The document provides information about the history, government, and culture of India. It discusses how India gained independence from British rule in 1947 and adopted its constitution in 1950. It also mentions that India has 29 states, over 688 districts, a population of over 1.3 billion people, and is a diverse country with many languages, religions, and cultural traditions including various folk dances and classical dance forms.

1. About India
Sengu

2. Agenda
History of India
The Name of India
Independence Day
Republic Day
States
Population
First In India
Leaders
Places
Facts,.

3. History of India
The fifth century saw the unification of India under Ashoka, who had converted to Buddhism,
and it is in his reign that Buddhism spread in many parts of Asia. In the eighth century Islam
came to India for the first time and by the eleventh century had firmly established itself in
India as a political force. It resulted into the formation of the Delhi Sultanate, which was
finally succeeded by the Mughal Empire, under which India once again achieved a large
measure of political unity.
It was in the 17th century that the Europeans came to India. This coincided with the
disintegration of the Mughal Empire, paving the way for regional states. In the contest for
supremacy, the English emerged 'victors'. The Rebellion of 1857-58, which sought to restore
Indian supremacy, was crushed; and with the subsequent crowning of Victoria as Empress of
India, the incorporation of India into the empire was complete. It was followed by India's
struggle for independence, which we got in the year 1947.

4. The Name of India
The name India is derived from Indus, which originates from the Old Persian word Sindhi.[24] The
latter term stems from theSanskrit word Sindhu, which was the historical local appellation for
the Indus River.[25] The ancient Greeks referred to the Indians as Indoi (Ινδοί), which translates as
"The people of the Indus"

5. India
•5000 year old civilization
•325 languages
•18 official languages
•29 states
•3.28 million sq. Kilometers
•7516 kilometers
•The great Indian Epics – Ramayana, Mahabharata

6. Independence Day Movement
The Indian independence movement was a movement from 1857 (in many cases, even pre-dating 1857) until
15 August 1947, when India got independence from the British Raj. The movement involved many political and
social organizations and armed and unarmed struggle. Many political ideas also contributed to the movement
and the most famous person in it was Mohandas Gandhi.
On 3rd June 1947, the Viceroy Lord Mountbatten announced partition of India into two countries: union of
India, and an Islamic Pakistan. In this partition many people died and got separated from their families. On
midnight of 14th August 1947, India became an independent country, and still is today. On 26th January 1950,
India adopted their constitution. The Indian constitution is the longest constitution in the world.

7. Republic Day
Constitution Day,(Principles governing) also known as Samvidhan Divas, is celebrated in India in
honour of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, known as the architect of the Indian constitution. The Government
of India declared 26 November as Constitution Day. On this day in 1949, the Constituent
Assembly of India adopted the Constitution of India, and it went into effect on 26 January 1950

8. States
India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-nine states (29)
Capital: New Delhi
States are,
Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal
Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra,
Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu,
Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand & West Bengal

9. Districts In India
As of 2016 there are a total of 688 districts
Andhra Pradesh(13), Arunachal Pradesh(19), Assam(32), Bihar(38), Chhattisgarh(27), Goa(2),
Gujarat(33), Haryana(21), Himachal Pradesh(12), Jammu and Kashmir(22), Jharkhand(24),
Karnataka(30), Kerala(14), Madhya Pradesh(51), Maharashtra(36), Manipur(9), Meghalaya(11),
Mizoram(8), Nagaland(11), Orissa(30), Punjab(22), Rajasthan(33), Sikkim(4), Tamil Nadu(32),
Telangana(10), Tripura(8), Uttar Pradesh(75), Uttarakhand(13) & West Bengal(20)

10. Population
Indian people or Indians are citizens of India, the second most populous nation containing
17.50%[20] of the world's population.
1. China - 1,380,759,032 - 17,190(Daily Increase)
2. India - 1,322,874,602 - 43,154 (Daily Increase)
Death rate: 7.35 deaths/1,000 population (In India)

11. World War
World War 1:
Period: July 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918 (4 years, 3 months and 2 weeks) – started at Franz
Ferdinand
World War 2:
Period: September 1, 1939 – September 2, 1945 (6 years) – started at Poland

12. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
Born: October 2, 1869, Porbandar
Assassinated: January 30, 1948, New Delhi
Spouse: Kasturba Gandhi (m. 1883–1944)
On January 30, 1948, Mahatma Gandhi fell to his assassin Nathuram Vinayak Godse's bullets during
an evening prayer ceremony at Birla House in Delhi.

13. First In India
The first President of Indian Republic - Dr. Rajendra Prasad
The first Prime Minister of free India - Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru
The first Indian to win Nobel Prize - Rabindranath Tagore
The first Muslim President of India - Dr. Zakir Hussain
India’s first man in Space - Rakesh Sharma
The first Vice-President of India - Dr. Radhakrishnan
The first woman Prime Minister - Mrs Indira Gandhi
The first woman Judge - Anna Chandy (She became judge in a district court in 1937)

14. Leaders
Prime Ministers of India – 17
(1. Jawahar Lal Nehru - Now Narendra Modi)
Presidents of India - 13
(1. Rajendra Prasad – Now Pranab Mukherjee)
Home Minister –Rajnath Singh
Finance Minister - Arun Jaitley

15. Locations
The Supreme Court of India is situated in New Delhi, the capital region of India
The Reserve Bank of India is India's central banking institution, which controls the monetary
policy of the Indian rupee. It commenced its operations on 1 April 1935 during the British Rule in
accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. Location in
Mumbai, Maharashtra.
Swiss bank branch is located in Kolkata

16. Courts In India
24 High Courts
Supreme court located in New Delhi, Delhi
Important Court Types
Administrative court
Constitutional court
Family court
High Court of Justiciary
Supreme court

17. Recipient of loans from the World Bank
India is the largest recipient of loans from the World Bank, amounting to $102.1 billion,
between 1945 and 2015 (as on July 21, 2015), according to the Bank’s lending report.

18. Tourist Places In India
Taj Mahal
Qutb Minar
Humayun’s Tomb
Amer Fort
The Red Fort
Ganges
Agra Fort
Gateway of India
India Gate
Tanjur Temple
Mysore Palace etc..,

19. Indian Railway
The total distance covered by the 14,300 trains on the Indian Railways everyday, equals three &
half times the distance to moon
The first train on Indian soil ran between Bombay and Thane on the 16th of April 1853
IR employs about 1.55 million people
IR has about 7,000 railway stations

20. Facts
Around a 100 million years ago, India was an island.
India’s name is derived from the “Indus” river.
India has the world’s third largest active army, after China and USA.
The Tirupati Balaji temple and the Kashi Vishwanath Temple both, receive more visitors than
the Vatican City and Mecca combined.
India has more mosques (300,000 mosques) than any other nation in the world.
And the third largest Muslim population in the world.
Indian Railways employs more than 1.3 million people. That’s more than the population of
many nations.
Chess was invented in India.

21. Buttons were invented in India.
Shampoo, discovered the number zero (Aryapatta), value of pi, trigonometry, algebra, calculus,
cataract surgery, plastic surgery, water on the moon.
 India is the largest producer of films in the world.
India is the largest milk producer in the world.
 India leads the world with the most murders (32,719) per year, with Russia taking second at
28,904 murders per year.
The India-Pakistan World Cup semi-final match in Mohali drew 150 million viewers worldwide.
Around the 17th century, India was one of the richest countries in the world.
Bhaskaracharya calculated the time taken by the earth to orbit the sun in the 5th century, many
years before the astronomer Smart (365 days, 5 hr, 48 min 46 sec)

22. Dances In India
45 Folk Dances
7 Classical Dance Forms
•Bharata Natyam
•Kathak
•Kathakali
•Kuchipudi
•Manipuri
•Mohini Attam
•Odissi

23. Flag Says
Gandhi first proposed a flag to the Indian National Congress in 1921. The flag was
designed by Pingali Venkayya.