3. INTRODUCTION
1) A Portuguese navigator and explorer
2) Born in Sabrosa, Portugal in 1480
3) Acquired knowledge of navigation when he was sent for Indian Service to check
Muslim power along African and Indian coasts to establish Portuguese power
4) Took part in several battles including Battle of Diu where the Portuguese defeated
Muslim fleet and gained supremacy over most of the Indian Ocean
5) In 1514, he renounced his citizenship and offered his services to the Emperor of
Spain Charles V
6) First European to have reached East Asia by sailing west
7) Masterminded the first expedition to circumnavigate the world
8) Became the first from Europe to cross the Pacific Ocean
9) Known for Pacific Ocean and Strait of Magellan being named after him and
contributions from the Spice Islands
10) Died in a skirmish in the Philippines on April 27, 1521
7. Mercury is the closestplanet to the
Sun and the smallest one in the entire
SolarSystem.Contraryto popular
belief, this planet’sname has nothing
to do with the liquid metal. Mercury
was, instead,named after the famous
Roman messenger god Mercurius
Mercury takes a little more than 58
days to complete its rotation,so try to
imagine how longdays must be there!
Since the temperatures are so
extreme, albeit not as extreme as on
Venus, Mercuryhas been deemed to
be non-habitablefor humans
Overview of the Age of Exploration
8. Significance of the Age of
Exploration in history
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9. Mercury is the closestplanet to the Sun and
the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s
only a bit larger than the Moon
Factors motivating
exploration
Economic motivation
Venus has a beautiful name and is the
second planet fromthe Sun. It’s hot and has
a poisonousatmosphere
Religious motivation
10. Key aspects of the context of this age
Renaissance of antiquity Rediscovery of antiquity
Economic motivations Religious motivations
Political patronage Trade and the silk road
Cultural exchange Legacy of Marco Polo
Technological advancements Global competition
11. Mercury is the closestplanet to the Sun and the smallest of them all
Advancements in shipbuilding
Technological advancements
Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet from the Sun
Navigational instruments
Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide dust
Cartography and mapping
12. European explorers
Venus has a beautiful name and is the
second planet from the Sun. It’s hot and
has an extremely poisonousatmosphere
Vasco da Gama
Despite being red, Mars is actually a cold
place. It’s full of iron oxide dust, which
gives the planet its reddish cast
John Cabot
Mercury is the closestplanet to the Sun
and the smallest one in the SolarSystem—
it’s only a bit larger than the Moon
Christopher Columbus
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and
the only one thatharborslife in the Solar
System.All humans live on this planet
Ferdinand Magellan
13. Christopher Columbus and his voyages
Christopherwas an Italian explorer and
navigator,but he embarked on his voyages
under the sponsorshipof the Catholic
Monarchsof Spain: Ferdinand and Isabella
His voyagesare often associated with the
discoveryof the Americas
Christopher Columbus (1451-
1506) Voyages
First voyage (1492-1493)
Secondvoyage (1493-1496)
Third voyage (1498-1500)
Fourthvoyage (1502-1504)
→
→
→
→
Exchange of cultures,colonizationand europeandominance,historicalsignificance
Legacy and impact
14. Vasco da Gama’s journey to India
Vasco da Gama was a Portuguese
navigator and explorer known for his
pioneering role in establishingsea routes
from Europe to Asia, particularly to India
Vascoda Gama was a renowned
Portugueseexplorerin the late 15th-c.
Vasco da Gama (c. 1460-1524) Journey to India (1497-1498)
Quest for a sea route to India (1497)
Pioneeringsea route to India (1498)
Revolutionizingtrade routes
Portugueseexpansionand legacy
→
→
→
→
Establishmentof sea route,portuguesecolonialexpansion,impact on navigation
Legacy and impact
15. Ferdinand Magellan’s circumnavigation
Ferdinand Magellan, a Portugueseexplorer
sailing under the Spanishflag, is famous for
his ambitious expedition that resulted in
the first circumnavigationof the globe
Magellan’scircumnavigation proved that
the Earth was indeed round
Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521) The Circumnavigation voyage
Departure(1519)
Discoveryof the Pacific Ocean (1520)
Pacific crossing(1520-1521)
Return to Spain and completion(1522)
→
→
→
→
Proofof Earth’sroundness,opening of new trade routes,Spanishexploration
Legacy and impact
16. John Cabot’s expedition to North America
John Cabot,an Italian explorer sailing under
the English flag, is knownfor his expedition
to NorthAmerica, specifically to what is
now part of Canada
His real name was GiovanniCaboto, and
was an Italian explorer from Venice
John Cabot (c. 1450-1499)
Expedition to North America
(1497)
English backingand westwardvoyage
Discoveryof NorthAmerica
English claim and exploration
Impact on exploration/ colonization
→
→
→
→
EarliestEuropeancontact,English claims, expansion of knowledge,historicalsignificance
Legacy and impact
17. Exploration in the Americas
Venus has a beautiful name
and is the secondplanet
fromthe Sun
Portuguese expansion
Saturnis the second-
largest planet in the Solar
System
Indigenous people
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun and the
smallestof them all
Spanish conquest
Jupiter is a gas giant and
the biggest planet in the
SolarSystem
Legacy of Columbus
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place. It’s
full of iron oxide dust
Columbian exchange
Neptune is the fourth-
largest planet in the Solar
System
Geographic finding
18. Impact on indigenous populations
Disease and depopulation
Conquest and forced labor
→
→
Cultural disruption
Land dispossession
→
→
Missionary activity
Social stratification
→
→
Resistance and adaptation
→
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun
and the smallest one in the Solar System.
This planet’sname has nothing to do with
the liquid metal, since Mercury was
named after the Roman messenger god
Venus has a beautiful name and is the
second planet from the Sun. It’s terribly
hot, even hotter than Mercury,and its
atmosphereis extremely poisonous.It’s
the second-brightestnaturalobject in the
night sky after the Moon
22. An image always
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Your audience will appreciate it
23. 1492
Christopher Columbus’s first voyage in
1492 resulted in the discovery of the
Americas, marking the beginning of
European exploration in the New World
24. 1492 and 1600
The Age of Exploration roughly spans from the late 15th century to the early 17th
century, primarily between 1492 and 1600
200 major expeditions
Numerous explorers undertook voyages during this period, with an estimated
200 major expeditions launched by various European nations
25. Some percentages about age of exploration
The Age of Explorationtookplace
between 1492 and 1600, encompassing2-
3% of the past 1,000 years of history
Time period
The arrival of Europeansin the Americas
resulted in the death of 80-90% of the
indigenouspopulation due to diseases
Exploration impact
80 to 90% 2 to 3%
0% 100% 0% 100%
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29. The columbian exchange
South America
North America
Africa
Asia
Oceania
Europe
→ Beans
→ Cacao
→ Corn
→ Peanuts
→ Pineapples
→ Potatoes
→ Tobacco
→ Bananas
→ Cows
→ Chickens
→ Coffee
→ Grappe
→ Horses
→ Onions
01
02
01
02
30. Economic consequences
Mercury is the
closestplanet
to the Sun
Late 15th
century
Venus is the
second planet
from the Sun
16th
century
Earth is the
third planet
from the Sun
Late 16th
century
Despite being
red, Mars is a
cold planet
17th
century
Jupiter is the
biggest planet
of them all
Long-term
impact
31. Age of Exploration and technology
Navigational tools and innovations
Astrolabe
Quadrant
Cross-staff
Compass
→
→
→
→
Sextant
→
Backstaff
Hourglass
Log line and chip
Nocturnal
→
→
→
→
Seaboardmap
→
Chronometer
Goniometer
Mercatorprojection
Ptolemaic system
→
→
→
→
Portolancharts
→
32. Legacy of exploration
Geographic
discoveries
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only one that harborslife
in the SolarSystem.All humans live on this planet
Columbian
exchange
Despite being red, Mars is actually a very cold place. It’s full of iron
oxide dust, which gives the planet its reddish cast
Expansion of
trade routes
Jupiter is a gas giant and the biggest planet in the SolarSystem.It’s the
fourth-brightestobject in the night sky
Cultural
exchange
Neptune is the farthestplanet from the Sun.It’s also the fourth-largest
planet by diameter in the SolarSystem
33.
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35. Final conclusions
Conclusion A Conclusion B Conclusion C
Mercury is the closestplanet
to the Sun and the smallest
of them all
Venus has a beautiful name
and is the secondplanet
from the Sun
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place. It’s full
of iron oxide dust
Jupiter is the biggest planet
in the SolarSystem
Saturnis the second-largest
planet in the SolarSystem
Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun
The Sun is the star at the
center of the SolarSystem
Pluto is now classified as a
dwarf planet
Ceres is located in the main
asteroidbelt
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