This is a live document that I use to present the state of NETCONF and YANG in various contexts. I use it to inform and get conversation going, not to provide complete and final documentation of NETCONF and YANG. I update this document almost monthly, mostly with regards to industry support and working group timelines, check back!
Synopsis: A tutorial on the NETCONF protocol. The operations of the core NETCONF protocol are taught. This is followed by examination of traces of NETCONF sessions.
Synopsis: Part 2 of a tutorial on the YANG data modeling language. The basics of YANG were taught in Part 1. More advanced YANG statements are taught in this module.
» Read more at http://www.tail-f.com/education/what-is-netconf/
» Watch the Tail-f Why NETCONF video at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-BvpHd49-o&list=PLGSa_0wjZ-GgoReC1SNmgSHi2k4KUGPgo&index=1
NETCONF is a protocol defined by the IETF to "install, manipulate, and delete the configuration of network devices". NETCONF operations are realized on top of a Remote Procedure Call (RPC) layer using an XML encoding and provides a basic set of operations to edit and query configuration on a network device.
Synopsis: A high-level technical introduction to ConfD. Introduction to ConfD architecture, data model driven paradigm, core engine features and northbound interfaces.
Synopsis: A tutorial on the NETCONF protocol. The operations of the core NETCONF protocol are taught. This is followed by examination of traces of NETCONF sessions.
Synopsis: Part 2 of a tutorial on the YANG data modeling language. The basics of YANG were taught in Part 1. More advanced YANG statements are taught in this module.
» Read more at http://www.tail-f.com/education/what-is-netconf/
» Watch the Tail-f Why NETCONF video at
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H-BvpHd49-o&list=PLGSa_0wjZ-GgoReC1SNmgSHi2k4KUGPgo&index=1
NETCONF is a protocol defined by the IETF to "install, manipulate, and delete the configuration of network devices". NETCONF operations are realized on top of a Remote Procedure Call (RPC) layer using an XML encoding and provides a basic set of operations to edit and query configuration on a network device.
Synopsis: A high-level technical introduction to ConfD. Introduction to ConfD architecture, data model driven paradigm, core engine features and northbound interfaces.
SOSCON 2019.10.17
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Daniel T. Lee (Hoyeon Lee)
@danieltimlee
Daniel T. Lee currently works as Software Engineer at Kosslab and contributing to Linux kernel BPF project. He has interest in cloud, Linux networking, and tracing technologies, and likes to analyze the kernel's internal using BPF technology.
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Synopsis: Part 1 of a tutorial on the YANG data modeling language. The basics of YANG are taught in this module. More advanced YANG statements are taught in Part 2.
What is NFV? How does it relate to SDN, what does it mean for the telecommunications industry, and why should anyone outside of that industry care?
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Digital transformation is at a critical juncture, with a diverse range of industries making changes that signifi-
cantly transform the way people live and work. These shifts have been driving advancements in the financial,
transportation, manufacturing, governmental, and many more sectors. Innovative mobile broadband technologies,
an underlying infrastructure, are a key driving force behind the digitalization of all walks of life. With
the rapid development of 5G, an increasing number of new applications and business models will reshape
the social and economic formation.
Such changes will stimulate strategic planning regarding industry opportunities, technical evolution,
network architecture, and other areas. Telecom operators are growing increasingly concerned with the
creation of a new target network to maximize return on investment (ROI) and achieve business success while
maintaining a competitive edge for the future. Global operators are promoting early deployment of 5G and
innovative business models through continuous 4G evolution. This has led to today's business achievements
and has laid a solid foundation for the huge potential of 5G.
With a gradual consensus being formed for the entire industry, all related players in the industry chain will
develop close collaboration to embrace a brighter future for the wireless network industry.
Continuous 4G evolution, a road to 5G!
Tail-f Webinar OpenFlow Switch Management Using NETCONF and YANGTail-f Systems
This Webinar is on the OF-CONFIG specification and how it applies to large scale OpenFlow switch management.
If you are interested in the management of OpenFlow switches and want to find out more about available specifications and tools to build and deploy such solutions, this webinar provides a useful overview.
Webinar Agenda:
-Step-by-step walkthrough of the OpenFlow Management and Configuration Protocol
-Demonstration of how to use of the YANG language to define the structure and semantics of OpenFlow switch configurations
-The role of NETCONF in implementing OF-CONFIG
Advantages of this approach to network device manufacturers and network operations teams needing to quickly develop and deploy state-of-the-art management solutions
-Short overview of Tail-f Systems’ applicable products and tools
http://www.tail-f.com
SOSCON 2019.10.17
What are the methods for packet processing on Linux? And how fast are each packet processing methods? In this presentation, we will learn how to handle packets on Linux (User space, socket filter, netfilter, tc), and compare performance with analysis of where each packet processing is done in the network stack (hook point). Also, we will discuss packet processing using XDP, an in-kernel fast-path recently added to the Linux kernel. eXpress Data Path (XDP) is a high-performance programmable network data-path within the Linux kernel. The XDP is located at the lowest level of access through SW in the network stack, the point at which driver receives the packet. By using the eBPF infrastructure at this hook point, the network stack can be expanded without modifying the kernel.
Daniel T. Lee (Hoyeon Lee)
@danieltimlee
Daniel T. Lee currently works as Software Engineer at Kosslab and contributing to Linux kernel BPF project. He has interest in cloud, Linux networking, and tracing technologies, and likes to analyze the kernel's internal using BPF technology.
The Open Network Operating System (ONOS) is the first open source SDN network operating system targeted specifically at the Service Provider and mission critical networks. ONOS is purpose built to provide the high availability (HA), scale-out, and performance these networks demand.
Next Generation Nexus 9000 ArchitectureCisco Canada
In the upcoming year, 2016, the industry will see a significant capacity, capability and cost point shift in Data Center switching. The introduction of 25/100G supplementing the previous standard of 10/40G at the same cost points and power efficiency which represents a 250% increase in capacity for roughly the same capital costs is just one example of the scope of the change. These changes are occurring due to the introduction of new generations of ASICs leveraging improvements in semiconductor fabrication combined with innovative developments in network algorithms, SerDes capabilities and ASIC design approaches. This session will take a deep dive look at the technology changes enabling this shift and the architecture of the next generation nexus 9000 Data Center switches enabled due to these changes. Topics will include a discussion of the introduction of 25/50/100G to compliment existing 10/40G, why next generation fabrication techniques enable much larger forwarding scale, more intelligent buffering and queuing algorithms and embedded telemetry enabling big data analytics based on network traffic
Synopsis: Part 1 of a tutorial on the YANG data modeling language. The basics of YANG are taught in this module. More advanced YANG statements are taught in Part 2.
What is NFV? How does it relate to SDN, what does it mean for the telecommunications industry, and why should anyone outside of that industry care?
Presentation delivered at CloudOpen Europe, Düsseldorf, October 2014
LinuxCon 2015 Linux Kernel Networking WalkthroughThomas Graf
This presentation features a walk through the Linux kernel networking stack for users and developers. It will cover insights into both, existing essential networking features and recent developments and will show how to use them properly. Our starting point is the network card driver as it feeds a packet into the stack. We will follow the packet as it traverses through various subsystems such as packet filtering, routing, protocol stacks, and the socket layer. We will pause here and there to look into concepts such as networking namespaces, segmentation offloading, TCP small queues, and low latency polling and will discuss how to configure them.
Digital transformation is at a critical juncture, with a diverse range of industries making changes that signifi-
cantly transform the way people live and work. These shifts have been driving advancements in the financial,
transportation, manufacturing, governmental, and many more sectors. Innovative mobile broadband technologies,
an underlying infrastructure, are a key driving force behind the digitalization of all walks of life. With
the rapid development of 5G, an increasing number of new applications and business models will reshape
the social and economic formation.
Such changes will stimulate strategic planning regarding industry opportunities, technical evolution,
network architecture, and other areas. Telecom operators are growing increasingly concerned with the
creation of a new target network to maximize return on investment (ROI) and achieve business success while
maintaining a competitive edge for the future. Global operators are promoting early deployment of 5G and
innovative business models through continuous 4G evolution. This has led to today's business achievements
and has laid a solid foundation for the huge potential of 5G.
With a gradual consensus being formed for the entire industry, all related players in the industry chain will
develop close collaboration to embrace a brighter future for the wireless network industry.
Continuous 4G evolution, a road to 5G!
Tail-f Webinar OpenFlow Switch Management Using NETCONF and YANGTail-f Systems
This Webinar is on the OF-CONFIG specification and how it applies to large scale OpenFlow switch management.
If you are interested in the management of OpenFlow switches and want to find out more about available specifications and tools to build and deploy such solutions, this webinar provides a useful overview.
Webinar Agenda:
-Step-by-step walkthrough of the OpenFlow Management and Configuration Protocol
-Demonstration of how to use of the YANG language to define the structure and semantics of OpenFlow switch configurations
-The role of NETCONF in implementing OF-CONFIG
Advantages of this approach to network device manufacturers and network operations teams needing to quickly develop and deploy state-of-the-art management solutions
-Short overview of Tail-f Systems’ applicable products and tools
http://www.tail-f.com
DEVNET-1152 OpenDaylight YANG Model Overview and ToolsCisco DevNet
YANG is a data modeling language defining device and service configuration and operations. This session will describe what YANG is (with examples), and its relationship to and how it is used in OpenDaylight. Several tools making it easier for the application developer to work with YANG will be discussed. It will conclude with a demonstration of YANGUI and YANG Visualizer, two new OpenDaylight applicationx that auto-generate a user interface and directed graph respectively, both based on selected YANG models.
PLNOG14: Service orchestration in provider network, Tail-f - Przemysław BorekPROIDEA
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Language: English
Service orchestration in provider network, Tail-f
Register to the next PLNOG edition today: krakow.plnog.pl
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As presented by PLVision's team at MPLS+SDN+NFV World Congress Paris 2019 at ONF Tutorials.
Introduction to YANG data models and their use in OpenDaylight: an overviewCisco DevNet
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Further expanding the discussion on inter-networking devices (Routers and Switches) the NETCONF protocol will be discussed. NETCONF is a open standard protocol supported by major inter-networking vendors. This session looks to leveraging the NETCONF schema to retrieve the configuration files from inter-networking devices. This session will cover issues and challenges related to:
•Security Automation and inter-networking devices.
•Access methods to retrieve and process device configuration settings.
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Cisco DNA is an open and extensible, software-driven architecture built on a set of design principles with the objective of providing:
- Insights & Actions to drive faster business innovation
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This session will focus on the open, model-driven, programmable interfaces available across Cisco's network elements which enable you to leverage and extend your network through applications that directly access the routers and switches in your network.
Watch the DevNet 1028 replay from the Cisco Live On-Demand Library at: https://www.ciscolive.com/online/connect/sessionDetail.ww?SESSION_ID=91041&backBtn=true
Check out more and register for Cisco DevNet: http://ow.ly/jCNV3030OfS
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A 30-minute Introduction to NETCONF and YANG
1. A 30-minute Introduction to NETCONF and YANG
Carl Moberg <calle@tail-f.com>
twitter: @cmoberg
Last updated 2011-11-18
2. Document Introduction
• This is a live documentation that I use to present the state
of NETCONF and YANG in various contexts
• I use it to inform and get conversation going, not to provide
complete and final documentation of NETCONF and YANG
• I update this document roughly quarterly, mostly with
regards to industry support and working group
timelines, check back or get in touch!
2
3. Some Background
• NETCONF is an IETF configuration management protocol
and YANG is its data modeling language
• In response to SNMP/SMI shortcomings for managing
configuration e.g.:
– Lack of support for simple things like backup-and-restore of element
configuration
– No concept of transactions (single- or multibox)
– Many inherent limitations in SMI (e.g. label length)
• Lots of background text in RFC 3535 Overview of the 2002
IAB Network Management Workshop
3
4. NETCONF and YANG Brief Timeline
NETCONF YANG
• 2001 • 2007
IETF Meeting with poll of YANG design team proposal
SNMP SET usage
• Apr 2008
• June 2002
NETMOD WG established
IAB Network Mgmt Workshop
• Oct 2010
• May 2003
YANG RFC 6020 published
NETCONF WG established
• Dec 2006
NETCONF core RFCs
published
4
5. So What is NETCONF?
• NETCONF is an IETF network management protocol
designed to support management of
configuration, including:
– Distinction between configuration and state data
– Multiple configuration data stores (candidate, running, startup)
– Configuration change validations
– Configuration change transactions
– Selective data retrieval with filtering
– Streaming and playback of event notifications
– Extensible remote procedure call mechanism
5
6. Ok, So What is YANG
• YANG is a data modeling language designed to write data
models for the NETCONF protocol. It provides the following
features:
– Human readable, and easy to learn representation
– Hierarchical configuration data models
– Reusable types and groupings (structured types)
– Extensibility through augmentation mechanisms
– Supports definition of operations (RPCs)
– Formal constraints for configuration validation
– Data modularity through modules and sub-modules
– Well defined versioning rules
6
7. NETCONF Layering Model
Layer NETCONF
Content Configuration Data
Operations <get> <get-config> <notification>
<rpc>
RPC
<rpc-reply>
Transport
SSH, SSL, BEEP, etc
Protocol
7
8. Basic NETCONF Operations
• Get configuration <get-config>
– Retrieve all or part of a specified configuration from a named data store
• Get all information <get>
– Retrieve running configuration and device state information
• Edit configuration <edit-config>
– Loads all or part of a specified configuration to the specified target
configuration
• Copy configuration <copy-config>
– Create or replace an entire configuration datastore with the contents of
another complete configuration datastore.
• Delete configuration <delete-config>
– Delete a configuration datastore (not applicable to running)
• Lock and unlock <lock>, <unlock>
– Short-lived lock and unlock of the configuration system of a device
• Close and kill session <close-session>, <kill-session>
– Graceful (close) or forced (kill) termination of a NETCONF session
8
9. YANG Feature Highlights
• YANG definitions directly map to NETCONF (XML) content
• YANG uses a compact C and Java-like syntax with
readability is highest priority
• Data type system leverages work done for next-generation
SNMP type system accommodating XML and XSD
requirements
• YANG can be formally translated to DSDL
(RelaxNG, Schematron and DSRL) as described in RFC
6110
• There is also an informal translation to W3C XML Schema
in the pyang tool
9
10. YANG Feature Highlights (cont’d)
• Organization
– Leaf, leaf-list, container, lists, grouping, choice
• Data model structure
– Module, submodule, augment, if-feature, when
• Constraints
– Must, unique, min-elements, max-elements, mandatory
• Data types
– Many built-in types, sub-typing, restrictions
• Reusable groupings
– Grouping, uses
10
11. YANG Example
module acme-system {
namespace "http://acme.example.com/system";
prefix "acme”;
organization "ACME Inc.”;
contact "joe@acme.example.com";
description
"The module for entities implementing the ACME
system.”;
revision 2007-11-05 {
description "Initial revision.”;
}
container system {
leaf host-name {
type string;
description "Hostname for this system”;
}
11
12. YANG Example (cont’d)
list interface {
key "name";
description "List of interfaces in the system”;
leaf name {
type string;
}
leaf type {
type string;
}
leaf mtu {
type int32;
}
}
}
}
12
13. Known NETCONF Vendor Implementations
– Alaxala – Juniper Networks
• Ethernet switches • JUNOS 7.5 and later
– BATM/Telco Systems – Nexor
• T-Metro 7224 • Messaging Gateways
– BigBand – RuggedCom
• MSP2800 • RX5000 and MX5000
– Brocade – Sonus
• NetIron XMR, CES, and CER • NBS5200 Session Border Controller
• MLX Series – Taseon
• VDX (Announced, not released) • TN 320
– Cisco – Verivue
• IOS 12.4(9)T and later • MDX 9020
• IOS XE 2.1 and later
– Edgeware
• WTV-2X
– Ericsson
• SEA 20 Entries in italics is new in this version of the
– H3C presentation
• S9500E Series Routing Switches
Please Note that this list is work in
– Huawei
• AR3200/2200 Enterprise Routers
progress and feedback on accuracy and
completeness is strongly encouraged
13
14. Available NETCONF Implementations
Commercial Products Open Source Projects
– Applied Informatics
• POCO NETCONF (server) – Ncclient (client)
– Centered Logic – NetconfX (client)
• NetconfX (client)
– Netconf4Android
– Oracle/GoAhead
• NETCONF MindAgent (server) (client)
– SNMP Research – netconf4j (client)
• EPIC NETCONF (server)
– netopeer (client/server)
– Tail-f Systems
• ConfD (server) – YencaP (client/server)
• NCS (client)
– Yuma (client/server)
– Velankani
• NOCVue ConfigMan
Please Note that this list is work in
– WebNMS
progress and feedback on accuracy and
• WebNMS Framework (client) completeness is strongly encouraged
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15. Available YANG Implementations
• Commercial Products • Open Source Projects
– MG Soft Corporation – jYang
– Oracle/GoAhead – libsmi
– SNMP Research – Pyang
– Tail-f Systems – yang-mode for Emacs
– Yuma
Please Note that this list is work in
progress and feedback on accuracy and
completeness is strongly encouraged
15
16. Standards Organizations Activities
• IETF
– YANG models for Service
– NETCONF working group OAM PM and FM
focusing on: – To be published
• Access Control
• System Notifications
– NETMOD (YANG) working
group currently focusing on: – YANG module for CCAP: next
• Interfaces, routing and system generation cable head-end systems
data modules – Part of the Converged Cable
• SMIv2-to-YANG translation Access Platform Support
– Always updated: System Interface Specification
• http://tools.ietf.org/wg/netconf/
• http://tools.ietf.org/wg/netconf/
Please Note that this list is work in
progress and feedback on accuracy and
completeness is strongly encouraged
16
17. Further Reading
• IETF NETMOD and NETCONF WG pages:
– http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netconf/trac/wiki
– http://trac.tools.ietf.org/wg/netmod/trac/wiki
• NETCONF Central
– http://www.netconfcentral.org/
• YANG Central
– http://www.yang-central.org/twiki/bin/view/Main/WebHome
• Instant YANG – an Introduction
– http://www.tail-f.com/instant-yang-primer
• The NETCONF and YANG Users LinkedIn Group
– http://www.linkedin.com/groups/NETCONF-YANG-Users-3301774
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20. Why not use XSD?
• XSD defines the syntax of XML instance documents,
• YANG defines the semantics of a configuration data model
and the syntax of XML
• For more in-depth reading:
– Why we need a NETCONF-Specific Modeling Language (draft-
lengyel-why-yang-00.txt)
– Comparing Approaches to NETCONF Modeling (CANMOD) BOF
(http://tools.ietf.org/agenda/71/canmod.html)
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21. A Layered Comparison
SNMP NETCONF SOAP
Data models MIBs Modules
Data Modeling SMI YANG
Language
Management SNMP NETCONF
Operations
RPC Protocol BER XML XML
Transport Stack UDP SSH SSL
BEEP HTTP
SOAP TCP
TLS
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