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Addressing Fall Protection Anchorages
The document discusses fall protection anchorages, highlighting the importance of proper anchorage assessment according to OSHA and ANSI standards. It outlines the various types of anchorages, their required strengths, and the necessity for thorough documentation and evaluation of fall protection systems. Key considerations for improving fall protection at job sites are emphasized, including the need for certified anchorages and the importance of prevention through design.
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Addressing Fall Protection Anchorages
- 1. ASSESSING FALL PROTECTION ANCHORAGES THOMAS E. KRAMER, P.E., C.S.P. - PRINCIPAL TKramer@LJBInc.com; Phone: (937) 259-5120 KIM MESSER, KMesser@LJBInc.com; Phone: (937) 259-5000 LJB University™ has been approved as an Authorized Provider by the International Association for Continuing Education and Training (IACET), 1760 Old Meadow Road, Suite 500, McLean, VA 22102. .
- 2. INTRODUCTION Thom Kramer, P.E.,C.S.P. ＞ Principal in LJB Safety division > 17+ years experience in fall protection industry ＞ ANSI Z359 Senior Executive Committee • Chairman of ANSI Z359.6 • Chairman of ANSI Z359.17 ＞ American Society of Safety Engineers • 2012 and 2013 PDC Planning Committee Chair ＞ International Society for Fall Protection • President and Board Member 22
- 3. BOTTOM LINE UPFRONT Options other than PPE should always be considered first If using PPE, the anchorage is the first thing to consider: ＞ The best equipment won’t matter with an inadequate anchorage ＞ Overall lack of guidance 33
- 4. AGENDA OSHA and ANSIrequirements Main considerations Case studies Closing 44
- 5. LEARNING OBECTIVES Summarize theregulations and standards that address fall protection anchorages List the main items to consider for assessing fall protection anchorages Identify action steps to improve the anchorages at your site 55
- 6. CALL TO ACTION 1.Determine where your fall protection anchorages are: ＞ Certified ＞ Non-certified ＞ Other 2. Evaluate your documentation 3. Use fewer anchorages in the future ＞ Prevention through Design (PtD) 66
- 7. OSHA VS. ANSI OSHA VS. ANSI Is the law Voluntary standard Regulations are created Establish state of the art through the legislative requirements and are process created by experts from all Significant challenge in sides of the industry, creating and updating sometimes including OSHA regulations 77
- 8. OSHA REGULATIONS Anchorages shallbe: ＞ Capable of supporting at least 5,000 pounds per attached worker ＞ Or designed, installed and used under the supervision of a qualified person as part of a complete personal fall protection system maintaining a safety factor of at least two 88
- 9. ANSI Z359.2 STANDARD Non-certifiedanchorages ＞ Shall be capable of supporting at least 5,000 pounds for fall arrest ＞ Designated by a competent person Certified anchorages: ＞ Shall support two times the arresting force ＞ Designed by a qualified person 99
- 10. ANSI Z359.6 STANDARD Drawingsand specifications Equipment, materials, and other design requirements Safety criteria Fall protection system loads and forces Clearances for fall arrest systems Design assumptions and analytical methods 1010
- 11. TYPES OF ANCHORAGES Systemtypes ＞ Fall arrest ＞ Work positioning ＞ Travel restraint ＞ Horizontal lifeline ＞ Rescue Options ＞ Certified vs. non-certified 1111
- 12. ANCHORAGE V. ANCHORAGECONNECTOR 1212
- 13. ANCHORAGE V. ANCHORAGECONNECTOR Anchorage Connector Anchorage 1313
- 14. AGENDA OSHA and ANSIrequirements Main considerations Case studies Closing 1414
- 15. MAIN CONSIDERATIONS Strength Serviceability ＞Fall clearance ＞ Consistency of options ＞ Compatibility ＞ Procedures ＞ Installation 1515
- 16. STRENGTH AND SERVICEABILITY ANSIZ359.6-2009 ＞ Best resource ＞ Considers types of multiple worker falls ANSI Z359.2-2007 ＞ Certified: 2 times the arresting force for fall arrest ＞ Non-certified: 5,000 pounds for fall arrest 1616
- 17. STRENGTH AND SERVICEABILITY Don’t ＞Have a competent person designate a 5,000-pound anchorage without any guidance ＞ Have a P.E. without fall protection experience designate anchorages ＞ Assume a Qualified Person has expertise to understand strength aspects ＞ Forget documentation 1717
- 18. FALL CLEARANCE Horizontal lifelineon a roof 1818
- 19. FALL CLEARANCE Rigid railon a roof 1919
- 20.
- 21. FALL CLEARANCE Anchorage ator below feet 2121
- 22.
- 23. USE OF EQUIPMENT Consistency ＞ Fewer options is generally better ＞ Use and limitations Compatibility ＞ Geometric ＞ Environmental ＞ Capacity 2323
- 24. PROCEDURES Requirements ＞ OSHA:“…designed, installed and used…” ＞ Per ANSI Z359.2, section 4 Overall ＞ Do they exist? ＞ Are they written and available? ＞ Are they specific to the system? ＞ Do they address rescue? 2424
- 25. INSTALLATION Consider fall protectionfor the person installing the system Load testing ＞ Existing systems • Testing of individual anchorages can be impractical • Target load to be carefully determined by a qualified person ＞ New systems • Horizontal lifeline – swaged fitting test • Horizontal lifeline – system load test ＞ Anchorage connectors vs. system components 2525
- 26. AGENDA OSHA and ANSIrequirements Main considerations Case studies Closing 2626
- 27. CASE STUDY #1 CANNOTPUBLICLY SHARE PHOTO Installation concerns ＞ Baseplate with sizeable adhesive anchorages in each corner ＞ Stainless steel eyebolt at center of baseplate 2727
- 28. THE DIFFERENCE ISLIFE V. DEATH CANNOT PUBLICLY SHARE PHOTO Load testing ＞ System failed at just over 1,000 pounds, even though it was designed for 5,000 pounds 2828
- 29. ADEQUATE ANCHORAGE? CANNOT PUBLICLYSHARE PHOTO Installation concerns ＞ Anchorage designed to be attached to building column ＞ Instead, used adhesive to attach it to masonry wall 2929
- 30. ADEQUATE ANCHORAGE? CANNOT PUBLICLYSHARE PHOTO Installation concerns ＞ Baseplate supposed to be attached to concrete roof deck ＞ Instead, anchorages connected to topping concrete 3030
- 31. ADEQUATE ANCHORAGE? 3131
- 32. CASE STUDY #2– STRENGTH CANNOT PUBLICLY SHARE PHOTO Strength concerns ＞ Observed rope attached to steel step 3232
- 33. I WONDER WHATTHIS IS FOR . . . CANNOT PUBLICLY SHARE PHOTO Strength concerns ＞ Tied off to a system used for window cleaning • Not strong enough for active fall protection or window cleaning tie back 3333
- 34. CASE STUDY #2 CANNOTPUBLICLY SHARE PHOTO Strength concerns ＞ Wire rope through hole in bottom chord of angle from roof structure ＞ Had stamped calculations from PE allowing use for two workers • Not strong enough for those loads • Not enough documentation 3434
- 35. CASE STUDY #3 CANNOTPUBLICLY SHARE PHOTO Swing fall and clearance issues ＞ Lift system with guardrail • Workers lean out over guardrail to perform work • Good anchorage and equipment, but not enough clearance – Would hit ground before system engages 3535
- 36. CASE STUDY #4 CANNOTPUBLICLY SHARE PHOTO Lack of procedures ＞ Workers attaching fall restraint to warning line cable, rather than run pole 3636
- 37. AGENDA OSHA and ANSIrequirements Main considerations Case studies Closing 3737
- 38. SHORT ANSWER 1. Besidesstrength, what is your biggest concern with anchorages? 2. Why do you think anchorages are an often overlooked aspect of fall protection? 3. What do you do if you cannot find a qualified person? 3838
- 39. CALL TO ACTION 1.Determine where your fall protection anchorages are: ＞ Certified ＞ Non-certified ＞ Other 2. Evaluate your documentation 3. Use fewer anchorages in the future ＞ Prevention through Design (PtD) 3939
- 40. ASSESSING FALL PROTECTION ANCHORAGES THOMAS E. KRAMER, P.E., C.S.P. - PRINCIPAL TKramer@LJBInc.com; Phone: (937) 259-5120 KIM MESSER, KMesser@LJBInc.com; Phone: (937) 259-5000 LJB University™ has been approved as an Authorized Provider by the International Association for Continuing Education and Training (IACET), 1760 Old Meadow Road, Suite 500, McLean, VA 22102. .
Editor's Notes
- #3 Discuss how I love fall protection. While it is something that is just a part of your job, I, as well as many other at LJB, have dedicated our career to this topic. That is the reasons you see that I am registered as a PE and CSP. In fp, you never have a project that is completely safety or completely engineering. No matter what the solution, there are always aspects of both that need to be considered. For example for a personal fall arrest system, there are obvious structural aspects like the design of the rail or horizontal lifeline to which you attach, the connection to thee building structure, the building structure itself. On the other hand, making sure that a fall arrest system should even be used, is a safety related item. Same as specifying the correct equipment, procedures and training.
- #8 Trend
- #12 We are already talking about anchorages, so “of anchorages” is redundant.
- #30 2b. Side pull on eye bolt and epoxy anchor not installed correctly.
- #31 2b. Side pull on eye bolt and epoxy anchor not installed correctly.
- #33 The next 15 or so pictures are from a project we did for a government facility in Michigan We were hired to identify, evaluate and prioritize, then abate their worst hazards. Most of the pictures are “before” pictures I want you to see some of the common hazards and think about how easy it would have been to simply design out the fall hazard before the buildings were ever built.
- #34 The next 15 or so pictures are from a project we did for a government facility in Michigan We were hired to identify, evaluate and prioritize, then abate their worst hazards. Most of the pictures are “before” pictures I want you to see some of the common hazards and think about how easy it would have been to simply design out the fall hazard before the buildings were ever built.