This document provides instructions for a group assignment on financial ratio analysis. Students must form groups of up to 3 members, select a publicly traded company, analyze the company's financial ratios over the past 2 years, and make an investment recommendation. The assignment requires submitting a 1500-word written report that includes the company background, ratio calculations and interpretations, and justification for the investment decision. It will be graded based on criteria such as the accuracy of calculations, depth of analysis, and quality of the recommendation.
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BUS 401 Entire Course Work Principles of Finance
Purchased From Below URL
http://hwminute.com/downloads/bus401-complete-class-work-principles-of-finance/
Bus 401 Enhance teaching / snaptutorial.comHarrisGeorg49
BUS 401 Week 1 DQ 1 The Role of Financial Management in a Firm
BUS 401 Week 1 DQ 2 Financial Statements
BUS 401 Week 1 Financial Management Challenges and Ethics
BUS 401 Week 2 DQ 1 Dreams Do Come True
BUS 401 Week 2 DQ 2 Investing in Bonds
BUS 401 Week 2 Journal Present and Future Values, and Expected Returns
Dear students, get latest Solved NMIMS assignments and case study help by professionals.
Mail us at : help.mbaassignments@gmail.com
Call us at : 08263069601
BUS 401 Entire Course Work Principles of Finance
Purchased From Below URL
http://hwminute.com/downloads/bus401-complete-class-work-principles-of-finance/
Bus 401 Enhance teaching / snaptutorial.comHarrisGeorg49
BUS 401 Week 1 DQ 1 The Role of Financial Management in a Firm
BUS 401 Week 1 DQ 2 Financial Statements
BUS 401 Week 1 Financial Management Challenges and Ethics
BUS 401 Week 2 DQ 1 Dreams Do Come True
BUS 401 Week 2 DQ 2 Investing in Bonds
BUS 401 Week 2 Journal Present and Future Values, and Expected Returns
Evaluating Financial PerformanceIn this section, we will learn a.docxturveycharlyn
Evaluating Financial Performance
In this section, we will learn about one of the primary analytical tools commonly used to evaluate the financial performance of the firm—financial ratio analysis. Its use provides a financially sound, analytically powerful, and widely accepted approach for evaluating many critical aspects of a firm's financial performance.
Over the years, many standard financial ratio formulas have been developed and employed to evaluate various and specific aspects of a firm's financial performance. The art of this technique now rests in organizing these ratios for effective implementation, properly applying them in practice, and knowing the limitation of this technique. Because most textbooks cover this subject in detail and adequately develop the theory behind each financial ratio, in this section we will concentrate on two supplemental topics: (1) organizing the key financial ratios according to their application and (2) providing some additional perspectives regarding the uses and limitations of these techniques.
Organizing Financial Ratios by Application
The purpose of a financial ratio is to define a theoretically meaningful relationship between selected activities of the firm's financial statements that can provide insight into the firm's financial performance. Different practitioners and textbooks sometimes group the financial ratios differently. There are at least 15–20 standard financial ratios plus variations of some of them. Therefore, it is easy to lose sight of the forest for the trees.
Also, different practitioners and textbooks often group the financial ratios differently. One of the more logical and useful ways to group these ratios is by their ability to answer the following four key questions related to financial performance evaluation.
1. How liquid is the firm?
2. How effective is the firm in generating profits on its assets?
3. How is the firm financing its assets?
4. Are the shareholder returns adequate?
Using these four questions, the financial ratios can be grouped by category and be readily available to analyze a firm according to four different perspectives. Here is a detailed chart that organizes 10 key standard financial ratio formulas by the above four perspectives.
The Uses and Limitations of Financial Ratios
Who Uses Financial Ratio Analysis?
In addition to the management of the firm, a wide variety of individuals and organizations, for a variety of purposes, use financial ratios to evaluate the financial statements of publicly traded firms. The following is a list of some of the major users of financial ratios and their general purposes for doing so.
1. Investors and investment brokers use analysis to
· evaluate alternative investments' risks versus returns
· identify trends as indicators of a firm's future performance
· identify opportunities and risks in future investment
1. Banks use analysis to
· evaluate loans to firms
· evaluate loans to individuals (personal financial statements.
A1 Experiential Learning Project Apply the Design Thinking App.docxdaniahendric
A1: Experiential Learning Project:
Apply the Design Thinking Approach to the creation of a new service and prepare a presentation of the entire process.
The presentation should include all the following major steps of Design Thinking Approach:
a) Understand. Referring to available sources (own experience, outside experts …) research the status quo on
the concept you would like to develop
b) Observe: conduct an ethnographic research by firsthand observation of potential users
c) Ideate: create as many ideas as possible (use techniques as brainstorming). Select the most promising idea
d) Prototype: translate the idea into a simple representation of the app
e) Test: the model with target users. Interact with them. Observe their reactions and behavior and collect
feed-backs to refine the concept
f) The work should also include the marketing plan of the new service.
Outcome requirements:
The slide/visual presentation (format can be selected by the team) will contain the steps in the agenda
mentioned above and it will present the service concept. A visual representation of the service is mandatory.
The Experiential Learning Project will be scored across four (4) attributes based on:
a) Applying the Design Thinking Model. For this first score, the instructor will assess the extent to which
students are able to apply the model into a simulated-real life situation
b) Transforming observations and data into usable information. For this second score, the instructor will
evaluate the extent to which students were able to organize information collected on field analysis in a
presentable fashion (i.e., table, figures, videos …)
c) Creativity: For the third score, the instructor will assess the extent to which students are able to apply
creativity in a new service development and into the presentation itself
d) Original Results: For the fourth score, the instructor will assess the extent to which students are able to
apply the innovation drivers to their project
**********EXAMPLE************
This class was maybe the most troublesome of some other class I have taken at TUI. Be that as it may, I can say I have left with a superior comprehension of Principles of Accounting. The inside and out readings of how to comprehend organizations money related wellbeing was exceptionally enlightening, yet for the present minute isn't important to what I do.
An idea that was precious to me was opportunity costs. They comprise of decisions that make substitute occasions inside people. For myself being a dad of three, officer, and understudy, I in some cases feel that I am out of luck, yet l still figure out how to get past this voyage called life. Deciding to plan something that is going for require penances is a lot of merited, and can have an advantageous effect whenever finished.
The SLP for Module 3 was intriguing on the grounds that as customers, we investigate the "four P's" constantly while shopping. Being from a little Pacific island, regardless we use ...
ANNUAL REPORT PROJECTCurricular IssuesThis course needs to .docxrossskuddershamus
ANNUAL REPORT PROJECT
Curricular Issues:
This course needs to articulate (transfer) to a four-year college or university. For that reason we work hard to meet university requirements in our courses. Courses in the 200 level (BUS221) have writing across the curriculum requirements. Therefore we do require a paper in this course. I will do my best to make it as easy for you as possible. Also the universities require our business and accounting courses take a hard look at interpreting financial statements. For this reason I have assigned problems or exercises throughout the semester that deal with this. In Chapter 13 you will learn all about Financial Statement Analysis and the homework for that chapter will be to prepare a financial analysis on Research in Motion. It is important to note that at the very end of each chapter, and before the Demonstration Problem for the chapter, you will find a Decision Analysis section. This will help you a great deal in understanding how to complete your Annual Report’s financial analysis.
I strongly advise that you print out the files and information found in the Annual Report section under Assignments in your Angel Course. Then, as you work through the individual chapters you can complete the activities in the final project rather than waiting until the end of the course. The information will be more meaningful then. There is no reason to hold off on starting this project.
Appendix A, beginning on page A-1 in the back of the text, contains financial statements for four companies: Research in Motion, Apple, Palm, and Nokia. This semester you are required to report on Research in Motion. I choose this because the text has included an entire copy of their Financial Report rather than just the financial statements as the other three companies have. You can start the report now and also the financial statement ratio analysis. The Common-size Comparative financial statement analysis will come at the end of the semester as a Chapter 13 assignment. As we work through each chapter and learn to calculate and analyze the ratios that particular chapter teaches you can complete the ratio calculations for Research in Motion. The work sheet for this can be found in this Annual Report folder. I am giving you all the necessary tools for the final project early on so there is no reason to procrastinate.
As I mentioned in the Announcement Section of the course, you will find a Decision Analysis section at the end of each chapter just before the demonstration problem. Here you will find how to calculate the ratios and a discussion of the ratios that pertain to that chapter (how to analyze the ratio.) If you complete this ratio analysis as you move throughout the text rather than waiting for the end of the course, it will have more meaning to you.
For the report itself you will need to research three current periodicals on your company besides the company’s annual report found here in the text. “.
Fundamental Analysis is defined as “researching the fundamentals”, that doesn’t convey the whole in the absence of knowledge about what fundamentals are. The big problem with defining fundamentals is that it can include anything related to the economic well being of a company. Thus, fundamentals include everything from a company’s market share to the quality of its management
Fundamental analysis is the cornerstone of investing. In fact, some would say that you aren't really investing if you aren't performing fundamental analysis. Because the subject is so broad, however, it's tough to know where to start. There are an endless number of investment strategies that are very different from each other, yet almost all use the fundamentals.
FIN 320 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric Final Pro.docxlmelaine
FIN 320 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric
Final Project Part I
Part I Overview
Business professionals typically need to demonstrate a core set of financial knowledge to earn the job and to succeed on a job. For this part of the assessment,
you will be given a scenario in which you are asked to illustrate your financial management knowledge.
This part of the final project addresses the following course outcomes:
Analyze the roles and responsibilities of financial managers in confirming compliance with federal and shareholder requirements
Differentiate between various financial markets and institutions by comparing and contrasting options when selecting appropriate private and corporate
investments
Part I Prompt
You have completed an internship in the finance division of a fast-growing information technology corporation. Your boss, the financial manager, is considering
hiring you for a full-time job. He first wants to evaluate your financial knowledge and has provided you with a short examination. When composing your answers
to this employment examination, ensure that they are cohesive and read like a short essay.
Your submission must address the following critical elements:
I. Analyze Roles and Responsibilities for Compliance
A. Examine the types of decisions financial managers make. How are these decisions related to the primary objective of financial managers?
B. Analyze the various ethical issues a financial manager could potentially face and how these could be handled.
C. Compare and contrast the different federal safeguards that are in place to reduce financial reporting abuse. Why are these considered
appropriate safeguards?
II. Investment Options
A. If a private company is “going public,” what does this mean, and how would the company do this? What are the advantages of doing this? Do
you see any disadvantages? If so, what are they?
B. How do the largest U.S. stock markets differ? Out of those choices, which would be the smartest private investment option, in your opinion?
Why?
C. Compare and contrast the various investment products that are available and the types of institutions that sell them.
Final Project Part I Rubric
Guidelines for Submission: Ensure that your employment examination is submitted as one comprehensive and cohesive short essay. It should use double
spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, and one-inch margins. Citations should be formatted according to APA style.
Critical Elements Exemplary (100%) Proficient (85%) Needs Improvement (55%) Not Evident (0%) Value
Roles and
Responsibilities:
Examine
Meets “Proficient” criteria and
includes examples in analysis
Comprehensively examines the
types of decisions financial
managers make, including how
these decisions are related to
their primary objective
Examines the types of decisions
financial managers make,
including how these decisions are
related to their primary objective,
but ...
FIN 320 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric Final Pro.docxssuser454af01
FIN 320 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric
Final Project Part I
Part I Overview
Business professionals typically need to demonstrate a core set of financial knowledge to earn the job and to succeed on a job. For this part of the assessment,
you will be given a scenario in which you are asked to illustrate your financial management knowledge.
This part of the final project addresses the following course outcomes:
Analyze the roles and responsibilities of financial managers in confirming compliance with federal and shareholder requirements
Differentiate between various financial markets and institutions by comparing and contrasting options when selecting appropriate private and corporate
investments
Part I Prompt
You have completed an internship in the finance division of a fast-growing information technology corporation. Your boss, the financial manager, is considering
hiring you for a full-time job. He first wants to evaluate your financial knowledge and has provided you with a short examination. When composing your answers
to this employment examination, ensure that they are cohesive and read like a short essay.
Your submission must address the following critical elements:
I. Analyze Roles and Responsibilities for Compliance
A. Examine the types of decisions financial managers make. How are these decisions related to the primary objective of financial managers?
B. Analyze the various ethical issues a financial manager could potentially face and how these could be handled.
C. Compare and contrast the different federal safeguards that are in place to reduce financial reporting abuse. Why are these considered
appropriate safeguards?
II. Investment Options
A. If a private company is “going public,” what does this mean, and how would the company do this? What are the advantages of doing this? Do
you see any disadvantages? If so, what are they?
B. How do the largest U.S. stock markets differ? Out of those choices, which would be the smartest private investment option, in your opinion?
Why?
C. Compare and contrast the various investment products that are available and the types of institutions that sell them.
Final Project Part I Rubric
Guidelines for Submission: Ensure that your employment examination is submitted as one comprehensive and cohesive short essay. It should use double
spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, and one-inch margins. Citations should be formatted according to APA style.
Instructor Feedback: This activity uses an integrated rubric in Blackboard. Students can view instructor feedback in the Grade Center. For more information,
review these instructions.
Critical Elements Exemplary (100%) Proficient (85%) Needs Improvement (55%) Not Evident (0%) Value
Roles and
Responsibilities:
Examine
Meets “Proficient” criteria and
includes examples in analysis
Comprehensively examines the
types of decisions financial
managers make, including how
these d ...
1 Guidelines for the Strategic Audit Report Adapted an.docxhoney725342
1
Guidelines for the Strategic Audit Report
Adapted and revised from: Wheelen and Hunger, (2008). Concepts in Strategic
Management and Business Policy, 11th Ed., Pearson Education, Inc.
Purpose of the strategic audit assignment
Your assignment
Selecting a company for the strategic audit
An effective report
Required format for the strategic audit report
Required sections of the strategic audit report
Executive Summary
Current situation
Corporate governance
External environment: Opportunities and threats
Internal environment: Strengths and weaknesses
Analysis of strategic factors (SFAS)
Strategic alternatives and recommended strategy (TOWS)
Implementation of recommended strategy
Conclusions
Evaluating mission statements
Evaluating the Board of Directors
Preparing the tables: EFAS, IFAS, SFAS, and TOWS
Common-size statements
Analyzing financial statements
Analyzing financial ratios
Writing guidelines
Relaxed APA rules
Useful resources
Purpose of the strategic audit assignment
The point of this assignment is to see how well you can research, interpret, and draw
conclusions about the soundness and competitive position of a company. Opinions are not
worth any more than the evidence on which they are based. However, simply locating facts
is not sufficient; you also have to determine what those facts mean, and you have to report
everything in a convincing manner.
A strategic audit is usually done to help the firm’s management decide how to proceed, or
to support a potential investment or loan. The purpose of a strategic audit is essentially to
answer the question, “What condition is this firm in?” Because the audit is focused toward
answering this question, there must be a conclusion about what the audit shows.
Therefore, while this is mostly an objective, informative report, there is a persuasive twist
at the end.
2
The strategic audit is not an exam where you simply type in the “right” response. The
questions listed below serve as a basic guide for your efforts. These questions are a bare
minimum, and you need to answer all of them. However, these questions are not intended
to limit your research or limit what you report.
Think of the audit more like an investigative report. The reader wants to know something
significant about the company. Are they on the right track, or not? Is this a good operation,
or not? Are they worth an investment or a loan?
RETURN TO REQUIRED SECTIONS OF REPORT
RETURN TO TOP
Your assignment is to:
Select a public company to review.
Use the questions and instructions on pp. 4-10 to analyze the company.
Use the prescribed format on p. 3 to prepare a written report.
RETURN TO REQUIRED SECTIONS OF REPORT
RETURN TO TOP
An effective report
This exercise is designed to make you think, not just about collecting company facts, but
also about how to communicate what those facts mean in an effective, informative ...
1 Guidelines for the Strategic Audit Report Adapted an.docxmercysuttle
1
Guidelines for the Strategic Audit Report
Adapted and revised from: Wheelen and Hunger, (2008). Concepts in Strategic
Management and Business Policy, 11th Ed., Pearson Education, Inc.
Purpose of the strategic audit assignment
Your assignment
Selecting a company for the strategic audit
An effective report
Required format for the strategic audit report
Required sections of the strategic audit report
Executive Summary
Current situation
Corporate governance
External environment: Opportunities and threats
Internal environment: Strengths and weaknesses
Analysis of strategic factors (SFAS)
Strategic alternatives and recommended strategy (TOWS)
Implementation of recommended strategy
Conclusions
Evaluating mission statements
Evaluating the Board of Directors
Preparing the tables: EFAS, IFAS, SFAS, and TOWS
Common-size statements
Analyzing financial statements
Analyzing financial ratios
Writing guidelines
Relaxed APA rules
Useful resources
Purpose of the strategic audit assignment
The point of this assignment is to see how well you can research, interpret, and draw
conclusions about the soundness and competitive position of a company. Opinions are not
worth any more than the evidence on which they are based. However, simply locating facts
is not sufficient; you also have to determine what those facts mean, and you have to report
everything in a convincing manner.
A strategic audit is usually done to help the firm’s management decide how to proceed, or
to support a potential investment or loan. The purpose of a strategic audit is essentially to
answer the question, “What condition is this firm in?” Because the audit is focused toward
answering this question, there must be a conclusion about what the audit shows.
Therefore, while this is mostly an objective, informative report, there is a persuasive twist
at the end.
2
The strategic audit is not an exam where you simply type in the “right” response. The
questions listed below serve as a basic guide for your efforts. These questions are a bare
minimum, and you need to answer all of them. However, these questions are not intended
to limit your research or limit what you report.
Think of the audit more like an investigative report. The reader wants to know something
significant about the company. Are they on the right track, or not? Is this a good operation,
or not? Are they worth an investment or a loan?
RETURN TO REQUIRED SECTIONS OF REPORT
RETURN TO TOP
Your assignment is to:
Select a public company to review.
Use the questions and instructions on pp. 4-10 to analyze the company.
Use the prescribed format on p. 3 to prepare a written report.
RETURN TO REQUIRED SECTIONS OF REPORT
RETURN TO TOP
An effective report
This exercise is designed to make you think, not just about collecting company facts, but
also about how to communicate what those facts mean in an effective, informative ...
Company FacebookCalculating the Weighted Average Cost of Capi.docxdonnajames55
Company: Facebook
Calculating the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)
for your Company
For use in Conjunction with the Firm Valuation Project
First ensure that you have read relevant pages in the text. Some important sections would include the following, but you may also double-check the references in the text by using the index [see: Cost of Capital and Target (optimal) Capital Structure, etc.]:
The important Chapter in the text is the one entitled "The Cost of Capital," – with a particular focus on the section entitled “The Weighted Average Cost of Capital” and the section “Four Mistakes to Avoid” at the end of the chapter.
The WACC formula discussed below does not include Preferred Stock. Should your company use PS, be sure to adjust the equation for it, and see the section in the chapter on the Cost of Preferred Stock.
The WACC formula that we use is:
WACC = wdrd(1-T) + wsrs
We need to know how to calculate:
1. rsthe cost of common equity. Use the Security Market Line (SML) – this is why you learn how to calculate a company’s beta and also why you learn how to find the appropriate risk-free rate and market-risk premium. For a review, see the section the text, The CAPM Approach.
2. The weights (wd and ws – note that: wd + ws = 1; so you only have to calculate one of them). We need to calculate the weight of debt and the weight of equity (for the cost of debt, this simply means: what proportion of the firm’s financing is by debt?). There is a lot to say here, simplified as Theory 1, Theory 2 and Practice:
a. Theory 1: Theory says that we should use the target weights along with the market values of both debt and equity (see the Four Mistakes to Avoid). But the market value of debt is typically difficult to calculate, because we need to know the YTM (which is rd) for all of the company’s debt, but we cannot calculate the YTM without having the current prices of the company’s outstanding bonds, and most company’s bonds do not trade (i.e., they will not have up-to-date or current prices – remember how to calculate the price (value) of a bond on your calculators?!). As a result, at least for the group project, we go to Theory 2.
b. Theory 2: Theory also says that we should use the TARGET weights, but this is a management decision, and as “outsiders” we do not have access to the thoughts of the CFO or CEO. So we should look instead to the historical pattern of the use of debt (mix of debt and equity), and this is one reason that you should have about 10 years of financial data.
c. Practice: Since we cannot “work” according to the strict theory of finance, we have to estimate the relevant weights. As a result, we will use the formula:
wd = Book Value of Debt / [Market Value of Equity + Book Value of Debt]
The book value of debt is calculated by adding up ALL of the debt on the balance sheet. This will typically be the sum of Notes Payable, Current Portion of LT Debt and Long-Term Debt.
.
FIN 320 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric Final Pro.docxmydrynan
FIN 320 Final Project Guidelines and Rubric
Final Project Part I
Part I Overview
Business professionals typically need to demonstrate a core set of financial knowledge to earn the job and to succeed on a job. For this part of the assessment,
you will be given a scenario in which you are asked to illustrate your financial management knowledge.
This part of the final project addresses the following course outcomes:
Analyze the roles and responsibilities of financial managers in confirming compliance with federal and shareholder requirements
Differentiate between various financial markets and institutions by comparing and contrasting options when selecting appropriate private and corporate
investments
Part I Prompt
You have completed an internship in the finance division of a fast-growing information technology corporation. Your boss, the financial manager, is considering
hiring you for a full-time job. He first wants to evaluate your financial knowledge and has provided you with a short examination. When composing your answers
to this employment examination, ensure that they are cohesive and read like a short essay.
Your submission must address the following critical elements:
I. Analyze Roles and Responsibilities for Compliance
A. Examine the types of decisions financial managers make. How are these decisions related to the primary objective of financial managers?
B. Analyze the various ethical issues a financial manager could potentially face and how these could be handled.
C. Compare and contrast the different federal safeguards that are in place to reduce financial reporting abuse. Why are these considered
appropriate safeguards?
II. Investment Options
A. If a private company is “going public,” what does this mean, and how would the company do this? What are the advantages of doing this? Do
you see any disadvantages? If so, what are they?
B. How do the largest U.S. stock markets differ? Out of those choices, which would be the smartest private investment option, in your opinion?
Why?
C. Compare and contrast the various investment products that are available and the types of institutions that sell them.
Final Project Part I Rubric
Guidelines for Submission: Ensure that your employment examination is submitted as one comprehensive and cohesive short essay (2-3 pages). It should use
double spacing, 12-point Times New Roman font, and one-inch margins. Citations should be formatted according to APA style.
Instructor Feedback: This activity uses an integrated rubric in Blackboard. Students can view instructor feedback in the Grade Center. For more information,
review these instructions.
Critical Elements Exemplary (100%) Proficient (85%) Needs Improvement (55%) Not Evident (0%) Value
Roles and
Responsibilities:
Examine
Meets “Proficient” criteria and
includes examples in analysis
Comprehensively examines the
types of decisions financial
managers make, including ...
Module 2 - BackgroundPrinciples of AccountingConsider that acc.docxroushhsiu
Module 2 - Background
Principles of Accounting
Consider that accounting terms are not always obvious in their meanings. If you are learning terminology or need to clarify a vocabulary item, a good reference for accounting terms is:
New York Society of Certified Public Accountants (2017) Accounting Terminology Guide - Over 1,000 Accounting and Finance Terms. Retrieved from: http://www.nysscpa.org/professional-resources/accounting-terminology-guide#sthash.UMS3kGjf.dpbs
For a glossary of general business terms:
Berry, T. (n.d.) Business terms glossary. BPlans. Retrieved from http://articles.bplans.com/business-term-glossary/
The Annual Report
The annual report is the way a firm summarizes its performance over the past year and where it sets a vision for the future. Publicly held companies (traded on the stock exchange) must prepare annual reports, and annual reports are usually public documents. Investors and the general public use annual reports as sources of information about the financial health of a company. We will be learning about reading annual reports to learn general accounting principles in the context of learning about a company and the industry in which it operates. Although we will not discuss all sections of an annual report, we will touch on the sections that have the most relevance to providing the HRM professional with the most helpful insights into the operations of the firm.
Front matter
This is largely text material that sets the stage for the quantitative data that follows.
The Opening letter to the Shareholders
The opening letter is generally the first section of the annual report and is a statement by the chairman of the board. The letter sets the stage for how the firm’s management wants you to view the report and the previous year’s performance, and so in this sense sets the “strategic intent” of the report. A careful reading of the letter can give context to the numbers that follow by giving you clues of what to look for in terms of goals met – or problems that prevented goal attainment. The firm may be on the verge of explosive growth, or a meltdown.
Sales and Marketing
This section covers the company’s product/service line. Typically, it also contains descriptions of key departments or groups and the work they do. By reading this section, you can deduce what products or services are most important to the firm and which divisions are seen as most critical to its success. This section can also give you clues as to what the future may hold.
The Auditor’s Letter
You might be tempted to skip this section, because it probably seems superfluous (like the terms and conditions acknowledgment on software updates. You know you don’t read those!). However, you should know that by law, a publicly traded firm needs to be independently audited every year. This is to protect the investor, and the auditors will state whether or not the data the company presents is accurate and if they have sufficient controls in place to prevent frau ...
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Acc30205 basic accounting assignment jan 2015
1. SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING AND DESIGN
Centre for Modern Architecture Studies in Southeast Asia
Foundation of Natural and Built Environments (FNBE)
Basic Accounting [ACC30205/FNBE0145]
Prerequisite: None
Lecturer: Chang Jau Ho
Assignment: Financial Ratio Analysis
30% Group Work
Submission: by 12pm, Friday, 4th
June 2015 (Week 16)
Introduction
The assignment will assist students in developing a better appreciation in ratio analysis and
interpretation as a tool for evaluating real-world companies. By reading and analysing the
annual reports of publicly-traded companies, students can acquire valuable skills such as
deciphering the various details contained in an accounting report, give informed opinions about
the company’s business operations and make recommendations regarding the worthiness of
the business’ common shares as an investment medium.
Objectives of Project
The objectives of this project:
• To understand the basic purposes of ratio analysis and interpretation.
• To understand the techniques of applying the ratios.
Learning Outcomes of Project
On successful completion of this project, students will be able to demonstrate the following:
• Assess the performance of a business (in terms of profitability and financial stability) by
applying financial ratio analysis.
• Make appropriate business decisions with reference to various accounting information
and tools.
Tasks - Methodology
Your tasks are as follows:
a) Form a group with a maximum of 3 members.
b) Select a public company (domestic or international) as your research subject. Ensure
that the chosen company is engaged in trading physical goods, not services.
c) Provide a brief background history of the company and its recent development.
d) Conduct ratio analysis on the business annual reports for the last 2 years (e.g. 2012 &
2013) and interpret the results.
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2. e) Together with the P/E ratio (see appendix for more information), provide justifications
on whether the company’s shares are worthy of investment.
f) Submit your findings in a report with a maximum word limit of 1500 words, excluding
references and appendices. The report must be submitted in a softcopy form.
g) Note: ensure that you have at least 5 different sources of information in the appendix.
h) Note 2: Include the company’s Income (or P&L) statements and Balance Sheets for the
relevant years in your report’s appendix section.
i) Important: Ensure that you quote your sources and refrain from copying. I
conduct plagiarism checks on all assignments submitted. Students caught with
the said offence will face disciplinary action. Ignore this warning at your own
risk.
Submission Requirement
- A 1500-word written report (excluding cover page and references) submitted in softcopy
form to jauho.chang@taylors.edu.my.
Assessment criteria
The assessment for this assignment will be based on:
TGC
Acquired
Assessment Criteria Marks %
Group Component
Company Background 5%
Ratio Calculation 10%
Ratio Interpretation 10%
Investment Recommendation 5%
TOTAL 30%
Marking criteria
Please refer to Assessment Rubric on page 3.
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3. Assessment Rubric for Basic Accounting Assignment (ACC30205)
Assessment
Criteria (with TGC)
30% Excellent (10-9) Good (8-7) Satisfactory (6-5) Poor (4-3) Fail (2– 0)
Company
Background
5%
Provides a very
well-organized
and easy-to-
understand
background
history of the
firm.
Provides a well-
organized and
easy-to-
understand
background
history of the
firm.
Provides a
somewhat
organized and
understandable
background
history of the
firm.
Provides a
disorganized and
somewhat hard-
to-understand
background
history of the
firm.
Background
history of the firm
is presented in a
very disorganized
and difficult-to-
comprehend
manner.
Ratio Calculation 10%
All the
calculations
performed are
correct with
reference to the
formulas and
accounting report
data.
There are 1-2
calculation
mistakes in terms
of misapplication
of formula or
using the wrong
data.
There are 3-4
calculation
mistakes in terms
of misapplication
of formula or
using the wrong
data.
There are 5-6
calculation
mistakes in terms
of misapplication
of formula or
using the wrong
data.
There are 7 or
more calculation
mistakes in terms
of misapplication
of formula or
using the wrong
data.
Ratio
Interpretation
10%
The student
demonstrated
excellent
understanding of
the ratios i.e.
interpreted all the
calculation results
correctly.
The student
demonstrated
good
understanding of
the ratios i.e.
interpreted most
of the calculation
results correctly.
The student
demonstrated
adequate
understanding of
the ratios i.e.
interpreted at
least half of
calculation results
correctly.
The student
demonstrated
poor
understanding of
the ratios and
interpreted a
majority of the
calculation results
incorrectly..
The student
demonstrated
very poor
understanding of
the ratios and
interpreted almost
all of the
calculation results
incorrectly.
Investment
Recommendations
5%
The student
provided her
investment
recommendations
based on
excellent
justifications.
The student
provided her
investment
recommendations
based on good
justifications.
The student
provided her
investment
recommendations
based on
mediocre
justifications.
The student
provided her
investment
recommendations
based on poor
justifications.
The student
provided her
investment
recommendations
based on very
poor justifications.
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4. Appendix 1: P/E Ratio
Price/Earning or P/E Ratio
= Current share price
Earnings per share (in number of times)
For example: Company B’s current share price is $5.00 per share. It’s earning’s per share
(based on the latest year) is $0.50. This means the company’s price/earning ratio is 10
($5.00/$0.50).
How to interpret: This ratio measures how expensive a share is. The higher the P/E ratio, the
more expensive a share is. In the example above, a P/E of 10 means that an investor will need
to wait for 10 years to recoup his investment. A higher P/E, say 20, means the investor will
have to wait even longer – 20 years - to claim back his original principal. A conservative
investor will normally pay no more than P/E of 15 for a share that he likes.
Appendix 2: Investment Recommendation
When determining whether the company that you are analysing is worth investing in, you have
to take into account 3 factors:
a) Profitability
b) Stability
c) Share price
In other words, the company must have demonstrated good profitability, strong financial
stability and its shares are available at a cheap price (i.e. P/E of 15 or lower) to warrant an
investment. To determine good profitability and strong financial stability, refer back to the
profitability and stability ratios that you have calculated and look at the overall picture of these 2
groups of ratios. There are no hard and fast rule about what really qualifies as good profitability
and strong financial stability so there is some subjectivity regarding that. However, it is useful to
ask yourself (honestly) whether you think the company is profitable and stable. If the answer is
not a resounding yes, then it would be wise to not invest in the company.
If you think that the company has good profitability and stability, and it is also currently
available at a cheap price (i.e. P/E below 15), then you can recommend the company’s shares
as suitable for investment.
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5. Appendix 3: Other Frequently Asked Questions (OFAQs)
1. Which profit figure should I use to calculate ratios like Profit Margin, Return on Equity,
etc.?
You can use either the profit figure before deducted by the tax expense (commonly known as
operating profit) or the profit figure after deducted by tax (also commonly known as
consolidated net profit). Just make sure to use the same figure to calculate all the ratios that
require this figure.
2. I can’t calculate the Selling Expense Ratio and the General Expense Ratio because the
selling expenses and the general (or administrative) expenses have been added up
together and shown as one single amount in the P&L statement. What should I do?
You can go through the Notes Section of the Annual Report and see if the company provides a
breakdown of that lump sum figure. Failing that, you may divide the lump sum figure by 2 and
‘pretend’ that half of the lump sum figure is the total selling expenses and the other half is the
total general expenses.
3. Where can I find the share price of the company I’m researching?
If the company is Malaysian, you can find it in the Business section of the Star Newspaper. If
the company is foreign, you can look up Yahoo Finance or CNBC.com. And oh, to calculate the
P/E ratio, please use the latest share price, as in no more than 5 days before the submission
date.
4. Which Earnings per Share (EPS) figure should I use? Diluted or Basic?
If both figures are not very different, then it doesn’t matter. Otherwise, please use the Basic
figure.
5. I can’t find the [insert name] figure/Everything looks so different from the accounting
reports I’ve learned/Oh my god what the %^$&#@ am I looking at? HELP!!!!
First take a deep breath… Now, try to realize that although the items’ names and format used
in Annual Report may be different from what you have learned so far, both of them still retained
the same basic “look”. So the key is to observe closely and guess intelligently what you think
an item reported in the Annual Report really is. For example, if you can’t find the “Cost of
Goods Sold” item in the Annual Report, try and think where it is normally located in the P&L
statement. Chances are it is still at the same usual “place” but has been given a different name.
Get it?
6. Can I ask/email you for help? I’m kinda stuck with this assignment.
Of course. However, please be advised that most of the time I will only give you hints, not
straight answers to your queries
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6. Appendix 3: Other Frequently Asked Questions (OFAQs)
1. Which profit figure should I use to calculate ratios like Profit Margin, Return on Equity,
etc.?
You can use either the profit figure before deducted by the tax expense (commonly known as
operating profit) or the profit figure after deducted by tax (also commonly known as
consolidated net profit). Just make sure to use the same figure to calculate all the ratios that
require this figure.
2. I can’t calculate the Selling Expense Ratio and the General Expense Ratio because the
selling expenses and the general (or administrative) expenses have been added up
together and shown as one single amount in the P&L statement. What should I do?
You can go through the Notes Section of the Annual Report and see if the company provides a
breakdown of that lump sum figure. Failing that, you may divide the lump sum figure by 2 and
‘pretend’ that half of the lump sum figure is the total selling expenses and the other half is the
total general expenses.
3. Where can I find the share price of the company I’m researching?
If the company is Malaysian, you can find it in the Business section of the Star Newspaper. If
the company is foreign, you can look up Yahoo Finance or CNBC.com. And oh, to calculate the
P/E ratio, please use the latest share price, as in no more than 5 days before the submission
date.
4. Which Earnings per Share (EPS) figure should I use? Diluted or Basic?
If both figures are not very different, then it doesn’t matter. Otherwise, please use the Basic
figure.
5. I can’t find the [insert name] figure/Everything looks so different from the accounting
reports I’ve learned/Oh my god what the %^$&#@ am I looking at? HELP!!!!
First take a deep breath… Now, try to realize that although the items’ names and format used
in Annual Report may be different from what you have learned so far, both of them still retained
the same basic “look”. So the key is to observe closely and guess intelligently what you think
an item reported in the Annual Report really is. For example, if you can’t find the “Cost of
Goods Sold” item in the Annual Report, try and think where it is normally located in the P&L
statement. Chances are it is still at the same usual “place” but has been given a different name.
Get it?
6. Can I ask/email you for help? I’m kinda stuck with this assignment.
Of course. However, please be advised that most of the time I will only give you hints, not
straight answers to your queries
5