This document provides an overview of resources and development opportunities in Singida Region, Tanzania, with a focus on integrated water resource management. Singida has potential for improved agriculture production through better use of water resources. The Integrated Water Resource Management Development Plan (IWRMDP) for the Internal Drainage Basin, which includes much of Singida Region, identifies water resources, needs, and management options to develop the agriculture sector in a sustainable manner. The IWRMDP takes a holistic approach and offers technical resources and recommendations to increase agricultural productivity through improved irrigation and farming practices over the short, medium, and long term.

1. RESOURCES & DEVELOPMENT
OPPORTUNITIES IN SINGIDA REGION
FOCUSING ON
INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT
PLAN AS A RESOURCE
JOSEPHINE S. LEMOYAN
WASH/ GOVERNANCE ADVISER, AFORD 2013

2. Outline of Presenta/on
1Background
and Context
2Agriculture
Produc/on and
example for
reflec/ons
4Objec/ves and
Key Provisions
of IWRMDP
5SWOT For
Agriculture in
Singida
3
Integrated Water
Resources
Management
Development
Plan As A
Technical
Resource

3. Background and Context
1
Overview of Singida, PopulaMon, Economic Overview, ThemaMc Focus of PresentaMon

4. SINGIDA AN OVERVIEW (1)
• LOCATION: 33055” and 35026” Eof Greenwich;
and 3052” and 7034” South of Equator.
• SIZE: it is appr0ximately 6%of the country;
49,3412 Kms. The region is divided into 6 Local
Government AuthoriMes
• CLIMATE: temperature ranges between 150 C
and 180 C
• Rainfall is between 500mm and 800 mm
straMng in Nov/Dec and ending in April/May

5. POPULATION
Districts Population Households
Singida 1,370,637 225,630
Ikungi 272,959 48,043
Iramba 236,282 43,196
Manyoni 296,763 58.472
Mkalama 188,733 34,277
Singida (Rural) 225,521 41,257
Singida
Municipal
150,379 30,385

6. Economic Overview: Regional Per Capita –GDP 2010
Region Regional Per Capita – Regions within IDB
Arusha 945,437 (Tshs)
Kilimanjaro 879,432 (Tshs)
Manyara 772,364 (Tshs)
Tabora 528, 832 (Tshs)
Shinyanga 510, 023 (Tshs)
Dodoma 485,211 (Tshs)
Singida 483, 921 (Tshs)
Tanzania (na/onal) 624,894 (Tshs)
Source IWRDP Internal Drainage Basin

7. THEMATIC FOCUS OF
PRESENTATION
RESOURCES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN SINGIDA FROM A WATER RESOURCES
PERSPECTIVE: AGRICULTURE
1.2

8. Why Water Resources PerspecMve?
Water Is Life
• Water is a key driver of economic and social
development, it plays important role in naMonal
economic and social development.
• Also water has a basic funcMon in maintaining
the natural environment.
• Water It relevant for all sectors of the economy
including domesMc, agriculture, livestock, fishery,
wildlife, industry, mining, energy, forestry and
recreaMon.
Water Is a Resource with
social and economic values

9. Water Resource Management - A HolisMc Approach

10. SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC
OPPORTUNITIES AND RESOURCES
IN SINGIDA, HIGHLIGHTED BY THE
IWRDP
1.3

11. Socio Economic OpportuniMes in Singida Region
• Manpower: Skilled and Unskilled Human Resources
• Geographical locaMon and proximity, business, training
gateway.
• Climate and Whether
• Socio economic acMviMes:
- Agricultural producMon for Cash & Food crops.
- Livestock Keeping and animal husbandry (Cajle, sheep, goats,
poultry, pigs and donkeys)
- Mining and industrial acMviMes
- Tourism and leaisure acMviMes
§ Public FaciliMes and Social Services
§ Presence of development partners &
§ Diversified civil society.

12. Socio Economic OpportuniMes in Singida Region(2)
Minerals found in
Singida include Gold,
Diamonds, Uranium as
well as varieMes of
gemstones.

13. 2
Agriculture Produc/on in
Singida: An Example for
Reflec/ons
AGRICULTURE FOR WEALTH NOT ONLY FOR SUBSISTANCE:
A WEALTH CREATION OPPORTUNITY STILL UNATAPPED, UNDEVELOPED

14. State of Agriculture ProducMon
in Singida Region.
Agriculture is the ‘backbone’ of our economy. It contributes
:25.7% of naMonal GDP and about 30.9% of its
export earnings, while employing over 70% of the naMon‘s
Agriculture: producMvity is low in the region;
a) it is basically small holders using poor technologies:
b) it is rain fed with mainly one crop season- affected by
clima/c variability;
c) Irriga/on is irregular and limited using water inefficient
methods
d) It is basically hand hoe based
Main Agricultural System: Sorghum/Millet/Bulrush/oil seeds
and agro-pastoralism. Some cash crop farming is emerging
involving paddy, and vegetables; to some limited extent
tobacco & cojon.

15. Agriculture ProducMon(2)
Common IrrigaMon pracMces
Farms are located close to running rivers, river banks,
wetlands, and ground water from shallow wells; and to some
limited extent use of harvested rainwater from a reservoir.
ApplicaMon: Unlined irrigaMon canals, manual applicaMon
using buckets (Labour intensive, water inefficient.

16. IWRM Approach and ApplicaMon in Singida Region
• Tanzania is divided into 9 river /Drainage Basin, which are:
- Pangani
- Wami/Ruvu
- Lake Tanganyika
- Lake Rukwa
- Ruvuma and Southern Coast
- Lake Victoria
- Lake Nyasa
- Rufiji and
- Internal Drainage – BWO is in Singida Municipality

17. 3
Integrated Water
Resources Management
Development Plan for
Internal Drainage Basin: A
Technical Resource for
Singida
Agriculture Sec/on

18. Internal Drainage Basin.
• Singida is the HQ of the Internal Drainage
Basin (IDB-Bonde La KaM), the 2nd largest arer
the Rufiji Basin
• Coverage: 26 Districts, 28 LGAs, 8 regions,
with an area of 143,100 sq km
• A large part of Singida region is in the Internal
Drainage Basin.
• Small porMons of the Singida Region are in
the in Rufiji Basin the Lake Rukwa Basin.

19. Internal Drainage Basin.

20. The Internal Drainage Basin has developed an
Integrated Water Resources Management
Development Plan for all districts and regions in
the Basin.
This is a Technical Resource for all Sectors!

21. 4 Objec/ves and Key
Provisions in IWRMDP
In a Nut Shell

22. ObjecMves of the Internal Drainage Basin’s IWRMDP
i) Assessment of water resources and idenMficaMon of
current and future water demands for different sectors.
ii) Development of strategies for meeMng water demands
for different sectors ( Agriculture, Livestock, Tourism,
Mining, RecreaMon, InsMtuMons and Public Services)
iii) RecommendaMons for water resources development
and management opMons.
The IWRMDP is phased in short tem perspec/ve (2015) ,
medium term ( 2025) and long term projec/ons ( 2035 ).

23. What IWRMDP Offers (1)
• InformaMon on availability of Surface and
Ground water
• Quality of Water (PolluMon sources, esMmates
on polluMon and social and environmental
risks
• Socio – Economic informaMon
• Environmental and Ecological water
requirements

24. What IWRMDP Offers (2)
• Sectoral and ThemaMc water plans:
- Water for domesMc use,
- industrial / mining use,
- IrrigaMon and agriculture related water use,
- Hydropower generaMon,
- Ecosystem conservaMon and other environmental
water needs.
• Capacity Building Programme
• Data Bases including Maps and satellite
imageries.

25. 5 SWOT FOR AGRICULTURE
IN SINGIDA
Extracts from the IWRMDP – for Internal Drainage Basin:
Focusing on Singida Region

26. SWOT FOR AGRICULTURE ENTREPRISE IN SINGIDA
STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES
Good Soils with Natural VegetaMons,
agriculture expansion and
intensificaMon is possible
Limoted Investments in Agriculture as a business
Rainfall/PrecipitaMon and water
resources
Undeveloped and untapped water resources- water
runoff during the rain season. Indequate water
storage
Favourable Weather CondiMons for
conMnuous (non Stop) farming (2-3
crop seasons per year)
Weather Dependency:
PopulaMon: Adrequate Labour fource
for employment in agriculture sector
Low Skills of the populaMon with negaMve mindsets
towards agriculture.
PotenMal for ‘Small Holder IrrigaMon’ Small Sizes of farms
Indigenous knowledge and pracMces
prevenMng water resources polluMon
Gender Issues: Heavy women’s workloads, low
parMcipaMon in decision making
Favourable InsMtuMonal Set Up Poor Governance to operaMonalize exisMng
InsMtuMons.
Enabling Policies Weak Policy ApplicaMons, low scienMfic research,
and energy problems

27. OpportuniMes for Improved irrigated farming
Opportuni/es in terms of technical skills, technology,
informa/on, capacity building, regulatory frames and
partnerships
• IrrigaMon Services as part of Agricultural Extension Services
through the LGAs and Regional Secretariats
• Links to the Zonal IrrigaMon Units (IrrigaMon and Technical
Services Division of Ministry of Agriculture).
• Presence of WUAs and Irrigators Groups/Farmers Groups
• NGOs and CBOs with Business Development Packages for
Agriculture Entrepreneurship
• Development Partners and Projects
• Private Sector OrganisaMons

28. Improved Farming PracMces
InnovaMve improved bucket
irrigaMon Issuna
Drip IrrigaMon Mkiwa
Source: IWRMDP, Internal Drainage Basin, Singida

29. Tomato at 3 growing stages at the same Mme in Kisasida
Cluster IrrigaMon Scheme
Source: IWRMDP, Internal Drainage Basin Vol. 3

30. Technical OpMons for IrrigaMon, Bejer Use of Water
• There are different technical opMons for irrigaMon
which can enable farmers to harvest up to 3 or 4
Mmes annually.
• Combined with other improved farming pracMces,
producMvity can also be increased x 10
• Technical OpMons:
- Improved irrigaMon cannals
- Water HarvesMng OpMons & reservoirs for irrigaMon
- Affordable irrigaMon technologies.
• Water is not a big problem, but how to make the
best use of it.

31. A Snapshot of District Regional, NaMonal and InternaMonal Dev Actors
+ Loacl NGOs and CBOs LGAs, Regional Secretariat

32. Exploring Resources and
Opportuni/es
Singida Region Social and Economic Development Stakeholders Symposium
28 December 2015, KBH Hotel.

33. AFORD 2013 C. Ltd (AcMon for Development)
P.O. Box 1005 Singida
Tel: 0752 232323
Email: afordmwanza@gmail.com
And : jlemoyan@aford2013.org
Skype:josephine.lemoyan1
Prepared & Presented By Josephine
Sebas/an Lemoyan
Water Sanita/on & Hygiene (WASH)
& Governance Adviser

34. » I would like to thank
the Internal Drainage Basin Office for
their coaching and support.
» Making the IWRMDP informaMon
available to me
» Specifically
Eng. Chikarabhani; B. M.
(Basin Water Officer) and
Eng. Robert M. Sunday (BWO Assistant)
Acknowledgement