A developmental perspective on the origins and continuity of antisocial behavior.

1. Antisocial Behavior: Parent,
Child, and Environmental
Contributing Factors
Katherine Casey
San José State University

2. Overview
Research problem
Patterson et al. (1989) model
Parenting factors
Child factors
Environmental factors
Severe forms of antisocial behavior
Continuity and change
Methodological issues
Suggestions for future research
Implications for treatment

3. Research
Problem
Victimization
Maladaptive to social well-
being
Which parenting, child,
and environmental factors
influence the development
of antisocial behavior?

4. Patterson, DeBaryshe,
and Ramsey (1989)

5. Patterson, DeBaryshe,
and Ramsey (1989)
Model of Antisocial Behavior

6. Patterson, DeBaryshe,
and Ramsey (1989)
Model of Antisocial Behavior
(-)
Parenting

7. Patterson, DeBaryshe,
and Ramsey (1989)
Model of Antisocial Behavior
(-)
Parenting

8. Patterson, DeBaryshe,
and Ramsey (1989)
Model of Antisocial Behavior
(-)
Parenting
Social
Learning

9. Patterson, DeBaryshe,
and Ramsey (1989)
Model of Antisocial Behavior
(-)
Parenting
Social
Learning

10. Patterson, DeBaryshe,
and Ramsey (1989)
Model of Antisocial Behavior
(-)
Parenting
Social
Learning
Rejection

11. Patterson, DeBaryshe,
and Ramsey (1989)
Model of Antisocial Behavior
(-)
Parenting
Social
Learning
Rejection

12. Patterson, DeBaryshe,
and Ramsey (1989)
Model of Antisocial Behavior
(-)
Parenting
Social
Learning
Rejection
Delinquency

13. Negative Parenting
Knutson, DeGarmo, and Reid (2004)
Gershoff (2002)
American Psychiatric Association (1994)

14. Negative Parenting
Neglect
Knutson, DeGarmo, and Reid (2004)
Gershoff (2002)
American Psychiatric Association (1994)

15. Negative Parenting
Care
Neglect
Knutson, DeGarmo, and Reid (2004)
Gershoff (2002)
American Psychiatric Association (1994)

16. Negative Parenting
Care
Neglect Supervision
Knutson, DeGarmo, and Reid (2004)
Gershoff (2002)
American Psychiatric Association (1994)

17. Negative Parenting
Care
Neglect Supervision
Knutson, DeGarmo, and Reid (2004)
Punishment
Gershoff (2002)
American Psychiatric Association (1994)

18. Negative Parenting
Care
Neglect Supervision
Knutson, DeGarmo, and Reid (2004)
Punishment
Gershoff (2002)
Inconsistency
American Psychiatric Association (1994)

19. Pinderhughes, Dodge,
Bates, Pettit, & Zelli (2000)

20. Pinderhughes, Dodge,
Bates, Pettit, & Zelli (2000)
Parent Beliefs
about
Punishment

21. Pinderhughes, Dodge,
Bates, Pettit, & Zelli (2000)
Parent Beliefs
about
Punishment

22. Pinderhughes, Dodge,
Bates, Pettit, & Zelli (2000)
Parent Beliefs
SES
about
Punishment

23. Pinderhughes, Dodge,
Bates, Pettit, & Zelli (2000)
Parent Beliefs
SES
about
Punishment

24. Pinderhughes, Dodge,
Bates, Pettit, & Zelli (2000)
Parent Beliefs
SES
about
Punishment
Parent
Stress
Levels

25. Pinderhughes, Dodge,
Bates, Pettit, & Zelli (2000)
Parent Beliefs
SES
about
Punishment
Parent
Stress
Levels

26. Parent Beliefs
SES
about
Punishment
Parent
Stress
Levels

27. Smith and
Farrington
(2004)
Parent Beliefs
SES
about
Punishment
Parent
Stress
Levels

28. Smith and
Farrington
(2004)
Parent Beliefs
G 1
SES
about
Punishment
Parent
Stress
Levels

29. Smith and
Farrington
(2004)
Parent Beliefs
G 1
SES
about
Punishment
Parent
Stress
Levels

30. Smith and
Farrington
(2004)
Parent Beliefs
G 1
SES
about
Punishment
G 2
Parent
Stress
Levels

31. Smith and
Farrington
(2004)
Parent Beliefs
G 1
SES
about
Punishment
G 2
Parent
Stress
Levels

32. Smith and
Farrington
(2004)
Parent Beliefs
G 1
SES
about
Punishment
G 2
Parent
Stress G 3
Levels

33. Overview
Research problem
Patterson et al. (1989) model
Parenting factors
Child factors
Environmental factors
Severe forms of antisocial behavior
Continuity and change
Methodological issues
Suggestions for future research
Implications for treatment

34. Temperament &
Personality
Huey and Weisz (1997)
Neighbors, Vietor, & Knee
(2002)

35. Temperament &
Personality
Ego Undercontrol
Huey and Weisz (1997)
Neighbors, Vietor, & Knee
(2002)

36. Temperament &
Personality
Ego Undercontrol
Huey and Weisz (1997)
Neighbors, Vietor, & Knee
(2002)

37. Temperament &
Personality
Ego Undercontrol
Huey and Weisz (1997)
Ego
Brittleness
Neighbors, Vietor, & Knee
(2002)

38. Temperament &
Personality
Ego Undercontrol
Huey and Weisz (1997)
Ego
Brittleness
Neighbors, Vietor, & Knee
(2002)

39. Temperament &
Personality
Ego Undercontrol
Huey and Weisz (1997)
Ego
Extraversion
Brittleness
Neighbors, Vietor, & Knee
(2002)

40. Temperament &
Personality
Ego Undercontrol
Huey and Weisz (1997)
Ego
Extraversion
Brittleness
Ego
Neighbors, Vietor, & Knee Defensiveness
(2002)

41. Callous-Unemotional Traits

42. Callous-Unemotional Traits
Pardini, Lochman,
Warmth & Powell (2007)

43. Callous-Unemotional Traits
Physical Pardini, Lochman,
Warmth & Powell (2007)
Punishment

44. Callous-Unemotional Traits
Physical Pardini, Lochman,
Warmth & Powell (2007)
Punishment
ASB

45. Callous-Unemotional Traits
Physical Pardini, Lochman,
Warmth & Powell (2007)
Punishment
ASB
CU
Traits

46. Callous-Unemotional Traits
Pardini, Lochman,
& Powell (2007)
ASB
CU
Traits

47. Callous-Unemotional Traits
Pardini, Lochman,
& Powell (2007)
ASB
CU
Traits

48. Callous-Unemotional Traits
Pardini, Lochman,
& Powell (2007)
ASB
Adrenal CU
Responsiveness Traits
Azar, Paquette, Zoccolillo,
Baltzer, & Tremblay (2007)

49. Callous-Unemotional Traits
Pardini, Lochman,
& Powell (2007)
ASB
Adrenal CU
Responsiveness Traits
Azar, Paquette, Zoccolillo,
Punishment
Baltzer, & Tremblay (2007)
Insensitivity
Dadds & Salmon (2003)

50. Neurophysiology

51. Neurophysiology

52. Neurophysiology

53. Environment

54. Environment
Social
structure
(Bock, 1988; Kohn, Slomczynski, &
Schoenbach 1986)

55. Environment
Social Hierarchy/
structure Poverty
(Castillo, 1997; Macmillan et al., 2004;
Myers, 2008; Smeeding, 2000)
(Bock, 1988; Kohn, Slomczynski, &
Schoenbach 1986)

56. Environment Divorce
Social Hierarchy/
structure Poverty
(Castillo, 1997; Macmillan et al., 2004;
Myers, 2008; Smeeding, 2000)
(Bock, 1988; Kohn, Slomczynski, &
Schoenbach 1986)

57. Environment Divorce
Social Hierarchy/
structure Poverty
(Castillo, 1997; Macmillan et al., 2004;
Myers, 2008; Smeeding, 2000)
(Bock, 1988; Kohn, Slomczynski, &
Schoenbach 1986)

58. Environment Divorce
Social Hierarchy/
Neglect
structure Poverty
/Abuse
(Castillo, 1997; Macmillan et al., 2004;
Myers, 2008; Smeeding, 2000)
(Bock, 1988; Kohn, Slomczynski, &
Schoenbach 1986)

59. Environment Divorce
Social Hierarchy/
Neglect
structure Poverty
/Abuse
(Castillo, 1997; Macmillan et al., 2004;
Myers, 2008; Smeeding, 2000)
(Bock, 1988; Kohn, Slomczynski, &
Schoenbach 1986)
Competition
(Barber, 2006; Cooke & Michie, 1999;
Sage & Kavussanu, 2007)

60. Environment Divorce
Social Hierarchy/
Neglect
structure Poverty
/Abuse
(Castillo, 1997; Macmillan et al., 2004;
Myers, 2008; Smeeding, 2000)
(Bock, 1988; Kohn, Slomczynski, &
Schoenbach 1986)
Ego
Competition
Involvement
(Barber, 2006; Cooke & Michie, 1999;
Sage & Kavussanu, 2007)

61. Environment Divorce
Social Hierarchy/
Neglect
structure Poverty
/Abuse
(Castillo, 1997; Macmillan et al., 2004;
Myers, 2008; Smeeding, 2000)
(Bock, 1988; Kohn, Slomczynski, &
Schoenbach 1986)
Ego
Competition
Involvement
(Barber, 2006; Cooke & Michie, 1999;
Sage & Kavussanu, 2007)
Individualism

62. Environment Divorce
Social Hierarchy/
Neglect
structure Poverty
/Abuse
(Castillo, 1997; Macmillan et al., 2004;
Myers, 2008; Smeeding, 2000)
(Bock, 1988; Kohn, Slomczynski, &
Schoenbach 1986)
Ego
Competition
Social Involvement
Exclusion (Barber, 2006; Cooke & Michie, 1999;
Sage & Kavussanu, 2007)
(Twenge, Baumeister, DeWall, Ciarrocco,
Individualism
and Bartels, 2007; van Lier, Vitaro, Wanner,
Vuijk, and Crijnen, 2005)

63. Environment Divorce
Social Hierarchy/
Neglect
structure Poverty
/Abuse
(Castillo, 1997; Macmillan et al., 2004;
Myers, 2008; Smeeding, 2000)
(Bock, 1988; Kohn, Slomczynski, &
Schoenbach 1986)
Ego
Competition
Social Involvement
Exclusion (Barber, 2006; Cooke & Michie, 1999;
Sage & Kavussanu, 2007)
(Twenge, Baumeister, DeWall, Ciarrocco,
Individualism
and Bartels, 2007; van Lier, Vitaro, Wanner,
ASB, PSB
Vuijk, and Crijnen, 2005)

64. Overview
Research problem
Patterson et al. (1989) model
Parenting factors
Child factors
Environmental factors
Severe forms of antisocial behavior
Continuity and change
Methodological issues
Suggestions for future research
Implications for treatment

65. Severe /Chronic ASB

66. Severe /Chronic ASB
Conduct
Disorder (CD)
(DSM-IV, 1994)

67. Severe /Chronic ASB
Conduct Males
Disorder (CD) 6-16%
(DSM-IV, 1994)

68. Severe /Chronic ASB
Conduct Males Females
Disorder (CD) 6-16% 2-9%
(DSM-IV, 1994)

69. Severe /Chronic ASB
Conduct Males Females
Disorder (CD) 6-16% 2-9%
(DSM-IV, 1994)
Childhood-
Onset

70. Severe /Chronic ASB
Conduct Males Females
Disorder (CD) 6-16% 2-9%
(DSM-IV, 1994)
Childhood-
Onset Adolescent-
Onset

71. Severe /Chronic ASB
Conduct Males Females
Disorder (CD) 6-16% 2-9%
(DSM-IV, 1994)
Childhood-
Onset Adolescent-
Onset

72. Severe /Chronic ASB
Conduct Males Females
Disorder (CD) 6-16% 2-9%
(DSM-IV, 1994)
Childhood-
Onset Adolescent-
Onset
Biology (Monuteaux, Faraone, Gross,
& Biederman, 2007)

73. Severe /Chronic ASB
Conduct Males Females
Disorder (CD) 6-16% 2-9%
(DSM-IV, 1994)
Childhood-
Onset Adolescent-
Onset
Antisocial
Personality Biology (Monuteaux, Faraone, Gross,
& Biederman, 2007)
Disorder (ASPD)

74. Severe /Chronic ASB
Conduct Males Females
Disorder (CD) 6-16% 2-9%
(DSM-IV, 1994)
Childhood-
Onset Adolescent-
Onset
Antisocial
Personality Biology (Monuteaux, Faraone, Gross,
& Biederman, 2007)
Disorder (ASPD)

75. Conitnuity / Change

76. Conitnuity / Change
CD
ASPD

77. Conitnuity / Change
CD
52%
ASPD

78. Conitnuity / Change
CD
52% (Loeber, Burke, & Lahey, 2002)
ASPD

79. Conitnuity / Change
CD
90%
52% (Loeber, Burke, & Lahey, 2002)
ASPD

80. Conitnuity / Change
CD
90%
52% (Loeber, Burke, & Lahey, 2002)
Incarcerated
ASPD
Youth
(Washburn et al., 2007)

81. Conitnuity / Change
CD
90%
52% (Loeber, Burke, & Lahey, 2002)
Incarcerated
ASPD
Youth
20%
(Washburn et al., 2007)

82. Overview
Research problem
Patterson et al. (1989) model
Parenting factors
Child factors
Environmental factors
Severe forms of antisocial behavior
Continuity and change
Methodological issues
Suggestions for future research
Implications for treatment

83. Methodological Difficulties

84. Methodological Difficulties
Incarcerated, Clinical
Samples
(Lynam et al., 1999; Ross & Rausch, 2001)

85. Methodological Difficulties
Incarcerated, Clinical
Samples
(Lynam et al., 1999; Ross & Rausch, 2001)
Male
Samples

86. Methodological Difficulties
Incarcerated, Clinical
Samples
(Lynam et al., 1999; Ross & Rausch, 2001)
Male
Samples Validity /
Measurement of
Constructs
(Houston, McIntire, Kinnie, & Terry, 2002; Ross & Rausch, 2001)

87. Methodological Difficulties
Incarcerated, Clinical
Samples
(Lynam et al., 1999; Ross & Rausch, 2001)
Male
Who Reports?
Samples Validity /
Measurement of
Constructs
(Houston, McIntire, Kinnie, & Terry, 2002; Ross & Rausch, 2001)

88. Methodological Difficulties
Incarcerated, Clinical Successful
Samples Psychopaths
(Lynam et al., 1999; Ross & Rausch, 2001) (Hare, 1993; Lynam et al., 1999)
Male
Who Reports?
Samples Validity /
Measurement of
Constructs
(Houston, McIntire, Kinnie, & Terry, 2002; Ross & Rausch, 2001)

89. Future Research
Samples
Non-Incarcerated
Sub-Clinical
Male & Female
Measures
Assess the exact construct of interest
Not self-report

90. Treatment

91. Treatment
Early
Intervention
(Gunderson & Gabbard, 2000;
Hare, 1993; Patterson et al., 1989)

92. Treatment
Involving
Parents
Early
(Patterson et al., 1989)
Intervention
(Gunderson & Gabbard, 2000;
Hare, 1993; Patterson et al., 1989)

93. Treatment
Involving
Parents
Early
(Patterson et al., 1989)
Intervention
(Gunderson & Gabbard, 2000;
Hare, 1993; Patterson et al., 1989)
Psychosocial
(Beauchaine et al., 2005)

94. Treatment
Involving
Parents
Early
(Patterson et al., 1989)
Intervention
(Gunderson & Gabbard, 2000;
Hare, 1993; Patterson et al., 1989)
Therapeutic
Psychosocial
Community
(Beauchaine et al., 2005)
(Rice et al., 1992)

95. Treatment
Caution with
Involving
Treatment Effect
Parents
Sizes
Early
(Patterson et al., 1989) (Markovitz, 2004)
Intervention
(Gunderson & Gabbard, 2000;
Hare, 1993; Patterson et al., 1989)
Therapeutic
Psychosocial
Community
(Beauchaine et al., 2005)
(Rice et al., 1992)

96. Overview
Research problem
Patterson et al. (1989) model
Parenting factors
Child factors
Environmental factors
Severe forms of antisocial behavior
Continuity and change
Methodological issues
Suggestions for future research
Implications for treatment

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