Working effectively in groups requires an understanding of key concepts like independent versus interaction work. Independent work is self-directed and non-interactive, while interaction work requires collaboration and adaptability. One challenge is social loafing, where people put in less effort in group settings. Social loafing can be influenced by culture, with more individualistic cultures experiencing higher rates. To address social loafing, people need to perceive their work and group members differently, such as showing appreciation for contributions. Productivity in groups can be measured through indicators like the timeliness and quality of interactions between members.

1. Working Effectively in Groups Katherine Casey San Jose State University