Abc Whale Shark
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This document summarizes information about whale sharks, including their biology, distribution, conservation status, and management and trade in Taiwan. It discusses Taiwan's regulatory framework and monitoring system for whale sharks. Catch and trade data are presented showing a decline in whale shark catch sizes near Taiwan. Market survey findings suggest whale shark meat and products are still available in Taiwanese markets, despite the declining populations. Recommendations include investigating claims of illegally imported whale shark meat and promoting alternative uses like ecotourism.
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Abc Whale Shark
- 1. Management and Trade of Whale Shark in Taiwan Ting 2009/Apr/16
- 2. Biology of Whale Shark • Ontogenetic allometry • Aggregating at seasonal plankton blooms and • a. 56 cm foetus invertebrate mass spawning. • b. 700 cm subadult Martin, 2007
- 3. Distribution
- 4. PADI Whale Shark Awareness • PADI specialty course • 8900 THB, 1 day, 2 dives
- 5. Taiwan’s Shark Fishery • Catched by • harpoon • set net • Sold as • (smoky) shark meal • shark fin
- 6. FAO s International Plan of Action for Sharks 1. Sustainable catches 7. Minimize waste and discards from shark 2. Assess threats, and catches protect critical habitats 8. Encourage full use of 3. Attention to vulnerable dead sharks stocks 9. Species-specific catch 4. Effective consultation and landings data 5. Minimize incidental 10.Reporting of species catches specific biological and trade data. 6. Protection of biodiversity and ecosystem
- 7. Conservation Status • IUCN’s Red List • CITES • Appendix I • The Bonn Convention • The convention of the migratory species of wild animals • Appendix II: unfavourable conservation status • UN fish stocks agreement
- 8. Taiwan’s regulatory framework • The Fisheries Law • Limit or prohibit harvest, sale, fishing gear and fishing in certain grounds or periods • The Wildlife Conservation Law • According to CITES • The Foreign Trade Act • Restriction of exports and imports • Monitory system
- 9. Monitory system • Ban harvesting • Whale shark • Report after catch • Basking shark • Megamouth shark • Great white
- 10. Methods • Analysis of catch and trade data • compared with TRAFFIC-India data • Trade and market survey • 85 marketplaces • 1600 retail seafood stalls • Restaurants => Telephone surveys • DNA analysis • Literature review and interview
- 11. Results
- 12. Catch data Whale shark Size around Taiwan(Jan 2000 - Mar 2002) and Veraval(1999 - 2000)
- 13. Catch Data(cont.) Landing by county Jan 2001-Mar 2002
- 14. International Trade • Volume exports and imports, Taiwan 1996-2001
- 15. Newspaper reports • No. of Whale Shark items in Taiwan’s major newspapers, by topic, Jan 1996 - Nov 2001
- 16. Market Survey Whale Shark meat distribution
- 17. Landing Price for whole sharks • Landing and price records of whole Whale Shark found in the Taiwan press
- 18. Whale shark products • Fin • of poorer taste, and harder to prepare, than the expensive Basking Shark fin • USD 12.83/kg • Meat • USD 13.93/kg by 1997 • Smoked meat • USD 9.26/kg
- 19. Taipei’s wholesale market and prices • Wholesale records for Whale Shark, Feb 1998 - Aug 2001
- 20. Discussion
- 21. Catch data • Apparent decline in catch could be attributable to a reduction in Whale Shark numbers. • Whale Sharks harvested around Taiwan < 7 m in length and averaged 4.65 m (average 7.7 m at maturity). (Fowler, 2000)
- 22. Market data • Market having grown significantly since the mid-80s. • Localized availability • need to process and sell quickly owing to rapid build up of ammonia
- 23. Comparing market and catch data • approximately 27 t of meat could be obtained from this catch • Taipei sold a total volume of 42 t of Whale Shark between Jan and Aug 2001 • Imported illegally from India and Philippines. • Current political situation between China and Taiwan • Whale Sharks caught near Taiwan have tender meat
- 24. Conclusions
- 25. Recommendations • Investigate the claims that imported Whale Shark meat is entering Taiwan through unofficial channels and, if necessary, introduce measures to address this • Review the merits of alternative uses of Whale Shark, such as ecotourism, by conducting a feasibility study • Promote international co-operation, for example, tagging
- 26. Reference • Martin, R. A. (2007). quot;A review of behavioural ecology of whale sharks (Rhincodon typus).quot; Fisheries Research 84(1): 10-16.