A. Cumulative Writing: Copy/paste (and revise if needed) the following sections from the Module 6 individual assignment. Use this information to help you complete the practical reasoning process.  Definition of Health & Wellbeing Problem Alternative Perspectives Ecological Systems Life Course Model  Systems of Action Include NEW Headings for Practical Reasoning - Use the information from your Module 6 assignment to apply the practical reasoning process. Headings to be included: B. Practical Reasoning Process:  (1) Problem Question - Write the problem in the form of a question. For example:  · What should be done to help the brother assume responsibility for his own actions?  · What should be done to about sharing parenting responsibilities?  · What should be done about . . . . . .? (2) Valued-End: What is the valued end or ultimate goal in relationship to this problem? (Review your definition of health and wellbeing and problem description). (approximately 1-3 sentences) (3) Consequences Related to the Problem - What will happen if the problem is resolved? Not resolved? (approximately 1-3 sentences) (4) Context of the Problem: Briefly describe the context of the problem (4-5 bullets) (refer to sections on alternative perspectives and ecological systems).  (5) Alternative Strategies and Consequences:  - Copy/paste (and revise if needed) at least 4-5 actions (refer to your section on Systems of Action -- should include technical, communicative and critical actions).  - Identify at least one positive (or negative) consequence of each action (approximately 1-2 sentences for each action).  (6)  Judgment: Considering the components of the practical reasoning process (context, valued ends, consequence, alternative strategies) – form a judgment about what should be done to move toward a resolution of the problem. (approximately 3-5 sentences)    The essay for part A A. Cumulative Writing  Definition of Health and Wellbeing The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as ‘a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’ (WHO, 1948). Health is a person’s state of complete mental, physical, and social wellbeing. It’s the broad aspect of being psychologically, mentally, and socially fit and the interaction of all these factors in a person’s real-life situation. Ideally, they both go beyond the ideal of the absence of illness. Wellbeing will broadly mean person health and positive interaction and participation with the society (Thompson, 2020). Problem-related to health and wellbeing From the case of Williams and Sarah, we realize that there is a psychosocial problem. The two couples sharply differ not only in the way the children should be disciplined but also in the manner in which they were raised, which to a better extend has impacted on their social life as grown-ups. While Williams believes corporal punishment is good in correcting a c.

1. A. Cumulative Writing: Copy/paste (and revise if needed) the
following sections from the
Module 6 individual assignment.
Use this information to help you complete the practical
reasoning process.
Definition of Health & Wellbeing
Problem
Alternative Perspectives
Ecological Systems
Life Course Model
Systems of Action
Include NEW Headings for Practical Reasoning - Use the
information from your Module 6 assignment to apply the
practical reasoning process.
Headings to be included:
B. Practical Reasoning Process:
(1) Problem Question - Write the problem in the form of a
question. For example:
· What should be done to help the brother assume responsibility

2. for his own actions?
· What should be done to about sharing parenting
responsibilities?
· What should be done about . . . . . .?
(2) Valued-End: What is the valued end or ultimate goal in
relationship to this problem? (Review your definition of health
and wellbeing and problem description).
(approximately 1-3 sentences)
(3)
Consequences Related to the Problem
-
What will happen if the problem is resolved? Not resolved?
(approximately 1-3 sentences)
(4) Context of the Problem: Briefly describe the context of the
problem
(4-5 bullets)
(refer to sections on alternative perspectives and ecological
systems).
(5) Alternative Strategies and Consequences:
- Copy/paste (and revise if needed) at least 4-5 actions (refer to
your section on Systems of Action -- should include technical,
communicative and critical actions).
- Identify at least one positive (or negative) consequence of
each action
(approximately 1-2 sentences for
each

3. action).
(6)
Judgment: Considering the components of the practical
reasoning process (context, valued ends, consequence,
alternative strategies) – form a judgment about what should be
done to move toward a resolution of the problem.
(approximately 3-5 sentences)
The essay for part A
A.
Cumulative Writing
Definition of Health and Wellbeing
The World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as ‘a
state of complete physical, mental
and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity’ (WHO, 1948). Health is a person’s state of complete
mental, physical, and social wellbeing. It’s the broad aspect of
being psychologically, mentally, and socially fit and the
interaction of all these factors in a person’s real-life situation.
Ideally, they both go beyond the ideal of the absence of illness.
Wellbeing will broadly mean person health and positive
interaction and participation with the society (Thompson, 2020).
Problem-related to health and wellbeing
From the case of Williams and Sarah, we realize that there is a
psychosocial problem. The two couples sharply differ not only
in the way the children should be disciplined but also in the
manner in which they were raised, which to a better extend has

4. impacted on their social life as grown-ups. While Williams
believes corporal punishment is good in correcting a child’s
behavior, Sarah cannot start it and a conflict ensues. Their
social setting differs and this results in a family that is marred
with conflict about how to discipline their daughter.
The rationale to the problem
The problem seems to be rooted from their different background
from which they were both raised. Williams was raised in a
family that uses slaps and spanks to correct wrong behavior
while Sarah was raised in a family which did not value corporal
punishment. As a result, they cannot tolerate each other. While
Sarah does not have any alternative to corporal punishment as a
way of correcting behavior, she cannot tolerate it as she
believes children raised with it assume violence and
aggressiveness as a way of solving issues but Williams knows a
little spanking is good for correcting child's behavior.
The 2 perspectives
Williams believes in corporal punishment for the correction of a
child's behavior. As many hold, similar beliefs as William-they
belief corporal punishment is effective in correcting behavior.
Researches imply its effectiveness in changing behavior
although it's widely opposed.
Sarah is strongly opposed to corporal punishment. She argues
it's a form of violence and its impact on the children's beliefs of
violence as the only means of solving problems is deleterious.
While many have observed corporal punishment is effective, its
impact is short-lived and may not be applicable for future
applicability. Hence, the need to adopt alternative disciplining
methods (Gershoff, 2018).
Event models

5. This problem may have been contributed by both psychological
and societal occurrences. First, Willian is said to have spent all
day long at work and he is tired and a bit upset. Their mental
state is not in its fitness. The societal model could have
contributed since the two couples were brought up from
different families with different beliefs and attributes. While
William has been spanked and beaten, Sarah’s family did not
treasure corporal punishment and hence the course of family rift
and conflict.
B.
Systems of Action
Technical action
Due to the differences seen in the psychosocial setting between
Sarah and William, it is crucial for them to embrace the idea of
disciplining the child which is agreeable to both of them.
According to Latin definition, discipline refers to offering
guidance to a child so that he/she learns appropriate behavior.
First, in order to solve the problem, the couple may consider
discipline the child by taking away privileges. This will
communicate to the child that the behavior is not acceptable.
Secondly, William and Sarah may consider rewarding good
behavior of the child. Thirdly, the couple may consider
explaining consequences of inappropriate behavior (Straus &
Donnelly, 2017). Sarah and William’s differences emanate from
the method of punishment to be used and therefore they can
embrace these new perspectives of discipline to meet the
immediate goal of punishment.
Communicative action
The idea of taking a certain course of action, in this case

6. punishing a child for wrong doing, is to achieve the intended
end, in this case making the child understand the accepted
behavior in the society. The contention here is the mode of
punishment that can be used for the child. Punishment, whether
corporal, spanking or otherwise, may not be superior in
achieving behavior change. It may achieve immediate
compliance but it is usually short-lived in many cases. It makes
children avoid a behavior but not necessarily changing them
(Garbarino, 2005). First, in order to solve the differences, Sarah
and William may employ inductive reasoning to ensure the child
is able to make judgements on what is acceptable. Secondly,
they can teach the child self-control so that the child may learn
to live within the values given by the parents. Thirdly, Sarah
and William may choose to embrace behavioral change as a way
of punishing their child. These three actions will solve the
differences the couple has on punishment, both in the short-term
and in the long-term (Straus & Donnelly, 2017).
Critical action
Parents who punishment their children either through corporal
punishment or spanking should be able to look at the results and
see whether they have achieved the intended result. For
instance, some parents punish their children because of
frustration, anger, poor relationships, or abuse. For Sarah and
William, it is important for them to look beyond their
differences and design a better way of overcoming the
differences. Through looking into where the differences are
coming from, the two can decide to take critical actions in
giving punishment. It is important to ask the right questions
when punishing children. The first question would be, “is it the
right action to take at the time”? The second critical question is
“will it achieve the correctional purpose”? The third critical
action question for the couple would be “will the behavior of
the child change or will the child employ avoidance instead?”
(Garbarino, 2005) These questions will guide parents is solving

7. their perspectives of the differences.
References
Garbarino, J. (2005). Corporal Punishment in Ecological
Perspective.
Corporal Punishment of Children in Theoretical Perspective
, 8–18. doi: 10.12987/yale/9780300085471.003.0002
Gershoff, E. T. (2018). Corporal punishment associated with
dating violence.
Journal of pediatrics
,
198
, 322-325.
Misselbrook D. (2014). W is for wellbeing and the WHO
definition of health.
The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal
College of General Practitioners
,
64
(628), 582.
https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp14X682381
Straus, M. A., & Donnelly, D. A. (2017). Social revolution and
Corporal Punishment.
Beating the Devil out of Them
, 165–192. doi: 10.4324/9781351314688-14
Thompson, V. L. S. (2020). Moving Beyond Mental Illness to
Mental Health and Wellbeing.
Long-Term Care