Through research, Group #28 discovered that both patients and providers lack education about medical marijuana, leading to confusion about its legal accessibility and prescription practices. Patients may be unwilling to ask about medical marijuana due to stigma, while providers have limited research to guide them due to marijuana's Schedule I classification. Educating patients and providers could increase access to medical marijuana as a treatment option for those who could benefit from an alternative. However, the Schedule I status and varying state laws create ethical dilemmas for providers around recommending it.
Date held: February 12, 2015
Presented by: Deb Davison, Genomic Health
Topics discussed:
The latest in genomic testing and its role in cancer treatment
The most recent results from Genomic Health’s second independent clinical validation study of Oncotype DX® in DCIS patients
Q&A session about the implications of this research
Drug abuse has now become a major public health problem in Nigeria requiring urgent attention. Although drug abuse cut across all age groups, the youths are however the most affected. This study aimed at assessing Community Pharmacists involvement in the rehabilitation of drug abuse victims. The study was carried out in Abuja Municipal Area Council, questionnaires were administered to Community Pharmacists practicing within the Area Council. A total of 176 Community Pharmacists participated in the study, and slightly above a quarter (27.43%) of them had post-graduate degrees. More than three-quarters (79.5%) of the study participants had received training on drug abuse. A total of 89.2% of the study participants had come across persons suspected to be abusing prescription medicines. Almost all (96.6%) of the study participants indicated that they are willing to advise persons suspected to be abusing drugs on the dangers of drug abuse, and 88.1% of the study participants had spoken to clients concerning abuse of prescription medicines. Also, more than three-quarters (80.1%) of the study participants indicated that pharmacists’ role in the prevention of drug abuse is very important. The study has revealed that Community Pharmacists can play an invaluable role in the rehabilitation of drug abuse victims in Nigeria.
This keynote speech was delivered by Janet Freeman-Daily to the IASLC 2017 Chicago Multidisciplinary Symposium in Thoracic Oncology on September 14, 2017.
Existing value frameworks for cancer care omit a key component: patient-defined value. This presentation looks at some patient perspectives on value found in patient-driven research, discusses the importance of shared decision making and goals of care discussions, and shares resources to help clinicians incorporate patient-defined value in cancer care.
Digitas Health released the results of its research into how European doctors, patients and caregivers use social media for information, education and support. The results were explained at a pharmaceutical marketing conference, ThinkDigital 2010, held by Digitas Health in London on March 25, 2010.
Levels of Utilization and Socio - Economic Factors Influencing Adherence to U...inventionjournals
The paper intends to assess the level of utilization and socio-economic factors influencing adherence to utilization of Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART) for People Living with HIV/AIDS in Dodoma Municipality and Kongwa District in Tanzania. Documentary review, interview and Focus Group Discussion were used in collecting data. A total of 140 respondents (99 PLWHIV/AIDS and 41 key informants) from four hospitals, two health centers and one dispensary were selected and interviewed as representatives for the purpose of this study. Quantitative data were collected and analyzed by using SPSS version 16 software. The study revealed 100% of PLWHIV/AIDS used ART drugs in Dodoma General Hospital, Kongwa Hospital, Mkoka Health Center and Makole Health Center while 40% in St. Gemma Hospital. Also the study indicated there were high dropout from utilization of ART drugs among PLWHIV/AIDS, 60% in Mirembe hospital, (50%) in Mkoka health center and (44%) in St. Gemma hospital as compared to the rest health centers and hospitals. The drop out caused by ART drugs side effects such as vomiting (25.1%), frequently sickness (19.9%) and decrease in CD 4 (11.2%). Lastly the study revealed four main socio-economic factors influencing adherence to utilization of ART services among PLHIV/AIDS including lack of employment support (66.7 %,) lack of confidentiality (50 %,) patient’s preference to traditional medicines (30%) and cultural belief (29.3%). The study recommends all PLWHIV/AIDS with side effects should report their cases to health centers and hospitals because not all side effects require a change of drugs or discontinuation, PLWHIV/AIDS should be assisted by Government and Non-Government Organizations and family members to secure soft loans that will enable them to establish income generation activities, education on patients confidentiality should be provided to services providers in hospitals and health centers
The global precision medicine market has benefitted greatly from advancements in the life science industry. Although in its nascent stage, targeted therapies hold high chances of becoming a massive success in the coming years because of the potential to treat and cure chronic illnesses. The market is thus expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.60% between 2018 and 2023, generating USD 88.25 Bn in revenue by 2023.
BRP Pharmaceuticals Physician dispensing services enables doctors and clinics to offer their patients timely, convenient, and hassle-free alternatives for receiving their medication. Visit: http://www.brppharma.com/
The pharmaceutical industry has made it very difficult to know what the clinical trial evidence actually is regarding psychotropics. Consequently, primary care physicians and other front-line practitioners are at a disadvantage when attempting to adhere to the ethical and scientific mandates of evidence based prescriptive practice. This article calls for a higher standard of prescriptive care derived from a risk/benefit analysis of clinical trial evidence. The authors assert that current prescribing practices are empirically unsound and unduly influenced by pharmaceutical company interests, resulting in unnecessary risks to patients. In the spirit of evidenced based medicine’s inclusion of patient values as well as the movement toward health home, we present a patient bill of rights for psychotropic prescription. We then offer guidelines to raise the bar of care equal to the available science for all prescribers of psychiatric medications.
Date held: February 12, 2015
Presented by: Deb Davison, Genomic Health
Topics discussed:
The latest in genomic testing and its role in cancer treatment
The most recent results from Genomic Health’s second independent clinical validation study of Oncotype DX® in DCIS patients
Q&A session about the implications of this research
Drug abuse has now become a major public health problem in Nigeria requiring urgent attention. Although drug abuse cut across all age groups, the youths are however the most affected. This study aimed at assessing Community Pharmacists involvement in the rehabilitation of drug abuse victims. The study was carried out in Abuja Municipal Area Council, questionnaires were administered to Community Pharmacists practicing within the Area Council. A total of 176 Community Pharmacists participated in the study, and slightly above a quarter (27.43%) of them had post-graduate degrees. More than three-quarters (79.5%) of the study participants had received training on drug abuse. A total of 89.2% of the study participants had come across persons suspected to be abusing prescription medicines. Almost all (96.6%) of the study participants indicated that they are willing to advise persons suspected to be abusing drugs on the dangers of drug abuse, and 88.1% of the study participants had spoken to clients concerning abuse of prescription medicines. Also, more than three-quarters (80.1%) of the study participants indicated that pharmacists’ role in the prevention of drug abuse is very important. The study has revealed that Community Pharmacists can play an invaluable role in the rehabilitation of drug abuse victims in Nigeria.
This keynote speech was delivered by Janet Freeman-Daily to the IASLC 2017 Chicago Multidisciplinary Symposium in Thoracic Oncology on September 14, 2017.
Existing value frameworks for cancer care omit a key component: patient-defined value. This presentation looks at some patient perspectives on value found in patient-driven research, discusses the importance of shared decision making and goals of care discussions, and shares resources to help clinicians incorporate patient-defined value in cancer care.
Digitas Health released the results of its research into how European doctors, patients and caregivers use social media for information, education and support. The results were explained at a pharmaceutical marketing conference, ThinkDigital 2010, held by Digitas Health in London on March 25, 2010.
Levels of Utilization and Socio - Economic Factors Influencing Adherence to U...inventionjournals
The paper intends to assess the level of utilization and socio-economic factors influencing adherence to utilization of Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART) for People Living with HIV/AIDS in Dodoma Municipality and Kongwa District in Tanzania. Documentary review, interview and Focus Group Discussion were used in collecting data. A total of 140 respondents (99 PLWHIV/AIDS and 41 key informants) from four hospitals, two health centers and one dispensary were selected and interviewed as representatives for the purpose of this study. Quantitative data were collected and analyzed by using SPSS version 16 software. The study revealed 100% of PLWHIV/AIDS used ART drugs in Dodoma General Hospital, Kongwa Hospital, Mkoka Health Center and Makole Health Center while 40% in St. Gemma Hospital. Also the study indicated there were high dropout from utilization of ART drugs among PLWHIV/AIDS, 60% in Mirembe hospital, (50%) in Mkoka health center and (44%) in St. Gemma hospital as compared to the rest health centers and hospitals. The drop out caused by ART drugs side effects such as vomiting (25.1%), frequently sickness (19.9%) and decrease in CD 4 (11.2%). Lastly the study revealed four main socio-economic factors influencing adherence to utilization of ART services among PLHIV/AIDS including lack of employment support (66.7 %,) lack of confidentiality (50 %,) patient’s preference to traditional medicines (30%) and cultural belief (29.3%). The study recommends all PLWHIV/AIDS with side effects should report their cases to health centers and hospitals because not all side effects require a change of drugs or discontinuation, PLWHIV/AIDS should be assisted by Government and Non-Government Organizations and family members to secure soft loans that will enable them to establish income generation activities, education on patients confidentiality should be provided to services providers in hospitals and health centers
The global precision medicine market has benefitted greatly from advancements in the life science industry. Although in its nascent stage, targeted therapies hold high chances of becoming a massive success in the coming years because of the potential to treat and cure chronic illnesses. The market is thus expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11.60% between 2018 and 2023, generating USD 88.25 Bn in revenue by 2023.
BRP Pharmaceuticals Physician dispensing services enables doctors and clinics to offer their patients timely, convenient, and hassle-free alternatives for receiving their medication. Visit: http://www.brppharma.com/
The pharmaceutical industry has made it very difficult to know what the clinical trial evidence actually is regarding psychotropics. Consequently, primary care physicians and other front-line practitioners are at a disadvantage when attempting to adhere to the ethical and scientific mandates of evidence based prescriptive practice. This article calls for a higher standard of prescriptive care derived from a risk/benefit analysis of clinical trial evidence. The authors assert that current prescribing practices are empirically unsound and unduly influenced by pharmaceutical company interests, resulting in unnecessary risks to patients. In the spirit of evidenced based medicine’s inclusion of patient values as well as the movement toward health home, we present a patient bill of rights for psychotropic prescription. We then offer guidelines to raise the bar of care equal to the available science for all prescribers of psychiatric medications.
College Student Perceptions of Marijuana 2015SarahMartin33
This marketing research project was created to better understand college students perceptions on marijuana. In this paper we cover background research concerning legalization of marijuana and behavior. After identifying questions that were not answered during our research, we administered a survey via Qualtrics and received over 700 responses from college students in different colleges in the nation. We took their responses and analyzed our data over SPSS. We discovered that most of our hypotheses held true.
Influence of medicare formulary restrictions on evidence based prescribing pr...TÀI LIỆU NGÀNH MAY
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Use of medical marijuana (MM) has been legalized on a state-by-state basis; however, federally, it is still illegal and is a Schedule I drug. This has led to provider confusion regarding prescription practices, a lack of randomized control trials on the use of MM for pain and symptom management, minimal access to dispensaries, and health insurance restrictions.
Five Questions” You will write responses to five (5.docxRAJU852744
“
Five Questions
”
:
You will write responses to five (5) questions provided by the instructor, each response
approximately 350-500 words long.
These questions will help you identify and evaluate:
theroleofthegoverningbodythatyouaretargetingwithyourproposal;
thetwoopposingpolicypositionsandtheirclaimsmakers(i.e.thosewhoaresupporting
each position and their investment in that stance); and,
your integration of conceptual material from weekly readings and class discussions
through midterm, including:
types of moral perspectives;
political alliances and relative political power of policy proposals;
impact of social factors/social conditions on issue and proposed solutions;
current and projected disparities in healthcare use and outcomes.
It is expected that you will be building on these writings as you proceed through the term.
list of the topic
Sources must include course readings as well as research from peer-reviewed academic
journals.
Final write-up of the paper is due at 7 p.m. on Wednesday of Finals Week and emailed to the instructor
.
Choose one of the following for your policy analysis paper.
Public Health and Rights to Privacy:
Should medical providers be bound by Public Health policies? Recently, a nurse who was exposed to the Ebola virus refused quarantine rules imposed by the legislature and health department of New Jersey. What were the arguments on both sides? What roles did science, cultural values and norms, and political posturing play in policymaking? What other factors were involved? What are implications for other issues in which private and public health sectors must collaborate?
Is unregulated economic growth good for our health?
Scientists argue that diminishing biodiversity in our ecosystems world-wide, much of it due to unrestricted development and other human activity, will affect our health in the future. Are there ways we can grow an economy and maintain diversity in the environment?
Health care digitization and other new technologies in your docto
r’s
office:
Physicians and their staffs are facing increased pressures to digitize medical records, and recruit and maintain a remote client base through telemedicine practices, i.e., incorporate new technologies into their practices. Are these new practices changing the doctor-patient relationship? What do both doctors and patients think about the changes? And, what roles are medical industries, healthcare corporations, and governments playing in effecting certain changes?
Making the rules regarding wom
en’s
contraceptive choices:
One of most controversial (and litigated) provision of the PPACA is the obligation of employer plans to cover contraceptive services under prevention. Businesses that oppose coverage have challenged the law and won concessions. What are the origins of this debate, both in the construction of the law and in the history of women
’s
contraceptive choices in America? What implications doe ...
Research MethodsLaShanda McMahonUniversity o.docxverad6
Research Methods
LaShanda McMahon
University of Phoenix
Formulating the Problem Statement and the Purpose Statement
Over the past decade, there have been several changes in drug addiction treatment that has shown results that show reduced associated health and social costs by more than the cost of the treatments. It has been found that treatments cost much less that the alternatives, such as incarcerating people with addictions. There are many savings related to healthcare, which includes, total savings that can exceed costs with a ratio of 12 to 1. Major savings to the individual and to society also stems from fewer interpersonal conflicts; greater workplace productivity; and fewer drug-related accidents, including overdoses and deaths (Woody, M.D., 2018).
Problem Statement
A common misperception is detoxification cures the addiction, yet addiction is a chronic disorder requiring long term multimodal treatment (Korsmeyer et al., 2009. Long-term treatment for substance abuse and co-occurring disorders might reduce recidivism rates and lessen costs for rehabilitation. Goldstein, A. (1997). examined the benefits of long-term substance abuse and posited the benefits. Goldstein further suggested not treating addiction appropriately or at all contributes to the high costs associated with substance use in the United States.
Insurance companies are reluctant to support long term substance abuse treatment; however, Weisner, Ray, Mertens, Satre and Moore (2003) noted patients receiving a minimum of six months substance treatment abstained from drug and alcohol use at least five years after treatment yet abusers of alcohol were less likely to remain sober for lengthy periods of time after treatment (Weisner et al., 2003).
According to the National Drug Institute (2012), every dollar invested in substance abuse treatment yields a return of $5.50 in reduced drug-related crime, costs associated with criminal justice, and theft. Healthcare savings can exceed costs by a 12 to 1 ratio. Therefore, drug addiction treatment reduces costs associated with primary care and is less costly than incarceration. Addressing addiction also contributes to the more positive aspects of life, such as increase in work productivity, and fewer incidents related to drug use, fewer overdoses and deaths.
Purpose Statement
The purpose of this correlational study is to see if a relationship exists among periods of sobriety and four levels of substance abuse treatment. The research will examine substance abuse treatment throughout various levels of care: higher levels (detox, Inpatient (IP), and Residential (RTC) and lower levels (partial hospitalization (PHP), Intensive Outpatient (IOP), and routine Outpatient (OP). Current trends in substance abuse treatment provides evidence that length of treatment is inadequate contributing to more frequent relapses among substance abusers. Longer treatment options for addiction may reduce the number of relapses, reduce costs asso.
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journey
Accessibility of Medical Marijuana - Overview
1. Group #28
How might we educate patients and providers regarding the legal accessibility of
medical marijuana?
Natalie Aspray, Shoshanah Balter, Jonathan Juca, Michelle Kelmansky, Gissel Margarin, Liza
Yelin
Abstract
Background/ Overview of Topic:
Due to the Schedule 1 class of medical marijuana, there are many limitations regarding the legal
status and use of medical marijuana. There has also been confusion and restrictions due to the
discrepancies between federal and state legality. Medical marijuana access has been highly
contested now and in the past because it is thought to be effective in managing many different
diseases and may have fewer and less severe side effects than other treatment options.
Search Strategies:
Our group utilized the The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)
database to search for articles using the following Boolean phrase: (Medical marijuana or
medical cannabis) AND (accessibility or access or availability). After analysis, which included
limiting the articles to those that were peer-reviewed and took place within the last 5 years, and
reading the titles and abstracts of articles to find which were relevant, our group identified 11
articles for use in our final project.
Summary/ Synthesis of Findings:
Through research, our group has discovered that many prescribers are confused regarding the
prescription practices of medical marijuana due to a lack of research (especially randomized
control trials) and differences in state policy and laws. Patients may also be unwilling to ask
their providers about the option of medical marijuana due to the stigma surrounding the subject
and a lack of education regarding what conditions can be treated by medical marijuana. Through
education of providers and patients and advocating for the change in the Schedule I status of
medical marijuana - this treatment option will become more available to patients who would
benefit from an alternative treatment option.
Ethical, Moral and Nursing Implications:
There are a variety of ethical, moral, and nursing implications regarding medical marijuana. The
nurse should advocate for the patients’ interest and federally legalized marijuana to help with
accessibility. Additionally, the nurse should act with beneficence and administer medical
marijuana, when possible, to help with chronic pain and disease. However, due to the Schedule I
drug class, a nurse may not be able to offer medical marijuana as an option to manage disease,
thus creating a moral dilemma.
Health Policy Implications:
The National Institute on Drug Abuse has the only license to grow research-grade medical
marijuana, thus limiting research on marijuana’s effects. The Schedule I class means that the
government does not recognize any accepted medical uses for medical marijuana and therefore
2. restricts production for research and availability as a treatment option. However, individual states
are able to legalize medical marijuana, thus meaning it is available to patients.
3. PRISMA
Search terms: (Medical marijuana or medical cannabis) AND (accessibility or access or
availability)
Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria Applied (1): Looked for articles that were available as full text,
were peer-reviewed, and were research took place in the United States.
Inclusion/Exclusion Criteria Applied (2): Reviewed articles that pertained to the main points of
our project, focusing on the aspects of: research disparities, public perception of medical
marijuana, state differences, patient education, and health care team communication.
4. References
Bestrashniy, J., & Winters, K. C. (2015). Variability in medical marijuana laws in the United
States. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 29(3), 639–642.
https://doi.org/10.1037/adb0000111
Clark, H. W. (2019). A Note on CBD: It’s All in a Name. Brown University Child & Adolescent
Psychopharmacology Update, 21(3), 5–6.
Department of Health. (2019, October). The New York State Medical Marijuana Program.
Retrieved from https://www.health.ny.gov/regulations/medical_marijuana/.
Fowler, M. D. M. (2015). Guide to the code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements:
development, interpretation, and application (2nd ed.). Silver Spring, MD: American
Nurses Association.
Kruger, D. J., & Kruger, J. S. (2019). Medical Cannabis Users’ Comparisons between Medical
Cannabis and Mainstream Medicine. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 51(1), 31–36.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2018.1563314
Lenoue, S. R., Wongngamnit, N., & Thurstone, X. (2016). Practical Aspects of Discussing
Marijuana in a New Era. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 22(6), 471–477.
https://doi.org/10.1097/PRA.0000000000000189
Pergam, S. A., Woodfield, M. C., Lee, C. M., Cheng, G.-S., Baker, K. K., Marquis, S. R., &
Fann, J. R. (2017). Cannabis use among patients at a comprehensive cancer center in
a state with legalized medicinal and recreational use. Cancer, 123(22), 4488–4497. doi:
10.1002/cncr.30879
Philipsen, N., McMullen, P. C., & Wood, C. M. (2017). Medical Marijuana: A 2014-2016
Update on Law and Policy for Nurse Practitioners. Journal for Nurse Practitioners,
13(2), 145–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2016.09.011
Richmond, M. K., Pampel, F. C., Rivera, L. S., Broderick, K. B., Reimann, B., & Fischer, L.
(2015). Frequency and Risk of Marijuana Use among Substance-Using Health Care
Patients in Colorado with and without Access to State Legalized Medical
Marijuana. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 47(1), 1–9.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2014.991008
Singh, V., Zarrabi, A. J., Curseen, K. A., Sniecinski, R., Welsh, J. W., McKenzie-Brown, A. M.,
… Gillespie, T. W. (2019). Concerns of Patients With Cancer on Accessing Cannabis
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