Currently the U.S. Forest Service implements thinning projects by paying contractors to cut and pile trees and brush, then either burning the slash itself or paying contractors to burn also. A more cost-efficient alternative might be to market the smallwood rather than burn it; a complementary alternative would be to increase the efficiency of smallwood removal.
Heading an alliance of industry executives, forest contractors and government agencies, MCDC coordinated the publication of a 2004 white paper entitled A Study of How to Decrease the Costs of Collecting, Processing and Transporting Slash.
The study found that in certain situations, slash removal could be made economically viable through the use of trucks equipped with hooklifts and roll on/off containers, because these trucks can reach slash piles that are too remote for large chip vans.
Since the study’s publication, significant conceptual advances in forest-related roll on/off container technology have been made. This report will summarize those advances. It will also outline several new studies that are now underway to test the economic and environmental viability of these new technologies.
0. Bioheat 100_Ukraine_regional_action_plan_Biomass_supply_chain_150225Patrick de Jamblinne
The document proposes a "BioHeat 100" regional action plan to develop biomass supply chains in 3 regions of Ukraine to replace fossil fuels for district heating. Key points include:
- Replacing 100 million cubic meters of natural gas annually with 278,000 tons of locally sourced biomass to save over €2.2 million per year in fuel costs.
- Creating a Biomass Trade Centre to provide technical assistance, certification, and an investment fund to establish reliable biomass supply chains.
- Mobilizing unused agricultural land and waste biomass through investments in equipment, infrastructure, and training to establish a sustainable and competitive local biofuel industry that creates over 2,200 jobs annually.
-
Developing a business case for sustainable biomass generation a regional mo...Forest Business Network
A biomass energy feasibility study prepared for Northwestern Energy. Currently the U.S. Forest Service implements thinning projects by paying contractors to cut and pile trees and brush, then either burning the slash itself or paying contractors to burn also. A more cost-efficient alternative might be to market the smallwood rather than burn it; a complementary alternative would be to increase the efficiency of smallwood removal.
Heading an alliance of industry executives, forest contractors and government agencies, MCDC coordinated the publication of a 2004 white paper entitled A Study of How to Decrease the Costs of Collecting, Processing and Transporting Slash.
The study found that in certain situations, slash removal could be made economically viable through the use of trucks equipped with hooklifts and roll on/off containers, because these trucks can reach slash piles that are too remote for large chip vans.
Since the study’s publication, significant conceptual advances in forest-related roll on/off container technology have been made. This report will summarize those advances. It will also outline several new studies that are now underway to test the economic and environmental viability of these new technologies.
The document profiles Strategic Team Group, a facilities management company, and its subsidiary Strategic Energy, an energy services company formed in 2008 in response to client requests; it then provides details on understanding biomass heating, including the types of biomass fuel and its sustainability benefits as well as the types of buildings that can be heated by biomass systems.
The document presents a business plan for a proposed 5MW biomass power plant in Divinesia, Brazil. It includes macro energy data for Brazil, a simplified governance and operational flowchart, and an analysis of the project's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The executive summary outlines that the project has completed studies, expertise, land, and government support secured. It requests investment and partners to achieve the planned 30 million Brazilian real capital expenditure, 10 million real minimum equity requirement, and projected 21.72% internal rate of return over 25 years.
Multi-Objective Forest Vehicle Routing Using Savings-Insertion and Reactive T...IJERA Editor
This paper focuses on how the competitiveness of forestry companies in Canada is impacted by forest products distribution and transportation costs, especially in the context of exports. We propose a new two steps approach, consisting in building a good initial solution and then improving it to solve multi-objective forest vehicle routing problem. The main objective of this paper is to solve a multi-objective forest vehicle routing problem using the Savings-insertion, followed by the Reactive tabu, with a variable threshold. To that end, first, a mathematical model is established; secondly, our new Savings-insertion builds a good initial solution, and thirdly, our new Reactive tabu with a variable threshold improves the initial solution. The three main objectives are the minimization of number of routes, the minimization of total distance and the minimization of total time by respecting the specified time window and the demand of all customers, which are sometimes important in this field. Finally, the experimental results obtained with our methodology for the named vehicle routing problem are provided and discussed
This document summarizes ways to increase capacity and throughput in less-than-truckload (LTL) freight operations. It identifies chokepoints like sorting bills, travel between trailers, and finding materials. It recommends scientifically assigning doors to reduce travel time, using RFID technology and reports instead of bills to reduce sorting time, and ensuring materials are readily available to reduce waiting and defects. A linear model is suggested to optimize routing of pickup and delivery trucks to reduce miles traveled.
T.2.5 – road and logistic planning (by itene)SLOPE Project
The document outlines the objectives and proposed work plan for Project SLOPE's Task 2.5 on road and logistic planning. The objectives are to: 1) Identify logistics elements and their characteristics for site location and flow decisions; 2) Build and validate an optimization model to allocate landings to mills; and 3) Estimate traffic on roads for maintenance. The approaches discussed include using center of gravity, p-median, and mixed integer programming models to determine optimal site locations and flows. A dynamic linear programming model will also be used to handle changing demands over time. The proposed work plan involves understanding the supply chain, reviewing models, defining model elements, implementing the optimization and traffic models, and validating with a real scenario.
Here are the key advantages and disadvantages of different types of packaging:
Plastic-based packaging:
- Advantages: Durable, lightweight, moisture-resistant, clear for viewing contents.
- Disadvantages: Not biodegradable, can leak toxic chemicals, produces pollution.
Paper-based packaging:
- Advantages: Renewable resource, biodegradable, recyclable.
- Disadvantages: Not as durable as plastic, can be damaged more easily by moisture.
Wood-based packaging:
- Advantages: Renewable resource, biodegradable, durable.
- Disadvantages: Heavier than plastic or paper, more expensive, may contain treated
0. Bioheat 100_Ukraine_regional_action_plan_Biomass_supply_chain_150225Patrick de Jamblinne
The document proposes a "BioHeat 100" regional action plan to develop biomass supply chains in 3 regions of Ukraine to replace fossil fuels for district heating. Key points include:
- Replacing 100 million cubic meters of natural gas annually with 278,000 tons of locally sourced biomass to save over €2.2 million per year in fuel costs.
- Creating a Biomass Trade Centre to provide technical assistance, certification, and an investment fund to establish reliable biomass supply chains.
- Mobilizing unused agricultural land and waste biomass through investments in equipment, infrastructure, and training to establish a sustainable and competitive local biofuel industry that creates over 2,200 jobs annually.
-
Developing a business case for sustainable biomass generation a regional mo...Forest Business Network
A biomass energy feasibility study prepared for Northwestern Energy. Currently the U.S. Forest Service implements thinning projects by paying contractors to cut and pile trees and brush, then either burning the slash itself or paying contractors to burn also. A more cost-efficient alternative might be to market the smallwood rather than burn it; a complementary alternative would be to increase the efficiency of smallwood removal.
Heading an alliance of industry executives, forest contractors and government agencies, MCDC coordinated the publication of a 2004 white paper entitled A Study of How to Decrease the Costs of Collecting, Processing and Transporting Slash.
The study found that in certain situations, slash removal could be made economically viable through the use of trucks equipped with hooklifts and roll on/off containers, because these trucks can reach slash piles that are too remote for large chip vans.
Since the study’s publication, significant conceptual advances in forest-related roll on/off container technology have been made. This report will summarize those advances. It will also outline several new studies that are now underway to test the economic and environmental viability of these new technologies.
The document profiles Strategic Team Group, a facilities management company, and its subsidiary Strategic Energy, an energy services company formed in 2008 in response to client requests; it then provides details on understanding biomass heating, including the types of biomass fuel and its sustainability benefits as well as the types of buildings that can be heated by biomass systems.
The document presents a business plan for a proposed 5MW biomass power plant in Divinesia, Brazil. It includes macro energy data for Brazil, a simplified governance and operational flowchart, and an analysis of the project's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. The executive summary outlines that the project has completed studies, expertise, land, and government support secured. It requests investment and partners to achieve the planned 30 million Brazilian real capital expenditure, 10 million real minimum equity requirement, and projected 21.72% internal rate of return over 25 years.
Multi-Objective Forest Vehicle Routing Using Savings-Insertion and Reactive T...IJERA Editor
This paper focuses on how the competitiveness of forestry companies in Canada is impacted by forest products distribution and transportation costs, especially in the context of exports. We propose a new two steps approach, consisting in building a good initial solution and then improving it to solve multi-objective forest vehicle routing problem. The main objective of this paper is to solve a multi-objective forest vehicle routing problem using the Savings-insertion, followed by the Reactive tabu, with a variable threshold. To that end, first, a mathematical model is established; secondly, our new Savings-insertion builds a good initial solution, and thirdly, our new Reactive tabu with a variable threshold improves the initial solution. The three main objectives are the minimization of number of routes, the minimization of total distance and the minimization of total time by respecting the specified time window and the demand of all customers, which are sometimes important in this field. Finally, the experimental results obtained with our methodology for the named vehicle routing problem are provided and discussed
This document summarizes ways to increase capacity and throughput in less-than-truckload (LTL) freight operations. It identifies chokepoints like sorting bills, travel between trailers, and finding materials. It recommends scientifically assigning doors to reduce travel time, using RFID technology and reports instead of bills to reduce sorting time, and ensuring materials are readily available to reduce waiting and defects. A linear model is suggested to optimize routing of pickup and delivery trucks to reduce miles traveled.
T.2.5 – road and logistic planning (by itene)SLOPE Project
The document outlines the objectives and proposed work plan for Project SLOPE's Task 2.5 on road and logistic planning. The objectives are to: 1) Identify logistics elements and their characteristics for site location and flow decisions; 2) Build and validate an optimization model to allocate landings to mills; and 3) Estimate traffic on roads for maintenance. The approaches discussed include using center of gravity, p-median, and mixed integer programming models to determine optimal site locations and flows. A dynamic linear programming model will also be used to handle changing demands over time. The proposed work plan involves understanding the supply chain, reviewing models, defining model elements, implementing the optimization and traffic models, and validating with a real scenario.
Here are the key advantages and disadvantages of different types of packaging:
Plastic-based packaging:
- Advantages: Durable, lightweight, moisture-resistant, clear for viewing contents.
- Disadvantages: Not biodegradable, can leak toxic chemicals, produces pollution.
Paper-based packaging:
- Advantages: Renewable resource, biodegradable, recyclable.
- Disadvantages: Not as durable as plastic, can be damaged more easily by moisture.
Wood-based packaging:
- Advantages: Renewable resource, biodegradable, durable.
- Disadvantages: Heavier than plastic or paper, more expensive, may contain treated
Karttunen, K. 2012. Waterways – a future backbone of feedstock supply?Kalle Karttunen
Waterways could become a future backbone for supplying forest biomass feedstock. The document discusses inland waterway transport of forest chips in Finland. It summarizes demonstrations and simulations that analyzed different logistics concepts using barges and tugboats. The most cost-effective scenarios used a small tugboat with 1200-ton hopper barges and shift-independent loading/unloading at harbors. Waterway transport was found to be more cost-competitive than trucking for distances over 100-150 km. However, cost estimates have uncertainties and may have changed since fuel prices increased. Future visions include use of even larger barges.
Design and Analysis of Unloading Mechanism of TipperIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new design for the unloading mechanism of tipper trucks. Tipper trucks currently can only unload materials in one direction out the back, which limits their efficiency. The proposed new design would add two additional hydraulic cylinders on the sides to allow unloading on the left and right sides as well. This would make tippers more flexible to unload in tight spaces like construction sites and mines. It would reduce the time and fuel needed for unloading. The document reviews previous research on tipper truck designs and their limitations to support the idea that a three-way unloading mechanism could improve tipper truck performance and safety.
Dem Con Gold SWANA Award Recycling System Excellence 2015Ashley Davis-Pawlak
The document provides details about the Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) operated by DEM-CON in Shakopee, Minnesota. It describes the planning process that began in 2010 to identify the need for additional recycling capacity in the region. The 70,000 square foot MRF opened in November 2013 and uses state-of-the-art equipment to process 40 tons per hour of single-stream recyclables into separated paper, plastic, metal, and glass commodities. A step-by-step overview explains how the materials are tipped, screened, sorted both manually and automatically, and baled for end markets.
The document discusses aluminium commodities, noting that while aluminium is the most abundant metal on Earth, it was once considered precious until extraction and smelting processes became more efficient. Aluminium is now the most extensively used non-ferrous metal due to its light weight, flexibility, electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance. It is used in a variety of products including cans, foils and vehicle parts. World aluminium production in 2011 was led by Asia at 55% and Europe at 20%.
The Interstate Electrification Improvement Project installed shore power infrastructure at 50 truck stops across the US and provided rebates for idle reduction equipment on 5,000 trucks. The project achieved its goals of reducing fuel use and emissions while stimulating the economy. Key findings showed that shore power reduced costs compared to idling and was well-used during winter and summer. However, utilization could have been higher if more sites were available and fleets ensured their drivers used existing sites. Recommendations included expanding sites strategically along major routes, selecting sites where owners support shore power, and guaranteeing users access to power outlets.
CEMEX operates Balcones Quarry which produces crushed aggregate. The quarry uses haul trucks and loaders to transport aggregate from loading sites to a hopper, but experiences bottlenecks and idle time. The report analyzes the production process, identifies inefficiencies, and recommends solutions like adding equipment and improving traffic flow to increase throughput.
Crossdocking Insights from a Third Party Logistics Firm in Turkeyertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/crossdocking-insights-from-a-third-party-logistics-firm-in-turkey/
In the book "The Silk Road: Two Thousand Years in the Heart of Asia," Wood (2002) remarkably suggests that "the very name of 'Silk Road' is somewhat misleading." Wood explains as follows: "It [the name 'Silk Road'] suggests a continuous journey, whereas goods were in fact transported by a series of routes, a series of agents, passing through many hands before they reached their ultimate destination."
It's striking to realize that the Silk Road was a complete "crossdocking" operation, executed on a geographically dispersed collection of hubs and routes. Products neither traveled on a single route, nor were they stored on the way. Rather, they were staged for short periods at the hubs, and then were passed on towards the next hub on the route, typically by a new caravan or transportation mode.
Today, crossdocking is still very important and popular. Crossdocking has a great potential to bring great financial and time savings in logistics. For example, most of the logistics success of Wal-Mart, the world’s leading retailer, is attributed to crossdocking.
...
This document provides an introduction to materials handling equipment and its selection. It discusses the importance of materials handling in industrial operations and defines the key areas of bulk handling, unit handling, packaging, warehousing and carrier handling. The three main groups of materials handling equipment - hoisting equipment, conveying equipment, and surface and overhead equipment - are also outlined. Common types of materials handling equipment used across industries like manufacturing, construction, mining, food, and automotive are then listed. Finally, some typical hoisting machines and conveyors are depicted and their applications and details discussed.
Evolving Frac Sand Supply Chain and Logistics TrendsTaylor Robinson
The panel discussion focused on evolving trends in the frac sand supply chain and logistics. Three key trends were discussed: 1) Growing sand intensity and regional sand is shifting the logistics focus to "last mile" solutions for delivering sand to wells, 2) Supply chain responsibilities are evolving as various services are bundled, unbundled, or rebundled, and 3) New equipment and technologies are proliferating to increase efficiency, lower costs, and improve environmental performance in areas like portable storage, transloading, and software. The panelists represented companies involved in frac sand supply, logistics, and consulting.
This paper deals with testing theory regarding glass cars and road conveyance for Ark Compositions from their initial mechanical theory through the eventual remote theory of roads and cars.
DOI 10.1007s00291-005-0003-6REGULAR ARTICLEIeke le BlDustiBuckner14
This document summarizes a case study analyzing concepts to optimize the logistics network for collecting containers from vehicle dismantlers in the Netherlands. The network involves multiple depots, dismantlers, and recyclers. The study examines allowing direct shipment from dismantlers to recyclers, changing allocation of dismantlers to logistic service providers, and standardizing container lifting mechanisms. The problem is characterized as a vehicle routing problem with multiple depots, pickup and delivery, and limited vehicle capacity of two containers. A heuristic is developed to solve this special type of problem, which has not been well addressed in literature.
Transportation in a supply chain managementsai krishna
The document discusses transportation in supply chains. It describes the key factors in transportation decisions, various modes of transportation including their characteristics and considerations, and designing transportation networks. The roles of shippers and carriers are defined. Details are provided on transportation via air, truck, rail, water, pipeline, intermodal, and their trade-offs and issues in planning transportation.
Hyper Loop And Engro Coal Power ( National And International Projects Final R...RebekahSamuel2
This document provides an overview of two projects - the International Hyper Loop Project and the National Engro Coal Power Project. For the Hyper Loop Project, it discusses the objectives, need and importance of reducing travel times, and provides details on key milestones, routes being considered worldwide, and companies involved in developing the technology. It also includes the project charter outlining goals and deliverables. For the Engro Coal Power Project, it briefly introduces the objectives and need for the project in Thar and notes the scope will involve working phases, constructions and a public private partnership, but provides few other details.
The document discusses solid waste collection and transportation methods as well as landfill systems. It describes various collection services including curb, alley, and backyard collection. It also outlines equipment used for collection such as litter bins, brooms, shovels, community bins, handcarts, and motor vehicles. Methods of transportation to the landfill include trucks, dumpers, compactor vehicles, and auto vehicles. The document then discusses landfill systems including types of landfills, landfill operation methods like area, trench, open pit and canyon methods, and components of landfill design and operation.
This document discusses the design and development of an overhead monorail system for material handling at a food processing plant. The current manual system uses too many workers, has high costs, low efficiency and flexibility, and poses safety risks. An overhead monorail system was identified as a suitable alternative through literature review and site visits. Key needs for the monorail system design include load rating, safety factors, conveyor path, support method, and maximum lift load. Research methodology will include data collection, experimentation, mathematical design procedures, and computer-aided drawings. Design ratios will be used to analyze the current system and ensure optimal space utilization, equipment use, and productivity in the new monorail system.
1. Conveyors provide benefits over haulage trucks for transporting bulk materials, including lower operating costs due to less maintenance and fuel needs. Conveyors allow continuous flow of material and improved product quality by eliminating multiple handlings.
2. Studies have shown that conveyor systems can eliminate over 140,000 truck trips and 570,000 vehicle kilometers annually, providing significant fuel savings and reductions in labor, safety training, and emissions costs compared to haulage trucks.
3. Conveyors are more suitable than haulage trucks for inclined applications due to compromised truck efficiency on grades over 6 degrees. Properly sized and designed conveyor systems also provide energy savings through efficient motor selection and minimizing rolling resistance.
The document provides an overview of a company that offers integrated logistics services including technical services, packaging, transloading, transportation, and disposition of radioactive, hazardous, and non-hazardous waste and materials. It has over 20 years of experience handling over 20 million tons of waste. It has a fleet of over 1,200 railcars and 700 containers used to transport materials. The company has extensive experience managing large radiological projects for nuclear plants.
How to Run a Dockless Operation in Your Warehouse.ImagesAuth.docxwellesleyterresa
The document discusses how to improve dock operations in warehouses through automation. It describes how dockless receiving systems that use swing stick extensions can bridge the gap between conveyors and trailer beds, reducing unloading time. It also explains how telescopic conveyors can eliminate forklift use in trailers by bringing products directly into and out of trailers, minimizing handling. Automated telescopic conveyors using programmable sensors can optimize trailer loading. The benefits of these automated systems include increased safety, efficiency and productivity through faster operations and reduced labor.
Zodiac Signs and Food Preferences_ What Your Sign Says About Your Tastemy Pandit
Know what your zodiac sign says about your taste in food! Explore how the 12 zodiac signs influence your culinary preferences with insights from MyPandit. Dive into astrology and flavors!
Karttunen, K. 2012. Waterways – a future backbone of feedstock supply?Kalle Karttunen
Waterways could become a future backbone for supplying forest biomass feedstock. The document discusses inland waterway transport of forest chips in Finland. It summarizes demonstrations and simulations that analyzed different logistics concepts using barges and tugboats. The most cost-effective scenarios used a small tugboat with 1200-ton hopper barges and shift-independent loading/unloading at harbors. Waterway transport was found to be more cost-competitive than trucking for distances over 100-150 km. However, cost estimates have uncertainties and may have changed since fuel prices increased. Future visions include use of even larger barges.
Design and Analysis of Unloading Mechanism of TipperIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new design for the unloading mechanism of tipper trucks. Tipper trucks currently can only unload materials in one direction out the back, which limits their efficiency. The proposed new design would add two additional hydraulic cylinders on the sides to allow unloading on the left and right sides as well. This would make tippers more flexible to unload in tight spaces like construction sites and mines. It would reduce the time and fuel needed for unloading. The document reviews previous research on tipper truck designs and their limitations to support the idea that a three-way unloading mechanism could improve tipper truck performance and safety.
Dem Con Gold SWANA Award Recycling System Excellence 2015Ashley Davis-Pawlak
The document provides details about the Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) operated by DEM-CON in Shakopee, Minnesota. It describes the planning process that began in 2010 to identify the need for additional recycling capacity in the region. The 70,000 square foot MRF opened in November 2013 and uses state-of-the-art equipment to process 40 tons per hour of single-stream recyclables into separated paper, plastic, metal, and glass commodities. A step-by-step overview explains how the materials are tipped, screened, sorted both manually and automatically, and baled for end markets.
The document discusses aluminium commodities, noting that while aluminium is the most abundant metal on Earth, it was once considered precious until extraction and smelting processes became more efficient. Aluminium is now the most extensively used non-ferrous metal due to its light weight, flexibility, electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance. It is used in a variety of products including cans, foils and vehicle parts. World aluminium production in 2011 was led by Asia at 55% and Europe at 20%.
The Interstate Electrification Improvement Project installed shore power infrastructure at 50 truck stops across the US and provided rebates for idle reduction equipment on 5,000 trucks. The project achieved its goals of reducing fuel use and emissions while stimulating the economy. Key findings showed that shore power reduced costs compared to idling and was well-used during winter and summer. However, utilization could have been higher if more sites were available and fleets ensured their drivers used existing sites. Recommendations included expanding sites strategically along major routes, selecting sites where owners support shore power, and guaranteeing users access to power outlets.
CEMEX operates Balcones Quarry which produces crushed aggregate. The quarry uses haul trucks and loaders to transport aggregate from loading sites to a hopper, but experiences bottlenecks and idle time. The report analyzes the production process, identifies inefficiencies, and recommends solutions like adding equipment and improving traffic flow to increase throughput.
Crossdocking Insights from a Third Party Logistics Firm in Turkeyertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/crossdocking-insights-from-a-third-party-logistics-firm-in-turkey/
In the book "The Silk Road: Two Thousand Years in the Heart of Asia," Wood (2002) remarkably suggests that "the very name of 'Silk Road' is somewhat misleading." Wood explains as follows: "It [the name 'Silk Road'] suggests a continuous journey, whereas goods were in fact transported by a series of routes, a series of agents, passing through many hands before they reached their ultimate destination."
It's striking to realize that the Silk Road was a complete "crossdocking" operation, executed on a geographically dispersed collection of hubs and routes. Products neither traveled on a single route, nor were they stored on the way. Rather, they were staged for short periods at the hubs, and then were passed on towards the next hub on the route, typically by a new caravan or transportation mode.
Today, crossdocking is still very important and popular. Crossdocking has a great potential to bring great financial and time savings in logistics. For example, most of the logistics success of Wal-Mart, the world’s leading retailer, is attributed to crossdocking.
...
This document provides an introduction to materials handling equipment and its selection. It discusses the importance of materials handling in industrial operations and defines the key areas of bulk handling, unit handling, packaging, warehousing and carrier handling. The three main groups of materials handling equipment - hoisting equipment, conveying equipment, and surface and overhead equipment - are also outlined. Common types of materials handling equipment used across industries like manufacturing, construction, mining, food, and automotive are then listed. Finally, some typical hoisting machines and conveyors are depicted and their applications and details discussed.
Evolving Frac Sand Supply Chain and Logistics TrendsTaylor Robinson
The panel discussion focused on evolving trends in the frac sand supply chain and logistics. Three key trends were discussed: 1) Growing sand intensity and regional sand is shifting the logistics focus to "last mile" solutions for delivering sand to wells, 2) Supply chain responsibilities are evolving as various services are bundled, unbundled, or rebundled, and 3) New equipment and technologies are proliferating to increase efficiency, lower costs, and improve environmental performance in areas like portable storage, transloading, and software. The panelists represented companies involved in frac sand supply, logistics, and consulting.
This paper deals with testing theory regarding glass cars and road conveyance for Ark Compositions from their initial mechanical theory through the eventual remote theory of roads and cars.
DOI 10.1007s00291-005-0003-6REGULAR ARTICLEIeke le BlDustiBuckner14
This document summarizes a case study analyzing concepts to optimize the logistics network for collecting containers from vehicle dismantlers in the Netherlands. The network involves multiple depots, dismantlers, and recyclers. The study examines allowing direct shipment from dismantlers to recyclers, changing allocation of dismantlers to logistic service providers, and standardizing container lifting mechanisms. The problem is characterized as a vehicle routing problem with multiple depots, pickup and delivery, and limited vehicle capacity of two containers. A heuristic is developed to solve this special type of problem, which has not been well addressed in literature.
Transportation in a supply chain managementsai krishna
The document discusses transportation in supply chains. It describes the key factors in transportation decisions, various modes of transportation including their characteristics and considerations, and designing transportation networks. The roles of shippers and carriers are defined. Details are provided on transportation via air, truck, rail, water, pipeline, intermodal, and their trade-offs and issues in planning transportation.
Hyper Loop And Engro Coal Power ( National And International Projects Final R...RebekahSamuel2
This document provides an overview of two projects - the International Hyper Loop Project and the National Engro Coal Power Project. For the Hyper Loop Project, it discusses the objectives, need and importance of reducing travel times, and provides details on key milestones, routes being considered worldwide, and companies involved in developing the technology. It also includes the project charter outlining goals and deliverables. For the Engro Coal Power Project, it briefly introduces the objectives and need for the project in Thar and notes the scope will involve working phases, constructions and a public private partnership, but provides few other details.
The document discusses solid waste collection and transportation methods as well as landfill systems. It describes various collection services including curb, alley, and backyard collection. It also outlines equipment used for collection such as litter bins, brooms, shovels, community bins, handcarts, and motor vehicles. Methods of transportation to the landfill include trucks, dumpers, compactor vehicles, and auto vehicles. The document then discusses landfill systems including types of landfills, landfill operation methods like area, trench, open pit and canyon methods, and components of landfill design and operation.
This document discusses the design and development of an overhead monorail system for material handling at a food processing plant. The current manual system uses too many workers, has high costs, low efficiency and flexibility, and poses safety risks. An overhead monorail system was identified as a suitable alternative through literature review and site visits. Key needs for the monorail system design include load rating, safety factors, conveyor path, support method, and maximum lift load. Research methodology will include data collection, experimentation, mathematical design procedures, and computer-aided drawings. Design ratios will be used to analyze the current system and ensure optimal space utilization, equipment use, and productivity in the new monorail system.
1. Conveyors provide benefits over haulage trucks for transporting bulk materials, including lower operating costs due to less maintenance and fuel needs. Conveyors allow continuous flow of material and improved product quality by eliminating multiple handlings.
2. Studies have shown that conveyor systems can eliminate over 140,000 truck trips and 570,000 vehicle kilometers annually, providing significant fuel savings and reductions in labor, safety training, and emissions costs compared to haulage trucks.
3. Conveyors are more suitable than haulage trucks for inclined applications due to compromised truck efficiency on grades over 6 degrees. Properly sized and designed conveyor systems also provide energy savings through efficient motor selection and minimizing rolling resistance.
The document provides an overview of a company that offers integrated logistics services including technical services, packaging, transloading, transportation, and disposition of radioactive, hazardous, and non-hazardous waste and materials. It has over 20 years of experience handling over 20 million tons of waste. It has a fleet of over 1,200 railcars and 700 containers used to transport materials. The company has extensive experience managing large radiological projects for nuclear plants.
How to Run a Dockless Operation in Your Warehouse.ImagesAuth.docxwellesleyterresa
The document discusses how to improve dock operations in warehouses through automation. It describes how dockless receiving systems that use swing stick extensions can bridge the gap between conveyors and trailer beds, reducing unloading time. It also explains how telescopic conveyors can eliminate forklift use in trailers by bringing products directly into and out of trailers, minimizing handling. Automated telescopic conveyors using programmable sensors can optimize trailer loading. The benefits of these automated systems include increased safety, efficiency and productivity through faster operations and reduced labor.
Similar to A report on conceptual advances in roll on and off technology in forestry (20)
Zodiac Signs and Food Preferences_ What Your Sign Says About Your Tastemy Pandit
Know what your zodiac sign says about your taste in food! Explore how the 12 zodiac signs influence your culinary preferences with insights from MyPandit. Dive into astrology and flavors!
How MJ Global Leads the Packaging Industry.pdfMJ Global
MJ Global's success in staying ahead of the curve in the packaging industry is a testament to its dedication to innovation, sustainability, and customer-centricity. By embracing technological advancements, leading in eco-friendly solutions, collaborating with industry leaders, and adapting to evolving consumer preferences, MJ Global continues to set new standards in the packaging sector.
Event Report - SAP Sapphire 2024 Orlando - lots of innovation and old challengesHolger Mueller
Holger Mueller of Constellation Research shares his key takeaways from SAP's Sapphire confernece, held in Orlando, June 3rd till 5th 2024, in the Orange Convention Center.
Taurus Zodiac Sign: Unveiling the Traits, Dates, and Horoscope Insights of th...my Pandit
Dive into the steadfast world of the Taurus Zodiac Sign. Discover the grounded, stable, and logical nature of Taurus individuals, and explore their key personality traits, important dates, and horoscope insights. Learn how the determination and patience of the Taurus sign make them the rock-steady achievers and anchors of the zodiac.
Best practices for project execution and deliveryCLIVE MINCHIN
A select set of project management best practices to keep your project on-track, on-cost and aligned to scope. Many firms have don't have the necessary skills, diligence, methods and oversight of their projects; this leads to slippage, higher costs and longer timeframes. Often firms have a history of projects that simply failed to move the needle. These best practices will help your firm avoid these pitfalls but they require fortitude to apply.
At Techbox Square, in Singapore, we're not just creative web designers and developers, we're the driving force behind your brand identity. Contact us today.
Unveiling the Dynamic Personalities, Key Dates, and Horoscope Insights: Gemin...my Pandit
Explore the fascinating world of the Gemini Zodiac Sign. Discover the unique personality traits, key dates, and horoscope insights of Gemini individuals. Learn how their sociable, communicative nature and boundless curiosity make them the dynamic explorers of the zodiac. Dive into the duality of the Gemini sign and understand their intellectual and adventurous spirit.
[To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
This PowerPoint compilation offers a comprehensive overview of 20 leading innovation management frameworks and methodologies, selected for their broad applicability across various industries and organizational contexts. These frameworks are valuable resources for a wide range of users, including business professionals, educators, and consultants.
Each framework is presented with visually engaging diagrams and templates, ensuring the content is both informative and appealing. While this compilation is thorough, please note that the slides are intended as supplementary resources and may not be sufficient for standalone instructional purposes.
This compilation is ideal for anyone looking to enhance their understanding of innovation management and drive meaningful change within their organization. Whether you aim to improve product development processes, enhance customer experiences, or drive digital transformation, these frameworks offer valuable insights and tools to help you achieve your goals.
INCLUDED FRAMEWORKS/MODELS:
1. Stanford’s Design Thinking
2. IDEO’s Human-Centered Design
3. Strategyzer’s Business Model Innovation
4. Lean Startup Methodology
5. Agile Innovation Framework
6. Doblin’s Ten Types of Innovation
7. McKinsey’s Three Horizons of Growth
8. Customer Journey Map
9. Christensen’s Disruptive Innovation Theory
10. Blue Ocean Strategy
11. Strategyn’s Jobs-To-Be-Done (JTBD) Framework with Job Map
12. Design Sprint Framework
13. The Double Diamond
14. Lean Six Sigma DMAIC
15. TRIZ Problem-Solving Framework
16. Edward de Bono’s Six Thinking Hats
17. Stage-Gate Model
18. Toyota’s Six Steps of Kaizen
19. Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
20. Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)
To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
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A report on conceptual advances in roll on and off technology in forestry
1. A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off
Technology in Forestry
By: Dave Atkins, Robert Rummer, Beth Dodson, Craig E. Thomas, Andy Horcher, Ed
Messerlie, Craig Rawlings, David Haston
October 2007
Introduction
Over the last two decades, increasingly severe fire seasons have led policymakers to
recognize the need for thinning overgrown stands of trees.
However, thinning presents a financial challenge. The problem is that hazardous fuel
reduction projects —especially projects in the Wildland/Urban Interface— contain
mostly smaller trees, which have traditionally lacked market value. Since these projects
can’t pay for themselves, managers have been looking for ways to reduce the net costs of
fuel reduction projects.
Currently the U.S. Forest Service implements thinning projects by paying contractors to
cut and pile trees and brush, then either burning the slash itself or paying contractors to
burn also. A more cost-efficient alternative might be to market the smallwood rather than
burn it; a complementary alternative would be to increase the efficiency of smallwood
removal.
Heading an alliance of industry executives, forest contractors and government agencies,
MCDC coordinated the publication of a 2004 white paper entitled A Study of How to
Decrease the Costs of Collecting, Processing and Transporting Slash.
www.smallwoodnews.com/Docs/TechMachinery/SlashStudy.doc
The study found that in certain situations, slash removal could be made economically
viable through the use of trucks equipped with hooklifts and roll on/off containers,
because these trucks can reach slash piles that are too remote for large chip vans.
Since the study’s publication, significant conceptual advances in forest-related roll on/off
container technology have been made. This report will summarize those advances. It will
also outline several new studies that are now underway to test the economic and
environmental viability of these new technologies.
Page 1 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
2. 2004 to 2006: Roll On/Off Container Technology Hits the
Ground.
One of the prime movers of the 2004 slash study was Bob Rummer, an official in the
Southern Research Station of the Forest Service’s Forest Operations Research Unit.
Rummer not only provided a grant but also led data collection for the study. Then, using
data from the study, he developed the Forest Residue Trucking Simulator
(http://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/foresto ps/biomass.htm), a computer model to help others
calculate the costs of handling slash with roll on/off containers.
Craig Thomas, a Montana-based professional forester and logging contractor, was also a
slash study participant. He witnessed first-hand the potential efficiencies of roll on/off
equipment, and after using Rummer’s computer model, he decided to add roll on/off
capability to his forest contracting operation, Cky-Ber Enterprises, Inc.
Thomas bought a 1989 Peterbilt Class 8 truck and mounted a Stellar Model 52,000 lb.-
capacity hooklift system. He then engineered special roll on/off containers that could
nestle inside each other, to allow two to four containers to be hauled with a single truck.
Thomas proceeded to manufacture four of these nestling roll on/off containers. After just
a few field trials, he saw the need for even more containers. The opportunity to acquire
them came in the form of a grant. Assisted by Dave Atkins of the Forest Service, Thomas
and MCDC’s Craig Rawlings applied for a $238,000 Wood Biomass Collection System
grant, which was awarded in the spring of 2006.
Working as the grant administrator, MCDC supplied the funds for eight roll off/on log
bunks and five more containers and then leased the new equipment to Cky-Ber. In the
summer and fall of 2006, Cky-Ber deployed its new roll on/off equipment to several
timber sales in nearby forests.
Page 2 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
3. 2006 to Present: Roll On/Off Container Technology Goes
Deeper into the Woods.
Developing the Concept
As has been noted, from 2004 to 2006 the “slash study” group in Montana was exploring
and implementing the use of roll on/off attachments on logging trucks, in order to allow
access to remote landings, which are not available to highway container trucks.
However, at about the same time, project leaders from the Forest Service San Dimas
Technology and Development Center (SDTDC) had been thinking about roll on/off
attachments on log forwarders. Ed Messerlie, an engineer/forester, and Andy Horcher, a
forester, reasoned that a hooklift-enabled forwarder could accelerate the movement of
logs from the cutting site to the landing.
To illustrate this concept, Messerlie created a video animation showing a sequence in
which:
-a hooklift-equipped truck delivers bunks. (See photo below)
-a hooklift-equipped forwarder picks up the bunks and then fills them with logs.
-the forwarder carries the loaded bunk back to the roadside and leaves it for the
truck to pick up.
-a truck picks up the loaded bunks and transports them offsite, presumably to a
mill or transfer site.
Note: the Messerlie video animation is viewable at
www.smallwoodnews.com/Projects/Rollon/index.php
Hooklift-equipped truck delivers bunks
Forwarder sets a loaded bunk at roadside
Page 3 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
4. Truck picks up the loaded bunk
In 2006, Bob Rummer put Craig Rawlings in touch with Messerlie. Ed made his
forwarder animation available to MCDC and its partners in Montana, all of whom
immediately recognized that this was the “missing link”— the next step forward in roll
on/off technology in the forest.
As Rawlings and Messerlie talked, they realized that their respective resources meshed
well. The SDTDC Forest Management Program had secured enough funding to support
the purchase of a hooklift, but not enough for a forwarder or bunks or containers. On the
other hand, the Montana group had the forwarder and attachments, but no hooklift.
Ed Messerlie left the Forest Service temporarily for the private sector. However, Andy
Horcher teamed up David Haston (another San Dimas colleague), and arranged for a
$35,000 Challenge Cost Share grant for the Montana project. The money was used to buy
a hooklift, which Craig Thomas installed on a Cky-Ber 820C Timbco forwarder.
Page 4 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
5. Estimating the Time Savings
The slash study participants estimate that a roll on/off forwarder will eliminate one to two
hours of work from the typical woods-to-roadside cycle. For example, using a forwarder
and a harvester (or in some cases, a combination forwarder/harvester), an operator would
typically perform the following tasks:
1. Drive from roadside to the cutting site
2. Cut, delimb, and process trees to log length
3. Use a grapple to place the logs in the bunk
4. Drive to the landing
5. Use the grapple to unload the logs onto a deck (approximately one half hour)
6. Later, a truck driver would use a grapple to reload the deck into the bunk of the
truck, or a dedicated loader operator would load the truck (approximately one half
hour)
However, with the hooklift-enabled forwarder, steps “e” and “f” should take about five
minutes. Thus, the crucial final steps could be shortened by 50 minutes. (Note that this is
a conservative scenario, which presumes that larger logs are being moved. The fact is that
the smaller the logs, the greater the time savings; if a typical load of thinned logs or slash
is involved, the time saving in final unload/load cycle could be as much as two hours.)
The hooklift-enabled forwarder should add not only speed, but also versatility. That’s
because it opens up more options:
-The operator can set the log-filled bunk at roadside for the truck to pick up.
-The operator could carry slash in a container out to the roadside, then continue
down the road to a landing, where a grinder could process the material into chip
vans.
-The operator could simply dump the load at roadside.
Together, the forwarder, harvester, truck, container, and bunk form the prototypical roll
on/off system, which should allow more slash to be recovered, and more smallwood to be
moved more quickly.
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A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
6. Facilitating the Time Savings: RFID Technology
As just described, roll on/off systems consist of five core components. But as more units
of each component are deployed, the logistical complexity of a job increases. For
instance, Cky-Ber Enterprises already has a truck, a forwarder, nine containers and eight
bunks.
To address this issue, Bob Rummer of the Forest Operations Research Unit has been
working with Cambium Forstbetriebe, a German company that specializes in RFID
applications for forestry. Rummer collaborated with Cambium’s owner, Gerhard Friemel,
and with Rick Myatt, a private consultant; together they have solved a series of technical
problems in order to adapt the Cambium system to the requirements of forestry in the
Western U.S.
In the modified Cambium system, RFID tags are placed on every container and bunk;
each tag has a unique code that is read by a scanner in the cab of the truck. The scanner
feeds data into a web-enabled laptop computer, which in turn is connected to Google
Maps. Using GPS and time coordinates, the system allows managers to track the
locations of the truck and every container and bunk, plus the type and amount of material
being transported.
Page 6 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
7. Testing
Recognizing the Need for Tests
The hooklift-enabled forwarder/truck system is more efficient on paper, and Craig
Thomas has started to use the equipment to good effect. However MCDC and its partners
recognized that Forest Service managers, private contractors, timber industry managers
and others need objective, third party data on costs and soil impacts.
Accordingly, Dave Atkins searched for thinning projects that could serve as test sites. His
main criteria were:
-A site area of 100 to 200 acres
-NEPA-approved status
-Uniformity of soil, topography, and flora within each site. Uniformity is
important, because as presently envisioned, each study area will be divided into
two sections, each roughly equal in size. One section will be thinned traditionally
by hand cutting, piling and burning; the other section will be thinned using a
hooklift-enabled truck and forwarder together with roll on/off containers for slash
and roll on/off bunks for logs. In the roll on/off section, slash will be harvested,
not burned.
By mid-2007, Atkins had arranged contracts for studies at two upcoming thinning
projects on National Forest System (NFS) land:
A.100 acres in the Gallatin National Forest by Hebgen Lake
B.150-200 acres in the Kootenai National Forest near Eureka, in the Eureka
District
Cost Testing
Cost Test Administration
Dave Atkins conducted a successful search for third-party professionals who were
qualified to set up and properly monitor the two sales and then analyze the
resulting data.
Data collection will be led by Dr. Beth Dodson, an assistant professor of forest
management at the University of Montana/Missoula. Beth will lead efforts to
study the production and costs of the roll on/off containers under different
production scenarios — and to compare them with traditional slash treatment
systems that do not utilize biomass. Bob Rummer will also lend his skills and
resources to the collection and analysis of data.
Page 7 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
8. Cost Test Objectives
The primary objective of cost testing is to determine whether roll on/off
technology lowers the net cost of thinning. That cost has two components:
- The thinning process. On hazardous fuel reduction projects, the Forest
Service is currently paying contractors around $500 per acre for cutting
and piling, and spending $100 to $150 per acre for burning. We know that
for the roll on/off alternative, those burning costs will be eliminated, but
we want to know if cutting and piling costs can be lowered.
- The value of recovered product. Slash and smallwood will be sold to a
number of markets, including Fuels for Schools programs, post and pole
companies, compost manufacturers, and lumber companies looking for
smaller saw logs. The net profit from these sales will be deducted from the
cost per acre of the alternative treatments.
If possible, two other variables will also be measured.
- Reduced pollution. If the slash at each test site can be accurately
measured, the study should be able to quantify the amount of carbon and
particulate matter withheld from the atmosphere at the roll on/off area.
(This reduction would be the result of burning slash in a controlled boiler
system as opposed to open burning in the woods.)
- Fossil fuel consumption offset. The study should be able to measure the
net fossil fuel consumption of the traditional slash treatment system and
compare that to the roll on/off container system. (The study will take into
account the fact that since slash will be used for renewable energy
production, a certain amount of BTUs can be deducted from the roll on/off
area.) Again, this depends on whether accurate measurements can be made
— in this case, measurement of the total fuel consumption by machinery
in both sections of each site.
Page 8 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
9. Soil Testing
Soil Test Administration
To study the effect of slash removal on soil, Dave Atkins chose Deborah Paige-
Domroese, a research soil scientist at the Forest Service’s Rocky Mountain
Research Station lab in Moscow, Idaho. Domroese will collect soil data before
and after treatment in both halves of each test site.
Soil Test Objectives
Domroese will measure the nutrients in the soil of each “forwarder” area, and
compare that to material that’s been either removed or burned in the piles of the
control areas. She will also compare the two areas in terms of the amount of soil
disturbance and soil compaction produced by equipment.
In addition, Domroese will compare the roll on/off sites to sites that have been
burned by wildfire. The variables for this part of the study will be nutrient
composition and soil disturbance. The ultimate objective is to discover whether
thinning with roll on/off technology removes more or fewer nutrients than
wildfire.
Pre-treatment soil samples have already been collected at both the Hebgen and
Kootenai sites.
Design of the Hebgen Test Project
The design of any thinning project is affected by many variables, including proximity to
processing facilities. As it happens, slash from the Hebgen Lake project will be processed
by a compost company just five miles from the site. As a result, we have opted not to
process any slash at the thinning site. Instead, the project will conform to the following
design:
-In the woods, the forwarder will load slash into containers.
-The forwarder will carry the containers to roadside.
-The truck will take the containers to the compost company yard and dump the
slash at the composting plant in West Yellowstone, MT.
-A grinder will process the slash.
-50% of the slash will be used on site by the compost company.
-The remaining slash will be carried in containers and/or larger chip vans to other
markets, possibly including:
--The wood-fired boiler at the University of Montana’s Western campus in
Dillon, Montana.
--The multi-fuel boiler at the Basic American Foods (BAF) potato
processing plant in Rexburg, Idaho.
Page 9 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
10. RFID Technology and the Hebgen Test Project.
The roll on/off equipment at the Hebgen Lake test site will be RFID-enabled. Our
expectation is that RFID technology will not only add efficiencies to the roll on/off
system, but that it will also make it easier to test those added efficiencies, since Beth
Dodson will be able to access a website in order to track the day-by-day movement of
slash and smallwood from forest to processing center to final markets.
Publication of Test Results
MCDC will publish test results online, at smallwoodnews.com and timberbuysell.com,
and in a printed white paper report. The test results will consist of Beth Dodson’s cost
studies and Debby Domroese’s soil studies.
Page 10 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
11. Summary
In 2004, hooklift-enabled trucks with roll on/off containers were found to make slash
collection more efficient under certain conditions at remote landings.
Since then, several conceptual advances in roll on/off technology have been made,
including the use of hooklift-enabled forwarders with roll on/off containers for slash, and
roll on/off bunks for logs. A multi-use grinder/processor boom attachment also promises
to make hooklift-enabled forwarders even more efficient at slash and log collection in the
woods.
These conceptual advances will be objectively tested by forest science professionals on at
least two upcoming test sites in Montana.
Page 11 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
12. Appendices
Appendix A. The Versatility of Extra Hooklift Attachments
As previously noted, the basic system configuration would consist of:
-Hooklift-enabled truck
-Hooklift-enabled forwarder and harvester
-Roll on/off container for slash
-Roll on/off bunk for logs
This system allows efficiencies to extend deeper into the woods. However, there are
many other kinds of hooklift-related attachments, all of which fit onto the same frame on
a truck or forwarder. These attachments allow efficiencies to be extended not only more
deeply, but also more widely, in the sense that they shorten the work cycle not only in
traditional logging operations, but also in other applications such as firefighting.
For instance, the following roll on/off attachments have recently been engineered:
Flatbed attachment for hauling construction or firefighting cargo
Water reservoir with 10,000-gallon tank and firefighting pump
Seeding apparatus
Mulch blower
To give just one example of improved efficiency: As part of its firefighting support
business, Cky-Ber had traditionally used a water reservoir that took a day to bolt on or off
a forwarder. However, now that the company has adapted its reservoir to the roll on/off
frame, it can be attached or removed in five minutes.
Forwarder with roll on/off water reservoir
Roll on/off technology also extends the usefulness of equipment into additional seasons.
In the Intermountain West, work areas can become either too wet, or too deep in snow, or
too hot and dry. During these down times, contractors often have to move to other
regions for work. However, if a slash-hauling truck can be quickly adapted to other
purposes, it can remain useful without having to be moved long distances.
This versatility has provided even more justification for continuing to explore roll on/off
technology.
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A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
13. Appendix B. Multi-Use Boom Attachment on Forwarder
Integrating the Multi-Use Boom into the Roll On/Off System
A hooklift with roll on/off attachments can allow a forwarder to gather slash and
logs more efficiently. But to make the forwarder more efficient still, MCDC and
its partners have begun to explore ways to improve the other end of the forwarder,
namely the boom.
This exploration led MCDC’s Craig Rawlings to Reg Isley and his company,
Risley Equipment, of Grand Prairie, Alberta, Canada. Rawlings had learned that
Risley was developing an attachment that is both a processor and a grinder.
The Risley attachment would allow the forwarder to become, in effect, an in-
woods processing plant, delimbing and cutting logs to length, then grinding non-
saw logs — and in the process, eliminating several trips from the woods to the
landing.
In one possible scenario, the operator would perform the following tasks:
-Cut trees with the processor head
-Delimb the trees
-Set the logs in decks in the woods
-Select material that doesn’t meet log specifications and grind it into the
roll on/off container
-Forward the grindings to the landing
-Pick up an empty container
-Fill the container with logs
-Forward the log-filled container to the landing
This in-woods grinding should allow the forwarder to stay productive longer in
the woods before returning to the landing. It should also allow some smallwood to
avoid the slash pile and instead be turned into marketable products such as posts
and poles, pulp logs, and small saw logs. These assumptions will be tested in the
field trials.
Page 13 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry
14. The Multi-Use Boom Attachment and the Site Study: Improving the Process
Our study sites contain trees that can be used as both saw logs and roundwood.
This presents the forwarder operator with two options after the logs have been cut
to length and delimbed:
a. Grind the tops of the roundwood into the container, take the container
to the landing, then come back with a log bunk and pick up the saw
logs.
b. Reverse the order — that is, pick up the saw logs, take them to the
landing, then come back with the container and grind the roundwood
tops into it.
Beth Dodson’s study will determine which option is the most efficient, and in
which kinds of conditions.
The Multi-Use Boom Attachment and the Site Study: Improving the Nutrient Mix
Deborah Paige-Domroese’s soil study will determine the amount of nutrients
taken from the soil using the roll on/off process. The study will also help
determine the quantity of nutrients that need to be left, if it turns out too much is
being removed.
Risley’s multi-use boom attachment will allow Domroese’s recommendations to
be implemented accurately, because a computer will be able to tell the operator
exactly how many trees need to be chipped and blown onto the ground instead of
into the container — for example, every 10th tree.
Appendix C. Efficient Slash Removal and Cellulosic Ethanol
The most recent addition to the “slash study” partnership is Brad Blackwelder, a scientist
at the Department of Energy’s Idaho National Laboratory. Blackwelder’s lab is exploring
biomass processing and the production and transportation of bioenergy, including
cellulosic ethanol. His team’s focus had been agricultural residues but now includes
woody biomass feedstocks. Blackwelder and his team are interested in working with
MCDC to find ways to more efficiently develop slash as a feedstock for biofuels.
Page 14 of 14
A Report on Conceptual Advances in Roll On/Off Technology in Forestry