"A Dream Realised": An Architectural Overview of Ideas that became Cities -- Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret
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an International architectural exhibition showcasing CHANDIGARH & OTHER WORKS OF Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret in India.
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Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York: Picture Gallery, The Masterpieces (Part3)
The Masterpieces, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (3)
ECHOES OF GENIUS - A Tribute to Nari Gandhi's Architectural Legacy. .pdf
Have you ever heard of an architect who worked without an office and rarely made detailed drawings for his building projects? It may seem strange, but there was one such architect named Nari Gandhi. He was an Indian architect known for his very innovative building designs inspired by the great architect Frank Lloyd Wright, with whom Nari apprenticed for five years in Wright’s studio at Taliesin, USA. About his way of working, Nari Gandhi once said, “All art must be spontaneous and cannot be planned… A house grows organically. I need heart and mind to build, not a static blueprint.”
Nari Gandhi learned Wright's innovative design techniques and organic architecture philosophies. Beyond just theory, Gandhi got hands-on experience working on various projects under Wright's guidance. This practical education was invaluable for developing Gandhi's architectural skills and creativity. Gandhi's association with Wright and time at Taliesin had a lasting impact on his later architectural work.
After returning from the USA, Nari Gandhi started his professional architecture career in India, bringing the influences and lessons he learned from Frank Lloyd Wright. Gandhi's start and path in Indian architecture blended modernist principles, organic design sensibilities, and a deep appreciation for India's cultural heritage.
Concepts and Design Philosophy
Nari Gandhi’s philosophy combined modern principles with traditional Indian influences. He believed buildings should blend naturally with their surroundings and the environment. He was inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright's organic architecture ideas. Gandhi's designs often had flowing, geometrical shapes that mirrored the landscape to unite the built and natural environments.
Gandhi felt architecture must respond to the cultural, historical, and environmental context of each project site. He drew inspiration from India's diverse architectural heritage while using modern materials and techniques. His designs included elements like courtyards, verandas, and local materials to create a sense of place.
Sustainability was very important to Gandhi before it became mainstream. He advocated using eco-friendly, indigenous building materials and methods relevant to local culture. Energy efficiency, natural ventilation, and passive solar principles were prioritized to reduce environmental impact while providing healthy, comfortable spaces.
Gandhi was experimental and innovative, pushing boundaries with unconventional shapes, materials, and construction systems. His avant-garde designs challenged traditional notions of what buildings could be.
Central to his philosophy was human-centred design focused on meeting the needs and aspirations of occupants. Creating functional yet inspiring spaces that fostered connection and belonging within the built environment was key.
Influence on Contemporary Indian Architecture
Nari Gandhi's architecture has greatly influenced modern Indian architecture in several ways.
In Memoriam - Antoine Predock's Legacy of Contextual Architecture. .pdf
Antoine Predock, an acclaimed American architect whose visionary designs left an indelible mark on the architectural landscape, passed away on March 2, 2024, at 87. Predock's innovative approach to architecture combined modernist principles with a deep respect for the natural environment and cultural context, resulting in strikingly original buildings deeply rooted in their surroundings.
Born on June 24, 1936, in Lebanon, Missouri, USA, Predock graduated from Columbia University in 1962 with a degree in architecture. He established his architectural firm, Antoine Predock Architect PC, based in Albuquerque, New Mexico, where he embarked on a prolific career over six decades.
Predock's portfolio included various projects, from museums and cultural centres to academic buildings and private residences. His notable works include the Canadian Museum for Human Rights in Winnipeg, Manitoba; the National Palace Museum Southern Branch in Chiayi, Taiwan; the University of California, Davis's Shrem Museum of Art, the Music Department complex at the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC). Each project reflected Predock's deep understanding of the site and its context, resulting in an integrated architecture with the surrounding landscape.
Throughout his career, Predock received numerous awards and honours for his contribution to architecture, including the American Institute of Architects (AIA) Gold Medal in 2006, one of the highest honours in the field. He was also a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects, the Royal Institute of British Architects, and the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada.
Predock's legacy extends beyond his built works, influencing generations of architects and designers with his innovative vision and commitment to excellence. His passing leaves a void in the architectural community, but his legacy will continue to inspire and shape the future of architecture for years to come.
A unique blend of modernist principles, regionalism, and contextual sensitivity characterized Antoine Predock's architectural style. His designs often evoked a sense of place, integrating the surrounding landscape and cultural context into his buildings. Some vital aspects of Predock's architectural style are discussed below:
Contextualism: Predock's designs were deeply influenced by the site and surroundings. He paid close attention to each project location's topography, climate, history, and cultural context. His buildings often responded to the site's natural features, such as mountains, rivers, or desert landscapes, creating a solid connection between architecture and the environment.
Sculptural Forms: Predock was known for creating buildings with bold, sculptural forms that stood out in their surroundings. His designs often featured dynamic geometries, asymmetrical compositions, and dramatic cantilevers, giving his buildings a sense of movement and energy.
Mohinderjit Singh - A Versatile Architect Sculptor Painter & Punjabi Writer. ...
Mohinderjit Singh: A Versatile Architect, Sculptor, Painter, and Punjabi Writer
Sarbjit Singh Bahga
The history of modern Indian architecture revolves around nearly two hundred architects who have/had put effort into documenting and publishing their works. Unfortunately, all the so-called historians rely on this limited material, which is readily available and accessible. India is such a vast country with a rich treasure of outstanding masterpieces of contemporary architecture. Thousands of brilliant architects have worked/are working tirelessly to enrich this treasure, but their works never came to the limelight. This is because people generally don't write about their success stories, and others have no interest or time for that.
One such hidden gem of modern Indian architecture is Mohinderjit Singh from Amritsar. He is an architect par excellence, a sculptor, a painter, a Punjabi poet, a story writer, and a novelist. Above all, he is a very noble, humble, soft-spoken, and down-to-earth human being, but publicity shy. He has produced hundreds of remarkable buildings that can be equated with those considered the best in the country, but they have never been published.
Mohinderjit Singh (b. 19-06-1934) has six decades of professional experience designing various types of buildings and complexes. He graduated from Panjab University, Chandigarh, with a Bachelor of Arts in 1955 and subsequently studied architecture, completing a B. Arch from the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in 1960. Mohinderjit Singh established his architectural practice in Amritsar in 1964. Before that, he was a lecturer in the Department of Architecture at the University of Roorkee, Uttarakhand. In 1979, he was appointed as an Architectural Consultant to Tashi Commercial Corporation, Bhutan, for commercial planning and interior design in Phuntsholing, Bhutan. During his 60 years of independent professional practice, Mohinderjit Singh has designed and executed various categories of projects. These include commercial and residential buildings, hospitals, schools, colleges, cinema halls, auditoriums, open-air theatres, factories, monuments, sports complexes, multi-storied office buildings, and housing colonies.
Mohinderjit Singh’s architecture is highly creative, functional, and aesthetically pleasing. Due to his exceptional contribution to architecture, he has been conferred with many prestigious awards and honours. Prominent among these are the State Award Parman Patra Gold Medal by the Government of Punjab in 1995, the Silver Plaque by Guru Nanak Dev University during the visit of the Dalai Lama in 1994, and the Best Architect Award of North India by Inside Outside magazine in 2011. Besides his professional field, Mohinderjit Singh remained active in social work through the Rotary Club Amritsar. He served the Club as Secretary, Vice President, and President, besides being Chairman of the Environment Improvement Committee of the Club.
A Tribute to Madhav Achwal- An Architect Academician & Marathi Author. .pdf
A Tribute to Madhav Achwal:
An Architect, Academician & Marathi Author
Sarbjit Singh Bahga
Madhav Achwal (03.11.1925 - 21.01.1980) was an eminent architect, educationist, critic, renowned litterateur, and Marathi author. His name has been immortalised by the Indian Institute of Architects (IIA) by instituting the ‘Madhav Achwal Gold Medal’ for a lifetime contribution to architectural education. Constituted in 1988, the "Madhav Achwal Gold Medal" is perhaps the highest honour bestowed on outstanding architectural educationists in India.
Despite the efforts made by the IIA, most Indian architects are still unaware of who Madhav Achwal was. It is quite amusing that even many of the recipients of the ‘Madhav Achwal Gold Medal’ are unfamiliar with this legendary figure. This unfortunate situation arises from the lack of any written documentation about Madhav Achwal. Not only does the IIA lack any write-up or photograph of Madhav Achwal published in its journal JIIA or on its website, but others are also unable to provide any information about him.
Madhav Achwal was born on 3rd November 1925, in Kalyan in the Thane District of Maharashtra. He spent his childhood and received his school education there in Kalyan. After completing his matriculation, Madhav Achwal went to Bombay (Now Mumbai) to study architecture at Sir J.J. College of Architecture. He pursued a four-year architecture course and obtained his G.D. Arch degree. Throughout his college days, he demonstrated exceptional academic performance and excelled in the field of 'Building Construction'. As a result, he was awarded the Mayo Gold Medal in the final year of his G.D. Arch program.
Later, when he was to appear for the ARIBA (Associate of Royal Institute of British Architects) examination, he was exempted from Part I and Part II of the course. This exemption was granted due to his exceptional track record at the Sir J.J. College of Architecture. As a result, he only had to clear one examination in Professional Practice. He performed exceptionally well in this examination, and the Royal Institute of British Architects recognised his answer sheet as a 'Model' for future students to draw inspiration from.
After becoming an Associate Member of RIBA, Madhav Achwal established his architectural practice in Mumbai. During the initial years of his practice, he undertook significant work in the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat. These projects included small-scale buildings in and around Mumbai, as well as some buildings in Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand. Notably, he also designed the Prabhakar Oak Clock Tower in Kalyan, his birthplace, which was completed in 1954. Situated at the bustling Shivaji Chowk in Kalyan, this clock tower stands out for its innovative and timeless design. It is named after Prabhakar Oak, a freedom fighter and follower of Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
AR Prabhawalkar -Le Corbusier's Versatile Comrade & Founder Principal of Chan...
AR Prabhawalkar:
Le Corbusier’s Versatile Comrade & Founder Principal of Chandigarh College of Architecture
Sarbjit Singh Bahga
After India achieved Independence and its subsequent Partition in 1947, the Indian state of Punjab lost its capital to Lahore. The newly formed Union Government, led by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru - the then Prime Minister of India, decided to construct a new capital for Punjab - Chandigarh. A team of internationally renowned architects, including Le Corbusier, Pierre Jeanneret, Maxwell Fry, and Jane Drew, was chosen to plan and design the new capital from scratch in the foothills of the Shivalik Hills.
In addition to these foreign experts, a large team of Indian architects was also required to assist them. An advertisement was placed in the newspapers, stating, "An opportunity to work with some of the finest architects and town planners in the world." As requested by Le Corbusier, an entrance examination was held for the applicants. Among the architects selected were AR Prabhawalkar, MN Sharma, UE Chowdhury, Aditya Prakash, SD Sharma, Jeet Malhotra, Piloo Mody, JS Dethe, NS Lamba, BP Mathur, to name a few.
AR Prabhawalkar (Anantrao Ramchandra Prabhawalkar) (1923-1974), who hailed from the State of Maharashtra, joined the Chandigarh Capital Project on 3rd January 1952 as an Architect. It is said that AR Prabhawalkar possessed a unique calligraphic handwriting style, which was greatly admired by Le Corbusier, an accomplished graphologist able to decipher character traits through handwriting. All of Prabhawalkar's former colleagues, subordinates, and students, with whom the author has been able to communicate, have attested to his brilliance as a professional, his exceptional character, his eloquence as an orator, and his prowess as a writer.
Out of the entire team of Indian architects selected to assist the foreign masters, Prabhawalkar had a unique ability to encompass a broad spectrum of all associated fields of architecture. On the one hand, he had an eye for miniature furniture design details; on the other hand, he could easily imagine and work on the town-planning scale. Architecture was his first love. Due to these qualities, Prabhawalkar established a close working relationship with Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret.
Resultantly, Le Corbusier handpicked AR Prabhawalkar to assist him in the realisation of his key projects, such as the Legislature Assembly Building in the Capitol Complex, City Centre in Sector 17, Government College of Art and Craft in Sector 10, Sukhna Lake, and the Leisure Valley. AR Prabhawalkar also designed the Interstate Bus Terminus in Sector 17, in collaboration with Aditya Prakash.
Considering the quality, level of difficulties, and quantum of work involved in executing these projects, one can understand and appreciate the intellectual inputs and hard work done by AR Prabhawalkar. Since these projects bear the signatures of Le Corbusier, Prabhawalkar’s contribution remained hidden.
An Ode to PILOO MODY - The Architect of Architects Act & Humorous Lawmaker. .pdf
The Indian architectural fraternity owes much to the architect-turned-politician Piloo Mody, who spearheaded the passing of an important Bill in the Parliament that enabled the Architects Act of 1972. The Act provides for the registration of architects and overlooks their roles and responsibilities. Besides, it streamlines architecture education to produce excellent and responsible architects. The status of the profession of architecture in India today is all due to the foresightedness of visionary architect and politician Piloo Mody. On behalf of all architects, the author pays rich tribute to Piloo Mody on his 97th birth anniversary, which falls on 14 November 2023.
MAKING OF CHANDIGARH -A VINTAGE HISTORY.pdf
A new book titled “Making of Chandigarh: A Vintage History” co-authored by Sarbjit Bahga, a Chandigarh-based architect, and Arun Mirchandani, a Delhi-based archivist, has recently been released. The Foreword to the book "Chandigarh: An Overview" has been written by Kenneth Frampton, a British architect, critic, and renowned historian of modernist architecture. White Falcon Publishing published the lavishly designed, 410-page, black/white book available worldwide through online portals.
PIERRE JEANNERET - The Untold Anecdotes.pdf
PIERRE JEANNERET: The Untold Anecdotes
By Sarbjit Bahga
Since the beginning of my professional career, I have listened to numerous tales about Pierre Jeanneret, who remained the Chief Architect of the Department of Architecture from 1952 to 1965. I started recollecting and writing some anecdotes to complete the new assignment, my younger friend gave me.
I have learnt about Pierre Jeanneret from my senior colleagues that he was straightforward, humble, polite, down-to-earth, amicable, and caring. Apart from this, he was an outstanding architect with exceptional qualities like creativity, curiosity, adaptability to new environments, skills to handle different building materials and understanding of the users' requirements.
During his one-and-a-half decade-old stint as head of the Department of Architecture, Pierre Jeanneret was loved and respected by his junior colleagues for his affectionate and caring attitude. There is an exciting yet touching anecdote. There came a time when the disbursements of salaries of the staff were stopped for one or two months. The reason was the delay in passing the annual budget by the state government and some other procedural delays. Resultantly, the entire staff faced tough times meeting their ends.
Due to this challenging situation, there was lots of whispering amongst the staff under tremendous financial pressure. Nobody told Pierre Jeanneret directly, mainly due to the language barrier as he was a French-speaking person and not quite fluent in English, what to talk of other local languages like Hindi and Punjabi. The staff was only Punjabi or Hindi-speaking, and most were not fluent in English.
After a few days, Pierre Jeanneret smelt the rat and felt everything was not going smoothly in the office. He called UE Chowdhury - the only lady architect in the department who could understand and speak French, English, Hindi, and many other languages. Jeanneret asked her if there was any resentment in the staff. UE Chowdhury explained that due to the non-disbursal of salaries, the staff members are tense and cannot concentrate on their work properly.
After knowing the whole story, Pierre Jeanneret asked UE Chowdhury to talk to staff members and prepare a list of essential and bare minimum money requirements. Having done that, Pierre Jeanneret paid the needy from his bank account. Such a generous person he was!
NEW INDIAN ARCHITECTURE-1947-2020. .pdf
NEW INDIAN ARCHITECTURE: 1947-2020
Authored by Sarbjit Bahga Launched
A new book titled “NEW INDIAN ARCHITECTURE: 1947-2020", authored by Chandigarh-based architect Sarbjit Bahga and published by White Falcon Publishing, has recently been launched. It is one of the few Indian architecture publications in the post-Independence era. It features 104 projects designed by 15 foreign and 66 Indian architects. These projects have been grouped into 11 categories, i.e., Religious Buildings (5 Projects), Memorial Buildings (9 Projects), Cultural Buildings (14 Projects), Sports Buildings (6 Projects), Tourism and Recreational Buildings (9 Projects), Public Infrastructure (4 Projects), Agricultural Buildings (7 Projects), Residential Buildings (7 Projects), Educational Buildings (29 Projects), Healthcare Buildings (6 Projects), and Office Buildings (8 Projects). The projects are arranged in chronological order in each group so that changes and trends can become self-evident immediately.
The projects featured in the book are located at 46 locations (ranging from a tiny village to a megacity) in 19 States and Union Territories of India. These are spread over a vast area of the subcontinent from Leh in the north to Madurai in the south (3600 km), and Kolkata in the east to Gandhinagar in the west (2000 km). Conceived and built between 1947 to 2020 and scattered over three million square kilometres, these projects are hoped to present the vastness of architectural development in the country in the last seven decades truthfully. Each project has been explained in a uniform style and is supplemented by appropriate drawings and coloured photographs.
The first chapter of the book, titled "Evolution of Architecture in India after Independence", dwells on the transition, development, and transformation of modern Indian architecture since 1947. It discusses and cites examples of many built projects during this period. Also included in this chapter is the discussion about the "Search for Regional Identity". It throws light on the role of a few leading architects belonging to the first and second generation of modern architects in the Post-Independent India and how they have successfully adapted the principles of modern architecture to suit the local conditions vis-à-vis climate, locale, construction technique and materials besides the aspirations of people. Examples of many buildings designed by such architects have been included in this chapter for a quick overview of the entire process of the transformation of architecture.
This lavishly produced 470-page book includes 765 photographs and 225 drawings sufficient to understand the projects. The emphasis is on the built form rather than the interior and its decor.
Book Details:
• Publisher: White Falcon Publishing
• Language: English
• Hardcover: 470 pages
• ISBN-10: 1636405630
• ISBN-13: 978-1636405636
• Item Weight: 3.86 pounds
• Dimensions: 8.5" x 1.44" x 11"
• Available: amazon.in amazon.com
Sarbjit Bahga: Architect-turned-Artist makes Sketches from the Heart
By Jang S. Verman
Sarbjit Bahga (b.1957) is a Chandigarh based architect, urbanist, author, and photo artist. He has designed hundreds of buildings and complexes during his four decades of professional career. Some of his selected works have been published in an exclusive monograph titled, “MODERN REGIONALISM: The Architecture of Sarbjit Bahga”. As an author, he has written ten books on architecture, landscape design and architectural rendering besides more than 150 articles that are published worldwide. Bahga is also a keen photo artist and specializes in architectural and landscape photography. He has received many awards and honours in competitive photography. Thousands of his photographs have been published globally.
To add another feather in his cap (turban), Bahga has found a new love in free-hand sketching, especially portraits. During the lockdown period in 2020, he has made many sketches of architects and planners of international repute. Prominent among these include the portraits of Pierre Jeanneret, Louis Kahn, Jane Drew, Maxwell Fry, Otto Königsberger and Fariborz Sahba.
ARCHITECTURAL RENDERING: HAND-DRAWN PERSPECTIVES & SKETCHES
A new book titled “ARCHITECTURAL RENDERING: HAND-DRAWN PERSPECTIVES & SKETCHES” curated by Sarbjit Bahga and published by White Falcon Publishing has been launched recently. It is a unique book in the form of a compendium of 412 hand-drawn drawings of perspectives, sketches, isometrics, axonometrics, paintings and posters collected personally from 27 renowned architects and artists. These drawings have been selected to represent many styles, types, periods, and regions as possible.
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ECHOES OF GENIUS - A Tribute to Nari Gandhi's Architectural Legacy. .pdf
Have you ever heard of an architect who worked without an office and rarely made detailed drawings for his building projects? It may seem strange, but there was one such architect named Nari Gandhi. He was an Indian architect known for his very innovative building designs inspired by the great architect Frank Lloyd Wright, with whom Nari apprenticed for five years in Wright’s studio at Taliesin, USA. About his way of working, Nari Gandhi once said, “All art must be spontaneous and cannot be planned… A house grows organically. I need heart and mind to build, not a static blueprint.”
Nari Gandhi learned Wright's innovative design techniques and organic architecture philosophies. Beyond just theory, Gandhi got hands-on experience working on various projects under Wright's guidance. This practical education was invaluable for developing Gandhi's architectural skills and creativity. Gandhi's association with Wright and time at Taliesin had a lasting impact on his later architectural work.
After returning from the USA, Nari Gandhi started his professional architecture career in India, bringing the influences and lessons he learned from Frank Lloyd Wright. Gandhi's start and path in Indian architecture blended modernist principles, organic design sensibilities, and a deep appreciation for India's cultural heritage.
Concepts and Design Philosophy
Nari Gandhi’s philosophy combined modern principles with traditional Indian influences. He believed buildings should blend naturally with their surroundings and the environment. He was inspired by Frank Lloyd Wright's organic architecture ideas. Gandhi's designs often had flowing, geometrical shapes that mirrored the landscape to unite the built and natural environments.
Gandhi felt architecture must respond to the cultural, historical, and environmental context of each project site. He drew inspiration from India's diverse architectural heritage while using modern materials and techniques. His designs included elements like courtyards, verandas, and local materials to create a sense of place.
Sustainability was very important to Gandhi before it became mainstream. He advocated using eco-friendly, indigenous building materials and methods relevant to local culture. Energy efficiency, natural ventilation, and passive solar principles were prioritized to reduce environmental impact while providing healthy, comfortable spaces.
Gandhi was experimental and innovative, pushing boundaries with unconventional shapes, materials, and construction systems. His avant-garde designs challenged traditional notions of what buildings could be.
Central to his philosophy was human-centred design focused on meeting the needs and aspirations of occupants. Creating functional yet inspiring spaces that fostered connection and belonging within the built environment was key.
Influence on Contemporary Indian Architecture
Nari Gandhi's architecture has greatly influenced modern Indian architecture in several ways.
In Memoriam - Antoine Predock's Legacy of Contextual Architecture. .pdf
Antoine Predock, an acclaimed American architect whose visionary designs left an indelible mark on the architectural landscape, passed away on March 2, 2024, at 87. Predock's innovative approach to architecture combined modernist principles with a deep respect for the natural environment and cultural context, resulting in strikingly original buildings deeply rooted in their surroundings.
Born on June 24, 1936, in Lebanon, Missouri, USA, Predock graduated from Columbia University in 1962 with a degree in architecture. He established his architectural firm, Antoine Predock Architect PC, based in Albuquerque, New Mexico, where he embarked on a prolific career over six decades.
Predock's portfolio included various projects, from museums and cultural centres to academic buildings and private residences. His notable works include the Canadian Museum for Human Rights in Winnipeg, Manitoba; the National Palace Museum Southern Branch in Chiayi, Taiwan; the University of California, Davis's Shrem Museum of Art, the Music Department complex at the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC). Each project reflected Predock's deep understanding of the site and its context, resulting in an integrated architecture with the surrounding landscape.
Throughout his career, Predock received numerous awards and honours for his contribution to architecture, including the American Institute of Architects (AIA) Gold Medal in 2006, one of the highest honours in the field. He was also a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects, the Royal Institute of British Architects, and the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada.
Predock's legacy extends beyond his built works, influencing generations of architects and designers with his innovative vision and commitment to excellence. His passing leaves a void in the architectural community, but his legacy will continue to inspire and shape the future of architecture for years to come.
A unique blend of modernist principles, regionalism, and contextual sensitivity characterized Antoine Predock's architectural style. His designs often evoked a sense of place, integrating the surrounding landscape and cultural context into his buildings. Some vital aspects of Predock's architectural style are discussed below:
Contextualism: Predock's designs were deeply influenced by the site and surroundings. He paid close attention to each project location's topography, climate, history, and cultural context. His buildings often responded to the site's natural features, such as mountains, rivers, or desert landscapes, creating a solid connection between architecture and the environment.
Sculptural Forms: Predock was known for creating buildings with bold, sculptural forms that stood out in their surroundings. His designs often featured dynamic geometries, asymmetrical compositions, and dramatic cantilevers, giving his buildings a sense of movement and energy.
Mohinderjit Singh - A Versatile Architect Sculptor Painter & Punjabi Writer. ...
Mohinderjit Singh: A Versatile Architect, Sculptor, Painter, and Punjabi Writer
Sarbjit Singh Bahga
The history of modern Indian architecture revolves around nearly two hundred architects who have/had put effort into documenting and publishing their works. Unfortunately, all the so-called historians rely on this limited material, which is readily available and accessible. India is such a vast country with a rich treasure of outstanding masterpieces of contemporary architecture. Thousands of brilliant architects have worked/are working tirelessly to enrich this treasure, but their works never came to the limelight. This is because people generally don't write about their success stories, and others have no interest or time for that.
One such hidden gem of modern Indian architecture is Mohinderjit Singh from Amritsar. He is an architect par excellence, a sculptor, a painter, a Punjabi poet, a story writer, and a novelist. Above all, he is a very noble, humble, soft-spoken, and down-to-earth human being, but publicity shy. He has produced hundreds of remarkable buildings that can be equated with those considered the best in the country, but they have never been published.
Mohinderjit Singh (b. 19-06-1934) has six decades of professional experience designing various types of buildings and complexes. He graduated from Panjab University, Chandigarh, with a Bachelor of Arts in 1955 and subsequently studied architecture, completing a B. Arch from the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in 1960. Mohinderjit Singh established his architectural practice in Amritsar in 1964. Before that, he was a lecturer in the Department of Architecture at the University of Roorkee, Uttarakhand. In 1979, he was appointed as an Architectural Consultant to Tashi Commercial Corporation, Bhutan, for commercial planning and interior design in Phuntsholing, Bhutan. During his 60 years of independent professional practice, Mohinderjit Singh has designed and executed various categories of projects. These include commercial and residential buildings, hospitals, schools, colleges, cinema halls, auditoriums, open-air theatres, factories, monuments, sports complexes, multi-storied office buildings, and housing colonies.
Mohinderjit Singh’s architecture is highly creative, functional, and aesthetically pleasing. Due to his exceptional contribution to architecture, he has been conferred with many prestigious awards and honours. Prominent among these are the State Award Parman Patra Gold Medal by the Government of Punjab in 1995, the Silver Plaque by Guru Nanak Dev University during the visit of the Dalai Lama in 1994, and the Best Architect Award of North India by Inside Outside magazine in 2011. Besides his professional field, Mohinderjit Singh remained active in social work through the Rotary Club Amritsar. He served the Club as Secretary, Vice President, and President, besides being Chairman of the Environment Improvement Committee of the Club.
A Tribute to Madhav Achwal- An Architect Academician & Marathi Author. .pdf
A Tribute to Madhav Achwal:
An Architect, Academician & Marathi Author
Sarbjit Singh Bahga
Madhav Achwal (03.11.1925 - 21.01.1980) was an eminent architect, educationist, critic, renowned litterateur, and Marathi author. His name has been immortalised by the Indian Institute of Architects (IIA) by instituting the ‘Madhav Achwal Gold Medal’ for a lifetime contribution to architectural education. Constituted in 1988, the "Madhav Achwal Gold Medal" is perhaps the highest honour bestowed on outstanding architectural educationists in India.
Despite the efforts made by the IIA, most Indian architects are still unaware of who Madhav Achwal was. It is quite amusing that even many of the recipients of the ‘Madhav Achwal Gold Medal’ are unfamiliar with this legendary figure. This unfortunate situation arises from the lack of any written documentation about Madhav Achwal. Not only does the IIA lack any write-up or photograph of Madhav Achwal published in its journal JIIA or on its website, but others are also unable to provide any information about him.
Madhav Achwal was born on 3rd November 1925, in Kalyan in the Thane District of Maharashtra. He spent his childhood and received his school education there in Kalyan. After completing his matriculation, Madhav Achwal went to Bombay (Now Mumbai) to study architecture at Sir J.J. College of Architecture. He pursued a four-year architecture course and obtained his G.D. Arch degree. Throughout his college days, he demonstrated exceptional academic performance and excelled in the field of 'Building Construction'. As a result, he was awarded the Mayo Gold Medal in the final year of his G.D. Arch program.
Later, when he was to appear for the ARIBA (Associate of Royal Institute of British Architects) examination, he was exempted from Part I and Part II of the course. This exemption was granted due to his exceptional track record at the Sir J.J. College of Architecture. As a result, he only had to clear one examination in Professional Practice. He performed exceptionally well in this examination, and the Royal Institute of British Architects recognised his answer sheet as a 'Model' for future students to draw inspiration from.
After becoming an Associate Member of RIBA, Madhav Achwal established his architectural practice in Mumbai. During the initial years of his practice, he undertook significant work in the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat. These projects included small-scale buildings in and around Mumbai, as well as some buildings in Vallabh Vidyanagar, Anand. Notably, he also designed the Prabhakar Oak Clock Tower in Kalyan, his birthplace, which was completed in 1954. Situated at the bustling Shivaji Chowk in Kalyan, this clock tower stands out for its innovative and timeless design. It is named after Prabhakar Oak, a freedom fighter and follower of Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
AR Prabhawalkar -Le Corbusier's Versatile Comrade & Founder Principal of Chan...
AR Prabhawalkar:
Le Corbusier’s Versatile Comrade & Founder Principal of Chandigarh College of Architecture
Sarbjit Singh Bahga
After India achieved Independence and its subsequent Partition in 1947, the Indian state of Punjab lost its capital to Lahore. The newly formed Union Government, led by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru - the then Prime Minister of India, decided to construct a new capital for Punjab - Chandigarh. A team of internationally renowned architects, including Le Corbusier, Pierre Jeanneret, Maxwell Fry, and Jane Drew, was chosen to plan and design the new capital from scratch in the foothills of the Shivalik Hills.
In addition to these foreign experts, a large team of Indian architects was also required to assist them. An advertisement was placed in the newspapers, stating, "An opportunity to work with some of the finest architects and town planners in the world." As requested by Le Corbusier, an entrance examination was held for the applicants. Among the architects selected were AR Prabhawalkar, MN Sharma, UE Chowdhury, Aditya Prakash, SD Sharma, Jeet Malhotra, Piloo Mody, JS Dethe, NS Lamba, BP Mathur, to name a few.
AR Prabhawalkar (Anantrao Ramchandra Prabhawalkar) (1923-1974), who hailed from the State of Maharashtra, joined the Chandigarh Capital Project on 3rd January 1952 as an Architect. It is said that AR Prabhawalkar possessed a unique calligraphic handwriting style, which was greatly admired by Le Corbusier, an accomplished graphologist able to decipher character traits through handwriting. All of Prabhawalkar's former colleagues, subordinates, and students, with whom the author has been able to communicate, have attested to his brilliance as a professional, his exceptional character, his eloquence as an orator, and his prowess as a writer.
Out of the entire team of Indian architects selected to assist the foreign masters, Prabhawalkar had a unique ability to encompass a broad spectrum of all associated fields of architecture. On the one hand, he had an eye for miniature furniture design details; on the other hand, he could easily imagine and work on the town-planning scale. Architecture was his first love. Due to these qualities, Prabhawalkar established a close working relationship with Le Corbusier and Pierre Jeanneret.
Resultantly, Le Corbusier handpicked AR Prabhawalkar to assist him in the realisation of his key projects, such as the Legislature Assembly Building in the Capitol Complex, City Centre in Sector 17, Government College of Art and Craft in Sector 10, Sukhna Lake, and the Leisure Valley. AR Prabhawalkar also designed the Interstate Bus Terminus in Sector 17, in collaboration with Aditya Prakash.
Considering the quality, level of difficulties, and quantum of work involved in executing these projects, one can understand and appreciate the intellectual inputs and hard work done by AR Prabhawalkar. Since these projects bear the signatures of Le Corbusier, Prabhawalkar’s contribution remained hidden.
An Ode to PILOO MODY - The Architect of Architects Act & Humorous Lawmaker. .pdf
The Indian architectural fraternity owes much to the architect-turned-politician Piloo Mody, who spearheaded the passing of an important Bill in the Parliament that enabled the Architects Act of 1972. The Act provides for the registration of architects and overlooks their roles and responsibilities. Besides, it streamlines architecture education to produce excellent and responsible architects. The status of the profession of architecture in India today is all due to the foresightedness of visionary architect and politician Piloo Mody. On behalf of all architects, the author pays rich tribute to Piloo Mody on his 97th birth anniversary, which falls on 14 November 2023.
MAKING OF CHANDIGARH -A VINTAGE HISTORY.pdf
A new book titled “Making of Chandigarh: A Vintage History” co-authored by Sarbjit Bahga, a Chandigarh-based architect, and Arun Mirchandani, a Delhi-based archivist, has recently been released. The Foreword to the book "Chandigarh: An Overview" has been written by Kenneth Frampton, a British architect, critic, and renowned historian of modernist architecture. White Falcon Publishing published the lavishly designed, 410-page, black/white book available worldwide through online portals.
PIERRE JEANNERET - The Untold Anecdotes.pdf
PIERRE JEANNERET: The Untold Anecdotes
By Sarbjit Bahga
Since the beginning of my professional career, I have listened to numerous tales about Pierre Jeanneret, who remained the Chief Architect of the Department of Architecture from 1952 to 1965. I started recollecting and writing some anecdotes to complete the new assignment, my younger friend gave me.
I have learnt about Pierre Jeanneret from my senior colleagues that he was straightforward, humble, polite, down-to-earth, amicable, and caring. Apart from this, he was an outstanding architect with exceptional qualities like creativity, curiosity, adaptability to new environments, skills to handle different building materials and understanding of the users' requirements.
During his one-and-a-half decade-old stint as head of the Department of Architecture, Pierre Jeanneret was loved and respected by his junior colleagues for his affectionate and caring attitude. There is an exciting yet touching anecdote. There came a time when the disbursements of salaries of the staff were stopped for one or two months. The reason was the delay in passing the annual budget by the state government and some other procedural delays. Resultantly, the entire staff faced tough times meeting their ends.
Due to this challenging situation, there was lots of whispering amongst the staff under tremendous financial pressure. Nobody told Pierre Jeanneret directly, mainly due to the language barrier as he was a French-speaking person and not quite fluent in English, what to talk of other local languages like Hindi and Punjabi. The staff was only Punjabi or Hindi-speaking, and most were not fluent in English.
After a few days, Pierre Jeanneret smelt the rat and felt everything was not going smoothly in the office. He called UE Chowdhury - the only lady architect in the department who could understand and speak French, English, Hindi, and many other languages. Jeanneret asked her if there was any resentment in the staff. UE Chowdhury explained that due to the non-disbursal of salaries, the staff members are tense and cannot concentrate on their work properly.
After knowing the whole story, Pierre Jeanneret asked UE Chowdhury to talk to staff members and prepare a list of essential and bare minimum money requirements. Having done that, Pierre Jeanneret paid the needy from his bank account. Such a generous person he was!
NEW INDIAN ARCHITECTURE-1947-2020. .pdf
NEW INDIAN ARCHITECTURE: 1947-2020
Authored by Sarbjit Bahga Launched
A new book titled “NEW INDIAN ARCHITECTURE: 1947-2020", authored by Chandigarh-based architect Sarbjit Bahga and published by White Falcon Publishing, has recently been launched. It is one of the few Indian architecture publications in the post-Independence era. It features 104 projects designed by 15 foreign and 66 Indian architects. These projects have been grouped into 11 categories, i.e., Religious Buildings (5 Projects), Memorial Buildings (9 Projects), Cultural Buildings (14 Projects), Sports Buildings (6 Projects), Tourism and Recreational Buildings (9 Projects), Public Infrastructure (4 Projects), Agricultural Buildings (7 Projects), Residential Buildings (7 Projects), Educational Buildings (29 Projects), Healthcare Buildings (6 Projects), and Office Buildings (8 Projects). The projects are arranged in chronological order in each group so that changes and trends can become self-evident immediately.
The projects featured in the book are located at 46 locations (ranging from a tiny village to a megacity) in 19 States and Union Territories of India. These are spread over a vast area of the subcontinent from Leh in the north to Madurai in the south (3600 km), and Kolkata in the east to Gandhinagar in the west (2000 km). Conceived and built between 1947 to 2020 and scattered over three million square kilometres, these projects are hoped to present the vastness of architectural development in the country in the last seven decades truthfully. Each project has been explained in a uniform style and is supplemented by appropriate drawings and coloured photographs.
The first chapter of the book, titled "Evolution of Architecture in India after Independence", dwells on the transition, development, and transformation of modern Indian architecture since 1947. It discusses and cites examples of many built projects during this period. Also included in this chapter is the discussion about the "Search for Regional Identity". It throws light on the role of a few leading architects belonging to the first and second generation of modern architects in the Post-Independent India and how they have successfully adapted the principles of modern architecture to suit the local conditions vis-à-vis climate, locale, construction technique and materials besides the aspirations of people. Examples of many buildings designed by such architects have been included in this chapter for a quick overview of the entire process of the transformation of architecture.
This lavishly produced 470-page book includes 765 photographs and 225 drawings sufficient to understand the projects. The emphasis is on the built form rather than the interior and its decor.
Book Details:
• Publisher: White Falcon Publishing
• Language: English
• Hardcover: 470 pages
• ISBN-10: 1636405630
• ISBN-13: 978-1636405636
• Item Weight: 3.86 pounds
• Dimensions: 8.5" x 1.44" x 11"
• Available: amazon.in amazon.com
Sarbjit Bahga: Architect-turned-Artist makes Sketches from the Heart
By Jang S. Verman
Sarbjit Bahga (b.1957) is a Chandigarh based architect, urbanist, author, and photo artist. He has designed hundreds of buildings and complexes during his four decades of professional career. Some of his selected works have been published in an exclusive monograph titled, “MODERN REGIONALISM: The Architecture of Sarbjit Bahga”. As an author, he has written ten books on architecture, landscape design and architectural rendering besides more than 150 articles that are published worldwide. Bahga is also a keen photo artist and specializes in architectural and landscape photography. He has received many awards and honours in competitive photography. Thousands of his photographs have been published globally.
To add another feather in his cap (turban), Bahga has found a new love in free-hand sketching, especially portraits. During the lockdown period in 2020, he has made many sketches of architects and planners of international repute. Prominent among these include the portraits of Pierre Jeanneret, Louis Kahn, Jane Drew, Maxwell Fry, Otto Königsberger and Fariborz Sahba.
ARCHITECTURAL RENDERING: HAND-DRAWN PERSPECTIVES & SKETCHES
A new book titled “ARCHITECTURAL RENDERING: HAND-DRAWN PERSPECTIVES & SKETCHES” curated by Sarbjit Bahga and published by White Falcon Publishing has been launched recently. It is a unique book in the form of a compendium of 412 hand-drawn drawings of perspectives, sketches, isometrics, axonometrics, paintings and posters collected personally from 27 renowned architects and artists. These drawings have been selected to represent many styles, types, periods, and regions as possible.
A New Book titled DR SS BHATTI: Biographical Conversations authored by Sarbji...
Book Review by Surinder Bahga
A new book titled, "DR SS BHATTI: Biographical Conversations" has been launched recently. It has been authored by Sarbjit Bahga, a Chandigarh-based architect, and published by White Falcon Publishing, Chandigarh. Foreword to the book has been written by Islamabad-based architect Jahangir SM Khan, Immediate Past President of ARCASIA (Architects Regional Council Asia).
DR SS BHATTI: Biographical Conversations is a unique biographical book written in the form of an extended interview. Dr SS Bhatti (b.1938) is a former Principal of the Chandigarh College of Architecture and a very versatile professional. He holds three PhDs and M Arch from The Queensland University, Australia. Apart from being an inspired academician and architect, Dr Bhatti is a painter, sculptor, graphic designer, Urdu and English poet par excellence. He has authored more than 30 books on diverse fields like art, architecture, pedagogy, religion, poetry in both Urdu and English, besides other fields of human endeavour.
SALWAN FURNISHING COMPANY, NEW DELHI TURNS 101.
SALWAN FURNISHING COMPANY, NEW DELHI TURNS 101.
Our friend Inder Dutt Salwan's company - SALWAN FURNISHING COMPANY - is celebrating 101 years of its establishment. On this occasion, I am sharing with all of you the company's profile along with the product range. It is hoped this will be useful to architects, interior designers, builders, designers and artists.
Dr SS Bhatti-Designed Brick-Faced Building Of Punjab Arts Council, Chandigar...
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A Tribute To Nimish Patel - A Noted Indian Architect & Conservationist
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REMEMBERING PATWANT SINGH, AN AUTHOR AND VOICE OF MODERN INDIAN DESIGN
hen we talk about the subject of Architectural Journalism in India the first name which prominently figures in our mind is that of Sardar Patwant Singh. A multifaceted personality – an architectural journalist, writer, editor, historian, publisher, conservationist, political commentator and philanthropist, he single-handedly launched his first monthly publication – The Indian Builder in 1953. The magazine was aimed to highlight the achievements and problems of newly independent India’s burgeoning building industry and its vital role in national development.
Remembering J. K. Chowdhury - A Legendary Indian Architect On His 101st Birth...
"Good architecture is a fusion of emotion and intellect." These are the words of architect Jugal Kishore Chowdhury who was a pioneer of modern architecture in India. He belonged to the first generation of architects and planners in the post-Independence era. Known for his monumental concrete buildings, he was honoured with Padma Shri - the fourth highest civilian award - by the President of India in 1977. Chowdhury was also a recipient of Baburao Mhatre Gold Medal from the Indian Institute of Architects in 1994 for his contribution to Indian architecture.
Didi Contractor: A Self-Taught Architect Who Builds In Mud, Bamboo & Stone
The profession of architecture does not necessarily need any formal education or degree. This may seem strange to many present-day architects but it is a reality. There are many architects in the world who are/were self-taught and did not have any formal education in architecture. Prominent among these are Frank Lloyd Wright, Louis Sullivan, Le Corbusier, Mies van der Rohe, Buckminster Fuller, Luis Barragan, and Tadao Ando. These are the names of just a few stalwarts who dominated the profession of architecture but there are many more who are comparatively lesser known or even not known.
One such name is Didi Contractor who is down-to-earth, a self-taught architect based in Dharamsala in Himachal Pradesh, India.
An Epitome Of Sustainable Architecture In India: Punjab Mandi Bhawan, Mohali
It is widely known today that Sustainable Architecture refers to the creation of a building, structure or composite built-environment through a process that is environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building’s life-cycle: from site selection to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation and demolition. Sustainable buildings are aimed to reduce the overall impact of the built environment on human health and the natural environment by:
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In Memoriam - Antoine Predock's Legacy of Contextual Architecture. .pdf
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Mohinderjit Singh - A Versatile Architect Sculptor Painter & Punjabi Writer. ...
Mohinderjit Singh - A Versatile Architect Sculptor Painter & Punjabi Writer. ...
A Tribute to Madhav Achwal- An Architect Academician & Marathi Author. .pdf
A Tribute to Madhav Achwal- An Architect Academician & Marathi Author. .pdf
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Sarbjit Bahga: Architect-turned-Artist makes Sketches from the Heart
Sarbjit Bahga: Architect-turned-Artist makes Sketches from the Heart
ARCHITECTURAL RENDERING: HAND-DRAWN PERSPECTIVES & SKETCHES
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A New Book titled DR SS BHATTI: Biographical Conversations authored by Sarbji...
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Legend in the making dr ss bhatti - by prof charanjit s shah
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Dr SS Bhatti-Designed Brick-Faced Building Of Punjab Arts Council, Chandigar...
Dr SS Bhatti-Designed Brick-Faced Building Of Punjab Arts Council, Chandigar...
A Tribute To Nimish Patel - A Noted Indian Architect & Conservationist
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REMEMBERING PATWANT SINGH, AN AUTHOR AND VOICE OF MODERN INDIAN DESIGN
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Remembering J. K. Chowdhury - A Legendary Indian Architect On His 101st Birth...
Remembering J. K. Chowdhury - A Legendary Indian Architect On His 101st Birth...
Didi Contractor: A Self-Taught Architect Who Builds In Mud, Bamboo & Stone
Didi Contractor: A Self-Taught Architect Who Builds In Mud, Bamboo & Stone
An Epitome Of Sustainable Architecture In India: Punjab Mandi Bhawan, Mohali
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一比一原版(UCB毕业证书)伯明翰大学学院毕业证成绩单如何办理
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一比一原版(Brunel毕业证书)布鲁内尔大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：6496090 】【(Brunel毕业证书)布鲁内尔大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：6496090 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微6496090
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微6496090】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微6496090】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Let's Summon Demons Shirt Let's Summon Demons Shirt
Unleash Your Inner Demon with the "Let's Summon Demons" T-Shirt. Calling all fans of dark humor and edgy fashion! The "Let's Summon Demons" t-shirt is a unique way to express yourself and turn heads.
https://dribbble.com/shots/24253051-Let-s-Summon-Demons-Shirt
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI prelude
Invited talk at 'offtheCanvas' IndiaHCI prelude, 29th June 2024.
https://www.alandix.com/academic/talks/offtheCanvas-IndiaHCI2024/
The world is being changed fundamentally by AI and we are constantly faced with newspaper headlines about its harmful effects. However, there is also the potential to both ameliorate theses harms and use the new abilities of AI to transform society for the good. Can you make the difference?
一比一原版(Bolton毕业证书)博尔顿大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：6496090 】【(Bolton毕业证书)博尔顿大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：6496090 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微6496090
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微6496090】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微6496090】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Transforming Brand Perception and Boosting Profitability
In today's digital era, the dynamics of brand perception, consumer behavior, and profitability have been profoundly reshaped by the synergy of branding, social media, and website design. This research paper investigates the transformative power of these elements in influencing how individuals perceive brands and products and how this transformation can be harnessed to drive sales and profitability for businesses.
Through an exploration of brand psychology and consumer behavior, this study sheds light on the intricate ways in which effective branding strategies, strategic social media engagement, and user-centric website design contribute to altering consumers' perceptions. We delve into the principles that underlie successful brand transformations, examining how visual identity, messaging, and storytelling can captivate and resonate with target audiences.
Methodologically, this research employs a comprehensive approach, combining qualitative and quantitative analyses. Real-world case studies illustrate the impact of branding, social media campaigns, and website redesigns on consumer perception, sales figures, and profitability. We assess the various metrics, including brand awareness, customer engagement, conversion rates, and revenue growth, to measure the effectiveness of these strategies.
The results underscore the pivotal role of cohesive branding, social media influence, and website usability in shaping positive brand perceptions, influencing consumer decisions, and ultimately bolstering sales and profitability. This paper provides actionable insights and strategic recommendations for businesses seeking to leverage branding, social media, and website design as potent tools to enhance their market position and financial success.
一比一原版(Bristol毕业证书)布里斯托大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：6496090 】【(Bristol毕业证书)布里斯托大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：6496090 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微6496090
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微6496090】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微6496090】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Mohannad Abdullah portfolio _ V2 _22-24
Mohannad Abdullah
Architecture | Interior Design
portoflio_V2_22-24
一比一原版(Glasgow毕业证书)格拉斯哥大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
原件一模一样【微信：6496090 】【(Glasgow毕业证书)格拉斯哥大学毕业证成绩单】【微信：6496090 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微6496090
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微6496090】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微6496090】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for Designers
This presentation was made to help designers who work in publishing houses or format books for printing ensure quality.
Quality control is vital to every industry. This is why every department in a company need create a method they use in ensuring quality. This, perhaps, will not only improve the quality of products and bring errors to the barest minimum, but take it to a near perfect finish.
It is beyond a moot point that a good book will somewhat be judged by its cover, but the content of the book remains king. No matter how beautiful the cover, if the quality of writing or presentation is off, that will be a reason for readers not to come back to the book or recommend it.
So, this presentation points designers to some important things that may be missed by an editor that they could eventually discover and call the attention of the editor.
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Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI prelude
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