The document discusses the introduction of new digital technologies like tablets and their potential impact on teaching and learning. It notes that the iPad and iBooks were introduced in 2010 and 2011, respectively, and since then multiple tablet devices have changed learning and teaching by expanding what counts as a text. There is early evidence that portable devices and apps can positively influence student engagement and learning by providing interactive, multimodal content. However, the document also questions whether features like interactivity and portability necessarily improve learning, and notes important considerations around digital content development and copyright. Overall, it presents both promises and critiques of new technologies in education.
1. Fostering Strategic Engagement with
21st Century Literacies in the Disciplines
Adolescent
Literacy
Summit
June
19th
and
20th,
2013
TIES
St.
Paul
MN
David G. O’Brien
University of Minnesota,Twin Cites
Tuesday, June 18, 13
4. What Text is Left When you Throw
the Textbook out the Window?
Tuesday, June 18, 13
5. What is the Engaging Text? Maybe a
better question is Where is the text?
Tuesday, June 18, 13
6. Think-Pair-Share (Lyman, 1981)
1. As a whole, what do the video clips say about
the relation between textbooks and learning in
school?
2. What do the video clips say about engagement
and disengagement in school?
3. What do the clips say about strategies using
non print texts (multimodal texts--music, imagery,
performance)
Tuesday, June 18, 13
7. On January 27, 2010,
Apple Announces the
iPad
About a Year
Later Apple
Introduced
iBooks Textbook
Tuesday, June 18, 13
8. 1._____ _____ The introduction of the iPad and the
eventual influx of multiple tablet devices has
changed learning and teaching forever
2._____ _____ The key aspect of “21st Century
Literacy” is that what counts as a text and reading
has changed dramatically
3._____ _____ There is already evidence that new
portable devices and the “apps” and other tools are
positively effecting student engagement and learning
4._____ _____ The first indicator of the effect of new
digital devices and apps is how ineffective traditional
textbooks are
Anticipation/Reaction Guide
Tuesday, June 18, 13
9. Textbooks Produced for iBooks
Traditional Textbooks
-outdated
-static
-expensive
-too heavy
-old format (“1950”)
Tuesday, June 18, 13
10. Textbooks Produced on iBooks
Author 2 Promise to
Revolutionize Textbooks
Features
-engaging
-alive
-up to date
-mobile
-fluid, fast
navigation
-beautiful,
-effortless note
taking
-interactive
multimedia
-immersive
Tuesday, June 18, 13
11. iBooks Textbooks have Built-in
Learning and Engagement
Features
iBooks Textbooks
Learning features
-integrated multi-
modal content
-amazing ways to
take notes
-highlighting with
annotations
-elegant study card
review
Tuesday, June 18, 13
12. Learning with iPads: The devices
provide access to “all of the
world’s learning in it”
Tuesday, June 18, 13
13. Learning with iPads: The devices are
motivating and engaging, portable and
affordable, the multimodal affordances
support learning reading and writing
Tuesday, June 18, 13
14. Learning with iPad: It caters to
learning modalities, styles, and engages
learners because it is interactive and
multimodal
Tuesday, June 18, 13
15. Learning with iPads: Access to
information you no longer have to
remember or master but instead
personalize information to your own
needs
Tuesday, June 18, 13
18. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
19. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
20. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
21. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
22. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
23. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
24. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
25. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
26. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
27. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
28. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
29. Meme Critique And...
Textbooks are
Outdated
Textbooks are designed
to support teaching/
learning
Where does the
content for iPads come
from?
Textbooks are
Expensive
Tech hardware and
license agreements/apps
are expensive
Even if you save money,
what content should
you buy?
Textbooks are
Heavy
They have a point there!
iPads and other tablets
are definitely lighter on
the frame
Textbook Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
31. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
32. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
33. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
34. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
35. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
36. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
37. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
38. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
39. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
40. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
41. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
42. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
43. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
44. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
45. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
46. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
47. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
48. Meme Critique And...
iPads are
engaging
Printed curricula can be
engaging
Is engagement
synonymous with
digital, multimodality?
iPads are
interactive
People are interactive--
readers can interact with
print, pictures, and other
people
“Interactivity”can be
distracting and
iPads are
portable
They have a point there!
But. . . lots of curricular
materials are portable
Portability is not
synonymous with
learning
iPads include
current content
Content is current only if
content providers are
current
What copyrights and
authors will allow
what material in
digital texts?
iPads are
dynamic and
magical
Do these dynamic,
interactivity, and magic
provide strong teaching
and learning design?
Who is designing
education apps and
digital texts?
iPad Memes
Tuesday, June 18, 13
49. Affordances and App
Affordances
Design
An app might
have positive
features built in
by designers
Use
An app
might have
affordances only
apparent in use
Tuesday, June 18, 13
50. Strategic Engagement
1. Selecting app affordances
(Beach & O’Brien , 2012.
appropriate for a particular
lesson, its tasks and literacy
support
2. Twinning app affordances
with effective strategies for
that particular instructional
and learning context
Tuesday, June 18, 13
51. A STRATEGY: REAP (READ
ENCODE ANNOTATE PONDER)
Read
to
discern
the
author’s
message
Encode
the
message
by
translaEng
it
into
your
own
words
Annotate
by
cogently
wriEng
the
message
in
notes
for
yourself
and
your
group
and
post
for
others
to
read
(post
in
Google
Docs,
post
annotaEon
in
text
in
Diigo)
Ponder,
or
further
reflect
on
what
you
have
read
and
wriPen,
through
discussion
and
by
reviewing
others
responses
toe
the
same
reading
/and
or
to
your
annotaEon
Tuesday, June 18, 13
52. REAP Diigo social bookmarking
AN APP AFFORDANCE: USING
DIIGOTO FACILITATE ANNOTATION
Diigo “floating sticky notes” allow
posting of text-specific annotations
Readers can read each other’s
annotations, and annotate (meta-
annotate) annotations with other
levels of REAP
Tuesday, June 18, 13
53. REAP
✦ Summary Response: The basic message of article. A
simple statement of the main ideas. After discussing with
your group, write out a short paragraph—2-3 sentences
that you believe capture the main theme of the piece.
✦Attention-getting or heuristic response: Find a
quote in the article that will make someone else want to
respond. This should be attention- getting or surprising.
✦Personal View or Transactional Response: How
do your views and feelings compare with what you think the
author is saying?
Tuesday, June 18, 13
59. A STRATEGY: GIST (GENERATING
INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SCHEMATA AND
TEXT)
• Select a paragraph (or passage)
• Have students read the paragraph (or passage) for
the purpose of retelling
• Students generate summaries (individually or
collaboratively) and revise until satisfied
• Students re-read the text to check the accuracy of
the summary and post a revised summary
• The digital affordance adaptation (iAnnote PDF app:
Students use both written and oral annotation
features to generate multimodal summaries
Tuesday, June 18, 13
60. AN APP AFFORDANCE: USING
IANNOTATE PDFTO FACILITATE GIST
SUMMARIES
GIST iANNOTE PDF ANNOTATION
Notes that pinned to the text allow
posting of text-specific summaries
Audio annotation pinned to the
text that allow audio renditions of
summaries
Tuesday, June 18, 13
64. Digital writing, Media literacy, Media literacy resources, Teaching
literature, Literacy tools, Common Core State Standards, Apps for literacy
learning, Using iPad and iPhone Apps for Learning with Literacy Across
the Curriculum
Rick Beach’s Websites
Tuesday, June 18, 13
65. Strategies Modeled with Apps
• Anticipation/Reaction Guide: first presented by Readence, Bean, & Baldwin(1995): Readence, J. E., Bean,T.W., & Baldwin, R. S.
Content area reading:An integrated approach (5th ed. ) Kendall, Hunt.
• some good online examples: http://www.google.com/url?
sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDcQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.carlscorner.us.com%2FLiteracy
%2FAnticipation%2520Reaction%2520Guides.doc&ei=pB3BUcjT
• REAP: first presented by Eanet and Manzo (1976): Eanet, M. G. & Manzo,A.V. REAP--A strategy for improving reading/writing
study skills. Journal of Reading, 19, pp 647-652.
• a good example with clear guidelines of the types of annotations: http://www.saddlebackdsps.com/2011/10/reap-strategy.html
• GIST: First presented by Jim Cunningham (1982). Cunningham, J. Generating interactions between schemata and text. In New
inquiries in reading research and instruction. Thirty-firstYearbook of the National Reading Conference
• guidelines for doing GIST at ReadWriteThink: http://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/lesson-plans/gist-summarizing-
strategy-content-290.html
Tuesday, June 18, 13