discription of diverse chemical analysis methods of carbohydrates. Titration Methods (Lane-Eynon method), Gravimetric Methods (Munson and Walker method) ,Molisch’s Test,Benedict Test,Barfoed’s Test,Seliwanoff’s Test,Bial’s Test,Iodine Test,Osazone Test,Fehling’s Test,Tollen’s Test,Moore’s Test (Action of Alkali on Sugars),HYDROLYSIS TEST FOR SUCROSE
توضیخ روش های مختلف آنالیز شیمیایی کربوهیدرات ها
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
discription of diverse chemical analysis methods of carbohydrates. Titration Methods (Lane-Eynon method), Gravimetric Methods (Munson and Walker method) ,Molisch’s Test,Benedict Test,Barfoed’s Test,Seliwanoff’s Test,Bial’s Test,Iodine Test,Osazone Test,Fehling’s Test,Tollen’s Test,Moore’s Test (Action of Alkali on Sugars),HYDROLYSIS TEST FOR SUCROSE
توضیخ روش های مختلف آنالیز شیمیایی کربوهیدرات ها
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
The document discusses various AI tools from OpenAI like GPT-3 and DALL-E 2, as well as ChatGPT. It explores how search engines are using AI and things to consider around AI-generated content. Potential SEO uses of ChatGPT are also presented, such as generating content at scale, conducting topic research, and automating basic coding tasks. The document encourages further reading on using ChatGPT for SEO purposes.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...DevGAMM Conference
Has your project been caught in a storm of deadlines, clashing requirements, and the need to change course halfway through? If yes, then check out how the administration team navigated through all of this, relocating 160 people from 3 countries and opening 2 offices during the most turbulent time in the last 20 years. Belka Games’ Chief Administrative Officer, Katerina Rudko, will share universal approaches and life hacks that can help your project survive unstable periods when there seem to be too many tasks and a lack of time and people.
This presentation was designed to provide strategic recommendations for a brand in decline. The deck also incorporates a situational assessment, including a brand identity, positioning, architecture, and portfolio strategy for the Brand.
Presentation originally created for NYU Stern's Brand Strategy course. Design by Erica Santiago & Chris Alexander.
Good Stuff Happens in 1:1 Meetings: Why you need them and how to do them wellSaba Software
According to the latest State of the American Manager report from Gallup, employees who have regular meetings with their managers are almost three times as likely to be engaged as those who don’t. These regular check-ins keep managers and employees in sync and aligned. Want to see better manager/employee relationships in your organisation? Then make an all-in commitment to 1:1 meetings. Not sure how? You’ve come to the right place.
In this webinar with Jamie Resker, Founder and Practice Leader for Employee Performance Solutions (EPS), and Teala Wilson, Talent Management Consultant at Saba Software, you’ll get the inside track on how to hold effective 1:1 meetings, including tips for getting managers on board.
• Go beyond discussing the status of everyday work to higher level topics, including recognition, performance, development, and career aspirations
• Learn how to decide meeting frequency, what to cover, as well as roles and responsibilities of the manager and employee
• Understand how managers can build trust and make it comfortable for employees to provide upward feedback
• Unite your organisation with a unified approach to 1:1 meetings
Join us for this 1-hour webinar to get practical tips for building better manager-employee relationships with intention and purpose.
About the Speakers
Jamie Resker - Founder and Practice Leader for Employee Performance Solutions (EPS)
Jamie Resker, Practice Leader and Founder of Employee Performance Solutions, is a recognized innovator in performance management. She is the originator of the-the Performance Continuum Feedback Method® and Conversations to Optimize Employee Performance training program; tools and training that reshape communications between managers and employees to drive and align performance. Jamie is on the faculty for the Northeast Human Resources Association, is a contributor to Halogen Software's Talent Space Blog, and is an editorial advisory board member for HR Examiner.
Teala Wilson - Senior Consultant, Strategic Services, Saba Software
Teala is a Talent Management Consultant at Halogen Software, now a part of Saba Software. She has worked with teams on a national and global level supporting human resources in areas such as performance management, recruitment, employee benefit programs, training and talent development, workforce planning and internal communications. Teala also has a personal passion for visual arts and design.
Want to learn more? Join us for an upcoming Product Tour!
http://bit.ly/2yitfqu
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
The document discusses various AI tools from OpenAI like GPT-3 and DALL-E 2, as well as ChatGPT. It explores how search engines are using AI and things to consider around AI-generated content. Potential SEO uses of ChatGPT are also presented, such as generating content at scale, conducting topic research, and automating basic coding tasks. The document encourages further reading on using ChatGPT for SEO purposes.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
Ride the Storm: Navigating Through Unstable Periods / Katerina Rudko (Belka G...DevGAMM Conference
Has your project been caught in a storm of deadlines, clashing requirements, and the need to change course halfway through? If yes, then check out how the administration team navigated through all of this, relocating 160 people from 3 countries and opening 2 offices during the most turbulent time in the last 20 years. Belka Games’ Chief Administrative Officer, Katerina Rudko, will share universal approaches and life hacks that can help your project survive unstable periods when there seem to be too many tasks and a lack of time and people.
This presentation was designed to provide strategic recommendations for a brand in decline. The deck also incorporates a situational assessment, including a brand identity, positioning, architecture, and portfolio strategy for the Brand.
Presentation originally created for NYU Stern's Brand Strategy course. Design by Erica Santiago & Chris Alexander.
Good Stuff Happens in 1:1 Meetings: Why you need them and how to do them wellSaba Software
According to the latest State of the American Manager report from Gallup, employees who have regular meetings with their managers are almost three times as likely to be engaged as those who don’t. These regular check-ins keep managers and employees in sync and aligned. Want to see better manager/employee relationships in your organisation? Then make an all-in commitment to 1:1 meetings. Not sure how? You’ve come to the right place.
In this webinar with Jamie Resker, Founder and Practice Leader for Employee Performance Solutions (EPS), and Teala Wilson, Talent Management Consultant at Saba Software, you’ll get the inside track on how to hold effective 1:1 meetings, including tips for getting managers on board.
• Go beyond discussing the status of everyday work to higher level topics, including recognition, performance, development, and career aspirations
• Learn how to decide meeting frequency, what to cover, as well as roles and responsibilities of the manager and employee
• Understand how managers can build trust and make it comfortable for employees to provide upward feedback
• Unite your organisation with a unified approach to 1:1 meetings
Join us for this 1-hour webinar to get practical tips for building better manager-employee relationships with intention and purpose.
About the Speakers
Jamie Resker - Founder and Practice Leader for Employee Performance Solutions (EPS)
Jamie Resker, Practice Leader and Founder of Employee Performance Solutions, is a recognized innovator in performance management. She is the originator of the-the Performance Continuum Feedback Method® and Conversations to Optimize Employee Performance training program; tools and training that reshape communications between managers and employees to drive and align performance. Jamie is on the faculty for the Northeast Human Resources Association, is a contributor to Halogen Software's Talent Space Blog, and is an editorial advisory board member for HR Examiner.
Teala Wilson - Senior Consultant, Strategic Services, Saba Software
Teala is a Talent Management Consultant at Halogen Software, now a part of Saba Software. She has worked with teams on a national and global level supporting human resources in areas such as performance management, recruitment, employee benefit programs, training and talent development, workforce planning and internal communications. Teala also has a personal passion for visual arts and design.
Want to learn more? Join us for an upcoming Product Tour!
http://bit.ly/2yitfqu
4. Principle:
Hydrogen ions present in a sample as a
result of dissociation or hydrolysis of
solutes react with additions of standard
alkali.
Acidity thus depends on the endpoint pH or
indicator used.
The construction of a titration curve by
recording sample pH after successive small
measured additions of titrant permits
identification of inflection points and
buffering capacity, if any, and allows the
acidity to be determined with respect to
any pH of interest.
In the titration of a single acidic species, as
in the standardization of reagents, the most
accurate endpoint is obtained from the
inflection point of a titration curve. The
inflection point is the pH at which curvature
changes from convex to concave or vice
versa.
اصولکار:
یونهایهیدروژندریکنمونهبهعلت
تجزیهویاهیدرولیزنمکهایموجود
باقلیایاضافهشدهواکنشنشان
میدهند.
لذااسیدیتهبستگیبهpHنقطهیویا
معرفشیمیاییمورداستفادهدارد.
رسممنحنیتیتراسیونباثبتpHنمونه
پسازاضافهکردنپیدرپیمقادیرکوچک
تیترانت(محلولقلیایاستانداردشده)
بهماتواناییاندازهگیریاسیدیتهو
ظرفیتبافر،درصورتوجود،رامیدهد.
همچنیناسیدیتهبرایرسیدنبههرpH
موردعالقه.
درتیتراسیونیکگونهاسیدواحد،مانند
استانداردسازی،بقیهیواکنشگرها
9. General Type Example Features of Curve
Strong Acid
added to
Strong Base
HCl(aq) added to
NaOH(aq)Calculate
a Titration Curve
•Curve begins at high pH, a basic pH
•Curve ends ends at low pH, an acidic pH.
•Rapid change in pH near the equivalence point.
•pH = 7 at the equivalence point.
Strong Base
added to
Strong Acid
NaOH(aq) added to
HCl(aq)Calculate a
Titration Curve
•Curve begins at low pH, an acidic pH
•Curve ends ends at high pH, a basic pH.
•Rapid change in pH near the equivalence point.
•pH = 7 at the equivalence point.
Strong Base
added to
Weak Acid
NaOH(aq) added to
acetic acid,
CH3COOH(aq)
(determination of
acetic acid in
vinegar)
•Curve begins at low pH, an acidic pH
•Curve ends ends at high pH, a basic pH.
•Rapid change in pH near the equivalence point.
•pH > 7 at the equivalence point.
Weak Base
added to
Strong Acid
Ammonia, NH3(aq),
added to HCl(aq)
•Curve begins at low pH, an acidic pH
•Curve ends ends at high pH, a basic pH.
•Rapid change in pH near the equivalence point.
•pH < 7 at the equivalence point.
Weak Base
added to
Weak Acid
Ammonia, NH3(aq),
added to acetic
acid, CH3COOH(aq)
•Curve begins at low pH, an acidic pH
•Curve ends ends at high pH, a basic pH.
•No dramatic change in pH near the equivalence
point.
This means this is a very difficult titration to
perform.
•pH at the equivalence point will depend on the
relative strengths of the acid and base used.
10. Because accurate identification of inflection
points may be difficult or impossible in
buffered or complex mixtures, the titration in
such cases is carried to an arbitrary endpoint
pH based on practical considerations.
For routine control titrations or rapid
preliminary estimates of acidity, the color
change of an indicator may be used for the
endpoint.
Samples of industrial wastes, acid mine
drainage, or other solutions that contain
appreciable amounts of hydrolyzable metal
ions such as iron, aluminum, or manganese
are treated with hydrogen peroxide to
ensure oxidation of any reduced forms of
polyvalent cations, and boiled to hasten
hydrolysis.
Acidity results may be highly variable
if this procedure is not followed exactly.
ازآنجاکهشناساییدقیقنقاطعطفدر
تیتراسیونممکناستدشواریاغیرممکن
باشد(درمحلولهایبافریامخلوطهای
پیچیده)درچنینمواردینقطهیپایانی
تیتراسیونبنابهمالحظاتعملی
میتواندتارسیدنبهpHمعینیادامه
پیداکند.
برایکنترلهایمعمول،وتکرارییا
برآوردهایاولیهیسریعازاسیدیته،
تیتراسیونهایتغییررنگیکشناساگر
براینقطهپایانیمیتواندمورد
استفادهقرارگیرد.
نمونههایپسابهایصنعتی،آبزهکشی
معادن،ویامحلولهایدیگرکهحاوی
مقادیریازفلزاتقابلهیدرولیزمانند
آهن،آلومینیوم،یامنگنزهستندباید
باپراکسیدهیدروژنواکنشدادهشوند
تااطمینانحاصلشودکهاین
11. Endpoints:
Ideally the endpoint of the acidity titration
should correspond to the stoichiometric
equivalence point for neutralization of acids
present.
The pH at the equivalence point will depend on the
sample, the choice among multiple inflection
points, and the intended use of the data.
Dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) usually is the major
acidic component of unpolluted surface waters;
handle samples from such sources carefully to
minimize the loss of dissolved gases.
In a sample containing only carbon dioxide-
bicarbonates-carbonates, titration to pH 8.3 at
25°C corresponds to stoichiometric neutralization
of carbonic acid to bicarbonate.
Because the color change of phenolphthalein
indicator is close to pH 8.3, this value generally is
accepted as a standard endpoint for titration of
total acidity, including CO2 and most weak acids.
Metacresol purple also has an endpoint at pH 8.3
and gives a sharper color change.
نقاطپایانی:
درحالتایدهآلنقطهپایانیتیتراسیون
اسیدیتهبایدبانقطههمارزیاستویکیومتری
برایخنثیسازیاسیدهاتطابقنماید.
pHدرنقطههمارزیبستگیبهنمونه،انتخاب
بیننقاطمتعددعطفوهدفازانجامآزمایش
دارد.
دیاکسیدکربنحلشده(CO2)امعمولعمدهترین
اسیدیستکهدرآبهایسطحیآلودهنشدهیافت
میشود.درنمونهگیریازچنینمنابعیبایست
دقتنمودتاازدستدادنگازهایحلشدهبه
حداقلرساندهشود.
دریکنمونهکهتنهاحاویدیاکسیدکربن-
بیکربنات-کربنات،استتیتراسیونبهpH
8.3در25درجهسانتیگرادمربوطازنظر
استویکیومتریبانقطهیخنثیسازیاسید
کربنیکبهبیکربناتتطابقدارد.
چونpHتغییررنگشناساگرفنولفتالئین
نزدیکبه8.3است،اینمقداربهطورکلیبه
عنواننقطهپایانیاستانداردبرایتیتراسیون
12. For more complex mixtures or buffered
solutions selection of an inflection point
may be subjective.
Consequently, use fixed endpoints
of pH 3.7 and pH 8.3 for standard acidity
determinations via a potentiometric
titration in wastewaters and natural
waters where the simple carbonate
equilibria discussed above cannot be
assumed.
Bromphenol blue has a sharp color change
at its endpoint of 3.7.
The resulting titrations are identified,
traditionally, as
“methyl orange acidity” (pH 3.7)
and
“phenolphthalein” or total acidity (pH 8.3)
regardless of the actual method of
measurement.
برایمخلوطهایپیچیدهتریامحلولهای
بافر،انتخابیکنقطهعطفبستهبه
موقعیتونمونهدارد.
ولیبرایتعییننقاطپایانیاسیدیته
ازطریقتیتراسیونپتانسیومتریدر
فاضالبهاوآبهایطبیعیکه(دارای
فرمهایمختلفکربناتنیستند)ازنقاط
پایانیpHثابت3.7و8.3استفاده
کنید.
برومفنولبلودرنقطهپایانیخود
تغییررنگتیزیدارد.
نتیجهیتیتراسیونهایسنتیبهطور
معمولبهعنوان
"متیلرانژدر ُاpH۳/۷"
13. Interferences:
Dissolved gases contributing to acidity or
alkalinity, such as CO2, hydrogen sulfide, or
ammonia, may be lost or gained during
sampling, storage, or titration.
Minimize such effects by titrating to the
endpoint promptly after opening sample
container, avoiding vigorous shaking or mixing,
protecting sample from the atmosphere during
titration, and letting sample become no
warmer than it was at collection.
In the potentiometric titration, oily matter,
suspended solids, precipitates, or other waste
matter may coat the glass electrode and
cause a sluggish response. Difficulty from this
source is likely to be revealed in an erratic
titration curve. Do not remove interferences
from sample because they may contribute to
its acidity. Briefly pause between titrant
additions to let electrodecome to equilibrium
or clean the electrodes occasionally.
تداخالت:
گازهایمحلولدرآبمانندCO2،سولفید
هیدروژنیاآمونیاک،ممکناستبهاسیدیته
اضافهنمایند.اینگازهادرهنگام
نمونهبرداریوانتقالوذخیرهسازیدر
آزمایشگاهممکناستازدستبروندویا
بهنمونهاضافهشوند.
برایبهحداقلرساندناینمواردباید
تیترکردنبهنقطهپایانیبیدرنگپسازباز
کردنظرفنمونهانجامشود.همچنیناجتناب
ازتکاندادنشدیدویامخلوطکردن،حفاظت
نمونهازجودرطولتیتراسیون،واجازه
ندادنبهگرمترشدننمونهازآنچهکه
هستازاقداماتپیشگیرانهاست.
درتیتراسیونپتانسیومتری،موادروغنی،
جامداتمعلق،رسوباتویاموادزائددیگر
ممکناستالکترودشیشهایراپوششدادهو
14. In samples containing oxidizable or
hydrolyzable ions such as ferrous or ferric
iron, aluminum, and manganese, the
reaction rates at room temperature may
be slow enough to cause drifting
endpoints.
Do not use indicator titrations with
colored or turbid samples that may
obscure the color change at the endpoint.
Residual free available chlorine in the
sample may bleach the indicator.
Eliminate this source of interference by
adding 1 drop of
0.1M sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3).
درنمونههایحاوییونهایاکسیدیا
هیدرولیزشدنیازقبیلآهن،فروآهن
فریک،آلومینیوم،ومنگنزنرخواکنش
دردمایاتاقممکناستبهاندازهای
آهستهباشدکهمنجربهانتقالنقاط
واقعیپایانیبهجایدیگرازمنحنی
تیتراسیونشود.
ازشناساگرهایرنگیبراینمونههای
کدرورنگیاستفادهنکنید،چونممکن
استتغییررنگرادرنقطهپایانیمبهم
کنند.
باقیماندهکلرآزادموجوددرنمونه
ممکناسترنگشناساگرراکمکندیا
ازبینببرد.برایحذفاینمزاحمت
16. Determine sample acidity from the
volume of standard alkali required to titrate a
portion to a pH of 8.3 (phenolphthalein
acidity) or pH 3.7 (methyl orange acidity of
wastewaters and grossly polluted waters).
Titrate at room temperature using a properly
calibrated pH meter, electrically operated
titrator, or color indicators.
Use the hot peroxide procedure (2310B.4a) to
pretreat samples known or suspected to
contain hydrolyzable metal ions or reduced
forms of polyvalent cation, such as iron
pickle liquors, acid mine drainage, and other
industrial wastes.
Color indicators may be used for routine and
control titrations in the absence of interfering
color and turbidity and for preliminary
titrations to select sample size and strength
of titrant (2310B.4b).
تعییناسیدیتهینمونهراازحجمقلیای
استانداردموردنیازبرایتیترکردنبهpH
۳/8(اسیدیتهفنولفتالئین)یاpH۷/۳
(اسیدیتهرانژ ُمتیلا)برایفاضالبهاوآب
هایآلودهبهدستآورید.
تیترکردنرادردمایاتاقبااستفادهاز
pHمتر(کهبهدرستیکالیبرهشده)،یابا
تیتراتوراتوماتیک،یامعرفهایرنگی
انجامدهید.
استفادهازروشپراکسیدداغ(2310B.4a)
برایفراورینمونههاییکهمشکوکبهمحتوای
فلزاتهیدرولیزشدنیهستندویااحیای
اشکالیازکاتیونهایچندظرفیتی،مانندپساب
،حاصلازفرایندتولیدآهنزهکشیاسیدی
معادن،ودیگرپسابهایصنعتی.
شاخصهایرنگیبرایتیتراسیونهایروتینو
18. The range of acidities found in wastewaters
is so large that a single sample size and
normality of base used as titrant cannot be
specified.
Use a sufficiently large volume of titrant (20
mL or more from a 50-mL buret) to obtain
relatively good volumetric precision while
keeping sample volume sufficiently small to
permit sharp endpoints.
For samples having acidities less than about
1000 mg as CaCO3/L, select a volume with
less than 50 mg CaCO3 equivalent acidity
and titrate with 0.02N NaOH.
For acidities greater than about 1000 mg as
CaCO3/L, use a portion containing acidity
equivalent to less than 250 mg CaCO3 and
titrate with 0.1N NaOH. If necessary, make a
preliminary titration to determine optimum
sample size and/or normality of titrant.
دامنهاسیدیتهدرفاضالبهاخیلیبزرگاست
کهنمیتوانتنهایکاندازهبراینمونهو
یکغلظتبرایتیترانتتوصیهنمود.
لذاحجمبزرگیازتیترانترااستفاده
نماییدتادقتدرکاربالرود(حدود
۲۰الی50میلیلیتر)ودرعینحال
ازکمترینمقدارنمونهاستفادهنمایید
تانقطهیپایانیتمیزوتیزیداشته
باشید.
براینمونههاییکهاسیدیتهیکمتراز1000
ppmکربناتکلسیم،دارندمقداریازنمونه
راانتخابکنیدکهاحدوداحاویاز50mg
اسیدیته(کربناتکلسیم)باشدوغلظت
تیترانتراهم0/02نرمالسدیم
هیدروکسید(NaOH)انتخابنمایید.
برایاسیدیتههایبیشترازحدوداز1000
ppmکربناتکلسیم،دارندمقداریازنمونه
20. Collect samples in polyethylene or
borosilicate glass bottles and store at a low
temperature.
Fill bottles completely and cap tightly.
Because waste samples may be subject to
microbial action and to loss or gain of CO2
or other gases.
When exposed to air, analyze samples
without delay, preferably within 1 d.
If biological activity is suspected, analyze
within 6 h.
Avoid sample agitation and prolonged
exposure to air.
=====================================
Quality control (QC):
The QC practices considered to be an
integral part of each method are
summarized in Tables 2020:I and II.
نمونهگیریبایددربطریهایپلیاتیلن
یاشیشهایborosilicateانجامگیردو
ذخیرهسازیدردمایپایین.باشد
بطریهاراکامالپرکنیدودربآنرا
،محکمببندیدچوننمونههاممکناستدر
معرضفعالیتمیکروبیبودهودرطیآن
بهازدستدادنویابهدستآوردنCO2ویا
گازهایدیگرمنجرشود.
زمانیکهنمونهدرمعرضهواست،آنالیزها
بایدبدونتاخیر،ترجیحاظرفیکروز
انجامشود.اگرمشکوکبهفعالیت
بیولوژیکیهستیدآنالیزهابایدحداکثر
6ساعتانجامشود.
ازقرارگرفتنطولنیمدتنمونهدرمعرض
هوااجتنابنمودهوازهمخوردنآن
جلوگیریشود.
=================================
21. a. Electrometric titrator: Use any commercial pH meter or
electrically operated titrator that uses a glass electrode
and can
be read to 0.05 pH unit. Standardize and calibrate
according to
the manufacturer’s instructions. Pay special attention to
temperature compensation and electrode care. If
automatic temperature compensation is not provided,
titrate at 25 5°C.
b. Titration vessel: The size and form will depend on the
electrodes and the sample size. Keep the free space
above the
sample as small as practicable, but allow room for titrant
and full immersion of the indicating portions of electrodes.
For conventional-sized electrodes, use a 200-mL, tall-form
Berzelius beaker without a spout. Fit beaker with a
stopper having three holes, to accommodate the two
electrodes and the buret. With a miniaturecombination
glass-reference electrode use a 125-mL or 250-mL
Erlenmeyer flask with a two-hole stopper.
c. Magnetic stirrer.
d. Pipets, volumetric.
e. Flasks, volumetric, 1000-, 200-, 100-mL.
f. Burets, borosilicate glass, 50-, 25-, 10-mL.
g. Polyolefin bottle, 1-L.
تیتراتورالکترومتریک:ا
ستفادهازهرpHمترتجاریویاتیتراتورعملالکتریکیاستکهبااستفادهاز
الکترودشیشهایومیتواندبه0.05واحدpHخواندهمیشود.استانداردسازی
وکالیبرهکردنباتوجهبهدستورالعملهایتولیدکننده.توجهویژهبهدماجبران
خسارتومراقبتازالکترود.اگردمایخودکارجبرانخسارتارائهنشدهاست،
تیتراتدر25 5درجهسانتیگراد.
ب.رگتیتراسیون:اندازهوفرمبستگیبهالکترودهاوحجمنمونه.نگهداشتن
فضایآزادباالترازنمونهبهعنوانکوچکبهعنوانقابلتمرین،امااجازهمی
دهداتاقبرایتیترانتوکاملغوطهورشدنبخشهاینشاندهندهالکترودها.
برايمعمولي...
الکترودهایبهاندازه،استفادهاز200میلیال،بلندفرمBeaker Berzelius
بدونپرتشدن.مناسبbeakerبااستوپرداشتنسهسوراخ،بهجایدو
الکترودوburet.بامینیاتورترکیبشیشهمرجعالکتروداستفادهاز125میلیال
یا250میلیالErlenmeyer flask with a two-hole stopper.
ج-مغناطیسی همزن.
d. Pipets, volumetric.
ابراهیم.Flasks, volumetric, 1000-, 200-, 100-mL.
فاطمه.Burets, borosilicate glass, 50-, 25-, 10-mL.
G.،اولفین پلی بطری1-L.
22. 3. Reagents
a. Carbon dioxide-free water: Prepare all stock and standard
solutions and dilution water for the standardization procedure
with
distilled or deionized water that has been freshly boiled for 15
min
and cooled to room temperature. The final pH of the water should
be 6.0 and its conductivity should be 2 mhos/cm.
b. Potassium hydrogen phthalate solution, approximately
0.05N: Crush 15 to 20 g primary standard KHC8H4O4 to about
100 mesh and dry at 120°C for 2 h. Cool in a desiccator. Weigh
10.0 0.5 g (to the nearest mg), transfer to a 1-L volumetric
flask, and dilute to 1000 mL.
c. Standard sodium hydroxide titrant, 0.1N: Prepare solution
approximately 0.1N as indicated under Preparation of Desk
Reagents. Standardize by titrating 40.00 mL KHC8H4O4 solution
(3b), using a 25-mL buret. Titrate to the inflection point
(2310B.1a), which should be close to pH 8.7. Calculate normality
of NaOH:
Normality A B204.2 C
where:
A g KHC8H4O4 weighed into 1-L flask,
B mL KHC8H4O4 solution taken for titration, and
C mL NaOH solution used.
Use the measured normality in further calculations or adjust to
۳- Reagents
علي.آببدوندیاکسیدکربن:آمادهسازیتمامسهامواستاندارد
راهحلهاورقیقسازیآببرایروشاستانداردسازیباآبدیونیزهشدهیادیونیزهشده
ايکهبهمدت15دقیقهتازهجوشاندهشدهوتادمایاتاقسردشد. pHنهاییآبباید
باشد6.0وهدایتآنباید2 mhos /سانتیمتر.
ب.پتاسیمهیدروژنمحلولفتاالت،تقریبا0.05N:لهکردن15تا20گرماستاندارداولیه
KHC8H4O4بهحدود
100مشوخشکدر120درجهسانتیگرادبهمدت2ساعت.خنکدریک
desiccator.وزن
10.0 0.5گرم(بهنزدیکترینمیلیگرم)،انتقالبهحجم1 - L
فالسک،ورقیقبه1000میلیال.
ج.،هیدروکسید تیترانت سدیم استاندارد0.1N:حل راه سازی آماده
تقریبا0.1Nداد نشان میز سازی آماده تحت عنوان به
رجنتس.تیتر با استاندارد40.00ال میلیKHC8H4O4حل راه
(3b), using a 25-mL buret.هجوم نقطه به تیترات
(2310B.1a)به نزدیک باید کهpH 8.7باشد.بودن نرمال محاسبه
ازNaOH:نرمالA B
204.2 C
آن:
گرم یکKHC8H4O4فالسک به1-L،داشت وزن
B mL KHC8H4O4و ،تیتراسیون برای شده گرفته حل راهC mL NaOHاستفاده محلول
شود می.به تنظیم یا و بیشتر محاسبات در شده گیری اندازه نرمال از استفاده
0.1000N; 1میلیL 5.00گرم میلیCaCO3.
23. d. Standard sodium hydroxide titrant, 0.02N: Dilute 200
mL
0.1N NaOH to 1000 mL and store in a polyolefin bottle
protected from atmospheric CO2 by a soda lime tube or
tight cap. Standardize against KHC8H4O4 as directed in ¶ c
above, using 15.00
mL KHC8H4O4 solution and a 50-mL buret. Calculate
normality
(¶ c above); 1 mL 1.00 mg CaCO3.
e. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 30%.
f. Bromphenol blue indicator solution, pH 3.7 indicator:
Dissolve
100 mg bromphenol blue, sodium salt, in 100 mL water.
g. Metacresol purple indicator solution, pH 8.3 indicator:
Dissolve 100 mg metacresol purple in 100 mL water.
h. Phenolphthalein indicator solution, alcoholic, pH 8.3
indicator.
i. Sodium thiosulfate, 0.1M: Dissolve 25 g Na2S2O3 5H2O
and dilute to 1000 mL with distilled water.
d.استانداردسدیمتیترانتهیدروکسید, 0.02N:رقیق200میلیال
0.1N NaOHبه1000میلیلیتروذخیرهدریکبطریپلیاولفینمحافظتشده
ازCO2اتمسفرتوسطیکلولهآهکسوداویاکالهتنگ.استاندارددربرابر
KHC8H4O4بهعنواندر¶جباالکارگردانی,بااستفادهاز15.00mL
KHC8H4O4راهحلوبورت50میلیال.محاسبهنرمالبودن
(¶ c above); 1میلیL 1.00میلیگرمCaCO3.
ابراهیم.پراکسیدهیدروژن(H2O2)،30٪.
.محلولشاخصآبیبرومبنول،شاخصpH 3.7:حل
100میلیگرمبرومبنولآبی،نمکسدیم،در100میلیلیترآب.
G.محلولشاخصبنفشمتاکرسول،شاخصpH 8.3:
100میلیگرممتاسرسولبنفشرادر100میلیلیترآبحلکنید.
حسین.محلولشاخصفنولفتالین،الکلی،شاخصpH 8.3.
i.سدیمتیوسولفت, 0.1M:حل25گرمNa2S2O3 5H2O
ورقیقبه1000میلیالباآبهایرقیق.
24. 4. Procedure
If sample is free from hydrolyzable metal ions and
reduced
forms of polyvalent cations, proceed with analysis
according to
¶s b, c, or d below. If sample is known or suspected to
contain
such substances, below pretreat according to ¶ a below.
a. Hot peroxide treatment: Pipet a suitable sample (see
2310B.1e)
into titration flasks. Measure pH. If pH is above 4.0 add 5-
mL
increments of 0.02N sulfuric acid (H2SO4) (Section
2320B.3c) to
reduce pH to 4 or less. Remove electrodes. Add 5 drops
30% H2O2
and boil for 2 to 5 min. Cool to room temperature and
titrate with
standard alkali to pH 8.3 according to the procedure of ¶ d
below.
4.روش
اگرنمونهازیونهايفلزيهیدرولیزلآزادباشدوکاهشیافتهباشد
اشکالازcationsچندواله،ادامهباتجزیهوتحلیلباتوجهبه
¶s b, c, or d below.اگرنمونهشناختهشدهاستویامشکوکبهحاوی
چنینموادی،زیرپیشدرمانباتوجهبه¶زیر.
علي.درمانپراکسیدداغ: Pipetیکنمونهمناسب(نگاهکنیدبه2310B.1e)
بهفالسکهایتیتراسیون. pHرااندازهگیریکنید.اگرpHباالتراز4.0اضافه
کردن5میلیمیلیال
افزایش0.02N sulfuricاسید(H2SO4) (بخش2320B.3c)به
کاهشpHبه4یاکمتر.الکترودهارابردارید.اضافهکردن5قطره30٪H2O2
وبهمدت2تا5دقیقهبجوشانید.خنکبهدمایاتاقوتیتراتبا
آلکالیاستانداردبهpH 8.3باتوجهبهروش¶دزیر.
25. b. Color change: Select sample size and normality of
titrant
according to criteria of 2310B.1e. Adjust sample to room
temperature, if necessary, and with a pipet discharge
sample into anErlenmeyer flask, while keeping pipet tip
near flask bottom. If free residual chlorine is present add
0.05 mL (1 drop)
0.1M Na2S2O3 solution, or destroy with ultraviolet radiation.
Add 0.2 mL (5 drops) indicator solution and titrate over a white
surface to a persistent color change characteristic of the
equivalence point. Commercial indicator solutions or solids
designatedfor the appropriate pH range (3.7 or 8.3) may be
used.
Check color at endpoint by adding the same concentration of
indicator used with sample to a buffer solution at the
designated pH.
ب.تغییررنگ:انتخابحجمنمونهونرمالبودنتیترانت
باتوجهبهمعیارهای2310B.1e.تنظیمنمونهبهدمایاتاق،
درصورتلزوم،وبایکنمونهتخلیهلولهبهیک
فالسکErlenmeyer،درحالیکهنگهداشتننوکpipetدرنزدیکیپایین
فالسک.اگرکلرباقیماندهرایگاندرحالحاضراضافهکردن0.05میلیال
(1قطره)0.1MمحلولNa2S2O3،ویابااشعهماورایبنفشازبینبردن.
اضافهکردن0.2میلیال(5قطره)راهحلشاخصوتیتربیشازسفید
سطحبهرنگپایدارتغییرویژگیهمارزینقطه.راهحلهایشاخصتجاریو
یاموادجامدتعیینشدهبرایمحدودهpHمناسب(3.7یا8.3)ممکناستمورد
استفادهقرارگیرد.
بررسیرنگدرنقطهپایانیبااضافهکردنغلظتمشابهشاخصمورداستفادهبا
نمونهبهیکراهحلبافردرتعیینشده.
26. c. Potentiometric titration curve:
1) Rinse electrodes and titration vessel with distilled water
and
drain. Select sample size and normality of titrant
according to the criteria of 2310B.1e. Adjust sample to
room temperature, if
necessary, and with a pipet discharge sample while
keeping pipet tip near the titration vessel bottom.
2) Measure sample pH. Add standard alkali in increments
of
0.5 mL or less, such that a change of less than 0.2 pH
units
occurs per increment. After each addition, mix thoroughly
but
gently with a magnetic stirrer. Avoid splashing. Record pH
when a constant reading is obtained. Continue adding
titrant and measure pH until pH 9 is reached. Construct
the titration curve by plotting observed pH values versus
cumulative milliliters titrant added. A smooth curve
showing one or more inflections should be obtained. A
ragged or erratic curve may indicate that equilibriumwas
not reached between successive alkali additions.
Determine acidity relative to a particular pH from the
curve.
ج-منحنیتیتراسیونقدرتسنجی:
۱)شستشویالکترودهاورگتیتراسیونباآبتفریحشدهو
تخلیه.انتخابحجمنمونهونرمالبودنتیترانتباتوجهبه
معیارهای2310B.1e.تنظیمنمونهبهدمایاتاق،اگر
الزم،وبایکنمونهتخلیهلولهدرحالیکهنگهداشتنpipet
نوکدرنزدیکیپایینرگتیتراسیون.
2) pHنمونهرااندازهگیریکنید.اضافهکردنآلکالیاستاندارددرافزایش
0.5میلیالیاکمتر،بهگونهایکهتغییرکمتراز0.2واحدpH
درهرافزایشرخمیدهد.پسازهراضافه،مخلوطکاملاما
بهآرامیباهمزنمغناطیسی.ازپاشیدناجتنابکنید.ضبطpHزمانیکه
یکخواندنثابتبهدستمیآید.ادامهاضافهکردنتیترانتواندازهگیری
pHتاpH 9رسیدهاست.ساختمنحنیتیتراسیونتوسط
رسممقادیرpHمشاهدهشدهدرمقابلتیترمیلیلیترتجمعی
افزوده.منحنیصافنشاندادنیکیاچندهجومباید
بهدستمیآید.یکمنحنیناهمواریانامنظمممکناستنشاندهندهتعادلباشد
بیناضافاتپیاپیآلکالیبهدستنمیآمد.
تعییناسیدیتهنسبتبهpHخاصازمنحنی.
27. d. Potentiometric titration to pH 3.7 or 8.3: Prepare sample
and titration assembly as specified in ¶ c1) above. Titrate
to
preselected endpoint pH (2310B.1b) without recording
intermediate
pH values. As the endpoint is approached make smaller
additions of alkali and be sure that pH equilibrium is
reached
before making the next addition.
د.تیتراسیونقدرتسنجیبهpH 3.7یا8.3:آمادهسازینمونه
ومونتاژتیتراسیونبهعنوانمشخصشدهدر¶ c1)باال.تیتراتبه
pHنقطهپایانیازپیشانتخابشده(2310B.1b)بدونضبطمتوسط
pHمقادیر.بانزدیکشدنبهنقطهپایانیکوچکترمیشود
اضافاتازآلکالیومطمئنباشیدکهتعادلpHرسیدهاست
قبلازاینکهاضافهبعدیراانجامدهد.
28. 5. Calculation
Acidity, as mg CaCO3/L
[(A B) (C D)] 50 000
mL sample
where:
A mL NaOH titrant used,
B normality of NaOH,
C mL H2SO4 used (2310B.4a), and
D normality of H2SO4.
Report pH of the endpoint used, as follows: “The acidity to pH
mg CaCO3/L.” If a negative value is obtained,
report the value as negative. The absolute value of this
negative
value should be equivalent to the net alkalinity.
5.محاسبه
اسیدیته،بهعنوانمیلیگرمCaCO3/L
[(A B) (C D)] 50 000
نمونهmL
آن:
یکتیترانتNaOHمیلیالاستفادهمیشود،
BنرمالبودنNaOH،
C mL H2SO4استفادهمیشود(2310B.4a),و
DنرمالH2SO4.
گزارشpHنقطهپایانیاستفادهمیشود،بهعنوانزیر: "اسیدیتهبهpH
mg CaCO3/L."اگرمقدارمنفیبدستآید،
گزارشارزشبهعنوانمنفیاست.مقدارمطلقاینمنفی
مقداربایدمعادلقلیاییخالصباشد.
29. 6. Precision and Bias
No general statement can be made about precision
because of
the great variation in sample characteristics. The precision
of the
titration is likely to be much greater than the uncertainties
involved in sampling and sample handling before analysis.
Forty analysts in 17 laboratories analyzed synthetic water
samples containing increments of bicarbonate equivalent
to
20 mg CaCO3/L. Titration according to the procedure of
2310B.4d gave a standard deviation of 1.8 mg CaCO3/L,
with
negligible bias. Five laboratories analyzed two samples
containing
sulfuric, acetic, and formic acids and aluminum chloride by
the procedures of 2310B.4b and 4d. The mean acidity of
one
sample (to pH 3.7) was 487 mg CaCO3/L, with a standard
deviation of 11 mg/L. The bromphenol blue titration of the
same
sample was 90 mg/L greater, with a standard deviation of
110 mg/L. The other sample had a potentiometric titration
of
547 mg/L, with a standard deviation of 54 mg/L, while the
۶-دقتوسوگیری
هیچبیانیهکلیرانمیتواندرمورددقتبهدلیل
تنوعبزرگدرویژگیهاینمونه.دقت
تیتراسیونبهاحتمالزیادبسیاربیشترازعدمقطعیتهااست
درگیردرنمونهبرداریونمونهدستزدنبهقبلازتجزیهوتحلیل.
چهلتحلیلگردر17آزمایشگاهآبمصنوعیراموردتجزیهوتحلیلقرارداد
نمونههایحاویافزایشبیکربناتمعادل
20میلیگرمCaCO3 / L.تیتراسیونباتوجهبهروش
2310B.4dدادانحرافاستاندارد1.8میلیگرمCaCO3 / L،با
سوگیریناچیز.پنجآزمایشگاهدونمونهحاویآنراموردتجزیهوتحلیلقرارداد
sulfuric, acetic, and formic acids and aluminum chloride by
روشهای2310B.4bو4d.میانگیناسیدیتهیک
نمونه(بهpH 3.7) 487میلیگرمCaCO3 / L،بااستانداردبود
انحراف11میلیگرمدرL.تیتراسیونآبیبرومفنولازهمان
نمونه90میلیگرمدرLبیشتربود،باانحرافاستاندارد
110میلیگرمدرL.نمونهدیگرتیتراسیونقویسنجیداشت
547میلیگرمدرL،باانحرافاستاندارد54میلیگرمدرL،درحالیکه
نتیجهشاخصمربوطه85میلیگرمدرLبیشتربود,باa
انحرافاستاندارد56میلیگرمدرL.تفاوتعمدهبین
نمونههاجایگزینیسیتراتآمونیومفریکبود،در
نمونهدوم،برایبخشیازکلریدآلومینیوم.