Read 8 Decimal’s latest deck for a comprehensive overview of enterprise blockchain solutions and to learn about its past, present and future developments. The deck also covers numerous use-cases and case studies of blockchain enterprise implementation, including IBM, OpenBazaar, ecommerce, retail, supply chain management, Tradelens, and energy management, among others, to name a few.

1. Disclaimer: The information contained in this document and its included confidential information should not be disclosed. In
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Enterprise Blockchain
Remi Gai, Venture Associate

2. Agenda 2
By 2030, blockchain will have a value-add of over $3 trillion worldwide from cost reductions and
revenue gains (Gartner).
Overview, Definition, Importance, Landscape,
Costs/Benefits/Risks, Advantages/Disadvantages
compared to public blockchains.
Different Use Cases, Market Opportunities and
Example Companies.
Current State of Enterprise Blockchain Adoption,
Obstacles, Growth Factors, Forecast of Blockchain
Technology Evolution and Outlook of Adoption.
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3
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3. Blockchain Came in Two Phases
Blockchain 1.0: Blockchain was first introduced in 2009 with its first application, Bitcoin. In its
simplest form, Blockchain is a decentralized digital database, in which untrusted parties can share
digital history and reach consensus without a middleman.
Benefits:
Benefits:
Decentralization Transparency
Programmability
Security Immutability
EfficiencySelf-Execution Audibility
Blockchain 2.0: Introduced by Ethereum with smart contracts, the utilization of blockchain has
grown beyond cryptocurrencies, enabling interorganizational use cases. This enables for exchange of
value in a truly peer-to-peer fashion, without the involvement of middlemen, and the potential for a
programmable economy.

4. Decentralized Apps Have a Different Infrastructure
Traditional Web
Applications
Decentralized
Applications
Web App
Front End
dApp
Front End
Web App
Back End
dApp
Back End
API
Smart Contract
Database
Blockchain

5. Humans need regulated social interactions enforced by laws to make people accountable for
having a sense of control (ex: land registry needs an ultimate central authority as guarantor).
The Internet - illusion of disintermediation, but
controlled by centralized giants.
Humans need selfish, controlled and regulated complex social interactions to fulfill their basic
needs for survival.
Central authorities won’t disappear - public blockchain could be an interim solution, but
eventually humans will create a central authority with people who are accountable for safety
and security to fulfilling their lowest-level basic needs.
Public Blockchains Won’t Replace Central Authorities

6. Consortium Decentralization:
Hybrid of public and private
model. The network is
maintained by trusted members
from different organizations.
Public Decentralization:
Any public participants can
join the network and open,
read and write in a
permissionless mode.
Private Decentralization:
All the participants are
known and part of internal
business units or divisions
from the same entity.
Enterprise Blockchains are Private or Hybrid

7. Currently There isn’t a Clear Winner in the Enterprise
Solution Landscape
Permissionless (Public) Permissioned (Private/Hybrid)
*List is not complete

8. Ethereum, Hyperledger and R3’s Corda are the Most
Popular Blockchain Solutions for POCs in 2018
In 2017, three key blockchain technologies —
Ethereum, Hyperledger and Ripple — dominated
POC implementations. In 2018, R3's Corda moved
into third place and Ripple fell back.

9. Overview of Popular Enterprise Blockchain Solutions
● 15 of 50 world’s biggest bank work with Ripple for real-time gross settlement system (RTGS),
currency exchange and remittance network.
● Allow any currency, cryptocurrency, loyalty points and fiat currencies to easily exchanges with
one-another.
● The most mature public blockchain, with over 250 members part of the Ethereum Enterprise
Alliance (EEA).
● Ethereum was not designed to address enterprise framework issues such as privacy, scalability,
performance, peer to peer networking etc.
● Hosted by Linux, backed by IBM and Intel.
● Hyperledger is the umbrella project that offers open source solutions that can solve many of the
requirements of an enterprise Blockchain framework.
● Leads a consortium of more than 200 of the world’s biggest banks and financial institutions.
● Suit the needs of financial institutes such as speed, privacy, scalability, and security.
Ethereum
Hyperledger
R3’s Corda
Ripple

10. Staff training
Lack of network
adoption
Enterprises Should Evaluate Blockchain Based on
its Costs, Benefits and Risks
Costs
Benefits
Risks
No central authority
and point of failure
Traceability Immutability
Improved efficiency
New revenue
opportunities
Digitization of
assets
Technology Implementation
Integration
Ecosystem
management
System duplication
Missed
expectations
Immaturity of
technology
Legal and
compliance
Lack of standards
Protection and
privacy

11. Private/Hybrid Blockchain Can Satisfy the Needs and
Requirements of Enterprises
Open to regulatory
oversights
Scalability
Faults can quickly be fixed
Trusted participants
Privacy
Easier governance and
policy enforcement
Cheaper transactions
Does not involve
cryptocurrencies

12. Enterprise Blockchain Have Some Disadvantages
Compared to Public Blockchain
Fragmented networkNot open source
Limited developer
resources
Cooperation vs Competition
Security risks as
consortium grows

13. Use Case: Ecommerce/Retail
Current Solution:
● Giants such as Amazon, Alibaba, and eBay
have the majority of the eCommerce market,
providing a trusted marketplace for buyers
and sellers for a fee.
● Identity and data of users are controlled by
the providers.
Blockchain Solution:
● A blockchain based retail platform can cut out middlemen, allowing buyers and sellers to trade
directly with each other.
● No transaction or service fees.
● Traceability on the authenticity of products.
Market Size:
In 2017, retail e-commerce sales worldwide
amounted to 2.3 trillion US dollars and e-retail
revenues are projected to grow to 4.88 trillion
US dollars in 2021 (Statista 2018).

14. Example: OpenBazaar
OpenBazaar is an eCommerce P2P marketplace built on
Blockchain.
● Payment is conducted in Bitcoin and 50 other
cryptocurrencies.
● Multi-signature escrow is utilized to prevent frauds and
scammers.
● Buyers and Sellers define a mutually trusted third-party to
validate trades or settle disputes.
● Users have complete control on their own data and
transactions.
Blockchain Value: offers free, transparent and secure trades while
avoiding risks of identity and credit card data theft.
Investors:
Total Funding: 4 Fundings / $9M

15. Use Case: Global Transactions
Current Solution:
● Billions of cross-border transactions happen
on a daily basis, facilitated by banks and
payment solutions such as VISA.
● Global transactions usually take days to
complete and involve various costs due to
multiple layers of currency exchange.
Blockchain Solution:
● Cross-border transactions through cryptocurrencies are faster, more cost-efficient and secure
than payments through banks and other services such as SWIFT.
● Businesses are facing less risks with reduced settlement time (payment by cards usually take
several days).
Market Size:
In 2018, the total transaction value in Digital
Payments amounts to $3.4 trillions and is
expected to grow to 5.7 trillions by 2022
(Statista 2018).

16. Example: IBM’s Blockchain World Wire
IBM’s universal blockchain payment solution is a new financial rail
that simultaneously clears and settles cross-border payments in
near real-time (10-15 seconds vs several days):
● Using blockchain technology and the Stellar protocol: The
first fiat is converted into the agreed digital asset as bridge
(stable coin, bank digital currency or other digital currency),
then World Wire converts it back into the second asset,
completing and recording the transaction on the blockchain
for clearing.
● The solution has been introduced to process transactions in
12 currency corridors across the Pacific Islands and
Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.
Blockchain Value: Faster payment processing, lower costs, and
increased efficiency.
Source: IBM

17. Use Case: Supply Chain Management
Current Solution:
● Involves large amount of physical paperwork
with complex point-to-point communication
and coordination between multiple parties.
● All these complexities lead to a slow
process and high risk for error, loss and
fraud.
Blockchain Solution:
● Allows data and documents to be recorded and shared in a transparent way among parties.
● Tamper-proof data and documents, reducing the chances for fraud.
● Increases overall efficiency in the flow of goods and reduces clearance time and costs.
● Automated and guaranteed payment through smart contracts upon delivery of goods.
Market Size:
Supply Chain Management Software
reached a total of $12.2B in 2017 (Gartner)
and is expected to reach $22.7 billion by
2024 (Grand View Research).

18. Example: IBM and Maersk Joint Venture
IBM and Maersk established a joint venture, TradeLens, in order to
increase the efficiency and transparency of global trade through
blockchain technology.
● The goal is to eliminate frictions in P2P communications by
offering a tamper-proof supply chain management software
that digitizes documents and simplifies trade workflow, with
the capabilities to track millions of shipments and integrate
with customs and authorities.
● The cost of global trade is estimated at $1.8 trillion annually
with potential savings from more efficient process of ~10
percent (IBM).
Blockchain Value: Increased flow efficiency, transparency,
traceability, reduced costs, errors and risks for frauds.
Source: IBM

19. Use Case: Energy Management
Current Solution:
● The energy industry is highly centralized in
which consumers can only buy electricity
from public grid or trusted intermediaries.
● The transaction costs are high due to the
involvement of multiple parties, from
electricity generation to certification to sales.
● Risks of error and fraud in the data.
Blockchain Solution:
● Peer-to-peer energy trading, allowing smaller power generators (solar panels etc) to join the
ecosystem and eliminating the need for brokers.
● Tamper proof recording of electricity data produced or consumed by meters
● Faster payment based on energy consumption
Market Size:
The Global Energy Management Systems
Market size is expected to reach $62.3
billion by 2023, from $25.9 billion in 2016
(Allied Market Research).

20. Example: LO3 Energy
LO3 is an energy technology company that enables local
communities to create, deploy and monetize energy in a peer-to-
peer marketplace.
● TransActive Grid is a subsidiary of LO3 Energy, an energy
transaction network built on Ethereum and hardware devices
(TAGs) based on an IP partnership with Consensys.
● Locally generated green energy can be traded and
monetized.
● In case of power outages and emergencies, residents can
receive power from alternative sources
Blockchain Value: peer-to-peer energy trading, transparency,
auditability
Investors:
Total Funding: 3 Fundings / $6M

21. Use Case: Health Records Management
Current Solution:
● Lack of trusted framework that allows two or
more systems to trust each other and use
health records with shared accountability.
● The error rates for successful identification
or integration are high (up to 25% for
hospitals and 50-60% outside of hospitals).
Blockchain Solution:
● Access to cryptographically secure, immutable and real-time patient data on the blockchain.
● Secure storage of patient data with access control.
● Predefined user access rules, allowing for multi-party collaboration and access-based
remuneration.
Market Size:
The global electronic health record market
generated $22.3 billion revenue in 2017 and
is predicted to progress at a CAGR of 5.4%
during 2018–2023 (P&S Market Research).

22. Example: Guardtime
Guartime is a data integrity service provider that stores data
fingerprints (hashes) on the blockchain and allows users to verify if
their data has been tampered with.
● One of the largest blockchain company by revenue and
customers (focuses on multiple verticals).
● Keyless Signature Infrastructure (KSI) Blockchain as Service.
● Partnership with the Estonian government’s E-Health
Foundation, in which their proprietary KSI blockchain platform
ensures that healthcare record access and alteration are
permanently logged for over 1 million health records.
Blockchain Value: Data security and confidentiality, privacy and
integrity, auditability
Investors:
Total Funding: 3 Fundings / $8M

23. Use Case: Syndicated Loans
Current Solution:
● Lack of transparency in the process of
syndicating loans to investors, and in the
pricing as each party maintains its own
records.
● Settlement takes time, locking up significant
amount of capital.
● Booking and serving costs are very high.
Blockchain Solution:
● Benefits of transparent record keeping, providing a more economically ‘optimal’ structure
discovery.
● Faster settlement time in trading, improving liquidity and more efficient capital allocation.
● Lower servicing costs by reducing back office and middle office costs from booking to payoff.
Market Size:
Global syndicated lending totaled US$ 4.6
trillion from 9,887 transactions during full
year 2017, a 12% increase in proceeds and
a 3% increase in number of completed
loans compared to last year (Thomson
Reuters).

24. Example: Fusion LenderComm
Finastra is the third largest financial technology company in the
world. Its new product, Fusion LenderComm, is a syndicated
lending platform built on R3’s Corda distributed ledger technology.
● Created in collaboration with large banks including BNP
Paribas, BNY Mellon, HSBC, ING and State Street.
● Agents can publish loan data on the ledger, providing direct
information access and self-service capabilities to lenders.
● Fusion LenderComm is promoted as an extension of its Loan
IQ asset-servicing application used by agent bank
administrators of syndicated loans.
Blockchain Value: Real time data, transparency, reduced friction
and costs in agent-to-lenders administration

25. Use Case: ERP Systems
Current Solution:
● Each organization has their own set of
records and version of the truth.
● Miscommunication and lack of trust between
business partners make it harder for
business transactions to take place.
● Transactions are costly and difficult to track.
Blockchain Solution:
● A single shared ledger that can be accessed securely by all parties in the network, providing
transparency and a more objective truth.
● Digitization of business processes involved in the transfer of goods.
● Reduces the costs of tracking and reporting.
Market Size:
Global ERP Software Market is expected to
garner $41.69 billion by 2020, registering a
CAGR of 7.2% during the forecast period
2014 - 2020 (Allied Market Research).

26. Example: IBM Blockchain x Oracle ERP Cloud
IBM’s Oracle Enterprise applications team is working on integrating
their blockchain solutions with Oracle ERP cloud.
● Takes information stored in each company’s ERP silos and
makes it available in a single shared, trusted system of
record across multiple companies.
● Digitization of business processes (goods, services, assets)
● A network of suppliers, customers, bankers, logistics
providers and other business partners.
Blockchain Value: Security, transparency, immutability, increased
efficiency, reduced time, costs, and risks

27. Enterprise Blockchain Adoption Face Obstacles on the
Business and Technology Sides
Business:
● Struggle to identify high-value use
cases and benefits.
● Struggle to align business benefits
and strategy.
● Cannot estimate the impacts on
business, operating and technology.
● Difficulty in working in Consortia
because the benefits are not
straightforward with competing
interests and significant governance
requirements.
Technology:
● Lack of consensus algorithms that
allows scalability while preserving
security, reliability and privacy.
● Immaturity in interoperability.
● No common language for different
smart contracts.
● Challenges in user-friendly UI/UX.
● Lack of software development
toolkits.

28. Enterprise Blockchain Will Become Scalable and
Compatible with Both Public and Private Blockchains

29. Blockchain Adoption Depends on Several Growth
Factors
Government Policy
Technology Maturity
Ecosystem Adoption Community
Successful Use Cases

30. Blockchain Business Value Will Go Through 3 Phases
Phase 1, 2018-2021:
Light adoption in which
enterprises are exploring
ways to achieve the most
impact.
Phase 2, 2022-2026:
Beginning of targeted
large initiatives and
discovery of many
successful business
models.
Phase 3, 2027-2030:
Large-scale value-add of
$3 trillion worldwide from
cost reductions and
revenue gains.
By 2030: 30% of the global customer base will be made up of things, and those things will use
blockchain as a foundational technology with which to conduct commercial activity.

31. Blockchain Mainstream Adoption will Happen at a
Different Pace for Different Industries
2-5 years 5-10 years >10 years
Cryptocurrencies
Digital Commodity Exchanges
Advertising
Banking and Investment Services
Government
Insurance
Logistics and Transportation
Oil and Gas
DAO
Internet of Things
Customer Service
Education
Media and Entertainment
Utilities
Reward Models
Digital Fiat
Supply Chain
Healthcare
Life Sciences
Retail
Smart Assets
Manufacturing

32. Enterprise blockchain is
still at an early stage
with little to no actual
deployment.
Conclusion: Blockchain is still in its Early Stage and
Will Be a Disruptive Technology in Many Industries
The winning use cases
need to solve current
problems and justify the
benefits, costs, and risks.
Enterprise blockchain
will evolve to scale and
integrate both private
and public blockchains.
Blockchain will be
transformational in many
industries with
undiscovered potentials.

33. Thank you
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