irrigation of green house

1. FEDERAL COLLEGE OF ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY VOM
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL AND PEST MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY
PROJECT PROPOSAL
ON:
DETERMINATION OF THE CRITICAL PERIOD OF WEED
INTERFERENCE IN POTATO (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.)
PRODUCTION IN VOM, JOS SOUTH LGA PLATEAU STATE.
BY:
ARUGU ENDURANCE ONWU ND/AGT/2020/0338
JOSEPH LOT AKARAH ND/AGT/2020/0339
SUPERVISED BY:
MR DALYOP THOMAS
MARCH, 2022

2. CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Agriculture is the main stay of Nigeria economy. It is a catalyst for the overall
development of the country (Ogbalubi and Wokocha, 2013). Thus, it is a critical
sector that drives the economic development and industrialization. The role of
agriculture in hunger and poverty reduction remains the subject of debate, m,
especially the part that produces food, is linked to poverty alleviation and
human development.
Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the world‟s fourth largest food crop after
wheat, rice and maize (Raemaekers, 2001). World production reached a record
of 320 million tons in 2007 and production in the developing countries has
almost doubled since 1991, with a corresponding increase in consumption
(Sofyan et al., 2007). Potato is an important source of food, employment and
income in developing countries (FAO, 2008). Potato’s high energy content and
ease of production have also made it an important component of urban
agriculture which provides jobs and food security to some 800 million people
globally (Sofyan et al., 2007). Hundreds of millions of people in the developing
countries including Nigeria are facing food crisis as the cost of their staple
foods continues to rise. Rice prices have almost doubled during the year 2008,
as wheat prices are climbing rapidly while maize prices are skyrocketing. But
On the contrary, the price of potato has remained stable. The potential of the
Irish potatoes is yet to be fully realized and has never been more evident until
the recent rising prices of rice, wheat and maize (FAO, 2008).

3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
Aim
• To determine the critical period of weed
interference in potato (Solanum tuberosun L.)
Production in Vom, Jos South L.G.A Plateau state.

4. Objectives
• To determine the critical period of weed interference in
potato in the study area
• To established the effect of weed interference on potato
yield.

5. CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Study Area
The Research will be conducted in Vom Jos-South L.G.A of Plateau State. The Research
will be carry out at the college farm (orchard) which is located at latitude 400 N and
longitude 350 E, with an elevation of 1,285 meters above sea level.
Experimental Design
The experimental design will be a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with
three replications. To determine the critical period of weed control, a quantitative
series of treatments comprising two components will be applied: (1) increasing
duration of weed interference; and (2) increasing length of weed-free period. Timing
of weed removal will be based on the number of days after crop emergence. In order
to evaluate the onset of the critical period of weed removal, the first component—
increasing duration of weed interference—will be established by delaying weed
control from the time of crop emergence until 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after crop
emergence (DAE), after which plots will be maintained weed-free until harvest. To
determine the end of the critical period, the second component—increasing length of
weed-free period—will be established by maintaining weed control from the time of
emergence until the above-presented time before allowing subsequent emerging
weeds to remain for the rest of the season. In addition, weed control and weed-free
control treatments will be included in the experiments.

6. Materials and Methods:
This research was conducted using the quadratic method. Two locations
of potato plant areas as samples scattered at different altitude or
topographic conditions were randomly selected in each sub-district. At
each location the sample was weighed diagonally (5 times) for each plot
of potato cropping using the iron squares of size 0.5×0.5 m. Field data
was used to determine weed species, weed density, weed frequency,
weed domination, importance value, summed dominance ratio, weed
dry weight and species diversity index.

7. Data collection on the field
The data collection will carry out three weeks interval after planting.
The data’s that will be collected include;
• Weed biomass: A squadron of 100m x 100m will be used to collect weed
sample for weight from each experimental plots and all weeds species
within the squadron will be harvested and airs dried to a constant weight to
determine weed dry weight
• Plant height: which is the measurement of the distance from the ground
level to the apex of each plants samples per plot.
• Stem girth: is the measurement of the diameter of the same plant using
threat and meter rule to determined the
• Number of leaves: is the counting of the number of leaves on each sample
per plant.
• Number of branches: it will be obtained by counting the number of branch
on each plant sample per plot.
• Number of ware tubers: is the counting of the number of marketable tuber
per plot.
• Number of seed tuber: is the counting the number of unmarketable tuber
per plot

8. Data analysis
All data collected were subjected to statistical analysis
according to Steel and Torrie (1980) f-test was used to
determine mean differences where f-test showed
significant different, least significant differences
(L.S.D)was calculated to identified the different
means.

9. • EXPERIMENTAL LAYOUT
Design RCBD plot size= 3m X 3m = 9m2
• T1 = Weed free throughout planting
• T2 = Weeding at 14 day after planting
• T3 = Weeding at 28 day after planting
• T4 = Weeding at 42 day after planting
• T5 = Weeding at 56 day after planting
• T6 = No weeding through out
• AGRONOMIC PREPARATION
• Spacing = 30cm X 100cm
• Plant propagation = 30 tuber/plant
• Land preparation
• Fertilizer 15-15-15 at 40kg/hectare applied at plant
• Manure (poultry)
• Rain fed
T4 T1 T3 T2 T6 T5
T5 T2 T3 T4 T6 T1
T6 T5 T3 T1 T2 T4

10. • REFERENCES
• Ahmadvand G, Mondani F, Golzardi F (2009). Effect of crop
plant density oncritical period of weed competitionin potato.
ScientiaHorticulturae 121:249-254
• BoydstonRA,HutchinsonPJS,BellinderR(2008).Weedmanageme
nt.In:Johnson D (Ed). Potato Health Management. Boydston,
MN APS Presspp223-233.
• Ciuberkis S, Bernotas S, Raudonius S, Felix F (2007). Effect of
weed emergence time and intervals of weed and crop
competition on potato yield.WeedTechnology21:612-617.
Costa NV, Cardoso LA, Rodrigues ACP, Martins D (2008). Weed
interference periods in potato crop. Planta Daninha26:83-91.
• Evans SP, Knezevic SZ, Lindquist JL, Shapiro CA, Blankenship
EE (2003) Nitrogen application influencing the critical period
for weed control in corn. Weed Sci 51: 408-417.

11. THANKS FOR
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