This document provides an overview of the macroeconomy of the United Kingdom. It discusses key macroeconomic indicators such as the exchange rate, GDP, inflation, unemployment, industrial performance, balance of payments, financial balance, and the budgetary deficit. The UK faces challenges of rising unemployment, a large budget deficit, and weak economic growth that has led to multiple recessions. Proposed solutions to these macroeconomic problems include demand-side policies, supply-side reforms, fiscal austerity measures, and policies to boost investment.
Inspirational presentation from Nick Parsons,Head of Research, UK and Europe and Global Head FX Strategy | Wholesale Banking | National Australia Bank Limited
The saturday economist, uk economic outlook june 2015John Ashcroft
The Saturday Economist, UK Economic Outlook Q2 June 2015. In the UK we expect the economy to grow by 2.8% in 2015 following growth of 2.8% last year. In the US the recovery continues with growth of 2.9% expected in the year ahead.
The inflation outlook is much more benign, with the fall in world oil, energy, food and commodity prices continuing to dominate headline inflation.
The UK economy grew by just 2.4% in the first quarter, weakness in construction and manufacturing growth largely to blame. The service sector continues to drive growth. Check out our quarterly update from The Saturday Economist, now mailing to 50,000 businesses every week.
This is a presentation on aspects of the recent performance of the UK economy. All students are expected to have a good contextual knowledge of recent trends in indicators such as economic growth, inflation, unemployment, the trade balance, interest rates and government borrowing.
This is a revision presentation on the state of the UK economy five months on from the June 23rd Brexit vote.
Overview:
Post-Brexit impact yet to fully materialize in the macro data
Inflation is back with rising commodity prices and a weaker currency since June 2016
Labour market performance remains strong
But scale of UK current account deficit is a problem
Structural weaknesses on the UK supply-side are unlikely to be resolved soon despite renewed focus on infrastructure and industrial policy in the new May/Hammond government
Productivity and skills gaps hurt UK competitiveness
Risk is that Brexit will lower the UK’s trend growth rate if the economy is not “match-fit” post 2019
Lots of external uncertainties as we head into 2017
The UK Quarterly Economics Outlook September 2014
The UK recovery continues into Q3. We expect growth of around 3.1% this year …investment will increase by 8%, construction by 5% and manufacturing by over 3.5%.
The trade figures will continue to disappoint. The current account deficit at over 5% of GDP may emerge as a serious constraint to growth …
In this September economics update we forecast growth of 3.1% in 2014 slowing to 2.8% next year. Inflation will remain slightly below target over the balance of the year. Unemployment will continue to fall, government borrowing will also fall, the service sector will lead the recovery as manufacturing and construction output also rise.
Inspirational presentation from Nick Parsons,Head of Research, UK and Europe and Global Head FX Strategy | Wholesale Banking | National Australia Bank Limited
The saturday economist, uk economic outlook june 2015John Ashcroft
The Saturday Economist, UK Economic Outlook Q2 June 2015. In the UK we expect the economy to grow by 2.8% in 2015 following growth of 2.8% last year. In the US the recovery continues with growth of 2.9% expected in the year ahead.
The inflation outlook is much more benign, with the fall in world oil, energy, food and commodity prices continuing to dominate headline inflation.
The UK economy grew by just 2.4% in the first quarter, weakness in construction and manufacturing growth largely to blame. The service sector continues to drive growth. Check out our quarterly update from The Saturday Economist, now mailing to 50,000 businesses every week.
This is a presentation on aspects of the recent performance of the UK economy. All students are expected to have a good contextual knowledge of recent trends in indicators such as economic growth, inflation, unemployment, the trade balance, interest rates and government borrowing.
This is a revision presentation on the state of the UK economy five months on from the June 23rd Brexit vote.
Overview:
Post-Brexit impact yet to fully materialize in the macro data
Inflation is back with rising commodity prices and a weaker currency since June 2016
Labour market performance remains strong
But scale of UK current account deficit is a problem
Structural weaknesses on the UK supply-side are unlikely to be resolved soon despite renewed focus on infrastructure and industrial policy in the new May/Hammond government
Productivity and skills gaps hurt UK competitiveness
Risk is that Brexit will lower the UK’s trend growth rate if the economy is not “match-fit” post 2019
Lots of external uncertainties as we head into 2017
The UK Quarterly Economics Outlook September 2014
The UK recovery continues into Q3. We expect growth of around 3.1% this year …investment will increase by 8%, construction by 5% and manufacturing by over 3.5%.
The trade figures will continue to disappoint. The current account deficit at over 5% of GDP may emerge as a serious constraint to growth …
In this September economics update we forecast growth of 3.1% in 2014 slowing to 2.8% next year. Inflation will remain slightly below target over the balance of the year. Unemployment will continue to fall, government borrowing will also fall, the service sector will lead the recovery as manufacturing and construction output also rise.
The saturday economist uk economic outlook september 2015John Ashcroft
The Saturday Economist, UK Economic Outlook, September 2015. Latest forecasts following ONS Second Estimate of GDP released at the end of August. We still forecast growth of 2.8% this year and into next despite the fears about China and sluggish growth in Europe.
The UN/DESA Expert Group Meeting on the World Economy (Project LINK) was held in New York on 24-26 October. The agenda of the meeting included three broad items: (1) Economic outlook for the world economy in 2012-2013, (2) Major macroeconomic policy issues, and (3) Econometric modelling. The LINK Global Economic Outlook summarizes the forecasts for the world economy in 2012-2013. Also available are the LINK Country Reports which contain detailed country forecasts and policy analyses.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
The Saturday Economist, Latest GDP updates suggest UK will grow by 3% this year. Service sector, construction and investment will boost output. Interest rates will rise in Q4 2015 as US paves the way ...
New developments cast doubts on global recovery
This monthly briefing highlights that sequestration may lead to lower growth in the United States, continuing weaknesses in the European Union, China announcing a GDP target of 7.5 per cent, while India boosts budget spending.
For more information:
http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/index.shtml
Swedbank Economic Outlook 29 September 2009Swedbank
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
2018 has been a year dominated by increased uncertainty over the possibility of the UK making a disorderly exit from the European Union and, given the instability of domestic politics at the moment, it would be a surprise if 2019 panned out differently. According to research from the National Institute of Economic and Social Research, If the government’s proposed Brexit deal is implemented, then GDP in the longer term will be around 4 per cent lower than it would have been had the UK stayed in the EU. This is roughly equivalent to losing the annual output of Wales or the output of the financial services industry in London. This is equivalent to a loss of 3 per cent in GDP per head, worth around £1,000 per person per annum to people in the UK.
The economy is going through a soft patch.
Unemployment increased due to this and seasonal
factors, but started rapidly falling in April.
Macroeconomic balances mostly improved in
the 1Q10. A lot of slack in the economy helped
inflationary tensions ease in this period and the CPI
inflation rate should remain within the central bank
target band for the next four quarters at least. The
four quarter rolling current account deficit rose
slightly in terms of GDP while the central government
deficit came lower than expected.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
Using the data, explain two likely causes of the forecast of slower growth for the UK economy
Examine two difficulties facing economists when forecasting economic growth
Swedbank Economic Outlook - 2010, September 21Swedbank
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
Geography and History of Sweden
Sweden is the fourth largest European country with a total area of 450,295 sq. kms. It is
physically located to the east of the Scandinavian Peninsula. Sweden slopes to the east and South
from Kjolen Mountains, bordering Norway with Kebnekaise as its highest point (about 2,123m).
Mountains and lakes characterize Northern Sweden while southern and eastern regions have
lowlands, with plains and fertile forestry valleys.
- See more at: http://www.customwritingservice.org/blog/academic-research-paper-on-sweden
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
The United Kingdom is the fifth-largest national economy in the world measured by nominal gross domestic product (GDP), ninth-largest in the world measured by purchasing power parity (PPP), and nineteenth-largest in the world measured by GDP per capita, comprising 4% of world GDP. It is the second-largest economy in the European Union by both metrics. In 2016, the UK was 19/28 for GDP growth in Europe, with the third lowest unemployment rate.
The saturday economist uk economic outlook september 2015John Ashcroft
The Saturday Economist, UK Economic Outlook, September 2015. Latest forecasts following ONS Second Estimate of GDP released at the end of August. We still forecast growth of 2.8% this year and into next despite the fears about China and sluggish growth in Europe.
The UN/DESA Expert Group Meeting on the World Economy (Project LINK) was held in New York on 24-26 October. The agenda of the meeting included three broad items: (1) Economic outlook for the world economy in 2012-2013, (2) Major macroeconomic policy issues, and (3) Econometric modelling. The LINK Global Economic Outlook summarizes the forecasts for the world economy in 2012-2013. Also available are the LINK Country Reports which contain detailed country forecasts and policy analyses.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
The Saturday Economist, Latest GDP updates suggest UK will grow by 3% this year. Service sector, construction and investment will boost output. Interest rates will rise in Q4 2015 as US paves the way ...
New developments cast doubts on global recovery
This monthly briefing highlights that sequestration may lead to lower growth in the United States, continuing weaknesses in the European Union, China announcing a GDP target of 7.5 per cent, while India boosts budget spending.
For more information:
http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/policy/index.shtml
Swedbank Economic Outlook 29 September 2009Swedbank
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
2018 has been a year dominated by increased uncertainty over the possibility of the UK making a disorderly exit from the European Union and, given the instability of domestic politics at the moment, it would be a surprise if 2019 panned out differently. According to research from the National Institute of Economic and Social Research, If the government’s proposed Brexit deal is implemented, then GDP in the longer term will be around 4 per cent lower than it would have been had the UK stayed in the EU. This is roughly equivalent to losing the annual output of Wales or the output of the financial services industry in London. This is equivalent to a loss of 3 per cent in GDP per head, worth around £1,000 per person per annum to people in the UK.
The economy is going through a soft patch.
Unemployment increased due to this and seasonal
factors, but started rapidly falling in April.
Macroeconomic balances mostly improved in
the 1Q10. A lot of slack in the economy helped
inflationary tensions ease in this period and the CPI
inflation rate should remain within the central bank
target band for the next four quarters at least. The
four quarter rolling current account deficit rose
slightly in terms of GDP while the central government
deficit came lower than expected.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
Using the data, explain two likely causes of the forecast of slower growth for the UK economy
Examine two difficulties facing economists when forecasting economic growth
Swedbank Economic Outlook - 2010, September 21Swedbank
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
Geography and History of Sweden
Sweden is the fourth largest European country with a total area of 450,295 sq. kms. It is
physically located to the east of the Scandinavian Peninsula. Sweden slopes to the east and South
from Kjolen Mountains, bordering Norway with Kebnekaise as its highest point (about 2,123m).
Mountains and lakes characterize Northern Sweden while southern and eastern regions have
lowlands, with plains and fertile forestry valleys.
- See more at: http://www.customwritingservice.org/blog/academic-research-paper-on-sweden
Swedbank was founded in 1820, as Sweden’s first savings bank was established. Today, our heritage is visible in that we truly are a bank for each and every one and in that we still strive to contribute to a sustainable development of society and our environment. We are strongly committed to society as a whole and keen to help bring about a sustainable form of societal development. Our Swedish operations hold an ISO 14001 environmental certification, and environmental work is an integral part of our business activities.
The United Kingdom is the fifth-largest national economy in the world measured by nominal gross domestic product (GDP), ninth-largest in the world measured by purchasing power parity (PPP), and nineteenth-largest in the world measured by GDP per capita, comprising 4% of world GDP. It is the second-largest economy in the European Union by both metrics. In 2016, the UK was 19/28 for GDP growth in Europe, with the third lowest unemployment rate.
Fiscal Policy (Austerity) in the UK Economytutor2u
In this short revision video I try to explain some of the key arguments for and against the policy of fiscal austerity being carried out by the conservative government in an attempt to cut the budget deficit and control / reduce the scale of government debt as a share of GDP. It is essentially a debate between fiscal conservatives and Keynesian economists!
The Saturday Economist UK Economic Outlook December 2015John Ashcroft
The Saturday Economist, UK Economic Outlook December 2015 is out now. We have lowered our forecasts for growth in 2015 and 2016. Check out over twenty pages of analysis
This is a video recording of a live AS macro revision webinar that looked at some examples of external demand and supply-side shocks that can affect countries such as the UK. In the video I explained six key "shock absorbers" - ways in which a country might be better placed to cope with the impact of world demand, supply and financial shocks to their economic systems.
GM Chamber of Commerce, UK economic outlook March 2014John Ashcroft
Each quarter we upgrade our forecasts for the UK economy, on behalf of the Greater Manchester Chamber of Commerce.
Forecasts include world growth and world trade estimates. Down load the file here and don't forget to visit the Saturday Economist web site!
RED BOX, RED YEARS (THE TREND OF BUDGET, BUDGET SIZE INDEX AND BUDGET PER CAPITA IN UK)
http://iilss.net/
http://maynter.com
AWAKE LIONS (UK GOVERNMENTAL WEIGHT INDEX ANALYSIS)
UK WITH EU ACHIEVE TO WHAT? (UK POLITICAL WEIGHT INDEX ANALYSIS)
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
what is the future of Pi Network currency.DOT TECH
The future of the Pi cryptocurrency is uncertain, and its success will depend on several factors. Pi is a relatively new cryptocurrency that aims to be user-friendly and accessible to a wide audience. Here are a few key considerations for its future:
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram if u want to sell PI COINS.
1. Mainnet Launch: As of my last knowledge update in January 2022, Pi was still in the testnet phase. Its success will depend on a successful transition to a mainnet, where actual transactions can take place.
2. User Adoption: Pi's success will be closely tied to user adoption. The more users who join the network and actively participate, the stronger the ecosystem can become.
3. Utility and Use Cases: For a cryptocurrency to thrive, it must offer utility and practical use cases. The Pi team has talked about various applications, including peer-to-peer transactions, smart contracts, and more. The development and implementation of these features will be essential.
4. Regulatory Environment: The regulatory environment for cryptocurrencies is evolving globally. How Pi navigates and complies with regulations in various jurisdictions will significantly impact its future.
5. Technology Development: The Pi network must continue to develop and improve its technology, security, and scalability to compete with established cryptocurrencies.
6. Community Engagement: The Pi community plays a critical role in its future. Engaged users can help build trust and grow the network.
7. Monetization and Sustainability: The Pi team's monetization strategy, such as fees, partnerships, or other revenue sources, will affect its long-term sustainability.
It's essential to approach Pi or any new cryptocurrency with caution and conduct due diligence. Cryptocurrency investments involve risks, and potential rewards can be uncertain. The success and future of Pi will depend on the collective efforts of its team, community, and the broader cryptocurrency market dynamics. It's advisable to stay updated on Pi's development and follow any updates from the official Pi Network website or announcements from the team.
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
RIGHT NOW THE ONLY WAY you can sell pi coins is through verified pi merchants. A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges and crypto whales. Looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale or ico offerings, the only way to get my coins is from buying from miners. So a merchant facilitates the transactions between the miners and these exchanges holding pi.
I and my friends has sold more than 6000 pi coins successfully with this method. I will be happy to share the contact of my personal pi merchant. The one i trade with, if you have your own merchant you can trade with them. For those who are new.
Message: @Pi_vendor_247 on telegram.
I wouldn't advise you selling all percentage of the pi coins. Leave at least a before so its a win win during open mainnet. Have a nice day pioneers ♥️
#kyc #mainnet #picoins #pi #sellpi #piwallet
#pinetwork
The European Unemployment Puzzle: implications from population agingGRAPE
We study the link between the evolving age structure of the working population and unemployment. We build a large new Keynesian OLG model with a realistic age structure, labor market frictions, sticky prices, and aggregate shocks. Once calibrated to the European economy, we quantify the extent to which demographic changes over the last three decades have contributed to the decline of the unemployment rate. Our findings yield important implications for the future evolution of unemployment given the anticipated further aging of the working population in Europe. We also quantify the implications for optimal monetary policy: lowering inflation volatility becomes less costly in terms of GDP and unemployment volatility, which hints that optimal monetary policy may be more hawkish in an aging society. Finally, our results also propose a partial reversal of the European-US unemployment puzzle due to the fact that the share of young workers is expected to remain robust in the US.
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
The secret way to sell pi coins effortlessly.DOT TECH
Well as we all know pi isn't launched yet. But you can still sell your pi coins effortlessly because some whales in China are interested in holding massive pi coins. And they are willing to pay good money for it. If you are interested in selling I will leave a contact for you. Just telegram this number below. I sold about 3000 pi coins to him and he paid me immediately.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
Financial Assets: Debit vs Equity Securities.pptxWrito-Finance
financial assets represent claim for future benefit or cash. Financial assets are formed by establishing contracts between participants. These financial assets are used for collection of huge amounts of money for business purposes.
Two major Types: Debt Securities and Equity Securities.
Debt Securities are Also known as fixed-income securities or instruments. The type of assets is formed by establishing contracts between investor and issuer of the asset.
• The first type of Debit securities is BONDS. Bonds are issued by corporations and government (both local and national government).
• The second important type of Debit security is NOTES. Apart from similarities associated with notes and bonds, notes have shorter term maturity.
• The 3rd important type of Debit security is TRESURY BILLS. These securities have short-term ranging from three months, six months, and one year. Issuer of such securities are governments.
• Above discussed debit securities are mostly issued by governments and corporations. CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS CDs are issued by Banks and Financial Institutions. Risk factor associated with CDs gets reduced when issued by reputable institutions or Banks.
Following are the risk attached with debt securities: Credit risk, interest rate risk and currency risk
There are no fixed maturity dates in such securities, and asset’s value is determined by company’s performance. There are two major types of equity securities: common stock and preferred stock.
Common Stock: These are simple equity securities and bear no complexities which the preferred stock bears. Holders of such securities or instrument have the voting rights when it comes to select the company’s board of director or the business decisions to be made.
Preferred Stock: Preferred stocks are sometime referred to as hybrid securities, because it contains elements of both debit security and equity security. Preferred stock confers ownership rights to security holder that is why it is equity instrument
<a href="https://www.writofinance.com/equity-securities-features-types-risk/" >Equity securities </a> as a whole is used for capital funding for companies. Companies have multiple expenses to cover. Potential growth of company is required in competitive market. So, these securities are used for capital generation, and then uses it for company’s growth.
Concluding remarks
Both are employed in business. Businesses are often established through debit securities, then what is the need for equity securities. Companies have to cover multiple expenses and expansion of business. They can also use equity instruments for repayment of debits. So, there are multiple uses for securities. As an investor, you need tools for analysis. Investment decisions are made by carefully analyzing the market. For better analysis of the stock market, investors often employ financial analysis of companies.
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
where can I find a legit pi merchant onlineDOT TECH
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
@Pi_vendor_247
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the telegram id of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Tele gram: @Pi_vendor_247
#pi #sell #nigeria #pinetwork #picoins #sellpi #Nigerian #tradepi #pinetworkcoins #sellmypi
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
Webinar Exploring DORA for Fintechs - Simont Braun
A study on macro economy of UK
1. A Study on Macro economy
of
United Kingdom
SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:
ABHISHEK VERMA (ROLL NO – 02) Dr. Jaydeep Mukherjee
ANKUR HURA (ROLL NO – 07) Professor
CYRIL SHARMA (ROLL NO – 12) Indian Institute of Foreign Trade
RAM JATAN KUMAR MAHATO (ROLL NO – 35)
TARIQUE ANWER (ROLL NO – 44)
MBA PT 2012-2015
3. 1. Introduction
Agreed on the Two and Twentieth Day of July, in the fifth year of the Reign of Her moft
Excellent Majesty Queen ANNE (i.e. 22nd July 1706), by commiffioners Nominated on behalf of
the Kingdom of England, in purfuance of the Act made in England, the commiffioners
Nominated on behalf of the Kingdom of Scotland, under Her Majesties Great Seal of Scotland,
purfuaent to an Act made in Scotland. The ACT (made in the parliament of Scotland) Intituled,
ACT Ratifying and Approving the Treaty of Union of the Kingdom of Scotland and England.
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United
Kingdom (UK) and Britain, is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental
Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of
Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land
border with another state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is
surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean in the west and north, the North Sea in the east, the English
Channel in the south and the Irish Sea in the west.
The economic freedom of UK is 74.8, which makes its economy the 14th freest in the index of
2013. Its growth of score is 0.7 point higher than last year, which reflects efforts to improve
control of government spending. The U.K. is ranked 5th out of 43 countries in the Europe region.
Political Overview
The United Kingdom is governed within the framework of a constitutional monarchy, in which
the Monarch is the head of state and the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of
government. The current Prime Minister, David Cameron, leader of the Conservative Party, was
appointed by the Queen on 11 May 2010.
United Kingdom has got a stable government with moderate risk (social unrest data published by
The Economist Intelligence Unit Limited. www. http://viewswire.eiu.com) but there exist an
economic distress because of the Monarchy Government System. The risk of political unrest has
increased in 2009/10 in comparison with 2007 which may give birth to instability of
Government.
The relation of United Kingdom with European Union retrieved again in 2011 when UK vetoed
against the proposal made by France and Germany. The tensions over UK-EU relations, fiscal
austerity and economic weakness may persist. But it expected that the government to survive
until close to the end of its five-year term in May 2015. UK is expecting more monetary stimulus
4. since the deficit progress is slowing down. The economy stagnated in 2012 and remains fragile.
Real GDP is likely to grow by just 0.5% in 2013 and by an annual average of 1.1% in 2014-17.
Exchange rate of Pound Sterling in the past significantly gone down, which can be observed in
the graphs as under:
Exchange Rate
120.0
100.0
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
United Kingdom
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Year
Exchange Rate
Year
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Ex. Rate(INR) 97.5 100.2 99.3 100.8 97.1 101.6 100.0 100.5 102.2 89.5 80.1 79.6 79.0 82.4
Source: http://www.oecd.org, GBP vs INR(vertical axis)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP):
UK is the third largest economy in Europe after Germany and France. Over the past two decades,
the government has greatly reduced public ownership and contained the growth of social welfare
programs. UK is producing about 60% of its food needs with less than 2% of the labour force.
The UK became a net importer of energy in 2005. After emerging from recession in 1992,
Britain's economy enjoyed the longest period of expansion on record during which time growth
outpaced most of Western Europe. In 2008, however, the global financial crisis hit the economy.
Sharply declining home prices, high consumer debt, and the global economic slowdown
compounded Britain's economic problems, pushing the economy into recession in the latter half
of 2008 and prompting the government to implement a number of measures to stimulate the
economy and stabilize the financial markets; In 2010 the government initiated a five-year
5. austerity program, to lower budget deficit from over 10% of GDP in 2010 to nearly 1% by 2015.
The government raised the value added tax from 17.5% to 20% in 2011. It has pledged to reduce
the corporation tax rate to 21% by 2014. The Bank of England (BoE) implemented an asset
purchase program of up to £375 billion (approximately $605 billion) as of December 2012.
In 2012, weak consumer spending and subdued business investment weighed on the economy.
GDP fell 0.1%, and the budget deficit remained stubbornly high at 7.7% of GDP.
7.0
6.0
5.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
-1.0
-2.0
-3.0
-4.0
1988-98
1988-
98
Nominal GDP
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Nominal GDP
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Nominal
GDP 6.3 5.3 4.9 4.6 4.8 6.4 5.6 5.2 5.6 5.9 2.0 -2.7 4.6 3.6 2.0
Inflation
From 1989 until 2013, the United Kingdom Inflation Rate averaged 2.81 Percent reaching an all
time high of 8.50 Percent in April of 1991 and a record low of 0.50 Percent in May of 2000. In
the United Kingdom, the most important categories in the consumer price index are Transport
(16.2 percent of the total weight) and Housing, Water, Electricity, Gas and Other fuels (14.4
percent). Recreation and Culture accounts for 13.4 percent, Restaurants and Hotels for 11.4
percent, and Food and Non-alcoholic Beverages for 11.2 percent contributes to CPI. The index
also includes: Miscellaneous Goods and Services (9.6 percent); Clothing and Footwear (6.5
percent); Furniture, Household Equipment and Maintenance (6.1 percent). Alcoholic Beverages
and Tobacco; Health, Communication and Education account for remaining 11.2 percent of total
weight
6. The trend of Inflation till 2012 can be observed as under:
Inflation
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Year
Inflation
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
5.00%
4.00%
3.00%
2.00%
1.00%
0.00%
-1.00%
Inflation 3.24% 2.85% 3.85% -0.34% 1.64% 3.16% 2.07%
Unemployment Rate
Unemployment is close to double figures (8.5%) – 2.5 million. The official figures also hide
some disguised unemployment, (such as enforced part-time work / early retirement) but,
unemployment is still a significant problem.
Unemployment is such a pressing economic problem because:
Increases relative poverty in the UK. (Unemployment benefits are substantially lower than
average wages). Unemployment is particularly stressful, causing alienation and reduced living
standards. Social division, fortunately, unemployment hasn’t increased to southern European
levels. Budgetary cost, persistently high unemployment adds to the budget deficit. The
government have to spend more on benefits, and they receive lower taxes. If unemployment
falls, it will be much easier to tackle the budget deficit.
7. Unemployment Rate
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Year
Unemployment
Rate
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
2004
2005
Unemployment
Rate
4.7 4.7 5.5 5.3 5.4 7.8 7.9 8.0
Industrial Performance
The latest graph for economic growth shows the UK in a double dip recession. There are signs
that the UK may recover soon, but since 2008 growth has been way below the long run trend rate
of growth, leading to a significant loss in potential output.
Low economic growth adversely affects many different economic problems:
8. Industrial Performance
2010 2011 2012
Year
2010 2011 2012
91.5
91
90.5
90
89.5
89
88.5
88
87.5
87
86.5
Industrial
Production
90.8727 90.3018 88.2628
Balance of Payment
Industrial
Production
The Balance of Payments is the record of a country’s transactions / trade with the rest of the
world.
The balance of payments consists of:
1. Current Account (trade in goods, services + investment incomes + transfers)
2. Capital Account / Financial Account (capital and financial flows, net investment, portfolio
investment)
3. Errors and omissions. It is hard to collect all data so some is missed out.
In theory there should be a balancing between capital and current / financial account. If there is a
current account deficit, there should be a surplus on the capital / financial account.
Here we see that UK’s BoP is -1.9 in 2011. UK is trying to improve but in vain. In other words,
if we have a deficit on the current account to buy goods from China, we need foreign currency to
come from some other source to keep buying these imports.
10. 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
financial
balance,
surplus
(+),
deficit (-
)
-2.8 -5.0 -10.9 -10.1 -8.3 -6.6
Budgetary Deficit
Government debt is less pressing than the government have claimed. Since few years, they have
given indication that reducing debt levels are the most pressing economic problem. Because of
debt, the government have pursued austerity leading to lower growth. Long term spending
commitments and long-term debt forecasts are a problem. With an ageing population and
perhaps lower growth rates, it could be difficult to finance long-term spending commitments
from current tax levels. Debt is a long-term problem rather than short-term.
Budgetary Deficit
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
0
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10
-12
Budgetary
Deficit
-3.4 -3.4 -3.4 -2.7 -2.7 -5.1 -11.5 -10.2 -7.8
-14
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Year
Budgetary Deficit
11. Global downturn, slump, recession add to the woes of all the countries worldwide.
Economies are trying their best to overcome this disaster for future growth and upscaling
output. Macroeconomic problems United Kingdom facing are :
Problem 1 – Rising Unemployment & hence thrifty consumers:
Solutions
Phillips Curve
It used to be largely believed that unemployment could be solved using the Phillips curve. This involves
increasing inflation to reduce unemployment by fooling workers into accepting jobsat a lower rate than
they would otherwise have done, due to the declining value of money. However, since the work of Milton
Friedman, it is widely accepted that the Phillips curve is vertical in the long run: you cannot achieve a
lowering of the unemployment rate in the long run, and attempts to do so will only cause inflat ion.
Demand side policies
Monetary policy and fiscal policy can both be used to increase short -term growth in the economy,
increasing the demand for labour and decreasing unemployment. The demand for labour in an economy
is derived from the demand for goods and services. As such, if the demand for goods and services in the
economy increases, the demand for labour will increase, increasing employment and wages.
Supply side policies
Minimum wages and union activity keep wages from falling, which means too many people want to sell
their labour at the going price but cannot. Supply-side policies can solve this by making the labour market
more flexible. These include removing the minimum wage and reducing the power of unions, which act as
a labour cartel.
Other supply side policies include education to make workers more attractive to employers. Cutting taxes
onn businesses and reducing regulation, create jobs and reduce unemployment.
Shifting tax burden
This method will shift tax burden to capital intensive firms and away from labour intensive firms. In theory
this will make firms shift operations to a more politically desired balance between labour intensive and
capital intensive production. The excess tax revenue from the jobs levy would finance labour intensive
public projects. However, by raising the value of labour artificially above capital, this would discourage
capital investment, the source of economic growth. With less growth, long-run employment would fall.
Problem – 2 : Rising FISCAL DEFICIT - UK heading for triple-dip recession as GDP
shrinks.
12. Solutions –
1. Austerity Measures – There is always a possibility to reduce huge expenses done by
Govt. If Govt. Really wants to reduce the deficit it should restrain from splurging on its
diplomats and ministers. In long run this step will be beneficial for the economy. It will
create a positive sentiment in the country.
2. Boost to Investment – Once country opens up its door for FDI and FII’s, Investors see an
opportunity to invest in the country if the returns are favourable. More the investment,
more the surplus and also it can help in setting up industries. Fiscal Expansionary and
Monetary Expansionary tools may be used to stimulate the economy. Retaining Capital
Account Surplus and avoiding Capital Flight to safety.
3. Boosting Exports and Restricting Imports – Raising import prices will lead to give
domestic players an opportunity to grow, which will eventually lead to higher GDP of
the country.
4. Monitoring Borrowing – Borrowing from external sources like IMF, World Bank, etc. Or
from internal sources like Private sector’s in a country has negative effects on the output
and it will increase deficit. So in order to strategically reduce the impact tracking the
borrowing and expenses may help.
13. Problem - 3 THE UK AND THE EUROPEAN UNION: A DIFFICULT RELATIONSHIP
Solution : It seems that generally there is limited trust among UK decision makers in the
politics and implementation efforts of other EU member states as well as EU institutions. For
example the Schengen opt-out, European Parliament (that foreigner ministers are involved in
shaping legislation is seen as a strange concept).
Furthermore the political culture of the UK seems to have a problem with the concept of
‘compromise’ and ‘negotiations’ which is vital for European institutions. UK need to accept that
the EU is here to stay and that different policies should be decided on the different levels with
the appropriate democratic control. There has been a negative sentiment about foreigners (EU) in
UK which needs to be taken care of . There is also a “Trust Deficit” among UK and EU. UK will loose
the “Weight and influence” it holds in EU region , if it opts out of EU. So rather than running away
UK should take a lead and give some constructive solutions to EU on the global crisis, like Strategic
planning for the recovery of long term financial crisis. UK also need to increase its EU
bargaining power.