First
few numbers of series are 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 etc,
Except first two terms in sequence every other term
is the sum of two previous terms, For example 8 = 3
+ 5 (addition of 3, 5). This sequence has many
applications in mathematics and Computer Science.

12. *
***
*****
***
*

 space = 1;

 for (k = 1; k <= n - 1; k++)
 {
 for (c = 1; c <= space; c++)
 printf(" ");

 space++;

 for (c = 1 ; c <= 2*(n-k)-1; c++)
 printf("*");

 printf("n");
 }

 return 0;
 }

13. Fibonacci series in c
 #include<stdio.h>

 main()
 {
 int n, first = 0, second = 1, next, c;

 printf("Enter the number of termsn");
 scanf("%d",&n);

 printf("First %d terms of Fibonacci series are :-n",n);

 for ( c = 0 ; c < n ; c++ )
 {
 if ( c <= 1 )
 next = c;
 else
 {
 next = first + second;
 first = second;
 second = next;
 }
 printf("%dn",next);
 }

 return 0;
 }

14. Linear search in c
 Linear search in c programming: The following code
implements linear search ( Searching algorithm )
which is used to find whether a given number is
present in an array and if it is present then at what
location it occurs.It is also known as sequential
search. It is very simple and works as follows: We
keep on comparing each element with the element to
search until the desired element is found or list ends.
Linear search in c language for multiple occurrences
and using function.

15. linear search in c
 #include<stdio.h>

 main()
 {
 int array[100], search, c, number;

 printf("Enter the number of elements in arrayn");
 scanf("%d",&number);

 printf("Enter %d numbersn", number);

 for ( c = 0 ; c < number ; c++ )
 scanf("%d",&array[c]);

 printf("Enter the number to searchn");

16. linear search in c
 scanf("%d",&search);

 for ( c = 0 ; c < number ; c++ )
 {
 if ( array[c] == search ) /* if required element found */
 {
 printf("%d is present at location %d.n", search, c+1);
 break;
 }
 }
 if ( c == number )
 printf("%d is not present in array.n", search);

 return 0;
 }

17. C program for binary search
 C program for binary search: This code implements
binary search in c language. It can only be used for
sorted arrays, but it's fast as compared to linear
search. If you wish to use binary search on an array
which is not sorted then you must sort it using some
sorting technique say merge sort and then use
binary search algorithm to find the desired element in
the list. If the element to be searched is found then
its position is printed.

18. C program for binary search
 #include<stdio.h>

 main()
 {
 int c, first, last, middle, n, search, array[100];

 printf("Enter number of elementsn");
 scanf("%d",&n);

 printf("Enter %d integersn", n);

 for ( c = 0 ; c < n ; c++ )
 scanf("%d",&array[c]);

 printf("Enter value to findn");
 scanf("%d",&search);

 first = 0;
 last = n - 1;
 middle = (first+last)/2;

19. c program to insert an element in an array
 This code will insert an element into an array, For
example consider an array a[10] having three
elements in it initially and a[0] = 1, a[1] = 2 and a[2] =
3 and you want to insert a number 45 at location 1
i.e. a[0] = 45, so we have to move elements one step
below so after insertion a[1] = 1 which was a[0]
initially, and a[2] = 2 and a[3] = 3. Array insertion
does not mean increasing its size i.e array will not be
containing 11 elements.

20. c program to insert an element in an array
 #include <stdio.h>

 main()
 {
 int array[100], position, c, n, value;

 printf("Enter number of elements in arrayn");
 scanf("%d", &n);

 printf("Enter %d elementsn", n);

 for ( c = 0 ; c < n ; c++ )
 scanf("%d", &array[c]);

 printf("Enter the location where you wish to insert an elementn");
 scanf("%d", &position);

21. c program to insert an element in an array

 printf("Enter the value to insertn");
 scanf("%d", &value);

 for ( c = n - 1 ; c >= position - 1 ; c-- )
 array[c+1] = array[c];

 array[position-1] = value;

 printf("Resultant array isn");

 for( c = 0 ; c <= n ; c++ )
 printf("%dn", array[c]);

 return 0;
 }

22. C program for binary search

 while( first <= last )
 {
 if ( array[middle] < search )
 first = middle + 1;
 else if ( array[middle] == search )
 {
 printf("%d found at location %d.n", search, middle+1);
 break;
 }
 else
 last = middle - 1;

 middle = (first + last)/2;
 }
 if ( first > last )
 printf("Not found! %d is not present in the list.n", search);

 return 0;
 }

23. c program for bubble sort
:
 c program for bubble sort: c programming
code for bubble sort to sort numbers or
arrange them in ascending order. You can
easily modify it to print numbers in
descending order.

24. c program for bubble sort
 /* Bubble sort code */

 #include<stdio.h>

 main()
 {
 int array[100], n, c, d, swap;

 printf("Enter number of elementsn");
 scanf("%d", &n);

 printf("Enter %d integersn", n);

 for ( c = 0 ; c < n ; c++ )
 scanf("%d", &array[c]);

 for ( c = 0 ; c < ( n - 1 ) ; c++ )
 {

25. c program for bubble sort
 for ( d = 0 ; d < n - c - 1 ; d++ )
 {
 if ( array[d] > array[d+1] ) /* For decreasing order use < */
 {
 swap = array[d];
 array[d] = array[d+1];
 array[d+1] = swap;
 }
 }
 }

 printf("Sorted list in ascending order:n");

 for ( c = 0 ; c < n ; c++ )
 printf("%dn", array[c]);

 return 0;
 }

26. insertion sort in c
 Insertion sort in c: c program for insertion sort
to sort numbers. This code implements
insertion sort algorithm to arrange numbers
of an array in ascending order. With a little
modification it will arrange numbers in
descending order.

27. insertion sort in c
 * insertion sort ascending order */

 #include <stdio.h>

 int main()
 {
 int n, array[1000], c, d, t;

 printf("Enter number of elementsn");
 scanf("%d", &n);

 printf("Enter %d integersn", n);

 for (c = 0; c < n; c++) {
 scanf("%d", &array[c]);
 }

 for (c = 1 ; c <= n - 1; c++) {

28. insertion sort in c
 d = c;

 while ( d > 0 && array[d] < array[d-1]) {
 t = array[d];
 array[d] = array[d-1];
 array[d-1] = t;

 d--;
 }
 }

 printf("Sorted list in ascending order:n");

 for (c = 0; c <= n - 1; c++) {
 printf("%dn", array[c]);
 }

 return 0;
 }

29. selection sort in c
 Selection sort in c: c program for selection
sort to sort numbers. This code implements
selection sort algorithm to arrange numbers
of an array in ascending order. With a little
modification it will arrange numbers in
descending order.

30. selection sort in c
 #include<stdio.h>

 main()
 {
 int array[100], n, c, d, position, swap;

 printf("Enter number of elementsn");
 scanf("%d", &n);

 printf("Enter %d integersn", n);

 for ( c = 0 ; c < n ; c++ )
 scanf("%d", &array[c]);

 for ( c = 0 ; c < ( n - 1 ) ; c++ )
 {
 position = c;

 for ( d = c + 1 ; d < n ; d++ )

31. selection sort in c
 {
 if ( array[position] > array[d] )
 position = d;
 }
 if ( position != c )
 {
 swap = array[c];
 array[c] = array[position];
 array[position] = swap;
 }
 }

 printf("Sorted list in ascending order:n");

 for ( c = 0 ; c < n ; c++ )
 printf("%dn", array[c]);

 return 0;
 }

32. Matrix multiplication in c
 Matrix multiplication in c language: c program to multiply
matrices (two dimensional array), this program multiplies two
matrices which will be entered by the user. Firstly user will
enter the order of a matrix. If the entered orders of two matrix is
such that they can't be multiplied then an error message is
displayed on the screen. You have already studied the logic to
multiply them in Mathematics. Matrices are frequently used
while doing programming and are used to represent graph data
structure, in solving system of linear equations and many more.

33. Matrix multiplication in c
 #include <stdio.h>

 int main()
 {
 int m, n, p, q, c, d, k, sum = 0;
 int first[10][10], second[10][10], multiply[10][10];

 printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of first matrixn");
 scanf("%d%d", &m, &n);
 printf("Enter the elements of first matrixn");

 for ( c = 0 ; c < m ; c++ )
 for ( d = 0 ; d < n ; d++ )
 scanf("%d", &first[c][d]);

 printf("Enter the number of rows and columns of second matrixn");
 scanf("%d%d", &p, &q);

 if ( n != p )
 printf("Matrices with entered orders can't be multiplied with each other.n");
 else
 {
 printf("Enter the elements of second matrixn");

 for ( c = 0 ; c < p ; c++ )
 for ( d = 0 ; d < q ; d++ )
 scanf("%d", &second[c][d]);

34. Matrix multiplication in c

 for ( c = 0 ; c < m ; c++ )
 {
 for ( d = 0 ; d < q ; d++ )
 {
 for ( k = 0 ; k < p ; k++ )
 {
 sum = sum + first[c][k]*second[k][d];
 }

 multiply[c][d] = sum;
 sum = 0;
 }
 }

 printf("Product of entered matrices:-n");

 for ( c = 0 ; c < m ; c++ )
 {
 for ( d = 0 ; d < q ; d++ )
 printf("%dt", multiply[c][d]);

 printf("n");
 }
 }

 return 0;
 }