The document presents a study on Shahjalal Fertilizer Factory Ltd., established on July 1, 2011, with an annual production capacity of 580,800 metric tons of urea from natural gas. The urea production process involves reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide under high temperature and pressure, followed by various stages including distillation and prilling to produce the final fertilizer product. Urea fertilizer, known as 46-0-0, enhances soil fertility and promotes crop growth.

1. RAJSHAHI UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING
& TECHNOLOGY

2. STUDY ON A FERTILIZER INDUSTRY

3. PRESENTED BY
1.Hosainur Rahman Aungon[Roll-1511007]
2.Razib Hossen[Roll-1511008]
3.Abid Hasan Badhon[Roll-1511009]

4. INTRODUCTION
Name Of The Industry- Shahjalal Fertilizer
Factory Ltd.
Founded- 1st July,2011
Founder- Bangladesh Chemical
Industries Corporation
Ltd. (BCIC)
Location- Fenchugonj,Sylhet
Total Area- 165 Acres
Product- Urea
Annual Capacity- 5,80,800 MT

5. MAIN COMPONENTS & RAW MATERIALS
Main raw material of the industry is natural gas.
Ammonia & Carbon dioxide are the main two components for the
production of Urea.
Ammonia : Ammonia is a compound of Nitrogen and Hydrogen. It is a
colorless gas with a characteristic pungent smell. Ammonia contributes
significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as
a precursor to food & fertilizers.
Carbon dioxide : Carbon dioxide is a colorless & odorless gas vital to life
on Earth. This naturally occurring chemical compound is composed of a
Carbon atom covalently double bonded to two Oxygen atoms. For that
kind of industry large quantities of Carbon dioxide are produced during
the Ammonia manufacturing process as a by product from hydrocarbon
such as natural gas.

6. METHODOLOGY/WORKING PROCEDURE
Urea is manufactured by reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide
in autoclave to form ammonia carbamate .The operating
temperature is 135 C and 35 atm pressure, the chemical
reaction is endothermic reaction so ammonia is maintained in
excess to shift the equilibrium towards urea formation. Urea
production is based on two main reactions.
1. Formation of ammonium carbamate.
2. Dehydration of ammonium carbamate to produce molten
urea.

7. FLOW DIAGRAM OF UREA PRODUCTION PROCESS
FROM AMMONIA AND CARBON-DIOXIDE

8. PROCEDURE
Ammonia pumping : Liquid ammonia is pumped
from the multistage pump which maintain the
reaction pressure in the vertical stainless steel
vessel.
Carbon dioxide compression: Ammonia plant
directly boost the carbon dioxide from the
compression section as it readily form at the
carbon dioxide section of ammonia production
plant.

9. FIG - UREA SYNTHESIS
TOWER
Urea synthesis tower : It is lined
with film of oxides to protect
form corrosion. Catalyst bed is
placed in the inner side of
autoclave structure and 180-200
atm pressure at temperature
about 180-200 deg centigrade is
maintained. Plug flow operation
take places and molten urea is
removed from the top of the
tower.

10. FIG – DISTILLATION
TOWER
 Distillation tower and
Flash drum : This high
pressure slurry is flashed
to 1 atm pressure &
distilled to remove
excess ammonia &
decomposed ammonia
carbamate salts are
removed and recycled

11. FIG – VACUUM
EVAPORATOR
Vacuum Evaporator : The solution is fed to
vacuum evaporator for concentrating the slurry.

12. FIG – PRILLING TOWER
 Prilling Tower : It is dryer where
the molten slurry is passed
from top of the tower into a
bucket which rotates and
sprinkles the slurry & air is
passed from the bottom. All the
moisture is removed as the
urea from into granules during
it journey to the bottom of the
tower. This granules are sent by
conveyor to the bagging
section.

13. PRODUCT
The urea fertilizer, also popularly called forty six zero
zero(46-0-0), is a simple or straight (single-
element)fertilizer that supplies the major essential
element nitrogen in ammonia from (NH4+).

14. USES OF UREA FERTILIZER
1.Urea can be applied in the soil in the form of
solid prills or pellets.
2.It decomposes into gaseous ammonia
,carbon dioxide and water.
3.It fertiles the soil as a result more crops
can be grown in small place.

15. THE END
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