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Shodh, Samiksha aur Mulyankan (International Research Journal)—ISSN-0974-2832,Vol. II, Issue-11-12 (Dec.2009—Jan.2010)         85



‹Ê∑§Ã¢òÊ ∑§ Á‹ÿ ÉÊÊÃ∑§ ÁŒ‡ÊÊÁfl„UËŸ
ŸÄ‚‹flÊŒË •Ê¢ŒÊ‹Ÿ ∑§Ê ÁflfløŸÊà◊∑§ •äÿÿŸ

                                                                                           *«UÊÚ. (üÊË◊ÃË) ⁄UË◊Ê ⁄Uʟˌʂ
‡ÊÊœ¬òÊ-⁄UÊ¡ŸËÁà ‡ÊÊSòÊ

       izkjEHk ls gh O;fDr vkSj jkT; ds lEca/k tfVy Fks gSa]      izHkko o opZLo mRrjh if”peh rsyxkauk] iwohZ egkjk’Vª vkSj
ekuo thou dh ljyrk ds lkFk jkt; dk Lo:i Hkh ljy                   if”peh mM+hlk FkkA blh ds leku nwljk xqV ekvksbLV
Fkk] fdUrq ekuo thou dh tfVyrk ls jkT; dk Lo:i                    ¼dE;qfuLV lsUVj vkWWQ baf.M;k½ ¼,e- lh-lh-vkbZ ½ tks
ifjofrZr gqvk ftlds dkj.k jkT; vkSj o;fDr ds lEc/kaks esa         e/;Hkkj lfdz; FkkA ih- MCyw-th- vkSj ,e-lh-lh- vkbZ dk
tfVyrk vkus yxh jkT; O;fDr;ksa ds vf/kdkj iznku djrk              2004 esas foy; gks x;k vkSj ekdik ¼ekvksoknh½ ds :i esa
gS] lekt }kjk Lohd`r] rc ekuo dk dRrZO; curk gS fd                laxfBr gksdj vk;k] vka/kzizns”k ds izeq[k dzkfUrdkjh eqIiyk
vf/kdkjksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq;s vius mRrjnkf;Ro dk                 y{e.k jko mQZ x.kifr bl ny ds egklfpo gS] tuojh
fuoZgu djsa A Lora=rk izkfIr ds ckn yksdrkaf=d Hkkjr dss          2007 ds mRrjk)Z eas taxy es ,drk dkaxzsl dh lHkk gq;h
lkeus vusd pqukSfr;kW Fkh leL;k ds :i esa] yksdra= dks            ftlesa ekvkaokfn;ksa ds izeq[k jktuSfrd vkSj lSU; usr`Ro us
lEiq.kZ :i nsus ds fy;s vko”;d Fkk fd mldk jktuhfrd]              Hkkx fy;kA bl ekvksoknh ny us ogh jkLrk viuk;k] tks
vkfFkZd o lkekftd {ks= esa iz;kZIr :i esas fodkl gks] blh         1930 ds n”kd esa phu ds usrk ekvksRls rqax us viuk;k Fkk
lkekftd vkfFZZkd dkj.kksa ls if”pe caxky ds uDlyokM+h             phuh dzkfUr ds le; FkkA ekvksoknh usrk x.kifr miusrk
{ks= 1967 esa uDlyoknh vkanksyu “kq: gqvk] blds iz.ksrk           nyh; ldqZyj esa dgrs gS fd * tc geus la?k’kZ “kq: fd;k
pk: etewnkj Fks ;g vkanksyu HkwEokfl;ksa ds “kks’k.k ds fo:)      Fkk] rks ;g tehu vthfodk tSls tueqíksa rFkk lkearh ,oa
[ksfrgkj oxZ dk fojks/k FkkA                                      lkezkT;oknh “kks’k.k ,oa neu ls eqfä ls tqM+k ,d “kkafriw.kZ
       bUgksusa “kkfriw.kZ lk/ku dks ugh viuk;k cfYd ;g           vkanksyu Fkk] ysfdu tc “kkafriw.kZ ekpZ] jSfy;ksa /kjuksa] Hkw[k
l”kL= vkanksyu Fkk] uDlyokMh {ks= ds rhj /kuq’kk/kkjh             gM+rkvksa vkSj vke gM+rkyksa dh vuns[kh dh xbZ ;k mUgsa
laFkkyksa us eqYd dh Hkwfe ij dCtk fd;k] gy pyk;k Hk.Mkj          dqpyus dh dksf”k”k dh xbZ rks] yksxks dks fagald rjhdk
fd;s x;s /kku j[kus okys ?kjksa dk le{k izn”kZu fd;kA LVkWd       miukus ij etcwj gksuk iM+kA** vkU/kzizns”k esa 1980 esa dksMkiYyh
                                                                                                                             a
Nhus] bl ekeys esa >M+is gqbZ ljdkj us fgpfdpkdj bl               lhekjeS;kus ihiqYl okj xku }kjk bl uDlyh vkanksyu dks
ekeys ij dk;Zokgh dj bls nck;k phu eas ekvksoknh ikVhZ dk         vkxs c<+k;k 1987 ds vkrs vkrs ihiqYl ckj xzqi us lkaLd`frd
xBu gqvk] uDlyoknh Hkh bl fopkj/kkjk ls izHkkfor gq;s             laxBu tu ukV~; eaMyh dk xBu fd;k ] blesa usrk xqEekM+h
uDlyoknh vkanksyu pk: etwenkj o duq lU;ky ds usr`Ro               foV~By jko vius xhrks ¼uDlyokfn;ksa½ ds ek/;e ls ljdkj
esa vkxs c<+us yxk] pk: etwenkj dk ukjk Fkk **l?k’kZ dgh          ds dk;Z dks izHkkfor djus yxsA bldk izHkko] egkjk’Vª] e/
Hkh vkSj foLrkj djks** bldk izHkko {ks= if”peh caxky] ,oa         ;izns”k mM+hlk ds vfrfjä dukZVd o rfeyukMq ij iM+kA
vka/kzizns”k ds dqN Hkkxksa rd lhfer Fkk] 1970 rd dqN le;                fcgkj esa ekvksbLV dE;qfuLV lsaVj ¼,l-lh-lh½ lfdz;
i”pkr ;g if”pe caxky] fcgkj] mM+hlk ds dqN le;                    Fkk blus vusd fagalkRed xfrfof/k;kW dh] bldh “kk[kk;sa
i”pkr ;g if”pe caxky] fcgkj] mM+hlk ds dqN {ks=ksa rd             e/;orhZ ftyksa rd QSy x;h gSA 1987 ls 1992 rd prjk
QSy x;k] ljdkj us lsuk dh lgk;rk ls blds fo:)                     vkSj vkSjaxkckn ftyksa esa cM+h ojnkrsa gqbZaA ftldk mís”;
la;qä vfHk;ku “kq: fd;k] ;g vfHk;ku 1 tqykbZ ls 15                vkfZFkZd o lkekftd U;k; Fkk tks ckn ea tkrh; la?k’kZ esa
vxLr 1971 rd pyk] bl vfHk;ku dks uke fn;k x;k                     ifjofrZr gks x;kA ftlls fcgkj o >kj[k.M {ks= esa oSeuL;
*vkWijs”ku LVhiYpsat* dkA blesa vkus tkus ekxZ dks cUn dj         vkSj fgalk QSyus yxk uoEcj 2000 esa >kj[k.M dks i`Fkd
ckgjh ?ksjs ij lsuk o vkarfjd ?ksjs ij fjtoZ iqfyl cy             jkT; cuk;k x;k] rc ekvksoknh dE;qfuLV dk dszUnz >kj[k.M
rSukr fd;s tkrs gSA ihiqYl okj xzqi¼ih-MCyw-th½ ftldk             cu x;kA >kj[k.M ds 22 esa ls 15 ftyksa ij uDlyokn dk
                   * ‚„UÊÿ∑§ ¬˝Êäÿʬ∑§ ⁄UÊ¡ŸËÁà ‡ÊÊSòÊ, ‡ÊÊ. «UË. ∑§. ◊„UÊÁfllÊ‹ÿ ’‹ÊҌʒʡÊ⁄U, ⁄UÊÿ¬È⁄U
86     ‡ÊÊœ, ‚◊ˡÊÊ •ÊÒ⁄U ◊ÍÀÿÊ¢∑§Ÿ (•ãÃ⁄U⁄UÊCÔ˛UËÿ ‡ÊÊœ ¬ÁòÊ∑§Ê)—ISSN-0974-2832,Vol. II, Issue-11-12 (Dec.2009—Jan.2010)

QSyko gqvk e/;izns”k esa uDlyh fgalk dk izHkko {ks= ckyk?kkV     canh cuk;s x;sa] /kerjh es uDlfy;ksa us iqfyl okgu dks ce
eaMyk] faMMksjh] o lh/kh ftyk gSA pkj cM+s ihiqYl okj xzqi       }kjk mMk+;k] ftlesa dsUnzh; fjtoZ cy ds 12 iqfyl dehZ ,oa
dh gR;k dk cnyk ysus ds fy;s 15 fnlEcj 1995 esa y[khjke          13 yksxksa dh e`R;q gqbZA jktukanxkWo ftys esa nks tokuksa dh
dkoM+su jkT; ifjogu ea=h dh gR;k dj nh xbZA uDlfy;ksa            xksyhekjdj gR;k lh-ih,Q- ds 11 toku “kghn gq;s 11 vU;
us 1980 ds n”kd es naMdkj.; vka/kzizns”k] mM+hlk] NRrhlx<+       ?kk;y gq;s eSuiqj Fkkus eas jauw lwjt lfgr 30&35 yksxks ds
vkSj egkj’Vª ds fo”kkydk; ouksa ds {ks= es izos”k dj fdlkuksa    f[kykQ tqeZ ntZ fd;k x;kA tcfd uDlfy;ksa us bl
dks ,dtqV dj ,d xzkeh.k oxZ foghu lekt dh dYiuk                  okjnkr ds ckn trk fn;k fd os NRrhlx<+ jkT; dh
dhA                                                              jkt/kkuh jk;iqj ls nwj ugha gSaA lyok tqMqe%& lyok tqMqe
       NRrhlx<+ es a uDlyokn%&NRrhlx<+ jkT; es a                 dk fopkj okeiaFk dks NksM+us okys fo/kkulHkk esa eq[; foi{k
uDlyokn dk QSyko i`Fkd jkT; cukus ls igys dqN cLrj]              ds dkxzslh usrk egsUnz dks bl fopkj dks mUgksus twu 2005
jktukanxkWo] t”kiqj] ljxqtk rd FkkA 01 uoEcj 2000 dks            esa chtkiqj esa j[kk FkkA Hkktik eq[;ea=h jeuflag us bls eku
i`Fkd NRrhlx<+ jkT; ds xBu ds i”pkr uDlyh okjnkrksa              fy;k fd ekvksokfn;ksas ls yM+us ds fy;s ljdkj dks viuh
ds {ks= esa o`f) gqbZ] uDlyh izHkko {ks=&jkT; ds mRrj esa        turk dh “kL=ksa ls ySl djuk] blds vykok lyok tqMqe
ljxqtk] if”pe es ajktukWnxkWo] nf{k.k esa chtkiqj] narsokMk+]    ds “kkafr lsukvksa dks iqfyl }kjk jkbQy vkSj e”khuxu pykus
nf{k.k iwoZ esa cLrj] o mRrj iwoZ es t”kiqj gSA NRrhlx<+         xkWoksa ls yxHkx 60]000 yksx NRrhlx<+ esa cus 17 lyok
jkT; ds i`Fkd vfLrRo esa vkus ls igys 1969 eís<+ Fkkuk esa       tqMqe f”kfojksa ea pys x;sA 19 uoEcj 2007 esa dkaxzsl ds
uDlfy;ksa ds fo:) igyk ekeyk ntZ gqvk] 1984 esa ukjk;.kiqj       izHkko”kkyh usrk ,oa lyok tqMqe ds vxqok cq/kjke jk.kk vkSj
ds rkM+ok;yyh esa uDlyh ussrk x.kifr dks ekjus ds ckn            muds iq= deys”k dh gR;k ekvksokfn;ksa }kjk dh xbZA blls
iqfyl ls uDlfy;ksa dh “k=qrk cM+hA 1997 esa igyk ck:nh           bl vfHk;ku dks >Vdk yxkA muds uke uDlfy;kaas ds fgV
lqjax foLQksV QjlxkWo Fkkuk {ks= ds caxksyh esa uDlfy;ksa us     fyLV esa Fkk] bl ?kVuk ds ckn chtkiqj] HkSjex<+] dksaVA
fd;k] ftleas iqfyl ds ikWp tokuksa lfgr vkB ukxfjd ekjs          lfgr lHkh vkl&ikl ds {ks= can dj fn;sa x;sA cLrj jast
x;sA NRrhlx<+ jkT; xBu ds i”pkr 2004 ds vkl ikl                  ds egkfunsZ”kd dk dguk Fkk fd *jk.kk dh lqj{kk ds fy;s
uDlyh xfrfof/k;ksa esa o`f) gqbZA uDlyh ,Ecq”k lqj{kk cyksa      muds vkokl esa vaxj{kd fn;sa x;s FksaA*
ds fy;s izeq[k pqukSrh gSaA                                             uDlfy;ksa us narsokMk+ ls dbZ fdyksehVj nwj vcw>ekM+
       uDlyh xfrfof/k;kW gS %& ck:nh lqjax] cqchVsIl]            dks tgkW Hkktik ljdkj dh mifLFkfr {kh.k gSA viuk izHkko
Dyseksj lqjax] ykapj ekjuk] fNidj ?kkr djuk xksfjYyk             {ks= cukdj ml ij viuk fu;a=.k j[kuk gSaA nwljh vksj
iz)fr ?kkr yxkuk vkfnA uDlyh nks izdkj ls ,Ecq”k yxkrs           banzkorh ds ikj ouksa es ekvksokfn;ksa dk lekukrj “kklu gSA
gSA ¼01½ bartkj dk ,Ecq”k¼02½ pkjk ,Ecq”k lqj{kk cy ds           vkt uDlyokn dk :i ifjofrZr gsk pqdk ;g uDlyokn
tkus ds ekxZ ij bartkj djuk] nwljk] ftl izdkj ls eNyh            pk: etwenkj dk fl)kUroknh uDlyokn ugh gSa cfYd phu
idM+us ds fy;s pkjk Mkyrs gSSaA oSls gh pkjk ,Ecq”k gSA lqj{kk   dh ekvksoknh fopkj /kkjk ftlesa ,y-Vh-Vh- bZ dh fgald
cyks ds iz”kklfud ra= dks vLr O;Lr djuk uDlfy;ksa dh             fopkj /kkjk ,oa “kL= lfEefyr gS] okj xqzi us ,y Vh-Vh- bzZ-
xfrfof/k;ksa dk izeq[k dk;Z gSA ftlls ukxfjdksa esa Hkh Hk;      ls dbZ rjg ds lSU; izf”k{k.k fy;saA “kL= pykuk ,oa ns”kh
O;kIr gksrk tkrk gSA 2004 esa ihiqYl ckj vkSj ekvksoknh          ceksa dk mi;ksx djuk vkfnA 2007 eas uDlfy;ksa us chtkiqj
dE;qfuLV lsaVj ds foy; ds ckn ekdik ekvksoknh dk xBu             ftyss ds jkuh cksnyh iksLV ij vkdze.k dj 49 ,l-ih-vksa
gqvk bl dkj.k uDlyh ¼ekvksoknh½ dgykrs gSA uDlfy;kssa            lfgr 55 yksxksa dks geys dh ?kVuk FkhA 2008 esa jk’Vªifr
us yEch yM+kbZ dh ;kstuk cuk;h gS] muds “kL= gS] jkbQy]          Jherh izfrHkk ikfVy ds fp=dksV izokl ds le; uDlfy;kasa
fiLVy vkSj ns”kh dV~Vksa ds vykok ,- ds- 47] ,oa ykbVe”khu       us lh-vkj-ih-,Q ds okgu dks ck:nh lqjax foLQksV ls
xu tSls ?kkrd “kL= gSA iqfyl ds ikl bl ckr dk Hkh                mMk+;k ] bl ?kVuk esa vflLVsaV dekaMj lfgr ikWp toku
izek.k gS fd uDlfy;ksa ds ikl jkWdsV ykWpj gSA 2006 esa          ekjs x;s] fo/kkulHkk pquko ds le; Hkh Ms<+ ntZu ls vf/kd
2009 ds vkl ikl bu pkj o’kkZs esa uDlfy;ksa us yxHkx 13          yksx ekjs x;sA uDlfy;ksa us pquko ds le; igyh ckj
yksxksa dh gR;k dh] uDlfy;ksa ds mRikr ds dkj.k 1296             gsfydkWIVj dks fu”kkuk cuk;k ftlesa ,d toku ekjk x;kA
iqfyl dfeZ;ksa] fo”ks’k iqfyl vf/kdkfj;ksa vkSj vke ukxfjdksa           2009 esa vHkh rd 14 iqfyl 39 lh-vkj-ih,Q ds toku
dh gR;k gqbZ] blesa ekjs x;s vU; xksiuh; lSfud ,oa               17 ,l- ih-vksa vkSj 43 xzkeh.kksa dks uDlfy;ksa ¼ekvksokfn;ksa½
ljdkjh deZpkjh lfEefyr ugh gSSA 2005 ls vc rd 360                us ekSr ds ?kkV mrkjk 2009 esa nh jktukanxkWo ftys enuokMk+
iqfyl dfeZ;ksa] 143 ¼,l-ih-vks-½ rFkk 793 vke ukxfjdksa          {ks= eas lcls cM+h uDlyh okjnkr gqbZ ftlesa ,l-ih-lfgr
dh gR;k gqbZ ekjs x;s uDlfy;ksa dh la[;k dh 281 ,oa 637          31 toku “kghn gq;sA if”pe caxky esa ykyx<+ {ks= esa
Shodh, Samiksha aur Mulyankan (International Research Journal)—ISSN-0974-2832,Vol. II, Issue-11-12 (Dec.2009—Jan.2010)                                 87


uDlfy;ksa ds dCts ls iwjs ns”k esa coky gqvk] ysfdu blls                       ij jktuhfr djuk can djs blds funku ds fy;s dsUnz
cn~nrj fLFkfr vcw>ekM+ dh gS] iqfyl dk ekuuk gS fd ekM+                        ljdkj dks igy djuh pkfg;s A os pkgrs gS dh uDlyh
dk 60 Qhlnh {ks= uDlfy;ksa ds fu;a=.k gS] ftlesa os viuk                       “kL= Mkysa ,oa okrkZ }kjk bl leL;k dks lqy>k;k tk;saA
izf”k{k.k f”kfoj pykus gS tgkW ij >kj[k.M mMh+lk ds                            jkT; x`gea=h daoj dk dguk gS fd vfrfjDr QkslZ ds fy;s
ekvksokfn;ksa dks izf”k{k.k fn;k tkrk gS] NRrhlx<+ ds uDlyh                    dsUnz ljdkj ls ckr py jgh gSA uDlyh fujraj viuh “kfDr
izf”k{k.k izkIr dj egkjk’Vª o mMh+lk esa vkdze.k djrs gSaA                     o {ks= esa o`f} dj jgas gSaA mudk dguk gSA fd iwjk vcw>ekM+
NRrhlx<+ esa uDlyh okjnkrksa dh la[;k esa gqbZ ,oa muds {ks=                   [kkyh gSA uDlfy;ksa dks gVkus ds fy;s ch-,l-,Q ds ukS
dk vkdkj Hkh c<+k gSA xksnke ds ckjlwj ls ykSV jgsa lh-vkj-                    cVkfy;uksa dh ekaWx dsUnz ljdkj ls dh xbZA uDlfy;ksa dh
ih-,Q tokuksa ds Vªd dks ekvksokfn;ksa us ck:nh lqjax ls                       fopkj/kkjk vc fdlh vkanksyu ls izsfjr ugh gS] cfYd
mM+k;k ftlesa 08 toku ?kk;y gq;s vkSj 06 toku “kghn gq;s                       vijkf/k;ksa dk tekoM+k gSA os ou vapyksa ij dCtk djuk
bl ?kVuk ds fojks/k esa ckjlwj can jgk gSA uDlfy;ksa                           pkgrs gS rkfd ogkW ls Hkjiwj olwyh dj ldsA yksdra=
¼ekvksokfn;ksa½ ds vfHk;ku ea efgykvksa ds izHkko o {ks= esa rsth              ftldk vk/kkj gS jktuhfrd lekurk o Lora=rk] vkfFkZd
ls o`f) gks jgh gSA iqfyl us crk;k fd bu fnuksa uDlyh                          lekurk o Lora=rk] lkekftd lekurk o Lora=rkA yksdrkaf=d        a
vkanksyuks dh deku efgyk lnL;ksa ds gkFkksa es gSA tSls fd                     O;oLFkk isa ljdkj ,d laoS/kkfud vkSj yksdrkaf=d laLFkk gSaA
jktukanxkao ds ekuiqj esas gq;s uDlyh okjnkar dh dekaMj                        ftldk nkf;Ro gS turk dks fo”oluh; cuk;s j[kuk o
efgyk FkhA uDlyh geys ds lEca/k es dsUnzh; x`gea=ky;                           izfrf’Br djuk viuh lk/ku o lqfo/kvksa ds vuqlkj jkT;
us vius okf’kZd izfrosnu esa crk;k fd yxHkx nl jkT;ksa esa                     vius ukxfjdksa dks vf/kdkj o lqfo/kk;sa iznku djrh gSA
fiNysa lky uDlyh vkdze.k gq;s ftlesa 3300 ls vf/kd                             Loratrk izkfIr ds 63 osa o’kZ ckn Hkh Hkkjr os dqN {ks=ksa dk
yksx ekjs tk pqds gSA NRrhlx<+ fcgkj] caxky] dukZVd] es                        fodkl fuokZ/kxfr ls ugh gks] ldk lafo/kku dh /kkjk 3 d
uDlyh fgalk dh 7]806 ?kVuk;sa gqbZ A lcls vf/kd ekSrs                          ls 51 rd uhfr funsZ”kd rRoksa dh O;oLFkk }kjk jkT;ksa dks
NRrhlx<+ eas gqbZ ;gkW ij 2004 ls 2008 ds chp 2]654                            lkekftd ,oa vkfFkZd {ks= esa fodflr djus gsrq uhfr;kW
?kVuk;sa ftlesa 1250 yksax ekjs x;sa] NRrhlx<+ es fiNys o’kZ                   cukus dk vf/kdkj fn;k x;kA ftlds fdz;kUo;u }kjk
242]2007]eas 369 vkSj 2006 esas 368 ekSrs gq;hA                                vkfFkZd lk/ku ,oa L=ksr ,oa rhoz xfr ls vkfFkZd] lkekftd
      iz/kkuea=h eueksgu flag 2008 esa eqq[;eaf=;ksa ds lEesyu                 ,oa “kS{kf.kd fodkl vko”;d Fkk Hkkjr yksdrkaf=d O;oLFkk
es uDlyh fgalk dks vkarfjd lqj{kk ds fy;s ladV ekurs gq;s                      dks fn”kkfoghu djus okys fookn Hkkjr dh lkekftd ,oa
uDly fojks/kh cy xBu dk izLrko j[kk ftlds ljdkj }kjk                           vkfFkZd izxfr ea ck/kd fl) gksrs gSA vkt jkT; ds fofHkUu
10]000 dfeZ;ksa dh HkrhZ fo”ks’k izf”k{k.k }kjkA ;g izLrko “kh?kz              {ks=ksa esa dqN {ks= ,Sls gksrs gS tks lE;rk ds izdk”k ls nwj lwnwj
eaf=eaMy ds le{k j[kk tk;sxkA ftlls 10 cVfy;ku rS;kj                           iwoZ ?kus taxyksa es afuokl djrs gS S viuh laLd`fr esas jps cls
dh tk;sxh ftlesa 2 o’kZ yxsA jkT;lHkk esa tc x`gea=h ih-                       gSA yksdrakf=d fodkl dh fn”kk esa ljdkj }kjk pyk;h tk
fpancje ds lkeus uDlyh faglk dk iz”u mBk;k x;k rd                              jgh vusd ;kstuk;sa o dk;Zdze tks mUds vius {ks= ls
x`gea=h us crk;k fd o’kZ 2007]2008 eas lqj{kk cyksa lcls                       fudkydj lH;rk dh vksj ys tkrk gS] bu rd igwWp ugh
T;knk gkfu NRrhlx<+ jkT; essa gqbZA bl leL;k ds gy ds                          ikrh ,Slh fLFkfr dk ykHk vyxkooknh rRo mBkrs gS] ns”k ds
fy;s fo”ks’k dsUnzksa dh ,d “kk[kk NRrhlx<+ esa Hkh [kqysxhA                   vkarfjd {ks= eas mits fooknks ea lcls izeq[k uDlyokn gSA
fujarj uDlyh fgalk lEca/kh okjnkrks ads ckn 24 tqykbZ 2009                             fo|qr VªkwlQkeZj dks /oLr djuk [knkuksa o vkS|ksfxd
esa fo/kkulHkk l= eas uDlyh elys ij jeu &ljdkj ls                              laLFkkuks dks cUn d”okuk] csjktxkjksa dks vius fagalkRed
foi{kh nyks us bLrhQs dh ekWx dh] lnu esa gaxkWek fd;k                         dk;Zokfg;ksa esa lfEefyr djuk vkfn jkT; dh vFkZO;oLFkk
x;k] 27 fo/kk;dks us dk;Z LFkxu izLrko yk;k] bl l= esa                         dsk fuoZydj dsUnz ljdkj dh vFkZO;oLFkk ij otu c<+krk
34 fo/kk;dks dks lnu ls fuyfcEr fd;k x;kA bl leL;k                             gSA bl O;oLFkk ds lq/kkj ds fy;s vfrfjd Hkkj iaM+rk gS dsUnz
ds lEca/k esa eq[;ea=h jeuflag dk dguk gS fd foi{k jkrkas                      ljdkj ij A

‚ãŒ÷¸                           ª˝ ã Õ
        ¼1½ ;kstuk viSzy 2006 i`’B 13 ¼2½ bafM;k VqMs Qjojh 2008 i`’B 37 ¼3½ bafM;k VqMs 13 Qjojh 2008 i`’B v] 32 ¼4½ nSfud HkkLdj 6 ekpZ 2009 i`’B 09 ¼5½
n.Mdkj.; 17 tqykbZ 2009 i`’B 04 i`’B 06 ¼6½ uoHkkjr 29 tqykbZ 2009 i`’B 10 ¼7½ ubZ nqfu;k 7 tqykbZ 2009 i`’B 04 ¼8½ nSfud HkkLdj 28 tqykbZ 2009 i`’B 01 ¼9½
ubZ nqfu;k 24 tqykbZ 2009 i`’B 01 ¼10½ vkmVyqd vxLr 2009 i`’B 23 ¼11½ ubZnqfu;k 18 vxLr 2009 i`’B 01 ¼12½ ns”kcU/kq 19 vxLr 2009 i`’B 04 ¼13½ dq:{ks= i`’B
38]39]40 ¼14½ fjlpZ fyad i`’B 124]125 2006

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  • 1. Shodh, Samiksha aur Mulyankan (International Research Journal)—ISSN-0974-2832,Vol. II, Issue-11-12 (Dec.2009—Jan.2010) 85 ‹Ê∑§Ã¢òÊ ∑§ Á‹ÿ ÉÊÊÃ∑§ ÁŒ‡ÊÊÁfl„UËŸ ŸÄ‚‹flÊŒË •Ê¢ŒÊ‹Ÿ ∑§Ê ÁflfløŸÊà◊∑§ •äÿÿŸ *«UÊÚ. (üÊË◊ÃË) ⁄UË◊Ê ⁄Uʟˌʂ ‡ÊÊœ¬òÊ-⁄UÊ¡ŸËÁà ‡ÊÊSòÊ izkjEHk ls gh O;fDr vkSj jkT; ds lEca/k tfVy Fks gSa] izHkko o opZLo mRrjh if”peh rsyxkauk] iwohZ egkjk’Vª vkSj ekuo thou dh ljyrk ds lkFk jkt; dk Lo:i Hkh ljy if”peh mM+hlk FkkA blh ds leku nwljk xqV ekvksbLV Fkk] fdUrq ekuo thou dh tfVyrk ls jkT; dk Lo:i ¼dE;qfuLV lsUVj vkWWQ baf.M;k½ ¼,e- lh-lh-vkbZ ½ tks ifjofrZr gqvk ftlds dkj.k jkT; vkSj o;fDr ds lEc/kaks esa e/;Hkkj lfdz; FkkA ih- MCyw-th- vkSj ,e-lh-lh- vkbZ dk tfVyrk vkus yxh jkT; O;fDr;ksa ds vf/kdkj iznku djrk 2004 esas foy; gks x;k vkSj ekdik ¼ekvksoknh½ ds :i esa gS] lekt }kjk Lohd`r] rc ekuo dk dRrZO; curk gS fd laxfBr gksdj vk;k] vka/kzizns”k ds izeq[k dzkfUrdkjh eqIiyk vf/kdkjksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq;s vius mRrjnkf;Ro dk y{e.k jko mQZ x.kifr bl ny ds egklfpo gS] tuojh fuoZgu djsa A Lora=rk izkfIr ds ckn yksdrkaf=d Hkkjr dss 2007 ds mRrjk)Z eas taxy es ,drk dkaxzsl dh lHkk gq;h lkeus vusd pqukSfr;kW Fkh leL;k ds :i esa] yksdra= dks ftlesa ekvkaokfn;ksa ds izeq[k jktuSfrd vkSj lSU; usr`Ro us lEiq.kZ :i nsus ds fy;s vko”;d Fkk fd mldk jktuhfrd] Hkkx fy;kA bl ekvksoknh ny us ogh jkLrk viuk;k] tks vkfFkZd o lkekftd {ks= esa iz;kZIr :i esas fodkl gks] blh 1930 ds n”kd esa phu ds usrk ekvksRls rqax us viuk;k Fkk lkekftd vkfFZZkd dkj.kksa ls if”pe caxky ds uDlyokM+h phuh dzkfUr ds le; FkkA ekvksoknh usrk x.kifr miusrk {ks= 1967 esa uDlyoknh vkanksyu “kq: gqvk] blds iz.ksrk nyh; ldqZyj esa dgrs gS fd * tc geus la?k’kZ “kq: fd;k pk: etewnkj Fks ;g vkanksyu HkwEokfl;ksa ds “kks’k.k ds fo:) Fkk] rks ;g tehu vthfodk tSls tueqíksa rFkk lkearh ,oa [ksfrgkj oxZ dk fojks/k FkkA lkezkT;oknh “kks’k.k ,oa neu ls eqfä ls tqM+k ,d “kkafriw.kZ bUgksusa “kkfriw.kZ lk/ku dks ugh viuk;k cfYd ;g vkanksyu Fkk] ysfdu tc “kkafriw.kZ ekpZ] jSfy;ksa /kjuksa] Hkw[k l”kL= vkanksyu Fkk] uDlyokMh {ks= ds rhj /kuq’kk/kkjh gM+rkvksa vkSj vke gM+rkyksa dh vuns[kh dh xbZ ;k mUgsa laFkkyksa us eqYd dh Hkwfe ij dCtk fd;k] gy pyk;k Hk.Mkj dqpyus dh dksf”k”k dh xbZ rks] yksxks dks fagald rjhdk fd;s x;s /kku j[kus okys ?kjksa dk le{k izn”kZu fd;kA LVkWd miukus ij etcwj gksuk iM+kA** vkU/kzizns”k esa 1980 esa dksMkiYyh a Nhus] bl ekeys esa >M+is gqbZ ljdkj us fgpfdpkdj bl lhekjeS;kus ihiqYl okj xku }kjk bl uDlyh vkanksyu dks ekeys ij dk;Zokgh dj bls nck;k phu eas ekvksoknh ikVhZ dk vkxs c<+k;k 1987 ds vkrs vkrs ihiqYl ckj xzqi us lkaLd`frd xBu gqvk] uDlyoknh Hkh bl fopkj/kkjk ls izHkkfor gq;s laxBu tu ukV~; eaMyh dk xBu fd;k ] blesa usrk xqEekM+h uDlyoknh vkanksyu pk: etwenkj o duq lU;ky ds usr`Ro foV~By jko vius xhrks ¼uDlyokfn;ksa½ ds ek/;e ls ljdkj esa vkxs c<+us yxk] pk: etwenkj dk ukjk Fkk **l?k’kZ dgh ds dk;Z dks izHkkfor djus yxsA bldk izHkko] egkjk’Vª] e/ Hkh vkSj foLrkj djks** bldk izHkko {ks= if”peh caxky] ,oa ;izns”k mM+hlk ds vfrfjä dukZVd o rfeyukMq ij iM+kA vka/kzizns”k ds dqN Hkkxksa rd lhfer Fkk] 1970 rd dqN le; fcgkj esa ekvksbLV dE;qfuLV lsaVj ¼,l-lh-lh½ lfdz; i”pkr ;g if”pe caxky] fcgkj] mM+hlk ds dqN le; Fkk blus vusd fagalkRed xfrfof/k;kW dh] bldh “kk[kk;sa i”pkr ;g if”pe caxky] fcgkj] mM+hlk ds dqN {ks=ksa rd e/;orhZ ftyksa rd QSy x;h gSA 1987 ls 1992 rd prjk QSy x;k] ljdkj us lsuk dh lgk;rk ls blds fo:) vkSj vkSjaxkckn ftyksa esa cM+h ojnkrsa gqbZaA ftldk mís”; la;qä vfHk;ku “kq: fd;k] ;g vfHk;ku 1 tqykbZ ls 15 vkfZFkZd o lkekftd U;k; Fkk tks ckn ea tkrh; la?k’kZ esa vxLr 1971 rd pyk] bl vfHk;ku dks uke fn;k x;k ifjofrZr gks x;kA ftlls fcgkj o >kj[k.M {ks= esa oSeuL; *vkWijs”ku LVhiYpsat* dkA blesa vkus tkus ekxZ dks cUn dj vkSj fgalk QSyus yxk uoEcj 2000 esa >kj[k.M dks i`Fkd ckgjh ?ksjs ij lsuk o vkarfjd ?ksjs ij fjtoZ iqfyl cy jkT; cuk;k x;k] rc ekvksoknh dE;qfuLV dk dszUnz >kj[k.M rSukr fd;s tkrs gSA ihiqYl okj xzqi¼ih-MCyw-th½ ftldk cu x;kA >kj[k.M ds 22 esa ls 15 ftyksa ij uDlyokn dk * ‚„UÊÿ∑§ ¬˝Êäÿʬ∑§ ⁄UÊ¡ŸËÁà ‡ÊÊSòÊ, ‡ÊÊ. «UË. ∑§. ◊„UÊÁfllÊ‹ÿ ’‹ÊҌʒʡÊ⁄U, ⁄UÊÿ¬È⁄U
  • 2. 86 ‡ÊÊœ, ‚◊ˡÊÊ •ÊÒ⁄U ◊ÍÀÿÊ¢∑§Ÿ (•ãÃ⁄U⁄UÊCÔ˛UËÿ ‡ÊÊœ ¬ÁòÊ∑§Ê)—ISSN-0974-2832,Vol. II, Issue-11-12 (Dec.2009—Jan.2010) QSyko gqvk e/;izns”k esa uDlyh fgalk dk izHkko {ks= ckyk?kkV canh cuk;s x;sa] /kerjh es uDlfy;ksa us iqfyl okgu dks ce eaMyk] faMMksjh] o lh/kh ftyk gSA pkj cM+s ihiqYl okj xzqi }kjk mMk+;k] ftlesa dsUnzh; fjtoZ cy ds 12 iqfyl dehZ ,oa dh gR;k dk cnyk ysus ds fy;s 15 fnlEcj 1995 esa y[khjke 13 yksxksa dh e`R;q gqbZA jktukanxkWo ftys esa nks tokuksa dh dkoM+su jkT; ifjogu ea=h dh gR;k dj nh xbZA uDlfy;ksa xksyhekjdj gR;k lh-ih,Q- ds 11 toku “kghn gq;s 11 vU; us 1980 ds n”kd es naMdkj.; vka/kzizns”k] mM+hlk] NRrhlx<+ ?kk;y gq;s eSuiqj Fkkus eas jauw lwjt lfgr 30&35 yksxks ds vkSj egkj’Vª ds fo”kkydk; ouksa ds {ks= es izos”k dj fdlkuksa f[kykQ tqeZ ntZ fd;k x;kA tcfd uDlfy;ksa us bl dks ,dtqV dj ,d xzkeh.k oxZ foghu lekt dh dYiuk okjnkr ds ckn trk fn;k fd os NRrhlx<+ jkT; dh dhA jkt/kkuh jk;iqj ls nwj ugha gSaA lyok tqMqe%& lyok tqMqe NRrhlx<+ es a uDlyokn%&NRrhlx<+ jkT; es a dk fopkj okeiaFk dks NksM+us okys fo/kkulHkk esa eq[; foi{k uDlyokn dk QSyko i`Fkd jkT; cukus ls igys dqN cLrj] ds dkxzslh usrk egsUnz dks bl fopkj dks mUgksus twu 2005 jktukanxkWo] t”kiqj] ljxqtk rd FkkA 01 uoEcj 2000 dks esa chtkiqj esa j[kk FkkA Hkktik eq[;ea=h jeuflag us bls eku i`Fkd NRrhlx<+ jkT; ds xBu ds i”pkr uDlyh okjnkrksa fy;k fd ekvksokfn;ksas ls yM+us ds fy;s ljdkj dks viuh ds {ks= esa o`f) gqbZ] uDlyh izHkko {ks=&jkT; ds mRrj esa turk dh “kL=ksa ls ySl djuk] blds vykok lyok tqMqe ljxqtk] if”pe es ajktukWnxkWo] nf{k.k esa chtkiqj] narsokMk+] ds “kkafr lsukvksa dks iqfyl }kjk jkbQy vkSj e”khuxu pykus nf{k.k iwoZ esa cLrj] o mRrj iwoZ es t”kiqj gSA NRrhlx<+ xkWoksa ls yxHkx 60]000 yksx NRrhlx<+ esa cus 17 lyok jkT; ds i`Fkd vfLrRo esa vkus ls igys 1969 eís<+ Fkkuk esa tqMqe f”kfojksa ea pys x;sA 19 uoEcj 2007 esa dkaxzsl ds uDlfy;ksa ds fo:) igyk ekeyk ntZ gqvk] 1984 esa ukjk;.kiqj izHkko”kkyh usrk ,oa lyok tqMqe ds vxqok cq/kjke jk.kk vkSj ds rkM+ok;yyh esa uDlyh ussrk x.kifr dks ekjus ds ckn muds iq= deys”k dh gR;k ekvksokfn;ksa }kjk dh xbZA blls iqfyl ls uDlfy;ksa dh “k=qrk cM+hA 1997 esa igyk ck:nh bl vfHk;ku dks >Vdk yxkA muds uke uDlfy;kaas ds fgV lqjax foLQksV QjlxkWo Fkkuk {ks= ds caxksyh esa uDlfy;ksa us fyLV esa Fkk] bl ?kVuk ds ckn chtkiqj] HkSjex<+] dksaVA fd;k] ftleas iqfyl ds ikWp tokuksa lfgr vkB ukxfjd ekjs lfgr lHkh vkl&ikl ds {ks= can dj fn;sa x;sA cLrj jast x;sA NRrhlx<+ jkT; xBu ds i”pkr 2004 ds vkl ikl ds egkfunsZ”kd dk dguk Fkk fd *jk.kk dh lqj{kk ds fy;s uDlyh xfrfof/k;ksa esa o`f) gqbZA uDlyh ,Ecq”k lqj{kk cyksa muds vkokl esa vaxj{kd fn;sa x;s FksaA* ds fy;s izeq[k pqukSrh gSaA uDlfy;ksa us narsokMk+ ls dbZ fdyksehVj nwj vcw>ekM+ uDlyh xfrfof/k;kW gS %& ck:nh lqjax] cqchVsIl] dks tgkW Hkktik ljdkj dh mifLFkfr {kh.k gSA viuk izHkko Dyseksj lqjax] ykapj ekjuk] fNidj ?kkr djuk xksfjYyk {ks= cukdj ml ij viuk fu;a=.k j[kuk gSaA nwljh vksj iz)fr ?kkr yxkuk vkfnA uDlyh nks izdkj ls ,Ecq”k yxkrs banzkorh ds ikj ouksa es ekvksokfn;ksa dk lekukrj “kklu gSA gSA ¼01½ bartkj dk ,Ecq”k¼02½ pkjk ,Ecq”k lqj{kk cy ds vkt uDlyokn dk :i ifjofrZr gsk pqdk ;g uDlyokn tkus ds ekxZ ij bartkj djuk] nwljk] ftl izdkj ls eNyh pk: etwenkj dk fl)kUroknh uDlyokn ugh gSa cfYd phu idM+us ds fy;s pkjk Mkyrs gSSaA oSls gh pkjk ,Ecq”k gSA lqj{kk dh ekvksoknh fopkj /kkjk ftlesa ,y-Vh-Vh- bZ dh fgald cyks ds iz”kklfud ra= dks vLr O;Lr djuk uDlfy;ksa dh fopkj /kkjk ,oa “kL= lfEefyr gS] okj xqzi us ,y Vh-Vh- bzZ- xfrfof/k;ksa dk izeq[k dk;Z gSA ftlls ukxfjdksa esa Hkh Hk; ls dbZ rjg ds lSU; izf”k{k.k fy;saA “kL= pykuk ,oa ns”kh O;kIr gksrk tkrk gSA 2004 esa ihiqYl ckj vkSj ekvksoknh ceksa dk mi;ksx djuk vkfnA 2007 eas uDlfy;ksa us chtkiqj dE;qfuLV lsaVj ds foy; ds ckn ekdik ekvksoknh dk xBu ftyss ds jkuh cksnyh iksLV ij vkdze.k dj 49 ,l-ih-vksa gqvk bl dkj.k uDlyh ¼ekvksoknh½ dgykrs gSA uDlfy;kssa lfgr 55 yksxksa dks geys dh ?kVuk FkhA 2008 esa jk’Vªifr us yEch yM+kbZ dh ;kstuk cuk;h gS] muds “kL= gS] jkbQy] Jherh izfrHkk ikfVy ds fp=dksV izokl ds le; uDlfy;kasa fiLVy vkSj ns”kh dV~Vksa ds vykok ,- ds- 47] ,oa ykbVe”khu us lh-vkj-ih-,Q ds okgu dks ck:nh lqjax foLQksV ls xu tSls ?kkrd “kL= gSA iqfyl ds ikl bl ckr dk Hkh mMk+;k ] bl ?kVuk esa vflLVsaV dekaMj lfgr ikWp toku izek.k gS fd uDlfy;ksa ds ikl jkWdsV ykWpj gSA 2006 esa ekjs x;s] fo/kkulHkk pquko ds le; Hkh Ms<+ ntZu ls vf/kd 2009 ds vkl ikl bu pkj o’kkZs esa uDlfy;ksa us yxHkx 13 yksx ekjs x;sA uDlfy;ksa us pquko ds le; igyh ckj yksxksa dh gR;k dh] uDlfy;ksa ds mRikr ds dkj.k 1296 gsfydkWIVj dks fu”kkuk cuk;k ftlesa ,d toku ekjk x;kA iqfyl dfeZ;ksa] fo”ks’k iqfyl vf/kdkfj;ksa vkSj vke ukxfjdksa 2009 esa vHkh rd 14 iqfyl 39 lh-vkj-ih,Q ds toku dh gR;k gqbZ] blesa ekjs x;s vU; xksiuh; lSfud ,oa 17 ,l- ih-vksa vkSj 43 xzkeh.kksa dks uDlfy;ksa ¼ekvksokfn;ksa½ ljdkjh deZpkjh lfEefyr ugh gSSA 2005 ls vc rd 360 us ekSr ds ?kkV mrkjk 2009 esa nh jktukanxkWo ftys enuokMk+ iqfyl dfeZ;ksa] 143 ¼,l-ih-vks-½ rFkk 793 vke ukxfjdksa {ks= eas lcls cM+h uDlyh okjnkr gqbZ ftlesa ,l-ih-lfgr dh gR;k gqbZ ekjs x;s uDlfy;ksa dh la[;k dh 281 ,oa 637 31 toku “kghn gq;sA if”pe caxky esa ykyx<+ {ks= esa
  • 3. Shodh, Samiksha aur Mulyankan (International Research Journal)—ISSN-0974-2832,Vol. II, Issue-11-12 (Dec.2009—Jan.2010) 87 uDlfy;ksa ds dCts ls iwjs ns”k esa coky gqvk] ysfdu blls ij jktuhfr djuk can djs blds funku ds fy;s dsUnz cn~nrj fLFkfr vcw>ekM+ dh gS] iqfyl dk ekuuk gS fd ekM+ ljdkj dks igy djuh pkfg;s A os pkgrs gS dh uDlyh dk 60 Qhlnh {ks= uDlfy;ksa ds fu;a=.k gS] ftlesa os viuk “kL= Mkysa ,oa okrkZ }kjk bl leL;k dks lqy>k;k tk;saA izf”k{k.k f”kfoj pykus gS tgkW ij >kj[k.M mMh+lk ds jkT; x`gea=h daoj dk dguk gS fd vfrfjDr QkslZ ds fy;s ekvksokfn;ksa dks izf”k{k.k fn;k tkrk gS] NRrhlx<+ ds uDlyh dsUnz ljdkj ls ckr py jgh gSA uDlyh fujraj viuh “kfDr izf”k{k.k izkIr dj egkjk’Vª o mMh+lk esa vkdze.k djrs gSaA o {ks= esa o`f} dj jgas gSaA mudk dguk gSA fd iwjk vcw>ekM+ NRrhlx<+ esa uDlyh okjnkrksa dh la[;k esa gqbZ ,oa muds {ks= [kkyh gSA uDlfy;ksa dks gVkus ds fy;s ch-,l-,Q ds ukS dk vkdkj Hkh c<+k gSA xksnke ds ckjlwj ls ykSV jgsa lh-vkj- cVkfy;uksa dh ekaWx dsUnz ljdkj ls dh xbZA uDlfy;ksa dh ih-,Q tokuksa ds Vªd dks ekvksokfn;ksa us ck:nh lqjax ls fopkj/kkjk vc fdlh vkanksyu ls izsfjr ugh gS] cfYd mM+k;k ftlesa 08 toku ?kk;y gq;s vkSj 06 toku “kghn gq;s vijkf/k;ksa dk tekoM+k gSA os ou vapyksa ij dCtk djuk bl ?kVuk ds fojks/k esa ckjlwj can jgk gSA uDlfy;ksa pkgrs gS rkfd ogkW ls Hkjiwj olwyh dj ldsA yksdra= ¼ekvksokfn;ksa½ ds vfHk;ku ea efgykvksa ds izHkko o {ks= esa rsth ftldk vk/kkj gS jktuhfrd lekurk o Lora=rk] vkfFkZd ls o`f) gks jgh gSA iqfyl us crk;k fd bu fnuksa uDlyh lekurk o Lora=rk] lkekftd lekurk o Lora=rkA yksdrkaf=d a vkanksyuks dh deku efgyk lnL;ksa ds gkFkksa es gSA tSls fd O;oLFkk isa ljdkj ,d laoS/kkfud vkSj yksdrkaf=d laLFkk gSaA jktukanxkao ds ekuiqj esas gq;s uDlyh okjnkar dh dekaMj ftldk nkf;Ro gS turk dks fo”oluh; cuk;s j[kuk o efgyk FkhA uDlyh geys ds lEca/k es dsUnzh; x`gea=ky; izfrf’Br djuk viuh lk/ku o lqfo/kvksa ds vuqlkj jkT; us vius okf’kZd izfrosnu esa crk;k fd yxHkx nl jkT;ksa esa vius ukxfjdksa dks vf/kdkj o lqfo/kk;sa iznku djrh gSA fiNysa lky uDlyh vkdze.k gq;s ftlesa 3300 ls vf/kd Loratrk izkfIr ds 63 osa o’kZ ckn Hkh Hkkjr os dqN {ks=ksa dk yksx ekjs tk pqds gSA NRrhlx<+ fcgkj] caxky] dukZVd] es fodkl fuokZ/kxfr ls ugh gks] ldk lafo/kku dh /kkjk 3 d uDlyh fgalk dh 7]806 ?kVuk;sa gqbZ A lcls vf/kd ekSrs ls 51 rd uhfr funsZ”kd rRoksa dh O;oLFkk }kjk jkT;ksa dks NRrhlx<+ eas gqbZ ;gkW ij 2004 ls 2008 ds chp 2]654 lkekftd ,oa vkfFkZd {ks= esa fodflr djus gsrq uhfr;kW ?kVuk;sa ftlesa 1250 yksax ekjs x;sa] NRrhlx<+ es fiNys o’kZ cukus dk vf/kdkj fn;k x;kA ftlds fdz;kUo;u }kjk 242]2007]eas 369 vkSj 2006 esas 368 ekSrs gq;hA vkfFkZd lk/ku ,oa L=ksr ,oa rhoz xfr ls vkfFkZd] lkekftd iz/kkuea=h eueksgu flag 2008 esa eqq[;eaf=;ksa ds lEesyu ,oa “kS{kf.kd fodkl vko”;d Fkk Hkkjr yksdrkaf=d O;oLFkk es uDlyh fgalk dks vkarfjd lqj{kk ds fy;s ladV ekurs gq;s dks fn”kkfoghu djus okys fookn Hkkjr dh lkekftd ,oa uDly fojks/kh cy xBu dk izLrko j[kk ftlds ljdkj }kjk vkfFkZd izxfr ea ck/kd fl) gksrs gSA vkt jkT; ds fofHkUu 10]000 dfeZ;ksa dh HkrhZ fo”ks’k izf”k{k.k }kjkA ;g izLrko “kh?kz {ks=ksa esa dqN {ks= ,Sls gksrs gS tks lE;rk ds izdk”k ls nwj lwnwj eaf=eaMy ds le{k j[kk tk;sxkA ftlls 10 cVfy;ku rS;kj iwoZ ?kus taxyksa es afuokl djrs gS S viuh laLd`fr esas jps cls dh tk;sxh ftlesa 2 o’kZ yxsA jkT;lHkk esa tc x`gea=h ih- gSA yksdrakf=d fodkl dh fn”kk esa ljdkj }kjk pyk;h tk fpancje ds lkeus uDlyh faglk dk iz”u mBk;k x;k rd jgh vusd ;kstuk;sa o dk;Zdze tks mUds vius {ks= ls x`gea=h us crk;k fd o’kZ 2007]2008 eas lqj{kk cyksa lcls fudkydj lH;rk dh vksj ys tkrk gS] bu rd igwWp ugh T;knk gkfu NRrhlx<+ jkT; essa gqbZA bl leL;k ds gy ds ikrh ,Slh fLFkfr dk ykHk vyxkooknh rRo mBkrs gS] ns”k ds fy;s fo”ks’k dsUnzksa dh ,d “kk[kk NRrhlx<+ esa Hkh [kqysxhA vkarfjd {ks= eas mits fooknks ea lcls izeq[k uDlyokn gSA fujarj uDlyh fgalk lEca/kh okjnkrks ads ckn 24 tqykbZ 2009 fo|qr VªkwlQkeZj dks /oLr djuk [knkuksa o vkS|ksfxd esa fo/kkulHkk l= eas uDlyh elys ij jeu &ljdkj ls laLFkkuks dks cUn d”okuk] csjktxkjksa dks vius fagalkRed foi{kh nyks us bLrhQs dh ekWx dh] lnu esa gaxkWek fd;k dk;Zokfg;ksa esa lfEefyr djuk vkfn jkT; dh vFkZO;oLFkk x;k] 27 fo/kk;dks us dk;Z LFkxu izLrko yk;k] bl l= esa dsk fuoZydj dsUnz ljdkj dh vFkZO;oLFkk ij otu c<+krk 34 fo/kk;dks dks lnu ls fuyfcEr fd;k x;kA bl leL;k gSA bl O;oLFkk ds lq/kkj ds fy;s vfrfjd Hkkj iaM+rk gS dsUnz ds lEca/k esa eq[;ea=h jeuflag dk dguk gS fd foi{k jkrkas ljdkj ij A ‚ãŒ÷¸ ª˝ ã Õ ¼1½ ;kstuk viSzy 2006 i`’B 13 ¼2½ bafM;k VqMs Qjojh 2008 i`’B 37 ¼3½ bafM;k VqMs 13 Qjojh 2008 i`’B v] 32 ¼4½ nSfud HkkLdj 6 ekpZ 2009 i`’B 09 ¼5½ n.Mdkj.; 17 tqykbZ 2009 i`’B 04 i`’B 06 ¼6½ uoHkkjr 29 tqykbZ 2009 i`’B 10 ¼7½ ubZ nqfu;k 7 tqykbZ 2009 i`’B 04 ¼8½ nSfud HkkLdj 28 tqykbZ 2009 i`’B 01 ¼9½ ubZ nqfu;k 24 tqykbZ 2009 i`’B 01 ¼10½ vkmVyqd vxLr 2009 i`’B 23 ¼11½ ubZnqfu;k 18 vxLr 2009 i`’B 01 ¼12½ ns”kcU/kq 19 vxLr 2009 i`’B 04 ¼13½ dq:{ks= i`’B 38]39]40 ¼14½ fjlpZ fyad i`’B 124]125 2006