The document discusses the advantages of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) separating from Pakistan. It argues that the separation relieved Pakistan of an economic burden, as East Pakistan had scarce resources and high poverty. It also allowed Pakistan to pursue economic policies without considering East Pakistan's interests. Politically, it eliminated the dominance of the Bengali population and ended criticism from Bengali politicians. Militarily, it removed India's ability to pressure Pakistan by threatening its geographically distant and vulnerable East Pakistan region. Socially, it stopped the flow of migrants from East Pakistan, allowed local languages and culture to flourish in West Pakistan, and created more jobs for West Pakistanis. Overall, the author argues that the separation created a new life
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinentAqib Syed
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinent
Political system in Pakistan broke down in 1971 because of output failure arising out of conflict among East and West Pakistan.
Though separation of East Pakistan occurred in 1971, the separation’s elements had begun to work with the emergence of Pakistan in 1947. Following were the main causes of the separation of East Pakistan.
Integrating Pakistan’s Tribal Areas into the National PictureSalman
The paper titled as Integrating Pakistan’s Tribal Areas into the National Picture written by Laiq ur Rehman & Waqas Idrees and was published in a Research Journal of Fata Research Center Name as TIGAH V3
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinentAqib Syed
East Pakistan Separation- History of SubContinent
Political system in Pakistan broke down in 1971 because of output failure arising out of conflict among East and West Pakistan.
Though separation of East Pakistan occurred in 1971, the separation’s elements had begun to work with the emergence of Pakistan in 1947. Following were the main causes of the separation of East Pakistan.
Integrating Pakistan’s Tribal Areas into the National PictureSalman
The paper titled as Integrating Pakistan’s Tribal Areas into the National Picture written by Laiq ur Rehman & Waqas Idrees and was published in a Research Journal of Fata Research Center Name as TIGAH V3
Exploring the history of our Liberation War and Political events leading to ...Abdulla Al Imran
Exploring the creation of Pakistan
Political events leading to war of 1971
Exploring the history of our Liberation War
Bangali Language Movement
Six point movement
Challenges of Pakistan before Independence.JawadAhmed202
This slides shows the pre-independence problems and challenges of Pakistan. Problems like Economy, political instability were effectively solved By Muslim Leaders. All of them contributed well in the freedom of sub-continent.
Image Makers Perspective in Reinventing the Nigerian Nation i-Octane
‘An Image Maker’s Perspective of Rethinking Nigeria’. Paper delivered by Mr. Yomi Badejo – Okusanya at the 2015 Public Colloquium of the Nigerian Institute of Public Relations (NIPR)
Ogun State Chapter. Nigeria. Thursday, August 13, 2015.
Exploring the history of our Liberation War and Political events leading to ...Abdulla Al Imran
Exploring the creation of Pakistan
Political events leading to war of 1971
Exploring the history of our Liberation War
Bangali Language Movement
Six point movement
Challenges of Pakistan before Independence.JawadAhmed202
This slides shows the pre-independence problems and challenges of Pakistan. Problems like Economy, political instability were effectively solved By Muslim Leaders. All of them contributed well in the freedom of sub-continent.
Image Makers Perspective in Reinventing the Nigerian Nation i-Octane
‘An Image Maker’s Perspective of Rethinking Nigeria’. Paper delivered by Mr. Yomi Badejo – Okusanya at the 2015 Public Colloquium of the Nigerian Institute of Public Relations (NIPR)
Ogun State Chapter. Nigeria. Thursday, August 13, 2015.
The economic bases of Bengali nationalism highlight the historical, social, and economic factors that have shaped the nationalist movement in the context of Bengal, a region that encompasses present-day Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal.
1. Economic disparity: Bengali nationalism emerged partly as a response to economic disparities between Bengal and other regions under British colonial rule. The economic policies of the British Raj, such as the imposition of high taxes and the exploitation of local resources, resulted in significant economic deprivation in Bengal compared to other regions.
2. Agricultural economy: Bengal had a predominantly agrarian economy, with a thriving jute industry and a rich tradition of rice cultivation. This economic foundation played a role in shaping Bengali identity and promoting a sense of solidarity and shared economic interests among the predominantly rural population.
3. Language-based identity: The Bengali language was a unifying factor in Bengali nationalism. The language served as a medium for cultural expression, literary achievements, and political mobilization. Economic concerns, such as access to education and job opportunities, were often linked to the promotion and recognition of the Bengali language.
4. Partition of Bengal: The 1905 partition of Bengal by the British further amplified economic grievances and fueled nationalist sentiments. The partition was seen as a deliberate attempt to divide and weaken the economically prosperous and politically conscious Bengali population, leading to protests and demands for reunification.
5. Socioeconomic movements: Bengali nationalism was closely intertwined with socioeconomic movements, such as the Swadeshi movement and the Bengal Revolution of 1969. These movements aimed to foster economic self-sufficiency, encourage indigenous industries, and challenge economic exploitation by foreign powers.
6. Economic policies of independent Bangladesh: After gaining independence from Pakistan in 1971, Bangladesh pursued economic policies that aimed to address past injustices and uplift the socio-economic conditions of its people. The focus on land reforms, agricultural development, and poverty alleviation has been central to the economic agenda of Bangladesh and has further strengthened the economic foundations of Bengali nationalism.
It is important to note that while economic factors play a significant role in shaping nationalist movements, they interact with various social, cultural, and political factors to form a comprehensive understanding of Bengali nationalism.
Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bhutan Th.docxalfred4lewis58146
Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bhutan
The second largest country in South Asia is Pakistan, which has volatile country in every sense of the world. Pakistan’s
economy is growing. Its agricultural sector exports rice to other countries. Also, the manufacturing sector is expanding.
Although these are hopeful signs, Pakistan has many issues that hinder making improvements in the lives of its people. First,
Pakistan, predominantly a Muslim country, is locked in a costly
rivalry with India, which has Hindu majority. (It is important to
note that Pakistan too has conflict between Sunni and Shi’ite
Muslims – the two main branches of Islam.) As you recall,
Pakistan came to being after Britain’s relinquishing its control
over the Indian subcontinent. In 1949, the subcontinent was
partitioned into Pakistan and India. Thereafter, two nations
really did not behave as neighbors in the true sense of the
world. Pakistan considers India a threat and, actually, they are
locked in a territorial dispute over Kashmir. This rivalry and
animosity has sparked a nuclear arms race and Pakistan,
despite it economic underdevelopment, is a nuclear power.
Pakistan has other threats, namely, Islamic fundamentalists who object to Pakistan’s support of the American-led war of
terror. The United States has recruited Pakistan’s help in its war in Afghanistan, which has led to infusion of American aid to
Pakistan. However, supporters of Taliban, Al Qaeda, and other radical
Islamic elements object to this relationship and has been conducting
terror campaign against the government.
Pakistan, has many socio-economic issues to grapple with. To begin with,
Pakistan’s economy is growing but not fast enough to noticeably improve
the lives of Pakistanis. Its main revenue source remains the exports of rice,
cotton textile goods and some industrial products. However, most
Pakistanis are engaged in subsistence farming. (Like other third world
countries, Pakistan has a significant “informal economy” such as street
barbering, as shown in the left.) Also, Pakistan has to deal with its
explosive population increases. Pakistan’s doubling time is 33 years,
which means, at the present rate of population increase, there will be another Pakistan in 2038. Interestingly, this Islamic
country also suffers from massive heroine addiction among its people. According to a United Nations estimate, there are
about 1.5 million heroin addicts. According to a New York Times report, “Addicts are everywhere and nowhere, easy to
overlook from a car but impossible to miss on foot. They are huddled on the sidewalk, under the bridge, behind the truck,
against the fence, along the prime begging space beside the shrine.” Why so high a heroine addiction? Pakistan is located
next to Afghanistan, which is a major heroine producing country. Also, some addicts argue that the Koran prohibits
intoxicants such as liquor but not narcotics.
Here is how one geogr.
During 18th century
East Pakistan & West Pakistan was a combine country. But
East Pakistan was fully ignored and dominated by west
Pakistan. Though east Pakistan played very importented roll
during that time but didn’t got proper rights & neglected.
1. “Advantages of Creation of Bangladesh to Pakistan”.
M.Akram Khan Niazi, Pakistan
Usually smaller Parts of a country having extraordinary resources tries to break away from the mainland
to take the maximum advantage of their resources for their advantage, and to protect themselves from
the drain of their resources to majority or dominant section of the country, but in case of Pakistan Majority
Part on the basis of population, which was also having scare resources, separated from the other part,
Generally, it is regarded as an unfortunate event for Pakistan by people of Pakistan, and no Pakistani tries
to see other side of the coin of that event for analysis of the benefits achieved to them by this event
The reason of this is that all literature about that event has been written by those who were living in East
Pakistan and they suffered personally by this event, due to which they always indicate their miseries and
losses and forget to explain the advantages of that event to whole Pakistani Nation. Therefore, it is
necessary to see the real results of this event. With the separation of East Pakistan, following advantages
were achieved to Pakistan.
1. Economical
•Separation of Bangladesh was as much beneficial for Pakistan as separation of Pakistan from India.
•As the part of world in which East Pakistan was situated, was having limited resources, and many poor
areas of subcontinent are situated in that part, such as Bihar , Assam ,West Bengal, Burma and Bhutan.
Technically it was not in the interest of Pakistan, to keep itself attached with East Bengal(Historically one
of the most poorest area of subcontinent) .In fact Pakistan after separation saved its future from economic
burden of poverty ridden Bangladesh,
• Huge Population and scare resources of East Bengal were clear Indicators, that there will be no
extraordinary progress in future in that province and no sensible person may think that it was valuable for
Pakistan to keep itself attached with most poverty ridden part of this region.
•Being a part of East Pakistan, rulers were forcing to West Pakistani citizens to become a market of East
Pakistan’s low quality Products, such as Tea, Pans and jute on artificial high prices on the name of
Patriotism, while now such type high quality Products may be purchased from other countries on very low
prices.
•After separation of Bangladesh, it was possible for Pakistan to make its economic policies without having
any concern of interests of a far situated part.
•Pakistan Economic Managers relieved themselves from the Economic restrictions due to economic
interest of East Bengal. That situation was as much harmful, as today Pakistan start to take care of the
economic interest of Myanmar or West Bengal; it is certain that such type situation will be disastrous for
Pakistan.
•With the analysis of economic situation of present day Pakistan and Bangladesh, shows that Pakistan
GDP and Foreign currency reserves are double than that of Bangladesh and Electricity production is also 5
times more. It is obvious, that separation was much more in the interest of Pakistan, Because, the only
solution of the Disparity between two parts, was to serve the Bangladesh with the resources of West
Pakistan. Otherwise there was no other magic solution to address that disparity.
•It is still obvious that, there is still no charm in having trade links with countries of South Asia, because it
is not in the economic interest of Pakistan, instead of that we should focus on rich and developed areas
such as China, Middle East, Far East, Europe and USA.
2. Political Advantages.
•Due to extraordinary majority of Bengali Population, it was not possible for any province of West Pakistan
to become equivalent to that majority any time in future, and it was certain that representatives of
Provinces of West Pakistan will always remain in opposition in assemblies as per modern time democracy
principles, this was really a frightening situation and the People of Pakistan were going to be ruled by any
ethnocentric Bengali Leader or by any Bengali Military dictator for ever.
•Due to Bengali nationalism and ethnocentrism, on the basis of which People of Bangladesh were
2. victimizing the Urdu Speaking Muslim refugees from India and that is still continue, and their Ethnic
Cleansing with aborigines people of CHT, were clearly indicating that people of that area were not sincere
and aware of the Ideology of Pakistan, in fact attachment of Pakistan with East Bengal was self deception
and nothing else.
•Due to agitation style and different culture, the politicians of East Pakistan were always blaming Pakistan
for their problems and exploitations, while people of Pakistan were worried about deteriorating condition
of people of East Pakistan due to poverty and natural disasters, and they were too much fed up with that
situation as they were seeing no end of all this, as this thing was also harming the Basic Ideology of
Pakistan, and therefore to get rid of this situation and to avoid baseless allegations it was necessary to
separate that area(East Bengal) from Pakistan, and this was the main reason that West Pakistani Military
Personnel, even having capability for defending that part decided very easily and conveniently to end their
any relation with that land on the basis of the facts that they were tired of all those messy affairs.
• Due to separation of East Pakistan, Pakistan saved itself and its ideology from baseless criticism of
Bengalese Politicians, and now on real grounds they are blaming each other for their problems.
•With the separation of Bangladesh, Pakistan Islamic Ideology became more prominent with the
introduction of Islamic laws and future scenario of Pakistan became much more firmed with the conversion
of population ratio to 98 % Muslims, while with Bangladesh, presence of Huge Hindu minority was having
adverse effects on the ideological progress of the country.
3. Security Advantages:
As East Pakistan was situated in the abdomen and inside the body of India and thousand miles away from
West Pakistan, India was using this factor for blackmailing and pressurizing Pakistan from the beginning,
In fact burden of huge population of East Bengal was loaded on West Pakistan to make Pakistan a crippled
and failed state by Indian National Congress. India used that part as a button for keeping under pressure
to Pakistan in 1947, in war of 1965 and again in 1970 with policy to occupy large chunk of land in East
Pakistan. Due to 1000 miles distance between both parts and that also filled by enemy land, in such worst
scenario even maintaining contacts between security forces and their mobility was in fact a difficult,
expensive and life taking task, accompanied with wastage of huge resources, ultimately resulting in
weakening of Defense forces and economy of the country. By separation of East Bengal, Pakistan was
able to get rid of its weak point which was a most easy and favorite target of India. Due to that now
Pakistan Defense is more strong and protected as compared to vulnerable and weak position before 1971.
4. Social Advantages:
•With the separation of Bengal flow of population from densely populated Bangladesh to parts of West
Pakistan stopped, which was a good development for the culture and social set up of West Pakistan.
•Due to two national languages, Cultural evolution of the people of West Pakistan was stopped and their
local languages were dying, with the separation of Bangladesh, that process was stopped.
•After separation of Bangladesh huge jobs opportunities were raised for people of different provinces of
West Pakistan in both Federal and Provincial Governments. Due to elimination of share of people of
Bengalese in civilian Jobs, which resulted in an increase in participation of local population in the affairs of
country, by this their sense of depriving was minimized.
•People of Bengal are usually dark skinned, while people of West Pakistan were of Fair Skinned, due to
continuous flow of Bengalese from East Bengal was creating racial discomfort and fears in the mind of
local populations, that by this they will become minority in their own provinces, specially in the case when
Federal Government was encouraging Bengalese to rehabilitate in West Pakistan, By separation of East
Bengal this process of migration was also stopped.
This is the reason that after separation of East Pakistan, Mr. Mujibur Rehman was immediately released
by President Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, and he never expressed any regret about creation of Bangladesh.
Similarly once Prersident Zia-ul-Haq commented that freedom fighters of Bangladesh were in fact the
freedom fighters of Pakistan, Now Bangladesh is a free country and Pakistan is also a free country.
It is crystal clear from all above mentioned facts that separation from Problematic East Bengal created
new life and new freedom in Pakistan.
Written By M.Akram Khan Niazi.
Karachi,Pakistan