The activated sludge process uses microorganisms to break down organic matter in wastewater. Raw wastewater enters an aeration tank where microbes consume organic matter, producing new cell growth. The mixture is then sent to a clarifier where microbes are separated from treated water. Excess sludge is removed for drying. Key parameters include mixed liquor suspended solids, which must be maintained at optimal levels for effective treatment. The process requires less space than lagoon systems and can produce effluent that meets standards.